Public Affairs, Public Policy and Public Administration Commons^™

Designing And Operating Safe And Secure Transit Systems: Assessing Current Practices In The United States And Abroad, Mti Report 04-05, Brian D. Taylor, Anastasia Loukaitou-Sideris, Robin Liggett, Camille Fink, Martin Wachs, Ellen Cavanagh, Christopher Cherry, Peter J. Haas

Mineta Transportation Institute

Public transit systems around the world have for decades served as a principal venue for terrorist acts. Today, transit security is widely viewed as an important public policy issue and is a high priority at most large transit systems and at smaller systems operating in large metropolitan areas. Research on transit security in the United States has mushroomed since 9/11; this study is part of that new wave of research. This study contributes to our understanding of transit security by (1) reviewing and synthesizing nearly all previously published research on transit terrorism; (2) conducting detailed case studies of transit systems …

High-Speed Rail Projects In The United States: Identifying The Elements For Success-Part 1, Mti Report 05-01, Allison L. C. De Cerreno, Daniel M. Evans, Howard Permut

Mineta Transportation Institute

For almost half a century, high-speed ground transportation (HSGT) has held the promise of fast, convenient, and environmentally sound travel for distances between 40 and 600 miles. While a number of HSGT systems have been developed and deployed in Asia and Europe, none has come close to being implemented in the United States. Yet this is not for lack of trying. There have been several efforts around the country, most of which have failed, some of which are still in the early stages, and a few of which might come to pass.

The goal of this study was to identify …

Common Fare: An Example Of “Blanket” Rates In Hawai’I Waterborne Trade, Henry S. Marcus, H David Bess, Michael E. Valdez

Journal of Transportation Management

Blanket” rate structures apply uniform rates to a geographical region in spite of differences in the costs of carrying the goods. They are generally utilized by carriers to achieve some strategic objective, whether rate simplification, to be more competitive, or to meet some political objectives. While blanket rates are common in land transportation, the Hawai’i waterborne trade offers a unique example of this pricing mechanism. Further, given new and potential competitive factors in this trade, this is a unique case study for those interested in transportation pricing and the economic impacts of changes in the competitive struct ure in an …

Perceptual Differences Between Shippers And Motor Carriers Regarding The Importance Of Carrier Selection Criteria, Shane R. Premeaux, Lonnie Phelps

Journal of Transportation Management

The primary focus of this study is the identification of significant differences in the assessment of the importance of 36 carrier selection variables by both carriers and shippers. This study is based on the original 1992 investigation. Currently, statistically significant differences resulted between shipper and carrier mean ratings for nine of the thirty-six selection criteria. In the original study, there were significant differences for nineteen of thirty-five selection variables. The rating and ranking discrepancies in this study indicate that shippers and carriers do not classify the importance of some selection variables similarly, but carrier understanding seems to be improving. Carriers …

Dispatching Continuous Moves, David Ronen

Journal of Transportation Management

Continuous Moves (CM) is a term coined by the trucking industry. This paper defines CM’s, classifies them and discusses their economies. A unifying mathematical optimization model for dispatching orders is then presented. The model selects the best way to dispatch each and every order, whether as a part of a CM or not. However, the model does consider all the feasible types of CM’s. Practical aspects associated with implementing CM’s are also discussed.

The Global Supply Chain: Challenges And Solutions, Carol J. Johnson, Paul Nuzum

Journal of Transportation Management

While there have been independent examinations of several of the changes that affect the supply chain, to date there has been little in the way of studies that holistically examine the changes facing front line supply chain managers today and the solutions they have implemented to address those changes. Supply chain executives have been interviewed in depth to better understand how manufacturing or distribution network changes, technology implementation, corporate re-structuring and/or increasing customer demands have been addressed in the field. An understanding of the challenges and successes faced by Global 1000 firms as they address these changes should help others …

Carrier Selection Criteria: Differences Among Truckload Motor Carrier Offerings, John L. Kent, Carlo D. Smith

Journal of Transportation Management

Effective customer service begins with an understanding of the service components customers’ view as most important to their operations and business success. Within the transportation industry research has investigated the importance of such criteria at an industry level. This article offers detailed rankings of service criteria priority from a shipper’s perspective by comparing criteria across five types of motor carrier offerings including dry van, temperature controlled, intermodal, tank, and flatbed. Results identify the ranked importance of 20 service characteristics, common themes, and distinct differences in the importance of service criteria among the alternative supplier offerings.

