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Articles 691 - 720 of 1961
Full-Text Articles in Public Affairs, Public Policy and Public Administration
Strengthening The Demining Sector Response To Hiv/Aids In Sub-Saharan Africa, Martin Chitsama
Strengthening The Demining Sector Response To Hiv/Aids In Sub-Saharan Africa, Martin Chitsama
The Journal of Conventional Weapons Destruction
In this article, the author explores how HIV/AIDS affects deminers in the African areas where the disease is most prevalent. He considers how deminers’ lifestyles make them especially susceptible to HIV/AIDS and suggests mobile HIV/AIDS programs can effectively combat this growing threat.
Economic Reintegration And Rehabilitation Of Nepalese Landmine/Ied Victims, Purna Shova Chitraker
Economic Reintegration And Rehabilitation Of Nepalese Landmine/Ied Victims, Purna Shova Chitraker
The Journal of Conventional Weapons Destruction
This article examines the effectiveness of a victim-assistance program in Nepal conducted by Ban Landmines Campaign Nepal (NCBL). In the program’s two phases, the organization helped rehabilitate 67 victims of landmines and improvised explosive devices and reintegrate them into society. The report details the NCBL’s program goals, activities and outcomes, and addresses the challenges and future aspirations of victim assistance in Nepal.
In Remembrance: Stephen “Darby” Allan, Cisr Journal
In Remembrance: Stephen “Darby” Allan, Cisr Journal
The Journal of Conventional Weapons Destruction
Stephen “Darby” Allan, a Technical Field Manager with Mines Advisory Group, died on 15 October 2010, following an explosion in which he was critically injured. The explosion took place around noon as Darby was doing mine-clearance work at a site near Kapoeta, in southern Sudan. He died a few hours later. Darby is survived by his wife Karen and his children, Sarah and David.
The Effect Of Reinforcement Rate Variations On Hits And False Alarms In Remote Explosive Scent Tracing With Dogs, Rebecca Sargisson, Ian Mclean
The Effect Of Reinforcement Rate Variations On Hits And False Alarms In Remote Explosive Scent Tracing With Dogs, Rebecca Sargisson, Ian Mclean
The Journal of Conventional Weapons Destruction
Detection animals offer untapped potential in terms of locating landmines and explosive ordnance in the field and in the laboratory. In this study, the Geneva International Centre for Humanitarian Demining investigated the effect of low, medium, and high levels of reward on the performance of six dogs searching filters for explosive odor.
The Advanced Intelligence Decision Support System For The Assessment Of Mine-Suspected Areas, Milan Bajic
The Advanced Intelligence Decision Support System For The Assessment Of Mine-Suspected Areas, Milan Bajic
The Journal of Conventional Weapons Destruction
Several research and development projects have been created to utilize airborne and spaceborne remote sensing for mine action, but the Advanced Intelligence Decision Support System is the first mine-action technology to successfully combine remote sensing with advanced intelligence methodology. The result is a rigorously operationally validated system that improves hazardous risk assessment for greater efficiency in land cancellation and release. This article discusses the components of the AI DSS system and its achievements in mine action.
Itep Evaluation Of Metal Detectors And Dual-Sensor Detectors, Kazunori Takahashi, Dieter Gulle
Itep Evaluation Of Metal Detectors And Dual-Sensor Detectors, Kazunori Takahashi, Dieter Gulle
The Journal of Conventional Weapons Destruction
Since its development in the early 1970s, scientists from an array of disciplines have found reason to utilize ground-penetrating radar to create radar images of the subsurface. The following article examines how GPR use in combination with standard metal detectors could aid workers in the field of demining.
Destruction Of Cluster Munitions In Moldova, Colin King
Destruction Of Cluster Munitions In Moldova, Colin King
The Journal of Conventional Weapons Destruction
For some countries affected by cluster munitions, the obligations to demilitarize that accompany ratification of the Convention on Cluster Munitions may appear daunting. In 2009, however, Norwegian People’s Aid undertook a pilot project in Moldova to find a cheaper, more efficient alternative-disposal method. They discovered that not only can destruction of cluster munitions be done more effectively, but also that by using locally administered programs, international organizations can promote capacity building and increased employment while also bolstering national pride and commitment to the Convention on Cluster Munitions.
