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Full-Text Articles in Public Affairs, Public Policy and Public Administration
Masg Update, Cisr Journal
Masg Update, Cisr Journal
The Journal of Conventional Weapons Destruction
The following article highlights the recent activities of the Mine Action Support Group, including updates on the United Nations Mine Action Service, the United Nations Development Programme and UNICEF. It is excerpted from the United Nations' newsletter covering the period from November 2008–February 2009.
Sustainability In World Education’S Uxo Education And Awareness Program In Lao Pdr, Barbara Lewis, Sarah Bruinooge
Sustainability In World Education’S Uxo Education And Awareness Program In Lao Pdr, Barbara Lewis, Sarah Bruinooge
The Journal of Conventional Weapons Destruction
World Education’s work in the Lao People’s Democratic Republic, one of the most heavily bombed countries in the world, offers an example of effective implementation of unexploded-ordnance-risk awareness at all levels. This article explores World Education’s work with the government of Lao PDR in achieving higher levels of UXO-risk awareness.
International Trust Fund, Cisr Journal
International Trust Fund, Cisr Journal
The Journal of Conventional Weapons Destruction
The International Trust Fund for Demining and Mine Victims Assistance is an organization that raises donations for mine action in Southeastern Europe and administers the donations to areas in need. The goal of the organization is to “eliminate the effect of mine contamination ... by 2010.” In 2008, the ITF managed US$33,999,200 in donations from 31 organizations (such as nongovernmental organizations, civic organizations, philanthropies and private companies) and 13 donor countries. It was the largest amount of donations the ITF had received in any single year.
2008, A Year Of Advances And Accomplishments, Johanna Garcia Garcia, Erika Estrada Chau
2008, A Year Of Advances And Accomplishments, Johanna Garcia Garcia, Erika Estrada Chau
The Journal of Conventional Weapons Destruction
Since 1990, the Organization of American States’ national demining assistance programs have been working to educate citizens about landmines and eliminate existing minefields in Nicaragua. The OAS Acción Integral contra las Minas Antipersonal program has successfully worked to coordinate with the Ministry of Education, local representatives, community leaders and volunteers to promote awareness about landmines, protect people from further injuries and provide rehabilitation for survivors.
Mine-Risk Education In Ecuador: A Person-To-Person Approach, Nelson Romeo Castillo Landazuri
Mine-Risk Education In Ecuador: A Person-To-Person Approach, Nelson Romeo Castillo Landazuri
The Journal of Conventional Weapons Destruction
“Explosive Mines Kill” is the message that the Organization of American States’ Acción Integral contra las Minas Antipersonal program wants to get across to communities living in mined areas in Ecuador. By taking an interpersonal approach to mine-risk education, the AICMA campaign advocates hope to raise awareness about the risks associated with anti-personnel mines and unexploded ordnance.
Mre And Community Leader Involvement In Risk-Prone Colombia, Lina Maria Ariaz Rojas, Ginna Andrea Lozano Jiménez
Mre And Community Leader Involvement In Risk-Prone Colombia, Lina Maria Ariaz Rojas, Ginna Andrea Lozano Jiménez
The Journal of Conventional Weapons Destruction
The presence of unexploded ordnance and anti-personnel mines in regions of Colombia has displaced families and stirred up fear throughout the population. The Organization of American States’ Acción Integral contra las Minas Antipersonal program is bringing hope to these suffering communities by providing mine-risk education to its leaders and through creative awareness programs in its school systems.
International Support To Mine Action In Colombia: Mitigating Impact And Protecting Rights, Charles Downs
International Support To Mine Action In Colombia: Mitigating Impact And Protecting Rights, Charles Downs
The Journal of Conventional Weapons Destruction
Ending the decades-long violence in Colombia is the only way to eliminate all landmines from the country. Until that time, there is a need to mitigate their impact, minimize the number of new victims and assure better assistance to survivors.
Comprehensive Medical Assistance For Landmine Survivors In Nicaragua, Cecilia Bustamante
Comprehensive Medical Assistance For Landmine Survivors In Nicaragua, Cecilia Bustamante
The Journal of Conventional Weapons Destruction
The victim-assistance component of the Acción Integral contra las Minas Antipersonal program was established in Nicaragua in 1997, and similar programs were set up across Central America. In Nicaragua, the AICMA victim-assistance element aims to help landmine victims obtain physical and psychological care, and provides them access to medical specialists they could not otherwise see. With many victims unable to pay for their medical treatment, the AICMA is coordinating funding and removing the financial burden of travel and lodging for treatment.
