Public Affairs, Public Policy and Public Administration Commons^™

The Journey Toward Sustainability: Positive Impact Of Environmental, Social, And Governance Index On Transportation., Doreen Mcgunagle, Laura Zizka, Ron Mau, Patti Clark

Publications

The transportation industry has been criticized for its hefty environmental footprint, questionable social practices, and lack of transparency regarding governance. Thus, more companies have begun including Environmental, Social, and Governance (ESG) issues in their strategies. Research has shown that effectively integrating ESG into business models can improve financial performance by tackling environmental, social, and governance challenges. This sustainable progress can be quantified by considering the extent to which the products or services produced by the firm’s harm or benefit social welfare. The current research paper examines ESG and financial performance over time in the Transportation Industry by comparing data from …

Political Turbulence And Aviation Safety: A Cross-National Analysis Of Political Stability's Effects On Aviation Accidents, Léa Faure, Lilliam Maria Cáceres Malachowski

Journal of Aviation/Aerospace Education & Research

To what extent does political stability affect aviation safety? This research aims to link domestic political conditions and public safety through the consideration of aviation accident frequency. Political instability can indeed have profound effects on reducing overall public safety in a variety of domains through its influence on public policies. Reduced regulations and governance efforts can appear in contentious contexts for less-prioritized fields. This could influence the reemergence of technical aviation risk factors like crew training and performance, maintenance issues, infrastructure problems, human errors, etc. This would highlight a correlation between such political instability and weaker aviation safety regulations, investments …

Factors Contributing To Fatalities In Helicopter Emergency Medical Service Accidents, Jenna Korentsides, Joseph R. Keebler, Mihhail Berezovski, Alex Chaparro

Publications

INTRODUCTION: T his study aimed to update and reinforce previous research on helicopter emergency medical service accidents in the United States. By investigating predictors of fatalities after helicopter emergency medical service crashes through the application of machine learning techniques, we updated existing data sets and sought to uncover patterns that traditional analysis might not reveal.

METHODS: Using the National Transportation Safety Board database, the authors analyzed a dataset of 267 helicopter emergency medical service accidents between 1991–2022. We first calculated fatalities odds ratios for each condition. We then plotted geospatial locations of all reported accidents. Finally, we used XGBoost regression …

Protect Small Businesses: Addressing Security Threats And Insider Risks, Alan Saquella

Publications

Small businesses face unique security challenges that make them highly vulnerable compared to larger organizations. While large companies often have dedicated teams of cybersecurity experts, fraud examiners, investigators and the resources to implement robust security measures, small businesses typically operate with limited budgets and minimal staff, making them prime targets for a variety of internal and external threats.

Understanding The Plastic Issue (Poster Presentation), Regan Bossie, Peter Nguyen, John Mcswiggin, Adam Meadows

Sustainability Conference

The Plastic-Free Campus Initiative is an Embry-Riddle initiative advocating for the reduction and elimination of single-use plastics on the Daytona Beach campus.

Our poster presentation aims to highlight current issues and concerns by presenting plastic production trends, quantifying how plastic pollution has affected global ecosystems, and discussing the material characteristics of plastics and their consequences. The poster will provide an overview of the current state of global recycling and will outline key concerns that microplastics, and plastics in general, pose to public health. By presenting the current facts and concerns related to plastic and recycling, we hope to encourage individuals …

A Workplace Security Framework: Mitigating Employee-Related Threats, Alan Saquella

Publications

In the modern discussion on workplace security, the focus often centers around preventing active shootings and violence stemming from terminated or disgruntled employees. The article “Publicly Humiliating Events: A Precursor to Workplace Violence” by Karie Gibson, Lauren Brubaker and Andre Simons rightly highlights the crucial role that public humiliation plays in triggering such violent acts. However, beyond the immediate threat of homicide, there exists a broader spectrum of potential risks posed by former employees, including acts of sabotage, espionage, vandalism and cyberattacks, all of which demand attention and proactive measures from security professionals.

Strengthening National Infrastructure Resilience, Alan Saquella

Publications

The current landscape of critical infrastructure organizations is undergoing a paradigm shift, characterized by dynamic workforce structures that include remote, hybrid and diverse work settings, alongside generational transformations. However, this shift presents a formidable challenge — the persistent and escalating threat of insider attacks. Reports estimating the cost per insider threat incident at over $15 million underscore the urgency for a broad and thorough approach encompassing prevention, mitigation, investigation and reporting mechanisms.

