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Articles 31 - 60 of 72
Full-Text Articles in Environmental Policy
Follow The Smoke: The Pollution Haven Effect On Global Sourcing, Heather Berry, Aseem Kaul, Narae Lee
Follow The Smoke: The Pollution Haven Effect On Global Sourcing, Heather Berry, Aseem Kaul, Narae Lee
Research Collection Lee Kong Chian School Of Business
Research abstract: We examine whether and how foreign environmental standards influence global sourcing decisions. Taking a question-driven approach, we find a negative association between the stringency of a country's environmental standards and its share in US imports for 82 manufacturing industries across 77 countries between 2006 and 2016. This pollution haven effect holds not only for sourcing from owned foreign operations (offshore integration), but also for sourcing from unrelated third parties abroad (offshore outsourcing), and is stronger in industries with high toxic emissions and low technological intensity. These results are robust across alternative measures of environmental stringency and to using …
Networks, Stocks, And Climate Change: A New Approach To The Study Of Foreign Investment And The Environment, Andrew Jorgenson, Rob Clark, Jeffery Kentor, Annika Marie Rieger
Networks, Stocks, And Climate Change: A New Approach To The Study Of Foreign Investment And The Environment, Andrew Jorgenson, Rob Clark, Jeffery Kentor, Annika Marie Rieger
Research Collection School of Social Sciences
This study offers a new approach to the study of foreign direct investment (FDI) and the environment. We argue that both the accumulation of inward FDI and a nation's position in the global network of FDI could facilitate either environmentally beneficial spillover effects and technology transfers or the outsourcing and distancing of environmentally harmful and ecologically unsustainable economic activities. In other words, the environmental impacts, good or bad, are potentially greater for nations that occupy more central positions in the world's FDI network and for nations with relatively larger amounts of inward FDI. To test these arguments, we estimate cross-national …
Battling Over Bathwater: Greywater Technopolitics In Los Angeles, Sayd Randle
Battling Over Bathwater: Greywater Technopolitics In Los Angeles, Sayd Randle
Research Collection College of Integrative Studies
In Los Angeles, domestic wastewater recycling ("greywater") systems are controversial, loved by local environmentalists and disdained by the city's water agencies. Drawing on fieldwork among greywater advocates and public water agency workers, this article examines how greywater systems function as nodes that unsettle relations between residents and the public agencies that manage the city's water grid. Elaborating the longstanding frictions over greywater reuse in LA reveals how these fixtures are mobilized by advocates to rescript the roles of both individuals and the state within the urban waterscape. Detailing public agency workers' resistance to this form of selective disconnection from the …
Essays On Economic Development And Environmental Sustainability, Rohan Ray
Essays On Economic Development And Environmental Sustainability, Rohan Ray
Dissertations and Theses Collection (Open Access)
The first chapter is a randomized controlled trial study that uses loss framing and information nudges to increase secondary school attendance in Bangladesh. Conditional cash transfers (CCTs) have become one of the most common policy interventions to increase school attendance, but the cost-effectiveness of such interventions has not attracted the attention it deserves. Hence, in addition to a standard CCT implementation, our rich unique dataset on daily attendance allows us to experimentally study two potential ways to improve the cost-effectiveness of school attendance interventions: (i) SMS information nudges and (ii) loss framing in CCTs. The former provides school attendance information …
Singapore's Climate Action: It Is Time To Be More Ambitious, Winston T. L. Chow
Singapore's Climate Action: It Is Time To Be More Ambitious, Winston T. L. Chow
Research Collection School of Social Sciences
Some nations have declared net-zero carbon emission targets by 2050. Businesses and the people here know Singapore can punch above its weight. The government should lend its support.
