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Articles 1 - 30 of 98
Full-Text Articles in Clinical Psychology
Feasibility And Acceptability Of A Pediatric Primary Care Physician Training For Anxiety Screening And Psychoeducation, Julie A. Wojtaszek
Feasibility And Acceptability Of A Pediatric Primary Care Physician Training For Anxiety Screening And Psychoeducation, Julie A. Wojtaszek
Master's Theses and Doctoral Dissertations
Anxiety is one of the most prevalent psychological conditions in the pediatric population with significant impacts that often extend into adulthood. Pediatricians are in a unique position to screen and briefly intervene to facilitate early treatment and prevent long-term sequelae, but they often do not have adequate training. The current study addressed this gap with a brief online educational workshop that had two aims: to promote (a) screening for anxiety and (b) appropriate evidence-based interventions. Fifty-three providers participated, and 38 completed surveys preand post-training. Findings support the acceptability of the training, improved knowledge related to anxiety, and an increased readiness …
Initial Evaluation Of The Reliability And Validity Of An Assessment-Based Approach To Identifying And Addressing Barriers To Caregiver Treatment Adherence, Elah Sunde
Master's Theses and Doctoral Dissertations
Caregiver-mediated behavioral interventions are a critical and evidence-based treatment of childhood behavioral concerns. However, caregivers face many barriers to adherence that can reduce the effectiveness of these interventions. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of a training protocol delivered over telehealth within an integrated behavioral health setting, evaluate the reliability and validity of an assessment tool (i.e., the Performance Diagnostic Checklist - Parent), and examine patterns of engagement (e.g., missed sessions, dropout rates) that caregivers experienced. Eight caregivers enrolled in the study and received a child-directed interaction protocol, which included instruction, a video model and skill …
The Impact Of Early Social Factors On Trajectories Of Internalizing Behavior Problems Within Maltreated Foster Care Youth, Ethan Michael Paschall
The Impact Of Early Social Factors On Trajectories Of Internalizing Behavior Problems Within Maltreated Foster Care Youth, Ethan Michael Paschall
Master's Theses and Doctoral Dissertations
Children who experience maltreatment are at an increased risk for developing internalizing problems. Little is known about long-term symptom trajectories of children placed in foster care following maltreatment. This study used contemporary growth mixture modeling to assess symptom trajectories of 322 youth from the Consortium for Longitudinal Studies of Child Abuse and Neglect Southwest site placed in foster care due to maltreatment. Internalizing symptom trajectories were assessed using Child Behavior Checklist caregiver reports. This study examined the relationship between early social factors (i.e., social support, unpopularity, aggression, cognitive ability, trauma exposure) and trajectories of future internalizing symptoms. Results indicate a …
Social Media Use In Adolescence: Longitudinal Relationships With Social Functioning And Psychopathology, Aidan P. Schmitt
Social Media Use In Adolescence: Longitudinal Relationships With Social Functioning And Psychopathology, Aidan P. Schmitt
Master's Theses and Doctoral Dissertations
Social media use and psychopathology are both prevalent during adolescence; however, the relationship between these two variables is not yet fully understood. Research on these topics is generally myopic in that it focuses on a brief window of time (e.g., cross-sectional studies), a small number of variables (e.g., hours spent per day; depressive symptoms), and uses single reporters and measures (e.g., adolescent report using a questionnaire). Extant literature shows moderate relationships between frequency of social media use and depressive symptoms; however, most studies do not use statistical methods that investigate bidirectionality or parse apart between-person and within-person effects, so effects …
Pathways From Parental Adverse Childhood Experiences To Child Emotion Regulation: The Role Of Parent Emotion Regulation And Emotion Socialization, Sarah E. Freeman
Pathways From Parental Adverse Childhood Experiences To Child Emotion Regulation: The Role Of Parent Emotion Regulation And Emotion Socialization, Sarah E. Freeman
Master's Theses and Doctoral Dissertations