A Double Taboo? An Exploratory Study Of Mental Health Perceptions Amongst Black Aerospace Professionals, Theodore W. Johnson Ph.D., Arlean Timmons, Kenisha V. Ford, Harriet Sanya

National Training Aircraft Symposium (NTAS)

This exploratory study delves into the often-overlooked realm of mental health perceptions among Black aerospace professionals, shedding light on a double taboo within a historically stigmatized industry and community. In response to the escalating mental health crisis in the U.S. and scarcity of research focusing exclusively on the mental health experiences of Black aerospace professionals, this research endeavors to uncover their unique perspectives.

The findings from the study indicate that Black aerospace professionals navigate not only the universal challenges of mental health but also complex socio-cultural and workplace factors, such as discrimination, underrepresentation, and the historic reluctance to discuss mental …

High Times, Higher Stakes: Mental Health Impacts In New Recreational Marijuana Legal Landscape, Jason T. Lorenzon J.D., Chris Pezalla, Diana Semilia

National Training Aircraft Symposium (NTAS)

This presentation delves into the societal and mental health consequences arising from the increasing trend of legalizing recreational marijuana. Specifically, we will examine the potential normalization of unconventional behavior among aviation college students, who may grapple with substance use challenges due to stress, sleep difficulties, and the demands of college life. Given the rigorous nature of flight training, prioritizing the mental well-being of pilots becomes imperative.

With the recent legalization of recreational marijuana in Ohio, this presentation integrates insights from Diana Semilia's 2022 study on Kent State Flight Students Ages 19-26. The study's objective was to extract practical recommendations applicable …

Strengthening National Infrastructure Resilience: A Strategy For Addressing The Evolving Challenge Of Insider Threats, Alan Saquella

Publications

The current landscape of critical infrastructure organizations is undergoing a paradigm shift, characterized by dynamic workforce structures that include remote, hybrid, and diverse work settings, alongside generational transformations. However, this shift presents a formidable challenge—the persistent and escalating threat of insider threats and attacks. Reports estimating the cost per insider threat incident at over $15 million underscore the urgency for a broad and thorough approach encompassing prevention, mitigation, investigation, and reporting mechanisms.

Assessing Past Airworthiness Directives And How Safety Management Systems May Benefit Aviation Product Design And Manufacturing, Damon Lercel, Manoj Patankar, Richard Steckel

Journal of Aviation/Aerospace Education & Research

The European Union Aviation Safety Agency (EASA) continues to promulgate Safety Management Systems (SMS) across aviation organizations when it recently issued SMS requirements for EASA certificated Part 145 maintenance, repair and overhaul (MRO) organizations and Part 21 Design & Manufacturing (D&M) organizations. Currently, the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) has no such rule in place for these U.S.-based organizations, which may challenge those doing business in countries where EASA policies apply. Given that a majority of the United States’ D&M and MRO population is made up of smaller organizations, it is likely a U.S. SMS regulation will require justification of the …

Rachel Carson's Silent Spring: Pioneering Environmental Policy Change, Katherine Hoffsetz

Sustainability Conference

Rachel Carson's groundbreaking book, Silent Spring, published in 1962, serves as a pivotal moment in the history of environmental advocacy. The book exposed the consequences of pesticide use on ecosystems and called for a reevaluation of human impact on the environment. This research project aims to comprehensively analyze the profound and enduring impact of Carson's work on environmental public policy. The research employs a literature review and analysis of legislation to trace the influence of Silent Spring on environmental advocacy in the government. A correlation is revealed between the release of Silent Spring and the enactment of key environmental …

5 Strategies For Advocating For A Security Budget Increase, Alan Saquella

Publications

In the ever-evolving landscape of security threats, Chief Security Officers (CSOs) in global corporations are encountering an unprecedented array of challenges when it comes to fortifying their organizations against potential harm.

To bolster the case for budget increases, it is imperative for CSOs to possess a profound understanding of the multifaceted factors contributing to security breaches.

Advancements In Technology Empower Loss Prevention Professionals In Security Investigations, Alan Saquella

Publications

In recent years, the field of security investigations has witnessed a profound transformation, owing to the rapid integration of technology. Loss Prevention professionals have been at the forefront of this revolution, harnessing advanced tools and capabilities that have greatly enhanced their effectiveness in preventing and resolving criminal activities. This article explores how the use of technology, including drones, cameras, AI, video analytics, and intelligence software, has reshaped security investigations and how staying on the cutting edge of these advancements is crucial for the future of this field.