The Bridge From Hold To Build, Yori Escalante
The Bridge From Hold To Build, Yori Escalante
The Journal of Conventional Weapons Destruction
In Afghanistan, the United States and United Nations are developing a new approach to community-based demining by funding local nongovernmental organizations. The use of these Afghan NGOs has not only allowed clearance to begin more quickly and continue more effectively, but has also helped the local population along the path to recovery and supported overall counterinsurgency efforts.
Mine-Action Funding: Gichd Survey Of Donor Countries, Jean Devlin, Sharmala Naidoo
Mine-Action Funding: Gichd Survey Of Donor Countries, Jean Devlin, Sharmala Naidoo
The Journal of Conventional Weapons Destruction
A recent survey of donors conducted by the Geneva International Centre for Humanitarian Demining found that, while short-term donor support remains strong, levels of funding may decrease and become more unpredictable over the coming years.
The Mine Action Programme Of Afghanistan, Mohammed Haider Reza
The Mine Action Programme Of Afghanistan, Mohammed Haider Reza
The Journal of Conventional Weapons Destruction
The Mine Action Programme of Afghanistan, coordinated by the Mine Action Coordination Centre of Afghanistan, faces a unique set of challenges in combating the national mine/explosive-remnants-of-war contamination problem. The ongoing war and changing political climate force the country’s mine-action plan to adapt to meet new demands as they emerge. The following summary of MAPA’s activities highlights these challenges and their implications for the continued humanitarian effort in Afghanistan.
Organization Profile: Small Arms Survey, Cisr Journal
Organization Profile: Small Arms Survey, Cisr Journal
The Journal of Conventional Weapons Destruction
Established in 1999, Small Arms Survey is an independent research project providing public information on all aspects of small arms and armed violence. The project conducts and collaborates on research efforts related to small-arms issues worldwide, seeking to further the theory and practice of disarmament and reduction of small arms. Its most recent yearbook focused on armed groups, gangs, and their small-arms holdings and means of acquisition.
Profile: “Remnants Of A War,” Directed By Jawad Metni, Documentary Review
Profile: “Remnants Of A War,” Directed By Jawad Metni, Documentary Review
The Journal of Conventional Weapons Destruction
During the 2006 Israeli-Hezbollah War, Israeli forces dropped more than four million cluster munitions on Southern Lebanon. By conservative estimates, these bombs fail to detonate 30 percent of the time. This rate, when coupled with a 2009 stall in the funding process, has left more than 12 million square meters (2,965 acres) of land threatening the safety and lives of local residents. Responding to this danger, Director Jawad Metni uses his film,“Remnants of a War,” to document the trained, local deminers of Southern Lebanon as they diligently work to remove the remaining munitions more than three years after the …
Demining Albania 2000–2009: Successes And Lessons Learned, Gregor Sancanin
Demining Albania 2000–2009: Successes And Lessons Learned, Gregor Sancanin
The Journal of Conventional Weapons Destruction
Following the 1999 Kosovo conflict, Albania sought the most efficient method for demining its land. Mine-action efforts were effectively jump-started with the creation of the Albanian Mine Action Executive, as well as the ratification of the Ottawa Convention. Support from mine-clearance partners and international donors has significantly enhanced the demining effort. This article reviews lessons learned in the process of demining Albania that can be used in future mine-clearance operations.
The Halo Trust Activities In Kuando Kubango, Angola, Rory Forbes, Marie Demulier, Andrew Genung
The Halo Trust Activities In Kuando Kubango, Angola, Rory Forbes, Marie Demulier, Andrew Genung
The Journal of Conventional Weapons Destruction
The HALO Trust employs over 900 national staff with eight expatriate managers in Angola. In 2008 HALO was responsible for 47 percent of the mined area cleared and 87 percent of the mines cleared in Angola. Its recent focus has been Kuando Kubango province—one of the most heavily mined areas of Angola and also one of the least economically developed provinces. This article begins with a case study to demonstrate the local mine problem, elaborates upon the full scope of HALO’s activities, analyzes HALO’s statistical achievements toward mine reduction, and concludes with HALO’s recent successes and future prospects.