U.S. Department Of State Humanitarian Mine-Action Support In Colombia, Edmund Trimakas
U.S. Department Of State Humanitarian Mine-Action Support In Colombia, Edmund Trimakas
The Journal of Conventional Weapons Destruction
Years of conflict between the Colombian government and the militant groupFuerzas Armadas Revolucionarias de Colombia has left the country littered with landmines and millions of internally displaced persons. The Colombian government is trying to address this situation. The Bureau of Political-Military Affairs’ Office of Weapons Removal and Abatement in the U.S. Department of State is working with Colombian organizations and nongovernmenal organizations to clean up contaminated areas and resettle Colombia’s IDPs.
Latin Victims Are Invisible To The International Media, Vinicius Souza, Maria Eugênia Sá
Latin Victims Are Invisible To The International Media, Vinicius Souza, Maria Eugênia Sá
The Journal of Conventional Weapons Destruction
Colombia continues to be the country with the highest number of new anti-personnel landmine victims in the world, with 10 other countries on the American continents having problems with mines as well. This situation, however, seems not to exist for the international news media. Even specialized publications seldom show a picture or publish an article about Central or South America; consequently, most people still believe that the landmine problem is confined exclusively to Africa, the Middle East and Southeast Asia.
Mine-Risk Education In Mine Action: How Is It Effective?, Sharif Baaser, Hugues Laurenge, Eric Filippino
Mine-Risk Education In Mine Action: How Is It Effective?, Sharif Baaser, Hugues Laurenge, Eric Filippino
The Journal of Conventional Weapons Destruction
While mine-risk education has faced questions about its effectiveness, it has been an important part of mine action for the past 20 years. As mine action continues to evolve, so does MRE and the ways in which it operates and works with at-risk communities. Continued success in many different countries has shown the effectiveness of MRE and the necessity of the discipline.
The Challenges Of Ied Awareness And Mre In Afghanistan, Mathias Hagstrøm
The Challenges Of Ied Awareness And Mre In Afghanistan, Mathias Hagstrøm
The Journal of Conventional Weapons Destruction
Improvised explosive devices have become a significant threat to the people of Afghanistan and have surpassed the threat posed by other types of explosive remnants of war. In order to combat these dangers, the United Nations Mine Action Centre for Afghanistan has worked closely with other groups to develop an IED-awareness booklet that supports current mine-risk-education efforts.
The Role Of Education On Awareness Of Ammunition-Dismantling Risks, Brunilda Zenelaga
The Role Of Education On Awareness Of Ammunition-Dismantling Risks, Brunilda Zenelaga
The Journal of Conventional Weapons Destruction
The blasts from an ammunition dismantling factory in Gërdec, Albania, an accident caused by untrained employees at the facility, resulted in deaths and injuries and damaged homes for factory workers and nearby villagers in March 2008. This article suggests that training employers and workers to follow necessary safety procedures, as well as raising village awareness of the dangers of these ammunitions facilities, will help prevent such tragedies from occurring in the future.
Beyond Weapons Collection: Promoting Safe And Responsible Sa/Lw Management, Nicolas Florquin, Karina Lynge, Klaus Ljørring Pedersen
Beyond Weapons Collection: Promoting Safe And Responsible Sa/Lw Management, Nicolas Florquin, Karina Lynge, Klaus Ljørring Pedersen
The Journal of Conventional Weapons Destruction
While the traditional focuses of many small-arms/light-weapons programs have been weapons collection and curbing proliferation, some humanitarian organizations—like Geneva Call and Danish Demining Group—advocate a model based on the promotion of safe and responsible weapons management. As illustrated by the experience of DDG with communities in Somaliland and by Geneva Call’s efforts with armed non-state actors, a participatory approach to weapons regulation and management offers promising alternatives to traditional weapons-control initiatives.
Mapping Development Organizations: Success Depends On Mine Action, Charles Downs
Mapping Development Organizations: Success Depends On Mine Action, Charles Downs
The Journal of Conventional Weapons Destruction
Development initiatives around the world stand to gain from stronger collaboration with the mine-action community; however, this relationship is all too often underappreciated in areas where conflict has mandated resuscitating infrastructure, revitalizing the economy and resettling displaced persons. The Survey Action Center’s ongoing project on development organizations’ use (and occasionally misuse) of mine-action information intends to help mend the partnership between mine-action and non-mine-action actors.
