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Articles 1 - 30 of 198
Full-Text Articles in Clinical Psychology
Religion And Ptsd In Puerto Rico Natural Disaster Survivors, Abraham Reynolds
Religion And Ptsd In Puerto Rico Natural Disaster Survivors, Abraham Reynolds
Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects
Religious coping can influence recovery from natural disaster trauma. Participants were recruited from a religiously sponsored university in Puerto Rico, affected by several natural disasters between 2017 and 2020, using an online survey. A significant relationship was found between negative religious coping and changes in mood and cognition, mediated by the effect of worthiness of self. Results indicate that negative religious coping may adversely influence an individual’s view of self and increase PTSD-related changes in mood and cognition. If clinicians only examine a client’s view of self, they may miss the influence of negative religious coping.
Cultural And Psychological Predictors Of Exercise-Treatment Adherence And Hba1c For People With Type 2 Diabetes, Connor M. Nance
Cultural And Psychological Predictors Of Exercise-Treatment Adherence And Hba1c For People With Type 2 Diabetes, Connor M. Nance
Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects
Guided by the theoretical framework of Betancourt’s integrative model The aim of this study is to examine the relations among sociodemographic, cultural beliefs (i.e., cultural inhibitors of exercise), diabetes social support, and psychological factors (i.e., exercise self-efficacy, diabetes distress), as predictors of treatment adherence (biological and self-reported frequency) in a diverse population with Type-II Diabetes. It was hypothesized that: (1) cultural inhibitors of exercise and diabetes social support would predict exercise treatment adherence directly and/or indirectly via exercise self-efficacy; and (2) diabetes social support would predict HbA1c via the direct and/or indirect effect of diabetes distress. Findings suggest that both …
Neurofeedback Training For Attentional Processing In Anxious Individuals, Caleb Benjamin Barcenas
Neurofeedback Training For Attentional Processing In Anxious Individuals, Caleb Benjamin Barcenas
Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects
The current study assessed the effectiveness of neurofeedback training for reducing anxiety symptoms and improving attention and response control in adults with self-reported anxiety. This paper presents a review of an archival database of a sample of individuals with reported attention concerns who received 20 to 40 neurofeedback training sessions at a university outpatient clinic. Participants were administered and completed the Integrated Visual and Auditory – Version 2 (IVA-2) Continuous Performance Test (CPT) and the General Well-Being Schedule (GWBS) before and after the intervention. Findings showed that participants significantly improved their scores on the Full Scale Attention Quotient (FAQ) and …
Body Dissatisfaction, Verbal Commentary, Social Influences And Cigarette Smoking, Nicole Bennett
Body Dissatisfaction, Verbal Commentary, Social Influences And Cigarette Smoking, Nicole Bennett
Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects
In the United States, about a quarter of adolescent girls report clinical levels of body dissatisfaction, and approximately 15% of adults smoke cigarettes. Body dissatisfaction can predict the development of an eating disorder, and smoking is linked with dozens of diseases, both of which can lead to premature death. The current study tested body dissatisfaction as a mediator of the relationship between frequency of positive verbal commentary and smoking, and the relationship between sociocultural influences (perceived family, peer, media, and significant other pressures) and smoking, while controlling for body mass index. Participants included 397 female undergraduates (Mean age = 20.32) …
Factors Related To Cognitive Reserve In Healthy Older Adults, Ann Tram Nguyen
Factors Related To Cognitive Reserve In Healthy Older Adults, Ann Tram Nguyen
Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects
Background. Physical and cognitive impairments are two of the most prevalent age-related conditions, with evidence that both factors interact prior to or concurrently with the earliest detectable stages of cognitive impairment. Cognitive reserve (CR) allows an individual to cope more successfully with age-related brain and functional changes and is associated with better cognitive function and reduced risk of cognitive decline. However, it remains unclear to date the specific roles of individual markers of CR, and whether or not this relationship is modified by genetic risk (ApoE-4 genotype) and/or physical function. Method. We assessed cognitive functioning (global cognition, psychomotor …