Peer-To-Peer Support Vital To Survivors, Ken Rutherford
Peer-To-Peer Support Vital To Survivors, Ken Rutherford
The Journal of Conventional Weapons Destruction
Landmine victims suffer not only from physical trauma, but also from intense emotional, psychological and social difficulties. As a landmine survivor and person with a disability myself, I know the challenges of recovery firsthand. On a personal level, I feel I can better communicate challenges with other landmine survivors and people with disabilities rather than my doctors, family and friends; peer-to-peer support helped me face the difficulties I encountered following the loss of my legs.
The Roots Of Peace Model: Demine-Replant-Rebuild, Gary Kuhn
The Roots Of Peace Model: Demine-Replant-Rebuild, Gary Kuhn
The Journal of Conventional Weapons Destruction
Roots of Peace is an organization dedicated to the demining and redevelopment of mine-affected regions. It believes that it is not enough for organizations to just clear land of explosive remnants of war but that the land must be made livable and productive again. ROP suggests that the Demine-Replant-Rebuild model may be a good model for other organizations as well.
Community Empowerment And Leadership In Cambodia, Ruth Bottomley, Chan Sambath
Community Empowerment And Leadership In Cambodia, Ruth Bottomley, Chan Sambath
The Journal of Conventional Weapons Destruction
In an effort to strengthen the ability of Cambodian villagers living with landmines and explosive remnants of war to manage the mine/ERW threat, the Cambodian Mine Action Centre implemented the Community-Based Mine Risk Reduction project. The CBMRR project, with support from CMAC, helps local populations participate in mine-action projects and access victim-assistance services and community-development activities to alleviate mine risk.
Mag: Paving A Mine-Free Path To Prosperity In Angola, Kate Wiggans
Mag: Paving A Mine-Free Path To Prosperity In Angola, Kate Wiggans
The Journal of Conventional Weapons Destruction
In Angola’s eastern Moxico province, MAG (Mines Advisory Group), through its humanitarian mine-action program, is making substantial inroads into improving the residents’ socioeconomic situation. The almost immediate improvement to people’s lives is so visible that from one week to the next, MAG’s teams working on the outskirts of Luau, the regional urban center, can actually see families building homes on the land they have only recently cleared.
Redefining Success: Whose Reality Counts?, Asa Massleberg
Redefining Success: Whose Reality Counts?, Asa Massleberg
The Journal of Conventional Weapons Destruction
This article redefines how the mine-action community should measure accountability and effectiveness, suggesting that more thoughtful effort should be taken to measure success. It discusses recent developments in evaluating mine-action activities, examines the increased role of local communities as stakeholders and details the use of Mines Advisory Group’s impact-assessment tool in Sudan.
In Remembrance: Dominique “Momo” Morin, Cisr Journal
In Remembrance: Dominique “Momo” Morin, Cisr Journal
The Journal of Conventional Weapons Destruction
Dominique “Momo” Morin, a deminer, trainer and supervisor for Fondation Suisse de Déminage, was killed in an accidental mine blast on 10 May 2010. Morin, 54, was working in the northern town of Vavuniya, 254 kilometers (158 miles) north of Colombo, Sri Lanka. Formerly with the French military, Morin had been working in mine action for the past 10 years, training and supervising hundreds of national deminers. Morin dedicated his life to demining and was widely respected throughout the demining community.
Consolidating Peace Through Pssm Projects In Burundi, Julie Claveau
Consolidating Peace Through Pssm Projects In Burundi, Julie Claveau
The Journal of Conventional Weapons Destruction
Small arms and light weapons have been a problem in Burundi due to the Burundi Civil War. This article focuses on the programs that (MAG) Mines Advisory Group and the Burundian police have instituted to reduce stockpiles and improve physical security and stockpile management in the country.
In Remembrance: Afghan Deminers Killed By Roadside Bomb, Cisr Journal
In Remembrance: Afghan Deminers Killed By Roadside Bomb, Cisr Journal
The Journal of Conventional Weapons Destruction
Five Afghan deminers working for the Demining Agency for Afghanistan were killed when the bus they were traveling in was struck by a roadside bomb in Kandahar province on 14 April 2010. Thirteen others were injured. It is unclear whether the explosion was random or targeted against DAFA, a U.S.-supported demining group.