Artificial Intelligence-Enhanced Decision Support For Informing Global Sustainable Development: A Human-Centric Ai-Thinking Approach, Meng-Leong How, Sin Mei Cheah, Yong-Jiet Chan, Aik Cheow Khor, Eunice Mei Ping Say
Artificial Intelligence-Enhanced Decision Support For Informing Global Sustainable Development: A Human-Centric Ai-Thinking Approach, Meng-Leong How, Sin Mei Cheah, Yong-Jiet Chan, Aik Cheow Khor, Eunice Mei Ping Say
CCX Research
Sustainable development is crucial to humanity. Utilization of primary socio-environmental data for analysis is essential for informing decision making by policy makers about sustainability in development. Artificial intelligence (AI)-based approaches are useful for analyzing data. However, it was not easy for people who are not trained in computer science to use AI. The significance and novelty of this paper is that it shows how the use of AI can be democratized via a user-friendly human-centric probabilistic reasoning approach. Using this approach, analysts who are not computer scientists can also use AI to analyze sustainability-related EPI data. Further, this human-centric probabilistic …
The Determinants Of Citizens’ Preference Of Policy Instruments For Environmental Policy: Do Social Trust, Government Capacity, And State-Society Relations Matter?, Beomgeun Cho, M. Jae Moon
The Determinants Of Citizens’ Preference Of Policy Instruments For Environmental Policy: Do Social Trust, Government Capacity, And State-Society Relations Matter?, Beomgeun Cho, M. Jae Moon
Research Collection School of Social Sciences
This study aims to investigate the determinants of citizens’ preferences for policy instruments. In particular, this study examines the impacts of social trust, government capacity, and the state-society relationship on citizens’ preferences for policy instruments. To test the relationships among those variables, the study utilizes data from the ISSP (International Social Survey Program) Environmental III 2010, which includes 32 countries. The results show that regardless of policy target groups, social trust makes citizens prefer market-based policy instruments most, and a high level of government capacity leads citizens to favor indirect policy instruments over regulation. The influence of the state-society relationship …
Perspectives On The 21st Century Urban University From Singapore: A Viewpoint Forum, Jean-Paul D. Addie, Michele Acuto, K. C. Ho, Stephan Cairns, Hwee-Pink Tan
Perspectives On The 21st Century Urban University From Singapore: A Viewpoint Forum, Jean-Paul D. Addie, Michele Acuto, K. C. Ho, Stephan Cairns, Hwee-Pink Tan
Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems
In this Cities viewpoint forum, we argue that there is a need to rethink U.S./U.K.-centric approaches to the urban university in policy and practice. Gathering three critical commentaries by practitioners from within the Singaporean higher education system, the forum responds to the challenges of: (1) broadened expectation placed on higher education institutions; (2) the pressures and possibilities of global urbanization; and (3) the provocation to theorize the urban, and thus the urban university, from beyond the 'Global North'. Following an introduction detailing the history and relevance of the Singaporean case, the three viewpoints seek to illustrate the various dimensions of …
Implementation Of A Multi-Agent Environmental Regulation Strategy Under Chinese Fiscal Decentralization: An Evolutionary Game Theoretical Approach, Ke Jiang, Daming You, Ryan Knowles Merrill, Zhendong Li
Implementation Of A Multi-Agent Environmental Regulation Strategy Under Chinese Fiscal Decentralization: An Evolutionary Game Theoretical Approach, Ke Jiang, Daming You, Ryan Knowles Merrill, Zhendong Li
Research Collection Lee Kong Chian School Of Business
Evolutionary game theory (EGT) provides a powerful tool with which to unpack the interactive strategies of polluting enterprises (PEs), local government regulators (LG), and central government planners (CG) in China. Here, the prevailing institutional system of fiscal decentralization sees regulatory mandates set by the CG and enforced at the LG level. This delegation shapes managers' incentives when deciding the degree to which firms will incur costs to reduce pollution and comply with state directives. Manager's choice sets draw shape from decisions at the LG level, where regulators balance the pursuit of environmental quality with the economic payoffs of tacit collusion …
Bare Mountaintops And Thirsty Cities: On California And Its Snowpack, Sayd Randle
Bare Mountaintops And Thirsty Cities: On California And Its Snowpack, Sayd Randle
Research Collection College of Integrative Studies
Figuring how to represent the oncoming effects of climate change is a common challenge faced by whistleblowers and policymakers attempting to alert populations. Sayd Randle shows how the state of California is trying to mobilize the monitoring of snow in the Sierra Nevada as a harbinger of a durable state of drought in the coastal cities.
The Meanings And Limits Of ‘Local Water’ In Los Angeles, Sayd Randle
The Meanings And Limits Of ‘Local Water’ In Los Angeles, Sayd Randle
Research Collection College of Integrative Studies
In the fall of 2014, Los Angeles Mayor Eric Garcetti held a press conference in front of the L.A. Department of Water and Power’s (DWP) downtown headquarters to sign his Executive Directive #5, titled “Emergency Drought Response – Creating a Water Wise City.” ED5, as everyone called the Directive, was meant to be the mayor’s big symbolic gesture signaling his seriousness about addressing the region’s ongoing drought crisis. His staff had invited several leaders of local environmental NGOs to stand by his side during its signing.As the assembled crowd of journalists and environmentalists looked on, Garcetti explained how, due to …
How Sending E-Mails Compares With Carbon Emission Of Car Use, Thomas Menkhoff
How Sending E-Mails Compares With Carbon Emission Of Car Use, Thomas Menkhoff
Research Collection Lee Kong Chian School Of Business
Digitalnatives can reduce their carbon footprint by being conscious about Internetusage. Everwondered how your e-mails may contribute to your personal carbon footprint? Accordingto estimates published in Phys.org, sending a short e-mail adds about 4g of CO2equivalent (gCO2e) to the atmosphere (an e-mail with a long attachment has atenfold carbon footprint, that is 50 gCO2e.