The Varied Landscape Of Consumer Fraud, Alan Saquella

Publications

In today's interconnected world, consumer fraud remains a persistent threat that can have far-reaching consequences for individuals and their financial well-being. While these insights are relatively current, it's essential to acknowledge that specific numbers and trends may have.

The Importance Of Security Leadership Involvement In Crisis Response Practice For Real-Life Emergencies, Alan Saquella

Publications

In today’s dynamic business and socioeconomic landscape, the potential for crises to disrupt entity operations and tarnish reputations is an ever-present reality. From natural disasters and cyber-attacks to financial meltdowns and product recalls, organizations must be unwaveringly prepared to navigate worst-case scenarios effectively. Crisis management and crisis communication experts unequivocally stress the critical importance of practicing responses to such crises, and the involvement of security leadership plays a crucial role in ensuring comprehensive preparedness. In this article, we delve into the undeniable advantages of preparing for real-life emergencies through rigorous simulation and training with the active engagement of security leadership.

The Significance Of Executive Protection In Collaborative Crisis Management Planning, Alan Saquella

Publications

In today’s dynamic and unpredictable business landscape, organizations face numerous potential crises that can disrupt operations and damage their reputation. To effectively mitigate the adverse impact of such events, organizations must consider executive protection as a crucial component of their crisis management planning. This article emphasizes the importance of collaborative crisis management planning, highlighting the critical role of executive protection in ensuring business continuity.

Executive Protection And Identity Theft Recognition, Prevention And Mitigation, Alan Saquella

Publications

In today’s digital age, where the threat of identity theft looms large, executive protection professionals play a crucial role in safeguarding the lives and assets of their clients. Beyond their primary responsibility of physical protection, EP professionals should look for opportunities to educate their clients on the risks of identity theft and fraud. These threats have become increasingly pervasive and sophisticated in today’s society, making it essential for individuals to be well-informed and prepared.

Photography In Executive Protection, Alan Saquella

Publications

Photography plays a crucial and multifaceted role in the field of executive protection, encompassing a range of applications that contribute to the development of threat assessments, security plans, real-time surveillance, incident documentation, and training. The use of photography as a visual tool enables executive protection professionals to identify vulnerabilities, monitor potential threats, gather evidence, and improve their overall protective strategies. One of the key applications of photography in executive protection is the identification and monitoring of individuals who may pose a threat to the client.

Surveillance Technology Today, Alan Saquella

Publications

Surveillance technology has evolved dramatically in recent years, enabling surveillance to become more sophisticated and complex. With drones, facial recognition software, and other advanced tools, surveillance has become more challenging for the subjects to detect, making it a formidable force. However, these advancements have raised concerns about privacy violations, disproportionate levels of surveillance and harassment, and the potential for suppression of free speech in authoritarian regimes. To strike a balance between privacy and security, it is crucial for both those who use surveillance and those who are being monitored to understand the capabilities and limitations of surveillance systems.

A Conceptual Frame For Us Counterterrorism Policy: Examining The Effectiveness Against Al Qaeda And Its Associates Prior To 9/11, "Tod" Thomas Patrick Brown

Publications

The United States (US) has been engaged in a “war on terrorism” to “defeat” al Qaeda since 2001. This study presented and tested an over-arching conceptual framework for US Counterterrorism (CT) policy. The conceptual frame was tested using qualitative thematic analysis of archival records from the Reagan through Clinton era. The research also used a case study of al Qaeda as the context to bound the selected records for the study. This new conceptual frame was used to evaluate the success, failure, and effects of US CT policy activities related to al Qaeda, using the records identified for the study. …

Investigative Interviews – A Refresher For Investigators, Alan Saquella

Publications

Whether you are interviewing a suspect, witness, or victim, let us review some basic reminders to make your investigative interviews more productive and successful in obtaining factual and truthful information.

To start understanding yourself.

Check your personal biases and prejudices at the door. Going in with your mind ready and set on a conclusion can lead you down the wrong path and waste valuable time.

Internal And Security Investigations Today, Alan Saquella

Publications

Years of experience and discussions with colleagues in the corporate investigative field agree that internal and employee investigations can be disruptive to the work environment. Many workplace investigations are conducted are incredibly unsettling due to an extensive list of challenges, circles, and processes to follow. Security investigations are time consuming, expensive, embarrassing for interviewees, cause loss of productivity, and damage morale as they drag on.