First Workshop On Regional Approaches To Stockpile Reduction In Southeast Europe, Daniele Ressler, Dave Diaz, Laurie Freeman
First Workshop On Regional Approaches To Stockpile Reduction In Southeast Europe, Daniele Ressler, Dave Diaz, Laurie Freeman
The Journal of Conventional Weapons Destruction
Faced with the significant security and humanitarian impacts of stockpiled weapons and munitions, countries and organizations in Southeast Europe met in May to discuss strategies for stockpile reduction. The workshop, held in Croatia, focused on regional approaches to this problem, emphasizing information-sharing and coordination across borders.
Uzbekistan Ammunition Depot Explosion Cleanup: U.S. Dod Support, Cisr Journal
Uzbekistan Ammunition Depot Explosion Cleanup: U.S. Dod Support, Cisr Journal
The Journal of Conventional Weapons Destruction
A recent ammunition explosion in Kagan, Uzbekistan, prompted an appeal for international aid. As a result, Lieutenant Colonel Gary Bolos led a team of Explosive Ordnance Disposal Non-Commissioned Officers from the United States Department of Defense into Uzbekistan to deliver equipment and train the Uzbek Army on proper detection and removal of the ammunition with a limited budget and restricted schedule.
Prostheses For Pachyderm Landmine Survivors, Cisr Journal
Prostheses For Pachyderm Landmine Survivors, Cisr Journal
The Journal of Conventional Weapons Destruction
Many times the only landmine survivors considered candidates for prostheses are humans; however, there are also pachyderm victims in need of assistance. Along the Thai-Burmese border, a heavily mined area, elephants that are used for logging, as well as wild elephants, often fall victim to landmines. Lacking other options and unable to care for the animals in this condition, their caretakers frequently opt to end the animals’ lives.
Geneva Diary: Report From The Gichd, Ian Mansfield
Geneva Diary: Report From The Gichd, Ian Mansfield
The Journal of Conventional Weapons Destruction
The Geneva International Centre for Humanitarian Demining has been busy over the last several months. The GICHD recently organized an African Francophone Conference on demining in Benin and provided technical input for the recent Convention on Cluster Munitions. In addition, GICHD published technical guides related to road clearance, safe ammunition storage and cluster munitions.
Proper Usage Of Torch Systems For In-Situ Landmine Neutralization By Burning For Humanitarian Demining, Divyakant Patel
Proper Usage Of Torch Systems For In-Situ Landmine Neutralization By Burning For Humanitarian Demining, Divyakant Patel
The Journal of Conventional Weapons Destruction
Researchers at the U.S. Army Research, Development and Engineering Command who work with the Communications-Electronics Research, Development and Engineering Center as part of the Night Vision and Electronic Sensors Directorate, are advancing demining beyond traditional approaches with the use of torch systems for mine neutralization. This article describes trial results for three such torches.
Performance Of Flail Hammers, Frédéric Guerne
Performance Of Flail Hammers, Frédéric Guerne
The Journal of Conventional Weapons Destruction
The following article discusses the strengths and weaknesses of flail hammer use in the demining field. The author leans on his field experience with the Digger Foundation to analyze types and usage of these tools. In doing so, he aims to give advice on the best methods for using flails to achieve the best results.
Sa/Lw And The Arms Trade Treaty, Cisr Journal
Sa/Lw And The Arms Trade Treaty, Cisr Journal
The Journal of Conventional Weapons Destruction
Despite the efforts of governments, nongovernmental organizations, and disarmament and human rights activists worldwide, the global arms trade continues to exacerbate the situation caused by conventional weapons and, in particular, small arms/light weapons. Proliferation of SA/LW not only fuels conflict, but also disrupts development in war-ravaged regions. The following article provides an overview of SA/LW-control issues and remediation efforts. It also considers the progress of the international movement in support of an arms-trade treaty.
