Environmental Policy Commons^™

Possibilities Of Combined Heat Recovery And Air Pollution Control Systems, V. Frank Mach

UMR-MEC Conference on Energy / UMR-DNR Conference on Energy

Combined heat recovery with air pollution control is applicable on many industrial high temperature emissions. Some methods are discussed in this paper. Two examples illustrate that such a combination offers benefit in both energy conservation and less costly protection of the environment.

Waste Heat Recovery In Oklahoma Industry, W. C. Turner, R. E. Webb, J. M. Phillips

UMR-MEC Conference on Energy / UMR-DNR Conference on Energy

There is presently a great deal of interest in renewable source or "free" energy. The U. S. Department of Energy recognizes waste heat as one of these renewable sources and much effort is being exercised to fully utilize waste heat capabilities.

Industry in Oklahoma has recognized the wealth of potential in waste heat recovery and has completed numerous projects in the area. This paper summarizes the major Oklahoma industrial waste heat projects. For each project, the objectives, results, and suggestions are given. Particular emphasis is given on cost effectiveness, evaluation and application to other industries.

Included in the study among …

Reducing Heat Losses With Ceramic Fiber, Ronald E. Domst

UMR-MEC Conference on Energy / UMR-DNR Conference on Energy

A series of case histories describing how various industries have conserved energy by using ceramic fiber. In addition to the energy savings, other advantages are achieved, such as better working conditions and increased production. Documented figures obtained by these companies indicate the percentage or dollar value saved.

Electric Thermal, High Temperature Storage Heater Design Procedures, D. Bowman, R. S. Ramshaw, S. Stricker

UMR-MEC Conference on Energy / UMR-DNR Conference on Energy

From developed design procedures a number of electric, thermal storage unit configurations are compared. The comparison is based on specifications of low volume, high energy capacity and high power output suitable for residences in North America.

Geostatistics: A Powerful Tool In The Evaluation Of Energy Resources, Jean-Michel M. Rendu

UMR-MEC Conference on Energy / UMR-DNR Conference on Energy

Whether it is due to an increasing demand for energy resources, or to increasing environmental and technical constraints on the quality of these resources, the need for improved methods for the evaluation of low grade energy deposits is increasingly recognized. Many mineral deposits, such as uranium deposits, are characterized by skew sample value distributions, typically lognormal distributions. The purpose of this paper is to study the properties of some traditional and geostatistical methods applied to the local estimation of mineral deposits with lognormal value distribution, and to draw conclusions concerning the methods likely to give the best results. Some of …

The Development Of Coal-Based Emulsions And Their Potential Impact On The National Economy, Murphy I. Song

UMR-MEC Conference on Energy / UMR-DNR Conference on Energy

The proposed national energy policy emphasizes the use of coal replacing oil and gas. Coal-oil mixture (COM) can be produced using techniques developed in recent years to replace oil and gas. Large existing utility and industrial boilers could be converted to bum COM by retrofitting the boilers. In addition, the COM provides definite financial advantages to the owners of large utility and industrial boilers. The use of COM impacts on the national economy through new investment for retrofitting utility and industrial boilers, through reduced importation of residual oil, and through increased demand for coal.

Usable Energy Resources Expand Under The Economic Pressures Of Fuel Scarcity, Raphael Shen

UMR-MEC Conference on Energy / UMR-DNR Conference on Energy

Until mankind finds properties in materials that are useful and usable under given economic conditions, these materials are not resources. In the past, many of them became usable as the ones they replaced became scarce and expensive. Market induced R & D toward profit seeking and cost minimization hastens to incorporate currently unused materials into the productive processes. With the increase in oil and natural gas prices, hitherto untapped energy sources present themselves as attractive alternatives. There will be no permanent shortage of energy resources, and the current energy crisis will be a page of past history in the foreseeable …

Energy Audits In New Mexico: Plans And Programs, Thomas T. Shishman

UMR-MEC Conference on Energy / UMR-DNR Conference on Energy

New Mexico is planning and has implemented programs to provide Class A, B, and C energy audits to its citizens. These audits provide information to the owner/occupant of a structure about areas of energy waste and the economics of future actions and retrofit opportunities. Current programs include Class B audits for public schools and residences and Class C workbooks for schools, offices, and homes. Future projects will provide Class C workbooks for mobile homes and small businesses and development of a Class A program for non-residential structures.

It's The Effort That Counts, Wayne L. Daniel

UMR-MEC Conference on Energy / UMR-DNR Conference on Energy

This paper outlines the approach taken by a graphic arts company to continue operating within the confines of its non-interruptible General Service Rate for natural gas and simultaneously expand its production volume.