Third National Transportation Security Summit: Rail Security – A Symposium Onterrorism And Business Continuity, Mti Report S-05-02, Mti

Mineta Transportation Institute

This event is one in a series of research and information transfer symposia on transportation security best practices presented by the National Transportation Security Center (NTSC) at the Mineta Transportation Institute (MTI). The symposium was held in conjunction with the American Public Transportation Association (APTA) Annual Meeting in Dallas, Texas, on September 29, 2005. With a focus on operational security and business continuity for rail transportation systems in the event of terrorist act or cataclysmic natural disaster, this one-day symposium brought together transportation, security, emergency response, and business continuity management experts. Symposium presenters included Brian Michael Jenkins, Jeanne Lin, Dr. …

Privatization Of Space Ventures: Proposing A Proven Regulatory Theory For Future Extraterrestral Appropriation, Jonathan Thomas

Brigham Young University International Law & Management Review

No abstract provided.

Dispatching Vehicles In A Mega Container Terminal, Ebru K. Bish, Frank Y. Chen, Thin Yin Leong, Barry L. Nelson, Jonathan W. C. Ng, David Simchi-Levi

Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems

We consider a container terminal discharging and uploading containers to and from ships. The discharged containers are stored at prespecified storage locations in the terminal yard. Containers are moved between the ship area and the yard using a fleet of vehicles, each of which can carry one container at a time. The problem is to dispatch vehicles to the containers so as to minimize the total time it takes to serve a ship, which is the total time it takes to discharge all containers from the ship and upload new containers onto the ship. We develop easily implementable heuristic algorithms …

Effects Of Comprehensive Plan Amendments On Interchange Traffic In Oregon, James G. Strathman, Thomas J. Kimpel, Paul Roland Leistner, Kenneth Dueker

Center for Urban Studies Publications and Reports

In this paper we examine the effects of amendments to local comprehensive plans on interchange performance. Plan amendments over a 15-year period in Oregon resulting in changes to industrial or commercial land use were reviewed to identify those that occurred within one mile of an interchange. Regression analysis was then performed to estimate the impact of nearby plan amendments on subsequent interchange ADT. Plan amendments were found to have a substantial ADT effect on rural interchanges, but their incidence was very limited. In urban core areas, the estimated effect of plan amendments was negligible, possibly due to interchange congestion or …

Highway Interchanges, Transportation And Land Use: An Exploration Of Changes In Transportation Volumes And Land Use Factors Within Interchange Catchments, Matthew Hampton

Geography Masters Research Papers

Highway interchanges provide the interface for and moderate access to the surface street system and help control congestion. Understanding the relationship between land use and transportation near highway interchanges can help to direct resources where they are most needed to maintain the integrity of the adjacent road system. This paper characterizes and ranks highway interchange areas in the Portland, OR Metropolitan Planning Organization (MPO) area with respect to changes in traffic volume and determines what factors are associated with these impacts. This study compares the transportation, population and land use patterns around 78 highways and freeway interchanges over two time …

The Impact Of Telecommuter Rail Cars On Modal Choice, Mti Report 04-01, James C. Hayton

Mineta Transportation Institute

Telecommuter technologies on rail cars enable a traveler on public transit to access the Internet, thereby enhancing the ability to work while traveling to and from work. This technology brings new opportunities for employers to expand their potential labor pool and for employees to shift the costs of work-related travel. Research into more “traditional” forms of telecommuting arrangements such as working from home, a dedicated telecenter, or while traveling on business has found numerous benefits for society, employers, and employees. The present study asks to what extent does the opportunity to engage in paid work while commuting to and from …

Bus In The Fast Lane: A Forum On Bus Rapid Transit In The Bay Area, Mti Report F-04-01, Mineta Transportation Institute

Mineta Transportation Institute

Bus Rapid Transit planning, development, and implementation in the San Francisco Bay Area was the subject of this public forum held November 12, 2004 in Oakland, California. It was another in a series of Mineta Transportation Institute Hot-Spot Forums designed to explore controversial topics and help participants reach consensus. Steve Heminger, Executive Director of the Metropolitan Transportation Commission, delivered the keynote address which placed Bus Rapid Transit development in context with regional long-range transportation goals. A panel of transportation planners and elected officials reviewed the challenges and responses to the Alameda County Congestion Management Agency SMART Corridors Rapid Bus project …

Fifth National Garrett Morgan Sustainable Transportation Symposium,Mti Report S-05-01, Mineta Transportation Institute

Mineta Transportation Institute

The Mineta Transportation Institute brought together experts in surface transportation and students from elementary, middle, and high schools to discuss sustainable transportation topics on May 9, 2005. The goal was to introduce the students to transportation-related careers and to inspire them to pursue the academic curriculae that would lead to success in those careers. Students from Maryland, Virginia, and California participated in a videoconference, during which they heard a keynote statement from the U.S. Secretary of Transportation Norman Y. Mineta. The students also presented project proposals for innovative transportation alternatives during the videoconference. The presentations were followed by a moderator-led …

Interrelationships Of Workplace Relocations, Residential Relocations And Commuting Patterns, Chansung Kim

Dissertations and Theses

During the past few decades, the populations of many U.S. and European cities have shown the same residence and workplace mobility patterns: Annually, approximately 10 percent of the population changed residences and approximately 20 percent of employed workers changed workplaces within the same metropolitan area. According to a U.K. transportation panel survey, annually, about 20 percent of commuters changed their commute mode.