Analysis Of The Emerging Pilot Workforce, James Birdsong, Kurt Reesman

National Training Aircraft Symposium (NTAS)

The pilot workforce grew by approximately 20,000 pilots between 2011 – 2019 before shedding almost 6,500 jobs in 2020 due to COVID-19. Long-term forecasts predict industry recovery and growth and the need for robust pilot hiring since approximately 50% of today’s pilot workforce will meet the mandatory retirement age within 15 years.

The current workforce consists of four generations, with the youngest (Generation Z) just beginning to join the airline ranks. The oldest generation (Baby Boomers) will be exiting the workforce within ten years, leaving three generations (Generations X, Y, and Z), two of which have spent their entire lives …

Public Opinion Concerning The Siting Of Vertiports, David C. Ison

International Journal of Aviation, Aeronautics, and Aerospace

This study sought a better understanding of public opinion about the siting of vertiports to support Advanced Air Mobility (AAM). An online survey was used to collect the necessary data. The survey was divided into seven sections: personal impacts, community impacts, acceptable proximity, benefits and concerns, flight operations, open-ended comments, and demographics. The findings for personal impacts suggested a slightly positive outlook. Community impacts were assessed, and data also indicated a marginally positive outlook. The survey revealed that a tolerable average distance between the home of the respondent and a vertiport was between one to two miles. Opinions about the …

Security Investigations: A Professional's Guide, Alan Saquella, Larry Nicholson

Publications

From the forward:

"Security Investigations A Professional’s Guide has been expertly crafted to equip both novices and experienced investigators with the essential knowledge and skill to excel in the field of investigations. Whether aiming for a career in law enforcement, private investigations, corporate security, or you are simply interested in unraveling mysteries, this book will serve as your ultimate companion on the journey to becoming a proficient investigator."

Chapters 1 and 2 are presented here.

Racially Motivated Police Brutality Is A Community Public Health Issue In The United States, Darrell Norman Burrell, Sharon L. Burton, Grace E. Mcgrath

Publications

Ongoing global protests against police violence and racism were heightened in 2020 after the deaths of Breana Taylor and George Floyd, whose deaths made headlines worldwide and raised awareness of the Black Lives Matter movement, which targets structural racism and violence against Black people in the USA and abroad. There are many documented links between policing and health-related outcomes, including but not limited to fatal injuries that increase population-specific mortality rates, adverse physiological responses that increase morbidity, psychological stress, arrests, incarcerations, and legal, medical, and funeral bills that cause socioeconomic deprivation, poor school performance, incomplete high-school education and not entering …

Armed And Unarmed Drone Perception In Conflict Zones, Nazish Chunara

Student Works

Regions across the globe that are impacted by conflict are often the recipients of both armed and unarmed drones. These dual-use systems blur the boundary between military and civilian objectives. The goal of this literature review is to understand the scope of research conducted in conflict zones from the perspective of the civilian. Civilian includes resident, visitor, and worker. A gap in the available literature has been identified within the context of dual-use systems, conflict zones, and the civilian perspective.

Public Acceptance Of Medical Screening Recommendations, Safety Risks, And Implied Liabilities Requirements For Space Flight Participation, Cory J. Trunkhill

Doctoral Dissertations and Master's Theses

The space tourism industry is preparing to send space flight participants on orbital and suborbital flights. Space flight participants are not professional astronauts and are not subject to the rules and guidelines covering space flight crewmembers. This research addresses public acceptance of current Federal Aviation Administration guidance and regulations as designated for civil participation in human space flight.

The research utilized an ordinal linear regression analysis of survey data to explore the public acceptance of the current medical screening recommended guidance and the regulations for safety risk and implied liability for space flight participation. Independent variables constituted participant demographic representations …

An Empirical Study Of The Evolution Of Homeland Security Definitions And The Public Perception Of Homeland Security, Alexander Siedschlag, Andrea Jerković

Publications

Objectives

• To introduce results from a currently conducted empirical study (quantitative systematic review) of the evolution of official homeland security definitions from related federal strategies, frameworks, guidelines, the QHSRs, enterprise agencies’ FY strategic plans, and related documents.

• To identify continuing and changing ingredients of the sprouting public policy and strategy definition of homeland security.

• To compare those findings to the development of the public perception of homeland security and how people would define the term, using the example of Pennsylvania, with our multi-year poll study of residents’ perception of homeland security.

Utility

• While valuable analyses of …