The present study evaluates the mediating role of parent emotion regulation (ER) and parent emotion-related socialization behaviors (ERSBs) in the relation between parent adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) and child ER. Caregivers of children ages 2 through 5 (inclusive) completed traditional and expanded ACEs scales, the Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scale Short Form, the Coping with Toddlers’ Negative Emotions Scale, and the Emotion Regulation Checklist. Data analysis involved correlation and mediation analyses. Parent difficulties in ER statistically mediated the association between parent ACEs and child ER such that a higher expanded ACEs score was associated with more parent difficulties in ER, …
Examining The Intention-Behavior Gap: The Impact Of The Food Environment On The Eating Behaviors Of Low-Income African American Women, Karen Glownia
Examining The Intention-Behavior Gap: The Impact Of The Food Environment On The Eating Behaviors Of Low-Income African American Women, Karen Glownia
Master's Theses and Doctoral Dissertations
The current study investigated environmental barriers to the intention-behavior gap. The food environment was examined as a moderator between motivation for healthy living and actual eating behavior. A sample of 55 low-income African American women (Mage = 30.25, SD = 7.46) completed self-report motivation and eating behavior questionnaires. The food environment was measured by the number and proportion of healthy and unhealthy food retailers in one’s neighborhood using ArcGIS mapping software. The results showed that greater motivation was associated with less unhealthy eating when there was relatively equal access to nearby unhealthy and healthy food retailers. When given …
Parenting, Neighborhood Characteristics, And Disruptive Child Behavior In Low-Income African American Families, Alyssa Buthman
Parenting, Neighborhood Characteristics, And Disruptive Child Behavior In Low-Income African American Families, Alyssa Buthman
Master's Theses and Doctoral Dissertations
The purpose of this study is to further examine the multifaceted relationship between parenting, neighborhood characteristics, and child disruptive behavior. Examining data from a low-income, African American preschool sample, this study investigated how self-reported neighborhood characteristics and observed parenting behaviors uniquely predicted observed disruptive behavior in children. Findings supported the strong relationship between parenting behaviors and child disruptive behavior where parenting sensitivity and engagement were predictive of fewer child disruptive behaviors while verbal and physical parenting interference and intrusiveness was predictive of greater disruptive child behavior. Neighborhood characteristics did not directly relate to parenting or child behaviors. However, neighborhood characteristics …
Primary Care Behavioral Health In The Time Of Covid-19, Michael Vriesman
Primary Care Behavioral Health In The Time Of Covid-19, Michael Vriesman
Master's Theses and Doctoral Dissertations
People are commonly receiving mental health treatment from primary care providers rather than from behavioral health providers. To address this issue, the healthcare system has begun to integrate behavioral health providers into primary care clinics, known as integrated primary care (IPC). Research suggests that IPC can lead to a number of benefits, including increased likelihood of patients receiving the appropriate standard of care, as well as reduction in healthcare costs due to medical cost offset. While IPC is a promising method of healthcare delivery, additional research is needed to optimize this system. Additionally, the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic has …
Screening For Energy Restriction In Middle And Late Life, Kate Happel Krautbauer
Screening For Energy Restriction In Middle And Late Life, Kate Happel Krautbauer
Master's Theses and Doctoral Dissertations
The most commonly used screening tools for disordered eating, the Eating Attitudes Test (EAT-26) and Eating Disorders Examination–Questionnaire (EDE-Q), rely on the detection of shape and weight concerns to identify potentially dangerous caloric restriction among adolescent girls and young adult women. It is unclear how accurate these measures are at detecting restriction among adults 40 years and older. These adults may be vulnerable to developing or maintaining restrictive eating patterns when healthcare providers recommend weight loss as a preventative health measure or when acute or chronic illnesses (e.g., diabetes or cancers) impact eating. The present online study (a) evaluated the …
