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Articles 481 - 510 of 1106

Full-Text Articles in Public Affairs, Public Policy and Public Administration

Forecasting With Unbalanced Panel Data, Badi Baltagi, Long Liu Jan 2020

Forecasting With Unbalanced Panel Data, Badi Baltagi, Long Liu

Center for Policy Research

This paper derives the best linear unbiased prediction (BLUP) for an unbalanced panel data model. Starting with a simple error component regression model with unbalanced panel data and random effects, it generalizes the BLUP derived by Taub (1979) to unbalanced panels. Next it derives the BLUP for an unequally spaced panel data model with serial correlation of the AR(1) type in the remainder disturbances considered by Baltagi and Wu (1999). This in turn extends the BLUP for a panel data model with AR(1) type remainder disturbances derived by Baltagi and Li (1992) from the balanced to the unequally spaced panel …

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Nonparametric Sample Splitting, Yoonseok Lee, Yulong Wang Jan 2020

Nonparametric Sample Splitting, Yoonseok Lee, Yulong Wang

Center for Policy Research

This paper develops a threshold regression model where an unknown relationship between two variables nonparametrically determines the threshold. We allow the observations to be crosssectionally dependent so that the model can be applied to determine an unknown spatial border for sample splitting over a random field. We derive the uniform rate of convergence and the nonstandard limiting distribution of the nonparametric threshold estimator. We also obtain the root-n consistency and the asymptotic normality of the regression coefficient estimator. Our model has broad empirical relevance as illustrated by estimating the tipping point in social segregation problems as a function of demographic …

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Do Foster Care Agencies Discriminate Against Gay Couples? Evidence From A Correspondence Study, Mattie Mackenzie-Oiu, David Schwegman, Leonard M. Lopoo Jan 2020

Do Foster Care Agencies Discriminate Against Gay Couples? Evidence From A Correspondence Study, Mattie Mackenzie-Oiu, David Schwegman, Leonard M. Lopoo

Center for Policy Research

There has been considerable recent debate regarding proposed policies that would allow foster care administrators to discriminate on the basis of the sexual orientation of the foster parent. To date, however, we know very little about the level of discrimination on the basis of sexual orientation in the foster care system. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first empirical investigation to ask whether foster care agencies, the public and nonprofit firms that facilitate foster care placements, respond similarly to emails sent by fictitious same-sex and heterosexual couples who inquire about becoming foster parents. Our results suggest that …

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Inference In Threshold Models, Yoonseok Lee, Yulong Wang Jan 2020

Inference In Threshold Models, Yoonseok Lee, Yulong Wang

Center for Policy Research

This paper develops new statistical inference methods for the parameters in threshold regression models. In particular, we develop a test for homogeneity of the threshold parameter and a test for linear restrictions on the regression coefficients. The tests are built upon a transformed partial-sum process after re-ordering the observations based on the rank of the threshold variable, which recasts the crosssectional threshold problem into the time-series structural break analogue. The asymptotic distributions of the test statistics are derived using this novel approach, and the finite sample properties are studied in Monte Carlo simulations. We apply the new tests to the …

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Our Female Veterans Deserve Better Healthcare, Mariah Brennan Nanni Dec 2019

Our Female Veterans Deserve Better Healthcare, Mariah Brennan Nanni

Population Health Research Brief Series

Women represent one of the fastest growing segments of the U.S. military, but their access to comprehensive reproductive healthcare is lacking. This issue brief explains gaps in healthcare coverage for female veterans and ways to address them.

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Strategies To Build Economic Strength In Lagging Areas: Investment, Tax Incentives, Wage Subsidies, Worker Training, And Education, Michael J. Wasylenko Dec 2019

Strategies To Build Economic Strength In Lagging Areas: Investment, Tax Incentives, Wage Subsidies, Worker Training, And Education, Michael J. Wasylenko

Center for Policy Research

No abstract provided.

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Marijuana Legalization: Beyond Yes Or No., Keith Humphreys Nov 2019

Marijuana Legalization: Beyond Yes Or No., Keith Humphreys

Center for Policy Research

This paper will first go over some basic terms and concepts, then discuss what’s going on in the world around cannabis with a focus on the United States. I will then offer some policy options to consider if New York chooses to legalize recreational cannabis.

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Student Veterans: A Valuable Asset To Higher Education, Institute For Veterans And Military Families At Syracuse University Nov 2019

Student Veterans: A Valuable Asset To Higher Education, Institute For Veterans And Military Families At Syracuse University

Institute for Veterans and Military Families

We aim to spark a new discourse on how our colleges and universities view and empower student veterans, a discourse that pushes higher education past the “veteran-friendly” rhetoric to realize the long-term value of veteran students and alumni, and one that delivers upon the intended promise of the Post-9/11 GI Bill.