Disseminating Energy Information And Technical Assistance To Clientele Groups, H. Leroy Marlow

UMR-MEC Conference on Energy / UMR-DNR Conference on Energy

In Pennsylvania an established statewide technical information network known as PENNTAP (Pennsylvania Technical Assistance Program) has been expanded as part of the federal Energy Extension Services pilot program. This program is providing energy conservation assistance to two clientele groups -- municipalities and small businesses. The operation of a successful technology transfer program is an activity which is being considered by many organizations and this presentation will discuss the philosophy, operational procedures, problems and successes of the PENNTAP/EES program.

Energy Efficiency: Determination And Commentary, Dennis M. Richter

UMR-MEC Conference on Energy / UMR-DNR Conference on Energy

Energy consumption is generally associated with quality of life and living standard of a society. Is this assumption correct and is the U.S.A. as efficient in converging the use of energy into societal well being as other countries of the world? These assumptions are explored and suggestions made concerning energy efficiency.

The Effects Of Energy Conservation On Politics, Employment And Inflation, B. M. Worrall

UMR-MEC Conference on Energy / UMR-DNR Conference on Energy

The main tenet of this paper is that up to this time there has in fact been little incentive for consumers to conserve energy. An analysis of the three main types of energy user (industry, transportation and residential) and the ways in which energy may be conserved will show that the political action and legislation necessary for conservation would fail in our democratic society. It will be illustrated that a sudden decrease in energy consumption will cause any or all of the following to occur:- government revenues will fall, unemployment increase, companies go bankrupt, and an increase in prices. The …

Introductory Remarks, Dudley Thompson

UMR-MEC Conference on Energy / UMR-DNR Conference on Energy

No abstract provided.

Conserving Energy And Protecting Environment By Using Freight Pipelines -- A Technology Assessment, Henry Liu, Donald L. Gibson

UMR-MEC Conference on Energy / UMR-DNR Conference on Energy

Freight pipeline is not just a possibility but a reality. It is an emerging new mode of transportation which has many advantages such as energy conservation and environment protection. The paper discusses the state-of-the-art of this new technology.

National Defense Aspects Of Energy Imports, Robert A. Weatherup

UMR-MEC Conference on Energy / UMR-DNR Conference on Energy

The United States is now importing 46.6 percent of its petroleum. This 46.6 percent amounts to over 7,000,000 barrels per day. This paper discusses the adverse effects of these oil imports primarily from an Antisubmarine Warfare (ASW) point of view. in the event of an oil embargo and/or an attack by enemy submarines, there are serious questions as to the U.S. ability to support NATO, or even to sustain an efficient economy.

A Survey Of Energy Information Systems And Its Implications For Industrial Energy Management, Yildirim Omurtag, Henry Sineath, Henry Allen Wiebe

UMR-MEC Conference on Energy / UMR-DNR Conference on Energy

There is a need for state governments to prepare better strategic plans dealing with the use of their energy resources. These plans must be based on reliable information concerning energy resources and usage if they are to make a contribution to sound energy management. This paper presents the results of a survey which was conducted during 1976 and 1977 to determine the availablility of comprehensive energy information systems for planning and controlling the state-wide energy related activities in the United States.

A Methodology For Evaluating The Effectiveness Of Energy Conservation Programs, Herbert M. Eckerlin

UMR-MEC Conference on Energy / UMR-DNR Conference on Energy

With increasing federal emphasis on energy and its conservation, programs to conserve energy are being proposed at all levels of industry, commerce, and government. Many of these programs promise results that can never be realized. This paper describes an operational methodology for estimating and measuring energy savings for these energy conservation programs. The assumptions and qualifications which form the basis of the methodology are discussed, and some techniques for interfacing the methodology with a company's energy conservation program are presented.

Energy Savings At No Cost, J. E. Mosimann

UMR-MEC Conference on Energy / UMR-DNR Conference on Energy

A case history of how a large manufacturer of sophisticated electron devices embarked on an energy conservation program which resulted in an overall reduction of 38 percent in annual energy used. Greatest savings of energy were realized from the projects that required essentially no capital dollars to incorporate.

Energy Consumption Of Household Consumer Products, Michael G. Scott, Blaine N. Ouimette

UMR-MEC Conference on Energy / UMR-DNR Conference on Energy

This article describes the energy consuming characteristics of the U.S. household both in quantative and qualitative terms. Alternative household definitions for energy consuming household consumer products are used to illustrate and assess the potential consequences of mandatory energy efficiency and labeling standards.

Household Energy Availability And Use -- A Systems Theory Formulation, Charles Geiger, Milton E. Harvey

UMR-MEC Conference on Energy / UMR-DNR Conference on Energy

Systems theory provides an excellent perspective, as well as methodology, for analyzing energy problems of availability and use. The linear systems format is applied here to a system which focuses on household energy, energy independence, and energy conservation. Z-transform analysis can be used to simplify the mathematical operations required in this model.