The Role Of Caregiver-Reported Emerging Social Attention In Predicting Duration Of Orienting And Social Communication, Casey E. Swick
The Role Of Caregiver-Reported Emerging Social Attention In Predicting Duration Of Orienting And Social Communication, Casey E. Swick
Master's Theses and Doctoral Dissertations
Early identification of atypical development could lead to opportunities for earlier intervention, ultimately improving developmental outcomes. Early signs of atypical attention, social attention, and social communication development emerge in infancy, yet age at diagnosis of neurodevelopmental difficulties does not typically occur until well after the first year of life. In order to achieve this goal of early identification, sensitive and accessible tools are needed to identify infants at risk for atypical development. This study examined whether caregivers could report on emerging social attention behaviors in the first days to weeks of life with a novel, experimental scale (PediaTrac SSIP). This …
Predictors Of Treatment Outcome In A Family-Based Hospitalization Program For Adolescents With Anorexia Nervosa, Kellsey Launius
Predictors Of Treatment Outcome In A Family-Based Hospitalization Program For Adolescents With Anorexia Nervosa, Kellsey Launius
Master's Theses and Doctoral Dissertations
Family-based treatment (FBT) is the first-line treatment for adolescents with anorexia nervosa (AN). Although FBT works for many, it does not work for everyone. The current study explored variables that are believed to impact treatment outcome in FBT, (a) initial weight gain, (b) parental criticism, and (c) obsessive-compulsive features, and investigated three additional factors expected to predict positive treatment outcome, (d) fear of food, (e) exposure to feared foods, and (f) parent-child concordance. Participants were 240 children, adolescents, and young adults with AN or other specified feeding or eating disorder (OSFED) enrolled in a family-based partial hospitalization program (PHP). Pearson …
A Comparison Of Forensic Populations Using The Validity Scales On The Mmpi-3, Steven W. Steinert
A Comparison Of Forensic Populations Using The Validity Scales On The Mmpi-3, Steven W. Steinert
Master's Theses and Doctoral Dissertations
Examining the impact of different factors influencing the validity of an individual’s self-report during a psychological assessment is important in ensuring valid clinical findings and useful recommendations. These factors are often referred to as response biases. There are multiple types of response bias that can negatively influence the validity of self-reports in clinical assessment contexts. Specifically, individuals undergoing an assessment can be impacted by non-contentbased response bias, overreporting, and underreporting of psychological impairment and/or distress. Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI) instruments are amongst the leading tools within professional psychology used to identify response bias. The most recent iteration, the MMPI-3, …
Do Gender, Anxiety Sensitivity Level, And Timing Of Anxiety Sensitivity Assessment Predict Heart Rate Variability?, Jordan Sieja
Do Gender, Anxiety Sensitivity Level, And Timing Of Anxiety Sensitivity Assessment Predict Heart Rate Variability?, Jordan Sieja
Master's Theses and Doctoral Dissertations
Anxiety sensitivity (AS), or the fear/belief that anxiety symptoms and sensations will have negative outcomes, is a strong predictor of future psychopathology. AS is divided into three factors: physical, cognitive, and social. Reduced heart rate variability (HRV), or the variation in intervals between heartbeats, is associated with various psychological disorders. Current research findings disagree as to whether AS predicts HRV outcomes. The present study sought to examine data from a previous research project as results of relationships between AS and HRV were contrary to expectations. The current study examined potential predictors of HRV, such as the relationship between high-frequency (HF) …
The Role Of Infant Sleep In The Relationship Between Cumulative Risk And Infant Social-Emotional Development, Michelle Lobermeier
The Role Of Infant Sleep In The Relationship Between Cumulative Risk And Infant Social-Emotional Development, Michelle Lobermeier
Master's Theses and Doctoral Dissertations