The Ceta Investment Chapter And Sustainable Development: Interpretative Issues, Stefanie Schacherer
The Ceta Investment Chapter And Sustainable Development: Interpretative Issues, Stefanie Schacherer
Research Collection Yong Pung How School Of Law
The United Nations Agenda 2030 and its sustainable developments goals (SDGs) uphold the status of sustainable development as being the global objective and guiding principle for various fields of international governance. The concept is relevant for international norm-creation but also for the interpretation of international norms. Its interpretative function is also relevant with respect to international investment law. In this context, the idea is to integrate environmental and social concerns into the interpreting process of investment provisions in order to reach more balanced outcomes. The present chapter specifically looks at the interpretative function of sustainable development under CETA. It namely …
Policy Analytics For Environmental Sustainability: Household Hazardous Waste And Water Impacts Of Carbon Pollution Standards, Kustini
Dissertations and Theses Collection (Open Access)
Policy analytics are essential in supporting more informed policy-making in environmental management. This dissertation employs a fusion of machine methods and explanatory empiricism that involves data analytics, math programming, optimization, econometrics, geospatial and spatiotemporal analysis, and other approaches for assessing and evaluating current and future environmental policies.
Essay 1 discusses household informedness and its impact on the collection and recycling of household hazardous waste (HHW). Household informedness is the degree to which households have the necessary information to make utility-maximizing decisions about the handling of their waste. Such informedness seems to be influenced by HHW public education and environmental quality …
Toward A Theoretical Framework To Studying Climate Change Policies: Insights From Case Study Of Singapore, Ai Sian Ng, May O. Lwin, Augustine Pang
Toward A Theoretical Framework To Studying Climate Change Policies: Insights From Case Study Of Singapore, Ai Sian Ng, May O. Lwin, Augustine Pang
Research Collection Lee Kong Chian School Of Business
The world decided in December 2015 to take actions to reduce global warming. To contribute toward this goal, this research examines possible policy levers for inclusion in the climate change ratification plan. A case study of the measures taken by the Republic of Singapore, a low-lying 719.2 km2 island without natural resources in Asia, is conducted. Being vulnerable to climate change impact and yet having to balance her people’s needs and economic progress with limited resources, the measures taken by this small country could offer policy insights for small states and states without access to alternative energy sources. This research …
The Effluent Society, Sayd Randle
The Effluent Society, Sayd Randle
Research Collection College of Integrative Studies
Here’s a story that sounds like a joke with a foul punch line. One day in 1939, Aldous Huxley, Thomas Mann, and two women walk along the shore south of Los Angeles. The weather is beautiful, the beach is empty, and Shakespeare is debated. Then the group realizes that something’s funny about the beach. As Huxley put it in the essay, “Like Hyperion to a Satyr,” they are suddenly walking among “ten million emblems and mementoes of Modern Love … Malthusian flotsam and unspeakable jetsam.”
Building Participatory Organizations For Common Pool Resource Management: Water User Group Promotion In Indonesia, Jacob I. Ricks
Building Participatory Organizations For Common Pool Resource Management: Water User Group Promotion In Indonesia, Jacob I. Ricks
Research Collection School of Social Sciences
States are increasingly striving to create participatory local organizations for joint management of common pool resources. What local conditions determine success of such state efforts? What effect do these efforts have? Drawing on controlled comparisons between three districts in Indonesia and an original survey of 92 water user groups, I demonstrate that local political contexts condition the effectiveness of participatory irrigation policies. When irrigation is politically salient, local politicians pressure bureaucrats to better engage with farmers. The data also show that training programs are not as effective at increasing water user organization activity as frequent contact between bureaucrats and farmers.