Therapists’ Willingness To Access Client Social Media Accounts In The Context Of Suicide Risk, Jacob A. Vermeersch
Therapists’ Willingness To Access Client Social Media Accounts In The Context Of Suicide Risk, Jacob A. Vermeersch
Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects
The past two decades has seen a proliferation of social media use, leading to a growing body of research on the potential utility for clinical contexts. In the current study, we examine willingness of psychologists to utilize client social media to inform suicide risk-assessment and risk-related treatment decisions, and the ethical principles they used to guide their considerations. Participants were asked of the likelihood they would engage in 1) a social media-informed risk assessment, where the therapist uses client social media to inform their initial determination of risk level, and 2) a digital welfare check, where the therapist accesses an …
Chronic Disease And Its Relationship With Elder Mistreatment, Ryan Wong
Chronic Disease And Its Relationship With Elder Mistreatment, Ryan Wong
Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects
The relationship between chronic disease and elder mistreatment was investigated using a meta-analytic approach, where 48 studies were utilized for the random effects analysis of 178 effect size data. Twelve risk markers were combined into four categories: endocrine disease, heart disease, neurological disease, and other chronic diseases for comparative analysis of elder mistreatment. Neurological disease (OR = 1.51) was found to have a significantly stronger association with elder mistreatment when compared to the heart disease category (OR = 1.17) and the other chronic disease category (OR = 1.26). When specifically investigating emotional abuse, there was a significantly stronger association with …
Program Evaluation On The Kids First Program, Katherine E. Yamauchi
Program Evaluation On The Kids First Program, Katherine E. Yamauchi
Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects
This study is a program evaluation of the Kids First program, an eight-week psychoeducation program, on parents and children who have experienced a divorce and/or separation. This study was conducted to assess the usefulness of specific program interventions as it relates to parental insight, co-parenting, and child adjustment. A descriptive analysis was conducted to examine results of the evaluations. Results indicated over 85% of the sample rated program satisfaction as moderately or very valuable, suggesting parents gained some knowledge and saw value in the program. Results also endorsed 95% of parents moderately or highly valued the effectiveness of the program’s …
The Development Of A Therapeutic Alliance Focused Intervention, Amanda L. Mendez
The Development Of A Therapeutic Alliance Focused Intervention, Amanda L. Mendez
Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects
The therapeutic working alliance is defined as the collaborative relationship between the therapist and the patient. This relationship largely determines whether the patient experiences therapy as helpful or unhelpful in reaching their agreed upon goals. The relationship between the therapeutic alliance and psychotherapy outcome has been well documented in the literature. The therapeutic alliance is considered a “main curative component” in the interpersonal process of therapy, and is the foundation necessary for successful therapy outcomes across various orientations of psychotherapy. Still, far less research has examined the relationship between specific therapist personality characteristics and the quality of the therapeutic alliance. …
Stage 2 Outpatient Adolescent Recovery (Soar) Program Family Therapy Manual, Sarah Yelim Nam An
Stage 2 Outpatient Adolescent Recovery (Soar) Program Family Therapy Manual, Sarah Yelim Nam An
Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects
Rising suicide rates among adolescents is a serious public health concern. The frequency of self-injurious thoughts and behaviors drastically increases in the transition from childhood to adolescence (Nock et al., 2008; Nock et al., 2013). Suicide was the third highest cause of death between 1999-2006 for adolescents between the ages of 12 and 19, following unintentional deaths and homicide (Miniño, 2010). Despite the growing problem of adolescent suicide, treatments that meet Level One criteria, the highest level of research support for therapy as defined by the American Psychological Association (APA, 2006), are lacking. Dialectical Behavioral Therapy for Adolescents (DBT-A), a …
The Effects Of A Polyphenol-Rich Diet In A Fruit-Fly Model Of Traumatic Brain Injury, Alexandra D. Trofimova
The Effects Of A Polyphenol-Rich Diet In A Fruit-Fly Model Of Traumatic Brain Injury, Alexandra D. Trofimova
Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a leading cause of death in the United States. Inflammation and oxidative stress activated by the TBI can lead to systemic inflammation. Gastrointestinal complications are common secondary injuries to TBI and are associated with elevated levels of common pro-inflammatory cytokines and oxidative stress found across the body. Intestinal permeability after TBI has also been established in the fruit fly, Drosophila melanogaster. Pomegranate polyphenols have strong anti-inflammatory properties that may reduce brain and intestinal inflammation and improve functioning after TBI. This study examined the protective effects of pomegranate polyphenol supplementation in a Drosophila model of TBI. …
Soar (Stage 2 Outpatient Adolescent Recovery) Clinical Interview Manual, Aniel Ponce
Soar (Stage 2 Outpatient Adolescent Recovery) Clinical Interview Manual, Aniel Ponce
Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects
The SOAR (Stage 2 Outpatient Adolescent Recovery) initial interview treatment manual was developed at Loma Linda Behavioral Health Institute (BHI) to assess adolescent participants enrolled in a Dialectical Behavioral Therapy for Adolescents (DBT-A) Program and appropriately place them in a treatment group that would meet their mental health needs effectively. The interview manual was developed to address concerns regarding readiness of individuals enrolled in a Stage 1 DBT-A program in progressing into Stage 2 of treatment. In this interview manual, a clinical intake interview and four assessment measures are used to inform group placement in either the Refine and Improve …
Religious Doubt As A Mediator Of The Relationship Between Religious Identity And Well-Being, Jedd P. Alejandro
Religious Doubt As A Mediator Of The Relationship Between Religious Identity And Well-Being, Jedd P. Alejandro
Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects
The successful development of an identity is related to greater well-being (Beyers & Luyckx, 2016; Crocetti, 2017; Kroger & Marcia, 2011; Luyckx et al., 2013; Ritchie et al., 2013). Identity development is likely influenced by religious doubt associated with conflicts or contradictions between religion and other domains, such as science (Cook, Kimball, Leonard, & Boyatzis, 2014; Puffer et al., 2008; Ritchie et al., 2013). The aim of the current study was to examine religious doubt as a mediator of the relationship between identity and well-being among emerging adults. Participants (N = 122) included undergraduate students who identified as Christian. Participants …
Mediators Of The Relationship Between Mindfulness And E-Cigarette Use, Denise Dao Tran
Mediators Of The Relationship Between Mindfulness And E-Cigarette Use, Denise Dao Tran
Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects
E-cigarettes have increased in popularity and production over the years. Although many individuals believe that e-cigarettes are safe for use, there is increasing evidence that e-cigarette use is associated with negative health consequences. Mindfulness is negatively associated with substance use including traditional cigarette smoking. Although there is limited research on the relationship between mindfulness and e-cigarette use, research on the relationship between mindfulness and traditional cigarette smoking may serve as a guide for e-cigarette use research. The objective of the present study is to test whether mindfulness is a protective factor against e-cigarette use through its effect on variables that …
An Examination Of The Neural Basis Of Self-Reflectivity In Schizophrenia, Britan M. Heavrin
An Examination Of The Neural Basis Of Self-Reflectivity In Schizophrenia, Britan M. Heavrin
Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects
Metacognition is a term that refers to the act of thinking about thinking. The self-reflective aspect of metacognition specifically, has been shown to be impaired in patients diagnosed with schizophrenia. The Default Mode Network (DMN) is a set of cortical regions that demonstrate coordinated activation during the resting state of the brain. The DMN has been linked with various aspects of self-awareness and has been hypothesized as a possible source of dysfunction in patients diagnosed with schizophrenia. The current study bridged these findings by using electrophysiological measures to investigate the neural basis of self-reflectivity in a psychiatric group. A Repeated …
Adverse Childhood Experiences And Depressive Symptoms: Protective Effects Of Dietary Flavonoids, Alison Tan
Adverse Childhood Experiences And Depressive Symptoms: Protective Effects Of Dietary Flavonoids, Alison Tan
Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects
The Adverse Childhood Experiences (ACEs) researchers report that childhood adversity is relatively common, often co-occurs with multiple types of exposures, and has a dose-response relationship to many leading causes of morbidity and mortality in the U.S. Prolonged exposure to stress during early brain development can lead to inflammation and oxidative stress that disrupts brain functioning associated with depressive symptoms. Flavonoids may protect the brain through anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and additional mechanisms to assist in the survival, maintenance, and growth of neurons. Thus, flavonoids may buffer depressive symptoms after ACEs exposure. In the current longitudinal study, we will examine the relationship between …
Nonsexual Boundary Crossings In Psychotherapy: Factors In Ethical Decision-Making, Katherine S. H. Wu
Nonsexual Boundary Crossings In Psychotherapy: Factors In Ethical Decision-Making, Katherine S. H. Wu
Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects
Seminal ethics studies in psychology have evidenced significant variance among practitioners in their ethical attitudes toward and engagement in various nonsexual boundary crossings; they have also identified therapist and client factors that account for some of that variance (Borys & Pope, 1989; Pope, Tabachnick, & Keith-Spiegel, 1987). Boundary crossings, as defined by Gutheil and Gabbard (1993), are deviations from common clinical practices that are not necessarily unethical. Examples of traditional crossings include nonsexual touch and nonsexual multiple relationships. This study was designed to update the literature regarding nonsexual boundary crossings in light of contemporary study designs and demographic categories, significant …
Sociocultural Pressures, Thin Ideal Internalization, Body Appreciation, & Eating Pathology In Women, Gabriela Joanna Bolivar
Sociocultural Pressures, Thin Ideal Internalization, Body Appreciation, & Eating Pathology In Women, Gabriela Joanna Bolivar
Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects
Sociocultural appearance pressures (i.e. family, peers, media) are linked to thin ideal internalization and body dissatisfaction, key risk factors for eating disorders in young adult women (Rodgers, McLean, & Paxton, 2015). However, positive body image, specifically body appreciation, has not been explored in the relationship between sociocultural appearance pressures, thin ideal internalization, and eating pathology. The aims of the present study were to examine the structural relations among sociocultural appearance pressures (family, peer, media), thin ideal internalization, body appreciation, and eating pathology, as well as to examine the mediating role of body appreciation in the relationship between thin ideal internalization …
Comparison Of Neurofeedback Treatment On Ptsd Symptoms Within Military And Non-Military Populations, Lelah S. Villalpando
Comparison Of Neurofeedback Treatment On Ptsd Symptoms Within Military And Non-Military Populations, Lelah S. Villalpando
Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects
Novel, effective, and accessible therapeutic interventions for treating Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) symptoms are in demand given the significant physical and psychosocial impairment associated with the disorder. Although PTSD is largely treated using various forms of cognitive behavioral therapy, treatment-resistance, or non-response, rates continue to remain high. Research has shown that talk-therapies can often trigger the limbic system, keeping it in a continual state of fight or flight. Consequently, many trauma survivors are motivated to consider alternative treatments for PTSD, such as artifact corrected EEG neurofeedback training, shifting the primary focus of the intervention away from the emotional part of …
Exploring The Effects Of Age In A Drosophila Melanogaster Model Of Traumatic Brain Injury, Andrea Maria Briseño
Exploring The Effects Of Age In A Drosophila Melanogaster Model Of Traumatic Brain Injury, Andrea Maria Briseño
Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is one of the leading causes of death worldwide and can lead to immediate and long-term behavioral, physical, and cognitive deficits. Our laboratory has previously characterized the neuropathological and behavioral consequences of mild-to-severe TBI in rodents of varying ages. To develop a high-throughput platform upon which to test the effects of therapeutic interventions, we have recently begun to assess behavior and physiological parameters in a Drosophila melanogaster (fruit fly) model using a simple spring-loaded high impact trauma (HIT) device as a model of blunt force trauma. Drosophila (young, middle, and old) received either TBI or a …
Fatalism And Pain Experience In Hispanic And Non-Hispanic White Patients With Chronic Pain, Esmeralda Ibette Nuñez
Fatalism And Pain Experience In Hispanic And Non-Hispanic White Patients With Chronic Pain, Esmeralda Ibette Nuñez
Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects
The purpose of this dissertation was to explore fatalistic beliefs about pain among Hispanic and Non-Hispanic White (NHW) patients with chronic pain in order to assess the assertion that fatalism is a uniquely important cultural determinant of pain experience among Hispanics. Hypotheses were that across both Hispanic and NHW patients, lower socioeconomic status and lack of access to a usual source of healthcare for chronic pain, rather than ethnicity, would relate to greater pain fatalism. Secondly, it was hypothesized that greater pain fatalism would relate to higher pain severity and pain interference for both groups. Pearson product-moment correlations were used …
Body Dissatisfaction, Perceived Smoking Consequences, And Weight Control Smoking, Samantha N. Martinez
Body Dissatisfaction, Perceived Smoking Consequences, And Weight Control Smoking, Samantha N. Martinez
Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects
Eating disorders are a significant public health concern affecting approximately 8 million individuals in the United States, with women suffering at disproportionate rates. Eating disorders have been associated with a variety of negative health behaviors, including smoking. Despite an overall decrease in smoking prevalence, smoking rates remain high among females with eating disorders. The current study explored the role that perceived consequences of smoking related to appetite/weight control plays in moderating the relationship between body dissatisfaction, which is a risk factor for the development of an eating disorder, and weight control smoking, controlling for the effects of race/ethnicity smoking status, …
The Complexity Of The Bilingual Experience: Linguistic Variables Predict Cognition In Older Adults, K'Dee D. Elsen
The Complexity Of The Bilingual Experience: Linguistic Variables Predict Cognition In Older Adults, K'Dee D. Elsen
Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects
Background: It has been estimated that more than half of the world’s population is bilingual. With the rates of bilingualism exponentially growing, researchers have been increasingly interested in the effects of bilingualism on the brain. Although the literature continues to expand, it remains limited in its understanding of how the complex bilingual experience impacts cognition. Objective: The current study, therefore, will focus on investigating how the bilingual experience affects cognition, specifically the cognitive domains of executive functioning and linguistic processing within an older adult population. Methods: Participants were 144 healthy older adults (67% female) between the ages …
Education And Social Support As Mediators Of Function And Cognition In Patients With Schizophrenia, Spring Flores Johnson
Education And Social Support As Mediators Of Function And Cognition In Patients With Schizophrenia, Spring Flores Johnson
Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects
Schizophrenia affects an estimated 1% of the population worldwide and the devastating symptoms impact a patient’s daily functioning, social and interpersonal relationships, cognitive abilities, and overall quality of life (American Psychiatric Association, 2000). Additionally, patients with schizophrenia can struggle to maintain employment and live independently due to low cognitive ability and functional capacity. Given the pervasive and deleterious impact of schizophrenia, it is imperative to address the functional toll this diagnosis can have on those suffering with the disorder to develop helpful strategies that increase functional capability. The goal of this study is to determine the impact symptom severity has …
The Relationship Between Cognitive Function And Activities Of Daily Living, Pamela V. Lorenzo
The Relationship Between Cognitive Function And Activities Of Daily Living, Pamela V. Lorenzo
Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects
Dementia is a cognitive disorder that can be caused by several underlying diseases, including Alzheimer’s disease and vascular disease. Dementia is not only characterized by declines in cognition, but is also associated with declines in instrumental and basic activities of daily living (ADLs). Cognitive decline generally begins prior to any declines in ADLs, and as cognitive impairments progress, the ability to independently perform ADLs begins to decline as well. Accurate assessment of ADL functioning, though critical to the diagnosis of dementia, can be difficult with the use of self-report measures. One objective measure of ADLs is the Functional Independence Measure …
Religious Orientation, Social Identity, And Reactions To Religious Disaffiliation, Alexander Daniel Larson
Religious Orientation, Social Identity, And Reactions To Religious Disaffiliation, Alexander Daniel Larson
Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects
Researchers are noting that within the past two decades Americans are increasingly identifying as nonreligious and are reporting an awareness of the secularization of American life. Many individuals who no longer identify as religious and leave their religious communities, called religious disaffiliates, report being shunned and negatively judged by fellow church members, and research suggests that church members often make negative attributions towards religious disaffiliates. Within the context of the Seventh-day Adventist church, Ryan Bell’s recent public process of religious disaffiliation, the Year Without God, sparked a wide range of reactions from Christians nationwide. The current research aimed to add …
The Relationship Between Psychotherapist Personality And Therapeutic Alliance, Michael Finlay
The Relationship Between Psychotherapist Personality And Therapeutic Alliance, Michael Finlay
Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects
Time-limited effective psychotherapy is a topic that is frequently addressed in clinical therapy research. Though a wide range of therapeutic factors, expectancy effects, techniques, and extratherapeutic have all been demonstrated to be related to outcome, researchers have consistently identified the therapeutic alliance as one of the strongest factors in predicting psychotherapy outcomes. Researchers are beginning to measure the effectiveness of therapy by evaluating improvements in outcome measures, and client reported therapeutic alliance. Researchers have recently began investigating the common personality profiles among psychotherapists, and have hypothesized that there is a relationship between psychotherapist personality and therapeutic alliance. The goal of …
The Role Of Therapeutic Processes Within Mbsr For Parents Of Children With Developmental Delays, Grant Griffin Boostrom
The Role Of Therapeutic Processes Within Mbsr For Parents Of Children With Developmental Delays, Grant Griffin Boostrom
Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects
Parents of children with developmental delays (DD) report higher levels of stress than parents of typically developing children, and Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction (MBSR) has proven effective at reducing stress in parents of children with DD. However, therapeutic processes that have been shown to be responsible for therapeutic change across treatment modalities have not been investigated within this context. This pilot study utilizes archival data from two phases of the Mindful Awareness for Parenting Stress Project to investigate the role of therapeutic processes within a MBSR intervention for parents of children with DD. Results indicated that therapeutic process variables were not …
An Empirical Examination Of Doctoral Training Models In Clinical Psychology In The United States, Katherine E. Dautenhahn
An Empirical Examination Of Doctoral Training Models In Clinical Psychology In The United States, Katherine E. Dautenhahn
Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects
Since as early as 1908, psychology as a discipline has grappled with how to integrate research and practice into the field’s professional identity. To further define the area of expertise of a psychologist, three main models of clinical training have been proposed: the scientist-practitioner model, the practitioner-scholar model, and the clinical scientist model. Despite clinical psychology’s universal claim for empirical moorings, the debate about the foundation of training in clinical psychology has remained primarily theoretical. The purpose of this study is to expand upon the limited research exploring the differences between training models to empirically determine which factors significantly predicted …
Effects Of Emotional Content On Working Memory Updating: Proactive Interference And Resolution, Maria Guadalupe Corona
Effects Of Emotional Content On Working Memory Updating: Proactive Interference And Resolution, Maria Guadalupe Corona
Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects
The working memory (WM) system refers to the structures and processes supporting the encoding, maintenance, manipulation, and retrieval of information to be used for goal-directed behavior. Proactive interference (PI) is often experienced when information to be processed shares physical properties with information that is no longer relevant. The working memory system may then process such information less efficiently (i.e., slower processing time) and less accurately, and control processes involved in interference resolution become triggered in order to maintain performance. The current study investigated the effects of emotional content on interference resolution by using a working memory updating paradigm. Specifically, an …