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Articles 1 - 13 of 13
Full-Text Articles in Cognitive Psychology
Fostering The Development Of Domain-General, Nonlinear Mental Models: A Foundation For Systemic Thinking, Jeffrey S. Sinn
Fostering The Development Of Domain-General, Nonlinear Mental Models: A Foundation For Systemic Thinking, Jeffrey S. Sinn
Psychology Theses & Dissertations
Two experiments examined whether people can develop a domain-general, nonlinear mental model when provided with an appropriate conceptual model. Both experiments presented causal loop models (i.e., variables connected in a circle by arrows representing causal relationships) as a conceptual model for positive feedback. Study 1 found that participants trained in causal loop modeling could accurately represent scenarios of low but not high complexity. Study 2 expanded on the design of Study 1 by varying the type of training and type of aid presented during testing. Participants received training with modeling instruction, training with cue-utilization instruction (i.e., participants were trained to …
Structural Equation Modeling Of Attitudes Toward Employment Testing, Laura Susan Hamil
Structural Equation Modeling Of Attitudes Toward Employment Testing, Laura Susan Hamil
Psychology Theses & Dissertations
This research investigated the relationships among past testing experiences, testing attitudes, perceptions of test performance, race, and gender. In addition, the effects of testing information on testing attitudes were studied. Two hundred and twelve applicants to a variety of positions in a large telecommunications company were asked to complete a series of questionnaires before and after employment testing. The questionnaires included measures of testing experience, general and specific testing attitudes, and perceptions of test performance. Scores on the employment test were also obtained as a measure of cognitive ability. Of the 212 participants, half were given a brochure to read …
The Measurement Of Mood Variation Over Time And Its Relation To Career Decision-Making Self-Efficacy In Young Adolescents, William Thomas Pinkston
The Measurement Of Mood Variation Over Time And Its Relation To Career Decision-Making Self-Efficacy In Young Adolescents, William Thomas Pinkston
Theses and Dissertations in Urban Services - Urban Education
Variation in mood states over time and the relationship between mood states and career decision making self-efficacy in young adolescents were investigated using the Profile of Mood States (POMS), the Multiple Affect Adjective Check List - Revised (MAACL-R), the Rotter's IE locus of control test, and the Career Planning Confidence Scale (CPCS). These tests were administered twice a week for six weeks. A correlational analysis was performed. The results showed a higher correlation between mood state measures as the subjects' moods varied over time than between either mood measure and locus of control which did not covary with either of …
The Effects Of Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy On Anxiety Among The Elderly In A Nursing Home Setting, Lawrence David Parker
The Effects Of Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy On Anxiety Among The Elderly In A Nursing Home Setting, Lawrence David Parker
Theses, Dissertations and Capstones
This study evaluated the effects of cognitive-behavioral therapy on the severity of anxiety among the elderly in a nursing home setting. Eighteen adults were involved in the research. The Beck Anxiety Inventory (BDI) was used for a pre-test, post-test, and delayed post-test measures. The results of the t-test indicated a significant difference between the pre-test and the post-test measures in the experimental group. The significant difference was not, however, maintained over time. The results of t-test between the pre-test delayed post-test for the experimental group was non-significant. The results of the study suggested that cognitive-behavioral therapy training did have a …
The Predictive Accuracy Of The Violent Offender Treatment Program Risk Assessment Scale, Ann Ward
The Predictive Accuracy Of The Violent Offender Treatment Program Risk Assessment Scale, Ann Ward
Theses : Honours
Current methods for screening violent offenders for program eligibility are expensive and time consuming. Developers of the Violent Offender Treatment Program (VOTP) have designed 2 brief and economical instrument to screen offenders for program eligibility. The present study was undertaken to assess the reliability and predictive accuracy of the VOTP Risk Assessment Scale (RAS). An inter-rater reliability of 20 court histories attained a mean kappa of .8 I. The RAS was applied to court histories of 202 violent offenders released between 1985 and 1987. A I 0-year follow-up of convictions for violent behaviour yielded a 47~ base rate. Receiver Operating …
The Effect Of Masking The Prime In Orthographic And Semantically Related Pairs : An Interactive Activation Account, Rowan Johnston
The Effect Of Masking The Prime In Orthographic And Semantically Related Pairs : An Interactive Activation Account, Rowan Johnston
Theses : Honours
Visual word recognition studies rely on priming tasks to examine underlying processes within the lexical system. A commonly used method is the lexical decision task, where participants are presented with a letter string that is either a familiar word or a meaningless non word such as fost. Response times are measured for the time taken to decide if the letter string is a word or a non word. The word the participant responds to is the target, while the preceding word is referred to as the prime. There are three types of priming conditions reported here. First, semantic priming where …
Security Decay: The Erosion Of Effective Security, Shawn A. Mcclure
Security Decay: The Erosion Of Effective Security, Shawn A. Mcclure
Theses : Honours
The discipline of security lacks formal conceptual tools which can be used by security managers, advisers and consultants when attempting to provide effective security. This is because of security's relative age as a discipline, it is very new. The aim of the thesis was to contribute to the security discipline by taking Underwood's ( 1989) idea of security decay and to a certain extent exploring and formalising it. The security decay theory is primarily concerned with the influence apathy has on security and how management react to risk materialisation when decay is evident. The thesis focused on the first of …
Anxiety Sensitivity And Panic Among College Students: Cognition, Emotion, And Somatic Symptoms, Carla Lynn Messenger
Anxiety Sensitivity And Panic Among College Students: Cognition, Emotion, And Somatic Symptoms, Carla Lynn Messenger
Dissertations, Theses, and Masters Projects
No abstract provided.