Communicating About Marine Disease: The Effects Of Message Frames On Policy Support, Katherine A. Mccomas, Jonathon P. Schuldt, Colleen A. Burge, Sungjong Roh
Communicating About Marine Disease: The Effects Of Message Frames On Policy Support, Katherine A. Mccomas, Jonathon P. Schuldt, Colleen A. Burge, Sungjong Roh
Research Collection Lee Kong Chian School Of Business
Oceans are suffering from the dual climatic pressures of warming temperatures and acidification, increasing the presence of disease risks that affect marine organisms and public health. Through a randomized field-based experiment, this study examines the effects of communicating about risks to marine organisms and public health on people’s support for policies aimed at mitigating those risks as a function of different message frames. To maximize the salience of these issues, participants were recruited from ferry passengers (N1⁄4543) in the San Juan Islands of Washington State in the summer of 2013 and randomized to read one of four fictitious news articles …
Questionnaire Design Effects In Climate Change Surveys: Implications For The Partisan Divide, Jonathon P. Schuldt, Sungjong Roh, Norbert Schwarz
Questionnaire Design Effects In Climate Change Surveys: Implications For The Partisan Divide, Jonathon P. Schuldt, Sungjong Roh, Norbert Schwarz
Research Collection Lee Kong Chian School Of Business
Despite strong agreement among scientists, public opinion surveys reveal wide partisan disagreement on climate issues in the united States. we suggest that this divide may be exaggerated by questionnaire design variables. Following a brief literature review, we report on a national survey experiment involving U.S. Democrats and Republicans (n = 2,041) (fielded August 25–September 5, 2012) that examined the effects of question wording and order on the belief that climate change exists, perceptions of scientific consensus, and support for limiting greenhouse gas emissions. wording a questionnaire in terms of “global warming” (versus “climate change”) reduced Republicans’ (but not Democrats’) existence …
Unilateral Emissions Mitigation, Spillovers, And Global Learning, Shurojit Chatterji, Sayantan Ghosal, Sean Walsh, John Whalley
Unilateral Emissions Mitigation, Spillovers, And Global Learning, Shurojit Chatterji, Sayantan Ghosal, Sean Walsh, John Whalley
Research Collection School Of Economics
What's the role of unilateral measures in global climate change mitigation in a post-Durban, post 2012 global policy regime? We argue that under conditions of preference heterogeneity, unilateral emissions mitigation at a subnational level may exist even when a nation is unwilling to commit to emission cuts. We establish that under certain assumptions, in a global strongly connected network of countries, learning the costs of switching to a low emissions activity can result in a universal adoption of such activities. We analyze the features of a policy proposal that could accelerate convergence to a low carbon world in the presence …
Social Tipping Points And Earth Systems Dynamics, R.A. Bentley, E. Maddison, P. Ranner, J. Bissell, C. Caiado, P. Bhatanacharoen, Timothy Adrian Robert Clark, Botha M., Akinbami F., Hollow M., Michie R., Huntley B., Curtis S., Garnett P.
Social Tipping Points And Earth Systems Dynamics, R.A. Bentley, E. Maddison, P. Ranner, J. Bissell, C. Caiado, P. Bhatanacharoen, Timothy Adrian Robert Clark, Botha M., Akinbami F., Hollow M., Michie R., Huntley B., Curtis S., Garnett P.
Research Collection Lee Kong Chian School Of Business
Recently, Early Warning Signals (EWS) have been developed to predict tipping points in Earth Systems. This discussion highlights the potential to apply EWS to human social and economic systems, which may also undergo similar critical transitions. Social tipping points are particularly difficult to predict, however, and the current formulation of EWS, based on a physical system analogy, may be insufficient. As an alternative set of EWS for social systems, we join with other authors encouraging a focus on heterogeneity, connectivity through social networks and individual thresholds to change.
Of Accessibility And Applicability: How Heat-Related Primes Affect Belief In “Global Warming” And “Climate Change”, Jonathon P. Schuldt, Sungjong Roh
Of Accessibility And Applicability: How Heat-Related Primes Affect Belief In “Global Warming” And “Climate Change”, Jonathon P. Schuldt, Sungjong Roh
Research Collection Lee Kong Chian School Of Business
Research shows that exposure to heat-related cues (e.g., warm temperatures, “fry” and “boil”) influences the belief that global warming exists and poses a serious threat to humans. Drawing on social-cognitive principles of concept accessibility and applicability, we hypothesized that these effects may depend on how the issue is framed, given that heat-related concepts are more compatible with “global warming” than “climate change.” Exploring this possibility, we asked campus passersby about their belief in global warming or climate change shortly after a real-life unseasonably cold weather event (i.e., snowfall during Spring; Study 1). A controlled Web experiment …
Media Frames And Cognitive Accessibility: What Do "Global Warming" And "Climate Change" Evoke Partisan Minds?, Jonathon P. Schuldt, Sungjong Roh
Media Frames And Cognitive Accessibility: What Do "Global Warming" And "Climate Change" Evoke Partisan Minds?, Jonathon P. Schuldt, Sungjong Roh
Research Collection Lee Kong Chian School Of Business
Decades of research demonstrate that how the public thinks about a given issue is affected by how it is framed by the media. Typically, studies of framing vary how an issue is portrayed (often, by altering the text of written communication) and compare subsequent beliefs, attitudes, or preferences—taking a framing effect as evidence that a media frame (or frame in communication) instantiated a particular audience frame (or frame in thought). Less work, however, has attempted to measure frames in thought directly, which may illuminate cognitive mechanisms that underlie framing effects. In this vein, we describe a Web experiment (n = …
Break The Negative Spiral Over The Haze, David Chan
Break The Negative Spiral Over The Haze, David Chan
Research Collection School of Social Sciences
No abstract provided.