Oas—Aicma And Mine-Risk Education In Nicaragua, José Ramón Zepeda
Oas—Aicma And Mine-Risk Education In Nicaragua, José Ramón Zepeda
The Journal of Conventional Weapons Destruction
From 1979 to 1990, a violent internal conflict ravaged Nicaragua, leaving the country contaminated with landmines and unexploded ordnance. To help minimize the number of victims within the country, the Organization of American States’ mine-action program, Acción Integral contra las Minas Antipersonal, has been working with mine-risk education campaigns to help educate and inform communities about landmines and UXO.
Just War Theory And Explosive Remnants Of War, Eric Patterson
Just War Theory And Explosive Remnants Of War, Eric Patterson
The Journal of Conventional Weapons Destruction
For centuries, philosophers and political theorists have pondered the ethical considerations of waging war. Just War theory, expounded upon by contemporary thinkers, addresses three ethical components of war-making: the conditions for going to war, acceptable violence during combat, and the eventual resolution and remediation of conflict. These issues and their overlap with humanitarian demining and small arms/light weapons control are examined below.
Clearing The Falkland-Malvinas Islands, Robert Keeley
Clearing The Falkland-Malvinas Islands, Robert Keeley
The Journal of Conventional Weapons Destruction
Under pressure from nations around the world and in compliance with Article 5 of the Ottawa Convention, the United Kingdom has committed to demining the Falkland-Malvinas Islands despite the potential cost of demining in arelatively mine-safe area.
Comprehensive Action Against Anti-Personnel Mines: A Regional Initiative To Address Landmine Issues, Carl Case
Comprehensive Action Against Anti-Personnel Mines: A Regional Initiative To Address Landmine Issues, Carl Case
The Journal of Conventional Weapons Destruction
For more than 18 years, the Organization of American States has had a leading role in the struggle to deal with humanitarian-demining issues in South and Central America. Since the inception of the Acción Integral contra las Minas Antipersonal programs, the OAS has been involved in many aspects of mine action, bringing new hope to the region.
Icrc Weapons-Contamination Activities In Colombia, Andy Wheatley
Icrc Weapons-Contamination Activities In Colombia, Andy Wheatley
The Journal of Conventional Weapons Destruction
The International Committee of the Red Cross has been working alongside the Colombian Red Cross to ease Colombia’s weapons-contamination problem, made more difficult by ongoing conflict. By combining preventive measures, victim assistance, rehabilitation programs and economic aid, the ICRC has strengthened Colombian organizations, while educating the public and assisting those negatively affected by explosive remnants of war. The efforts of the ICRC have significantly helped Colombia where many other international organizations had found it difficult to assist because of the current political situation.
Unsung Hero: Carson Harte, Cisr Journal
Unsung Hero: Carson Harte, Cisr Journal
The Journal of Conventional Weapons Destruction
For more than 15 years, Carson Harte’s work with The Cambodia Trust has been at the core of physical-rehabilitation efforts throughout Southeast Asia, a region whose legacy of conflict has made the need for trained professionals like prosthetists and orthotists invaluable. The Cambodia Trust—a nongovernmental organization based in the United Kingdom–addresses that need, and as its Executive Director, Harte has overseen the organization’s expanding operations in Indonesi and Sri Lanka, the Democratic Republic of Timor-Leste.
Sa/Lw And The Osce Response, Jernej Cimperšek
Sa/Lw And The Osce Response, Jernej Cimperšek
The Journal of Conventional Weapons Destruction
The illegal dissemination of small arms/light weapons has recently come to the forefront of the Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe’s agenda. Through security forums and the provision of literature and physical assistance to affected countries, the OSCE is working to rid Europe of SA/LW that may potentially spread to more militant nations. Working with other international organizations such as the United Nations, the OSCE aims to encourage implementation of its Document on Small Arms and Light Weapons, drafted to address the spread of SA/LW and related issues, and to completely rid the area of dangerous arms.
Identifying Synergies Between Mine Action And Small Arms/Light Weapons, Eric Filippino
Identifying Synergies Between Mine Action And Small Arms/Light Weapons, Eric Filippino
The Journal of Conventional Weapons Destruction
Over the last few years, there has been considerable discussion around linking small arms/light weapons with mine action, although, to date, there has been little concrete exchange between the sectors at an operational level. Accordingly, the U.S. Department of State commissioned the Geneva International Centre for Humanitarian Demining to look at areas of possible synergy, resulting in the study Identifying Synergies Between Mine Action and Small Arms/Light Weapons.