Even though the Seattle metropolitan region experienced a substantial amount of residential and workplace mobility and a boom in employment and population in the 1990s, the morning commute time and distance was roughly constant. To explain this situation, …

Financing America’S Roads: The Past Is Prologue, Michael J. Gravier, M Theodore Farris Ii

Journal of Transportation Management

This article provides a historical perspective of American roadway financing. It explores revenue collection and expenditures at the federal, state, and local governmental levels. Accounting practices of the Highway Trust Fund are discussed including the enactment of the Truth in Budgeting Act to shift revenue collection closer to a direct-user tax. Factors affecting roadway tax revenues are identified and the impact of increasing taxes is discussed. Four key considerations which will continue to shape roadway revenue collection are identified.

Regulatory Perspectives Of The Air Express Industry, Kian Chuan Chang, Mark Brian Debowski

Journal of Transportation Management

In its early days, the international air express industry was synonymous with on-board couriers, carrying bags of documents on commercial flights. The industry has changed dramatically. That initial focus on documents has widened into the transport of packages and freight, carried by fleets of fully owned or dedicated aircraft, trucks, trains and delivery vans. The bulk of the business is dominated by 24-hour guaranteed and next-day deliveries. “Every day, hundreds of thousands of employees serve the distribution needs of an increasing number of businesses worldwide from one region to another” (European Express Association, 2002). The express companies are also making …

The Importance Of Logistics Capability In The E-Commerce Market, Jay Joong-Kun Cho, John Ozment

Journal of Transportation Management

This research is focused on the importance of logistics capability and its effect on firm performance in the e-commerce market. Technology-based net companies are known to have poor business network and infrastructure compared to resource-based traditional non-net based companies. A multiple-item logistics capability measurement scale is used to measure logistics capability of the firm. Firm performance is also measured by multiple items. The results indicate that logistics capability has a positive relationship with firm performance and this relationship is stronger for net based firms than for non-net based firms. Logistics capability is perceived as the firm’s critical capability in providing …

A Longitudinal Analysis Of The Journal Of Transportation Management: 1996 - 2004, Jerry W. Wilson, Cindy H. Randall

Journal of Transportation Management

The first issue of the Journal of Transportation Management (JTM) was published in the Fall of 1989. This new publication was to provide an outlet for research and writing of a practical nature, of direct benefit to logistics and transportation managers and their firms. Since that first issue, the Journal has weathered three sets of editorial staff that have collectively produced sixteen full or partial volumes. This article provides some of the history of the JTM and an analysis of some of the characteristics of its contributors during the tenure of its third and current editor, Jerry Wilson.

Using Active Learning To Enhance Supply Chain Knowledge, Joe B. Hanna, Brian J. Gibson, Randall Chapman

Journal of Transportation Management

The constantly evolving logistics discipline confronts practitioners with the challenge of keeping pace with the many advancements in the field. The authors examine ways in which logistics trainers may be able to improve their ability to effectively convey knowledge to logistics practitioners by supplementing the traditional lecture-based approaches with active learning exercises. The results of a recently conducted survey detailing current usage levels and approaches of active learning exercises, specifically simulations, by logistics educators is then presented. The paper also summarizes comments from individual simulation participants after they have completed a training experience designed to immerse them in a real …

Promoting Safe Mobility Among Elders By Increasing Awareness Of Vehicle Modifications (Executive Summary), Elizabeth Van Ranst, Nina M. Silverstein, Alison S. Gottlieb

Gerontology Institute Publications

This research project looks at one strategy to address the safety of older drivers, vehicular modifications. Specifically, a video demonstrating low-tech, low-cost features that may alleviate some driving challenges was produced to determine whether viewing the video would increase awareness of and motivation to use those features. Prochaska and DiClemente’s Transtheoretical Model of intentional behavioral change provides the theoretical framework for this study. This model posits five stages of change, a continuum over which the individual becomes more receptive to taking action.