Strategic Exploitation Of A Common Resource Under Environmental Risk, Eric Fesselmeyer, Marc Santugini
Strategic Exploitation Of A Common Resource Under Environmental Risk, Eric Fesselmeyer, Marc Santugini
Research Collection College of Integrative Studies
We study the effect of environmental risk on the extraction of a common resource. Using a dynamic and non-cooperative game in which an environmental event impacts the renewability and the quality of the resource, we show that the anticipation of such an event has an ambiguous effect on extraction and the tragedy of the commons. A risk of a reduction in the renewability induces the agents to extract less today while a risk of a deterioration in the quality has the opposite effect. Moreover, when environmental risk induces conservation, the tragedy of the commons is worsened. (C) 2012 Elsevier B.V. …
Strategic Exploitation Of A Common Resource Under Environmental Risk, Eric Fesselmeyer, Marc Santugini
Strategic Exploitation Of A Common Resource Under Environmental Risk, Eric Fesselmeyer, Marc Santugini
Research Collection College of Integrative Studies
We study the effect of environmental risk on the extraction of a common resource. Using a dynamic and non-cooperative game in which an environmental event impacts the renewability and the quality of the resource, we show that the anticipation of such an event has an ambiguous effect on extraction and the tragedy of the commons. A risk of a reduction in the renewability induces the agents to extract less today while a risk of a deterioration in the quality has the opposite effect. Moreover, when environmental risk induces conservation, the tragedy of the commons is worsened. (C) 2012 Elsevier B.V. …
New Land: A Look At Very Large Floating Structures, Li Peng
New Land: A Look At Very Large Floating Structures, Li Peng
Research Collection School of Social Sciences
Very large floating structures(VLFS) are large, tethered buoyantstructures on a body of water.Due to land reclamation, heavysea traffic and a narrow strait tothe north which is shared withMalaysia, Singapore has littleterritorial waters to spare. Theseconsiderations will constrainlarge-scale VLFS deployments.
Unilateral Measures And Emissions Mitigation, Shurojit Chatterji, Sayantan Ghosal, Sean Walsh, John Whalley
Unilateral Measures And Emissions Mitigation, Shurojit Chatterji, Sayantan Ghosal, Sean Walsh, John Whalley
Research Collection School Of Economics
We discuss global climate mitigation that builds on existing unilateral measures to cut emissions. We document and discuss the rationale for such unilateral measures argue that such measures have the potential to generate positive spillover effects both within and across countries. In a simple dynamic model of learning we show that while single countries on their own may never get to the point of switching completely to low emission activities, a learning process with positive spillovers across nations is more likely to deliver a global switch to low emissions. We discuss the key features of a new global Intellectual Property …
The Promise And Challenge Of Ecotourism, Biqi Wu
The Promise And Challenge Of Ecotourism, Biqi Wu
Social Space
The following article is adapted from an ecotourism case study conducted by Wu Biqi. It was supported by the Lien Centre and supervised by Associate Professor John Donaldson of the School of Social Sciences at the Singapore Management University.
Quasi-Option Value Under Strategic Interactions, Tomoki Fujii, Ryuichiro Ishikawa
Quasi-Option Value Under Strategic Interactions, Tomoki Fujii, Ryuichiro Ishikawa
Research Collection School Of Economics
We consider a simple two-period model of irreversible investment under strategic interactions between two players. In this setup, we show that the quasi-option value may cause some conceptual difficulties. In case of asymmetric information, decentralized investment decisions fail to induce first-best allocations. Therefore a regulator may not be able to exercise the option to delay the decision to develop. We also show that information-induced inefficiency may arise in a game situation and that under certain assumptions inefficiency can be eliminated by sending asymmetric information to the players, even when the regulator faces informational constraints. Our model is potentially applicable to …