Tripwires: An Invisible Component?, Colin King
Tripwires: An Invisible Component?, Colin King
The Journal of Conventional Weapons Destruction
Most landmines are pressure-actuated, but a number of other initiation mechanisms are used. This article explains why tripwires are particularly significant, and examines their implications for clearance operations.
Micro-Projects Help Socioeconomic Recovery Of Cleared Areas, Carlos Orozco
Micro-Projects Help Socioeconomic Recovery Of Cleared Areas, Carlos Orozco
The Journal of Conventional Weapons Destruction
The Organization of American States’ recent experiences in Nicaragua and Colombia have shown that, in addition to large projects, micro-projects—such as building farms or gardens—are a necessary step in the rehabilitation of cleared lands. Because of the extensive amount of vulnerable area in these mine-affected countries, the continual support of micro-projects not only facilitates development activities, but also lays the groundwork for reaching the United Nations Millennium Development Goals.
Fellows Gain Experience At U.S. Department Of State, Cisr Journal
Fellows Gain Experience At U.S. Department Of State, Cisr Journal
The Journal of Conventional Weapons Destruction
The Frasure-Kruzel-Drew Memorial Fellowship of Humanitarian Demining has been awarded to promising students and recent graduates of James Madison University for more than 10 years. This fellowship with the Office of Weapons Removal and Abatement in the U.S. Department of State’s Bureau of Political-Military Affairs (PM/WRA) has provided Fellows with a stepping stone to careers in mine action and continues to leave a lasting impact on its participants.
In Remembrance: Halo Staff Killed By At Mine, Cisr Journal
In Remembrance: Halo Staff Killed By At Mine, Cisr Journal
The Journal of Conventional Weapons Destruction
Hussein Abdi Muhumed, driver for The HALO Trust, and HALO deminer Yousuf Xirsi Bashe were killed when their vehicle detonated an anti-tank mine while returning from work in the Dabogoroyaale minefield of Somaliland on 12 April 2010. Two other HALO staff, Section Commander Abdirahman Ismail Aden and deminer Hassan Dol Ali, were also injured in the accident. The explosion is HALO’s first mine-related death in their 10 years of clearance in Somaliland.
Mine Action Support Group Updates, Cisr Journal
Mine Action Support Group Updates, Cisr Journal
The Journal of Conventional Weapons Destruction
The Mine Action Support Group works to share information and increase coordination by the world’s foremost donor states and the United Nations for humanitarian mine action Included are updates on the United Nations Mine Action Service, United Nations Development Programme and UNICEF from the latest newsletter, which covers 19 May to 15 September 2009.The next newsletter is expected to be published in September 2010.
Dtra Pssm Global Efforts To Reduce Stockpile Threats, John Schmitt
Dtra Pssm Global Efforts To Reduce Stockpile Threats, John Schmitt
The Journal of Conventional Weapons Destruction
While international efforts to reduce the amount of military-grade weapons among civilian populations are increasing, the storage, security and management of the resulting weapon stockpiles present a new set of challenges and dangers. The United States Defense Threat Reduction Agency has a lead role within the U.S. government in making sure the solution to one problem does not create another.
International Action Network On Small Arms, Cisr Journal
International Action Network On Small Arms, Cisr Journal
The Journal of Conventional Weapons Destruction
For the past 12 years, the International Action Network on Small Arms has sought to improve personal safety and development through the increased regulation of guns and arms exports. To this end, IANSA has developed a number of initiatives to discourage the proliferation and violence associated with small arms and light weapons. This article explains the organization and some of the major campaigns it has adopted since its origin.
The Journal Of Erw And Mine Action Issue 14.2 (2010), Cisr Journal
The Journal Of Erw And Mine Action Issue 14.2 (2010), Cisr Journal
The Journal of Conventional Weapons Destruction
Focus: Mine Action Success Stories | Feature: Non-state Actors | Special Report: Physical Security and Stockpile Management | Notes from the Field | R&D