Federal Automobile Fuel Economy Standards -- A Status Report, Stanley R. Scheiner

UMR-MEC Conference on Energy / UMR-DNR Conference on Energy

The Energy Policy and Conservation Act (EPCA) was enacted into law in December 197 5 and is an important part of our national energy program. A section of the EPCA is concerned with "Improving Automotive Efficiency and delegates various rulemaking responsibilities to the Department of Transportation relating to both passenger automobiles and nonpassenger automobiles. The scope of this paper is limited to a discussion of passenger automobile fuel economy standards for model years 1981 and beyond. A review of the background and rationale for the rulemaking to date and plans for the future are included.

Consumers’ Attitude Toward Energy Conservation In A Middle-Size City, Mangi Agarwal, Dan Johnson

UMR-MEC Conference on Energy / UMR-DNR Conference on Energy

This study explores the attitude of household consumers toward conservation in their electrical usage. It examines whether a time-of-day pricing structure will influence their response to shifting their electrical usage from peak to non-peak hours. It also attempts to measure their perceived elasticity of electricity consumption.

Land Use And Energy Utilization For The St. Louis Smsa, Norval D. Wallace, Alfred Kahn

UMR-MEC Conference on Energy / UMR-DNR Conference on Energy

The sensitivity of energy consumption to the residential patterns of the population growth in the St. Louis region between 1970 and 1995 is investigated. Methodology is presented for computing transportation and residential energy consumption, making maximum use of local data in a manner which is intimately tied to land use. Results of energy computations for a 1995 land use plan developed by East-West Gateway Coordinating Council and four alternatives are presented. The results are put into perspective with other related energy conservation measures.

Heat Pumps Without Supplemental Heat, Carl W. Glaser

UMR-MEC Conference on Energy / UMR-DNR Conference on Energy

Through the past few years, fuel used to generate electricity has climbed steadily in cost resulting in a new and much higher level of acceptance for the air to air heat pump system. Manufacturers have improved the product tremendously and have established a level of reliability approaching that of the conventional air conditioner. The fact that heat pumps reduce the cost of heating by 30% to 50% over conventional electric resistance heating and that natural gas is not available in many parts of the country has resulted in more and more heat pumps being installed in homes. While the benefits …

Recovery Of Oil From Oil Shale -- An Overall Technological Perspective, Abu Ahmad, Sayeed Hasan

UMR-MEC Conference on Energy / UMR-DNR Conference on Energy

The hydrocarbon content of oil shale can be converted into liquid oil which is a possible energy resource for the future. Different aspects of shale oil recovery is briefly discussed. The technology of modified in situ oil shale retorting, which is receiving increasing attention for commercialization, is discussed in a little more detail.

Economic Incentives In The Exploration, Extraction And Refining Of Crude Oil, Angelos Pagoulatos, David Debertin, Emilio Pagoulatos

UMR-MEC Conference on Energy / UMR-DNR Conference on Energy

A simultaneous econometric model consisting of 37 stochastic equations and 3 identities which captures the decisions affecting the supply of new discoveries, the size of proven reserves, the production out of reserves, the demands and supplies of refined products and the imports of crude oil and refined products, is estimated. Simulation with the econometric model analyzed the effect of alternative pricing policies on domestic oil production, consumption and imports.

Systematic Implementation Of Local, State And Federal Regulations To Control Transportation And Land Use Can Reduce Energy Required For Transportation, J. Larry Josey, J. Edwin Clark

UMR-MEC Conference on Energy / UMR-DNR Conference on Energy

Petroleum is available in limited amounts and the Transportation industry is currently using a giant share of the petroleum based fuel used in America. Ways are explored in this paper to reduce the amount of fuel needed to maintain mobility. Regulations on Transportation and Land Use are shown to be potential tools for fuel savings.

Development Of Industrial Owned, Small Hydroelectric Facilities, John S. Krikorian Jr.

UMR-MEC Conference on Energy / UMR-DNR Conference on Energy

A methodology is discussed for determining the economic feasibility of reclaiming industrial owned, small hydroelectric facilities. A cash flow computer model provides the means for coping with many of the diverse inputs that occur at different sites. A detailed case study is presented. Some institutional factors that aid or hinder development are discussed.

The Current Status Of The Canadian Coal Industry, Philip S. Martin

UMR-MEC Conference on Energy / UMR-DNR Conference on Energy

Mineable reserves of coal are known to exist right across Canada and some 30 mines are currently operating in five provinces, plus one small mine in the Yukon. Total production in 1977 will a- mount to some 30 million short tons with a value of approximately $700 million, which will be a new record tonnage.

Residential Energy Design, Charles E. Dorgan

UMR-MEC Conference on Energy / UMR-DNR Conference on Energy

As a result of the escalating cost of energy for residential heating systems, it is increasingly important that a careful analysis be made of construction methods and equipment installed in new homes. It is the purpose of the following paoer to discuss cost effectiveness procedures that should be adopted by the residential home construction industry.