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The U.S. Has A Serious Shortage Of Affordable Housing, Especially For Younger And Older Adults, Sarah Mawhorter Oct 2019

The U.S. Has A Serious Shortage Of Affordable Housing, Especially For Younger And Older Adults, Sarah Mawhorter

Population Health Research Brief Series

There is a significant shortage of affordable housing throughout the US, especially for older and younger adults. This has important implications for their quality of life and health outcomes.

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Having A Disability Increases The Likelihood Of Food Insecurity Despite Federal Programs To Prevent This Hardship, Colleen Heflin, Claire Altman, Laura Rodriguez Sep 2019

Having A Disability Increases The Likelihood Of Food Insecurity Despite Federal Programs To Prevent This Hardship, Colleen Heflin, Claire Altman, Laura Rodriguez

Population Health Research Brief Series

In 2016, more than 41 million people living in the United States were food insecure. Food insecurity is more pronounced among individuals with disabilities. Work-limiting disability is associated with food insecurity in multiple ways. This research brief shows how such high rates of food insecurity among the disabled population stems from ineffective national policies the many ways in which disabilities increase risk of food insecurity.

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California Paid Family Leave And Parental Time Use, Samantha Trajkovski Sep 2019

California Paid Family Leave And Parental Time Use, Samantha Trajkovski

Center for Policy Research

Paid family leave policies are intended to help working parents fulfill their work and child care responsibilities by providing them with paid time off from work after the birth of a child. While other research has shown that paid leave policies increase leave-taking among parents, little is known about how parents of infants spend their time while they are on leave and shortly after returning to work. Using the American Heritage Time Use Study and taking a difference-in-differences approach, this paper shows that the California Paid Family Leave policy led to an additional six hours per week mothers spend on …

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Holding Hospitals Accountable? Evidence On The Effectiveness Of Minimum Charity Care Provision Laws, Michah W. Rothbart, Nara Yoon Sep 2019

Holding Hospitals Accountable? Evidence On The Effectiveness Of Minimum Charity Care Provision Laws, Michah W. Rothbart, Nara Yoon

Center for Policy Research

What can governments do to encourage nonprofit hospitals to provide greater benefits to their communities? Recent efforts by the federal and state governments seek to hold hospitals accountable for community health, in part by incentivizing charity care provision. Laws that set benchmarks for charity care spending are increasingly used, but their efficacy is uncertain. In this study, we examine the extent to which Illinois’ minimum charity care provision (MCCP) law increases nonprofit hospital charity care. Importantly, we differentiate between responses for hospitals required to provide minimal charitable spending (nonprofits) and those that are not (for-profit and public). We use detailed …

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Communities Serve: Highlights For State Government Officials, Ryan Van Slyke, Nicholas Armstrong Sep 2019

Communities Serve: Highlights For State Government Officials, Ryan Van Slyke, Nicholas Armstrong

Institute for Veterans and Military Families

This brief contains highlights for state government officials from the article "Communities Serve: A Systematic Review of Needs Assessments on U.S. Veteran and Military-Connected Populations."

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Communities Serve: Highlights For University And Academic Communities, Ryan Van Slyke, Nicholas Armstrong Sep 2019

Communities Serve: Highlights For University And Academic Communities, Ryan Van Slyke, Nicholas Armstrong

Institute for Veterans and Military Families

This brief contains highlights for university and academic communities from the article "Communities Serve: A Systematic Review of Needs Assessments on U.S. Veteran and Military-Connected Populations."

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Communities Serve: Highlights For Local And Government Officials, Ryan Van Slyke, Nicholas Armstrong Sep 2019

Communities Serve: Highlights For Local And Government Officials, Ryan Van Slyke, Nicholas Armstrong

Institute for Veterans and Military Families

This brief contains highlights for local and government officials from the article "Communities Serve: A Systematic Review of Needs Assessments on U.S. Veteran and Military-Connected Populations."

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Communities Serve: Highlights For Philanthropic And Community Organizations, Ryan Van Slyke, Nicholas Armstrong Sep 2019

Communities Serve: Highlights For Philanthropic And Community Organizations, Ryan Van Slyke, Nicholas Armstrong

Institute for Veterans and Military Families

This brief contains highlights for philanthropic and community organizations from the article "Communities Serve: A Systematic Review of Needs Assessments on U.S. Veteran and Military-Connected Populations."