Impacts Of Trip Permit Program Changes On Vehicle Operations And Inspections, Jennifer Dill

Urban Studies and Planning Faculty Publications and Presentations

This research project has two inter-related parts: (1) an assessment of the equity of implications of the emissions inspection program in the State of Oregon and elsewhere; and (2) an assessment of the impacts of the new trip permit program on vehicle operations. The study provides a better understanding of the benefits and equity impacts of the inspection program and the recent change to the trip permit system. The findings will be of use to Oregon, as well as all public agencies that oversee vehicle inspection programs throughout the country. The research includes specific recommendations for addressing equity concerns and …

Analysis Of Transit Signal Priority Using Archived Trimet Bus Dispatch System Data, Thomas J. Kimpel, James G. Strathman, Robert L. Bertini, Steve Callas

Center for Urban Studies Publications and Reports

This paper presents findings on changes in bus running times, on-time performance, and excess passenger wait times following implementation of transit signal priority in select bus corridors in the Portland metropolitan region. Analysis of the effectiveness of transit signal priority is often undertaken using simulation techniques or empirical studies that are either limited in scope and/or data availability. The present research uses an abundance of trip-level data collected from TriMet’s Bus Dispatch System. The study focuses on the most common performance measures of interest to both transit operators and passengers. Our study shows that the expected benefits of TSP are …

Report Of The Committee On Fare Review Mechanism, Sock Yong Phang

Research Collection School Of Economics

Today, public transport fares are reviewed annually and adjustments, if any, are capped by the “CPI + X” formula, where CPI is the change in the Consumer Price Index over the previous year and X accounts for the net effect of wage changes after deducting productivity gains. For the period from 2001 to 2005, X was determined to be 1.5%. While this mechanism has worked well in keeping public transport fares affordable, the formula lacks transparency and is not easily understood by the general public. Commuters often question the need for the “X” element given that the public transport operators …

Public Policy In Connecticut: Challenges And Perspectives, Gary L. Rose Ed.

Sacred Heart University Press Books

Public Policy in Connecticut examines ten of the key policy challenges that currently confront Connecticut lawmakers. Following an overview essay by the editor, discussing the recent transfer of power to state governments and outlining the policy challenges faced by lawmakers, each of these challenges is taken up in a separate essay by the volume's contributors. The first challenges considered, associated with economic growth, transportation, environmental protection, ethnic diversity, and ethics in politics, affect the Connecticut public at large. The remaining issues discussed are health care, services for the aged, prison overcrowding and recidivism, inner-city education, and higher education affect more …

Public Participation In Transportation: An Emperical Test For Authentic Participation, Jorge Cesar Figueredo

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

This dissertation examines the public participation activities of State Departments of Transportation (SDOTs) in the United States. A review of existing literature and legal frameworks suggests that an "authentic" public participation results when dimensions of representativeness, use of public inputs, interactiveness, and quality of citizen inputs have been achieved. The study sought to identify conditions that serve as measurements that must presumably be satisfied for authenticity to exist in public participation. The result was a Model of Authentic Public Participation that served as the basis for creation of a new four-tiered methodology to assess the performance of these districts relative …

Participation: A Model Of Individual Willingness To Participate In The Transportation Planning Process, Michael Neidhart

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

This study sought to identify the key determinants that lead individuals to participate in the transportation planning process. Two models of participation, one for the short-term and another for the long-term, were developed to test whether the key internal and external determinants are responsible for influencing a person's willingness to participate. The data for this study came from a mail-back survey that was administered to a random sample of 570 individuals throughout the State of Florida for a response rate of 37.37 percent. The results indicate that the internal motivational determinants exert more influence on a person's short-term willingness to …

Modeling Of Commercial Maritime Port Recoverability From Security Disruptions: Work-In-Progress, C. Ariel Pinto, Wayne K. Talley

Engineering Management & Systems Engineering Faculty Publications

This article describes active research in commercial maritime port's recovery from security disruptions which explores the synergy of economic and simulation models in investigating the recoverability of ports after security incidents. Previous study has identified decision variables and throughput simulation models of port operation. However, none of these models have been utilized to investigate port's recovery from a security disruption and in evaluating recoverability investments. The method of research includes analysis of recorded disruptions, identification of impediments to recovery and investment criteria for recoverability. This article provides managers insight into including security and continuity of operation in managing various types …

Social Marketing Applications And Transportation Demand Management: An Information Instrument For The 21st Century, Enda Mcgovern

WCBT Faculty Publications

Concern has been expressed by planners and policy-makers that the “add capacity” strategy used in building more roads to resolve traffic-induced problems is no longer a feasible option. This article explores private transport behavior in understanding how users can be persuaded to adopt a more blended approach (i.e., integrating car, public transportation, and alternative modes on a daily basis). The research methodology adopted focus groups and travel diaries in presenting a number of social marketing message appeals aimed at inducing a change in participants’ travel behaviors. While weaknesses are identified in the social marketing materials, this research concludes that social …