The Effects Of Self-Care Training On The Self-Concept, Self-Care Behavior, And Metabolic Control Of Diabetic Children, Caryle Hopkins Zorumski
The Effects Of Self-Care Training On The Self-Concept, Self-Care Behavior, And Metabolic Control Of Diabetic Children, Caryle Hopkins Zorumski
Dissertations, Theses, and Masters Projects
The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of self-care training on the self-concept, self-care behavior, and metabolic control of diabetic children. The author hoped to obtain information to help improve training programs for children with diabetes.;Forty-nine diabetic children, ages eight to 13, participated in the study as they received basic self-care training from their physicians. Twenty-seven of the children also attended a week long summer day camp where they received additional instruction in diabetes self-care.;The subjects completed the Self-Perception Profile for Children and the Self-Care Questionnaire two times at a four month interval to measure their self-concept …
Animal Memory Processes For Number And Time: Pigeons, Methamphetamine, And The Internal Clock Model, James W. Coyle
Animal Memory Processes For Number And Time: Pigeons, Methamphetamine, And The Internal Clock Model, James W. Coyle
Theses and Dissertations (Comprehensive)
The mode-control model of counting and timing (Meek & Church, 1983) suggests that discriminations based on number and time may be controlled by the same internal clock mechanism. In Experiment 1, two groups of pigeons were initially trained to perform delayed symbolic matching-to-sample (DSMTS) at a 5s fixed baseline delay, with sample stimuli that consisted of sequences of flashing light. Testing was conducted with a range of delays (0, 2.5, 5, 7.5, and 10s). In the Number Group, control by number was established by varying the number of flashes while holding time constant. In the Time Group, control by time, …
Application Of The Remember/Know Judgement Paradigm To Eyewitness Stimuli, P. Michael Appavoo
Application Of The Remember/Know Judgement Paradigm To Eyewitness Stimuli, P. Michael Appavoo
Theses and Dissertations (Comprehensive)
The ability to gauge the accuracy of eyewitnesses’ recall of a crime scene is of great investigative importance. Previous research has shown that outright confidence judgements may not be a very reliable method of assessing witnesses’ recall accuracy. The purpose of the present research was to apply the Remember/Know judgement paradigm to eyewitnesses’ recall in the hopes of finding a more effective technique for judging accuracy. In this paradigm individuals are asked to make judgements about each recalled item in terms of whether they specifically Remember the item (including context and time of presentation), as opposed to simply having a …
Assessing Process Dissociation Procedure And Implicit Memory Estimates Of Automatic Retrieval For A Retention Interval Manipulation, Daryl E. Wilson
Assessing Process Dissociation Procedure And Implicit Memory Estimates Of Automatic Retrieval For A Retention Interval Manipulation, Daryl E. Wilson
Theses and Dissertations (Comprehensive)
Results from standard implicit memory tests suggest that automatic retrieval decreases or remains relatively stable over time, whereas results from the process dissociation procedure (PDP) suggest that automatic retrieval may actually increase over time. Advocates of the PDP view, have suggested that this incongruity results from contamination of the implicit tests by intentional retrieval, whereas the PDP provides a valid index of automatic retrieval. In contrast, new results from a speeded implicit memory test suggest that the standard implicit memory tests provide reasonable estimates of automatic retrieval, but that the PDP underestimates automatic retrieval at a short retention interval when …
Age Differences In Implicit Memory Tests, Penny Kathleen Poisson
Age Differences In Implicit Memory Tests, Penny Kathleen Poisson
Theses and Dissertations (Comprehensive)
Evidence concerning age differences on perceptual implicit memory tests has been inconsistent, with some studies showing no age effects and others showing reduced priming in older adults. Recently, research on implicit tests that focus more on the semantic features of words has typically shown no reliable age effect on priming scores. In the present study we examined the pattern of age effects on a conceptual (general knowledge) and a perceptual (word stem completion) implicit test Explicit memory performance was measured using cued word recall and fact recall tests. The nature of the encoding task used for each test was also …