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Adolescent And Young Adult Mental Health Is Better In States That Mandate More School Mental Health Policies, Stephanie Spera, Shannon M. Monnat Aug 2019

Adolescent And Young Adult Mental Health Is Better In States That Mandate More School Mental Health Policies, Stephanie Spera, Shannon M. Monnat

Population Health Research Brief Series

Mental health problems and suicide rates have increased among adolescents and young adults over the past several years. This research brief shows that adolescent and young adult mental health is better in states that mandate more school mental health policies, including school-based mental health centers, professional development in suicide prevention, and social-emotional curricula.

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Innovation In State Level Veterans Services: A Comprehensive Review, Case Highlights, And An Agenda For Enhanced State Impact, Zachary Huitink, Nicholas Armstrong, Nathaniel Birnbaum, Ryan Van Slyke Aug 2019

Innovation In State Level Veterans Services: A Comprehensive Review, Case Highlights, And An Agenda For Enhanced State Impact, Zachary Huitink, Nicholas Armstrong, Nathaniel Birnbaum, Ryan Van Slyke

Institute for Veterans and Military Families

This technical report provides a comprehensive analysis of all 50 states. It gives insight into leading practices in veteran service delivery, describes how innovative policy is diffusing across state governments, and highlights ten of the top states in providing services to veterans at the state level.

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How School Aid In New York State Penalizes Black And Hispanic Students, John Yinger Aug 2019

How School Aid In New York State Penalizes Black And Hispanic Students, John Yinger

Center for Policy Research

It’s Elementary is a series of essays on topics in education and education policy. The main focus is on education finance in New York State, but general research findings in education and education policy issues in several other states are also discussed. John Yinger, Professor of Economics and Public Administration at the Maxwell School, Syracuse University is the author of most of these essays, although a few are written by or co-authored with other scholars.

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The Impact Of Bmi On Mental Health: Further Evidence From Genetic Markers, Vikesh Amin, Carlos A. Flores, Alfonso Flores-Lagunes Aug 2019

The Impact Of Bmi On Mental Health: Further Evidence From Genetic Markers, Vikesh Amin, Carlos A. Flores, Alfonso Flores-Lagunes

Center for Policy Research

We examine the relationship between body mass index (BMI) and mental health for young adults and elderly individuals using data from the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent Health and the Health & Retirement Study. While ordinary least squares (OLS) estimates show that BMI is significantly associated with worse mental health in both young adulthood and old age, they are likely to be confounded by (i) unobserved factors that affect both BMI and mental health and (ii) reverse causality. To tackle confounding, we take two complementary approaches. First, we use a polygenic score for BMI as an instrumental variable (IV) and …

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How New York State Stole $20 Billion From School Children In New York City, Part 2, John Yinger Jul 2019

How New York State Stole $20 Billion From School Children In New York City, Part 2, John Yinger

Center for Policy Research

It’s Elementary is a series of essays on topics in education and education policy. The main focus is on education finance in New York State, but general research findings in education and education policy issues in several other states are also discussed. John Yinger, Professor of Economics and Public Administration at the Maxwell School, Syracuse University is the author of most of these essays, although a few are written by or co-authored with other scholars.

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How Equitable Is The Education Finance System In New York State?, John Yinger Jul 2019

How Equitable Is The Education Finance System In New York State?, John Yinger

Center for Policy Research

This policy brief provides an overview and evaluation of the education finance system in New York State. The brief addresses four broad topics: student performance disparities in New York State, the nature of the New York State education finance system, the contributions of the New York foundation aid formula to educational equity, and the benefits to all taxpayers in New York State from education finance reform.

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Food Assistance May Help Families Prevent Emergency Department Visits For Child Asthma, Colleen Heflin Jun 2019

Food Assistance May Help Families Prevent Emergency Department Visits For Child Asthma, Colleen Heflin

Population Health Research Brief Series

Childhood asthma is the leading cause of emergency department visits for children under the age of 15 in the U.S. Food insecurity may increase a child’s risk for developing asthma. This research brief shows that higher SNAP benefits are associated with fewer asthma –related emergency department visits.

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How New York State Stole $20 Billion From School Children In New York City, John Yinger Jun 2019

How New York State Stole $20 Billion From School Children In New York City, John Yinger

Center for Policy Research

It’s Elementary is a series of essays on topics in education and education policy. The main focus is on education finance in New York State, but general research findings in education and education policy issues in several other states are also discussed. John Yinger, Professor of Economics and Public Administration at the Maxwell School, Syracuse University is the author of most of these essays, although a few are written by or co-authored with other scholars.

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Veteran Employment/Entrepreneurship Landscape: San Antonio-New Braunfels Metro Area, Rosalinda V. Maury, Brice M. Stone, Nicholas J. Armstrong, Misty Stutsman-Fox Jun 2019

Veteran Employment/Entrepreneurship Landscape: San Antonio-New Braunfels Metro Area, Rosalinda V. Maury, Brice M. Stone, Nicholas J. Armstrong, Misty Stutsman-Fox

Institute for Veterans and Military Families

A targeted analysis of veteran entrepreneurial activity in the San Antonio/New Braunfels Metro Area that helps understand aspects about veteran business ownership and how to better support VOBs.

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The Impact Of Tmf Initiatives On Thriving And Well-Being -- Travis Manion Foundation Character & Leadership Course Pilot Evaluation Report, Keoki Spaulding, Bonnie Chapman Beers May 2019

The Impact Of Tmf Initiatives On Thriving And Well-Being -- Travis Manion Foundation Character & Leadership Course Pilot Evaluation Report, Keoki Spaulding, Bonnie Chapman Beers

Institute for Veterans and Military Families

The Institute for Veteran and Military Families (IVMF) conducted a pilot evaluation of Travis Manion Foundation’s Character Does Matter (CDM) program. The evaluation measured the impact of character and leadership education for youth—aged 12-18-- and identified key factors in a student’s success. Additionally, this evaluation identified areas to improve to maximize the impact for youth. Pilot survey data suggests the program has a positive effect on young adults’ attitudes toward both positive and negative behaviors. We found that that school aged young adults who participated in a CDM program had significant increases in caring, educational expectations, and prosocial attitudes. In …

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The Impact Of Tmf Initiatives On Thriving And Well-Being -- Technical Report, Bonnie Chapman Beers, Keoki Spaulding May 2019

The Impact Of Tmf Initiatives On Thriving And Well-Being -- Technical Report, Bonnie Chapman Beers, Keoki Spaulding

Institute for Veterans and Military Families

The Institute for Veterans and Military Families (IVMF) conducted an evaluation to assess the effectiveness of Travis Manion Foundation (TMF) initiatives on improving the level of thriving and well-being among participating veterans, families of the fallen, and civilian members. For this study, the evaluation team used the Brief Inventory of Thriving (BIT) scale to determine the effect that program participation may have on individual thriving and well-being, in addition to supplementary questions about health, leadership, and community engagement. These measures were deployed as part of TMF’s first Annual Survey. Across 5 TMF programs, the IVMF evaluation found that participating in …

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Veteran Employment/Entrepreneurship Landscape: Washington D.C. Area, Institute For Veterans And Military Families At Syracuse University May 2019

Veteran Employment/Entrepreneurship Landscape: Washington D.C. Area, Institute For Veterans And Military Families At Syracuse University

Institute for Veterans and Military Families

A targeted analysis of veteran entrepreneurial activity in the Washington Area that helps understand aspects about veteran business ownership and how to better support VOBs.

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Veteran Employment/Entrepreneurship Landscape: Atlanta Metro Area, Rosalinda V. Maury, Brice M. Stone, Misty Stutsman-Fox, Nicholas Armstrong May 2019

Veteran Employment/Entrepreneurship Landscape: Atlanta Metro Area, Rosalinda V. Maury, Brice M. Stone, Misty Stutsman-Fox, Nicholas Armstrong

Institute for Veterans and Military Families

A targeted analysis of veteran entrepreneurial activity in the Atlanta Metro Area that helps understand aspects about veteran business ownership and how to better support VOBs.

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The Effects Of Eitc Exposure In Childhood On Marriage And Early Childbearing, Katherine Michelmore, Leonard M. Lopoo Apr 2019

The Effects Of Eitc Exposure In Childhood On Marriage And Early Childbearing, Katherine Michelmore, Leonard M. Lopoo

Center for Policy Research

This study analyzes the effect of exposure to the Earned Income Tax Credit (EITC) in childhood on marriage and childbearing in early adulthood. Results suggest that exposure in childhood leads women to delay marriage and first births in early adulthood (ages 18-25), but not men. These results have implications for the well-being of both individuals exposed to the EITC in childhood as well as their future children. In addition, because childless adults cannot claim the EITC until age 25, our back-ofthe-envelope calculations suggest that these delays likely save up to $199 million annually in social welfare costs.

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