The current study aimed to understand the effect of cumulative risk on the social-emotional functioning of infants. Additionally, this study examined sleep as a potential protective factor, which may promote healthier social-emotional outcomes despite risk. A sample of 325 caregiver-infant dyads completed established developmental, behavioral, and caregiver questionnaires as well as PediaTracTM, an experimental tool to track infant and toddler development. More cumulative risk exposure was not associated with typical social-emotional development but was associated with more problem behaviors at 12 months and lower sleep efficiency at 9 and 12 months. Higher sleep efficiency was also associated with …
Mindfulness Of What? Impact Of Awareness- And Acceptance-Focused Mindful Eating Techniques On Eating Outcomes, Jennifer Battles
Mindfulness Of What? Impact Of Awareness- And Acceptance-Focused Mindful Eating Techniques On Eating Outcomes, Jennifer Battles
Master's Theses and Doctoral Dissertations
Introduction: Significant debate exists over the conceptualization of mindfulness even though mindfulness-based interventions are widely utilized to treat obesity and problematic eating behaviors. Little research has directly compared these theorized components of mindfulness in the context of eating. The purpose of the current study was to understand the relative importance of two components of mindfulness (i.e., awareness and acceptance) on laboratory eating outcomes. Methods: An experiment was conducted with 103 obese participants (Mage = 22.38, SD = 6.82; 64.1% female, 44.6% White, MBMI = 35.42, SD = 7.68) comparing two mindful eating inductions (i.e., awareness only and …
The Mediating Role Of Sensitivity To Criticism On The Relationship Between Vulnerable Narcissism And Negative Affect, Sneha Shankar
The Mediating Role Of Sensitivity To Criticism On The Relationship Between Vulnerable Narcissism And Negative Affect, Sneha Shankar
Master's Theses and Doctoral Dissertations
Researchers have examined the interpersonal correlates of narcissistic traits through ego-threats precipitated by experiences of external rejection or criticism. However, few studies have empirically investigated the role of sensitivity to criticism in the relation between vulnerable narcissism and negative affect. This study sought to examine this relation through comparing the mediating and moderating effects of sensitivity to criticism to shame and psychological inflexibility within three feedback conditions (positive, negative, and none). Three samples were utilized to assess these trait and state associations. Sensitivity to criticism demonstrated only moderating effects on the relation between vulnerable narcissism and situational anger in the …
Neurocognitive Resilience In Children Born Late And Moderate Preterm (Lamp): Predictors Of Outcomes In Attention, Working Memory, And Executive Functioning, Heather C. Hennrick
Neurocognitive Resilience In Children Born Late And Moderate Preterm (Lamp): Predictors Of Outcomes In Attention, Working Memory, And Executive Functioning, Heather C. Hennrick
Master's Theses and Doctoral Dissertations
This study sought to broaden the findings of the current research on the relationship between late and moderate preterm (LAMP) birth and long-term neurocognitive outcomes—specifically those related to attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). The purpose of this study was to better understand the relationship between gestational age (GA) and ADHD by (a) comparing prevalence of diagnosis between term-born and LAMP children, (b) comparing ADHD behavioral symptom severity between term-born and LAMP children, (c) and by examining neurocognitive status between term-born children and LAMP children (with and without ADHD diagnoses). The study also examined other factors that contribute to the relationship between GA …
Predominantly White Institution Or Historically Black College/University: Racial Composition Of School Environment And Perceived Racism On African American Students’ College Experiences, Taylor Garland
Master's Theses and Doctoral Dissertations
The current study explored perceived racism, mental health, and coping to see how those concepts might influence how African American students evaluate their college experiences. Additionally, this study explored how school environment (i.e., predominantly White institution [PWI] vs. historically Black college/university [HBCU]) impacted the hypotheses. All participants completed an online questionnaire. Findings for the key hypotheses of this study were mixed. For example, regardless if African American students attended a PWI or HBCU, they were both likely to report similar experiences of perceived racism and negative affect. Despite these and a few other relevant hypotheses not being supported, two significant …
Mental Health Service Utilization, Knowledge, Stigma, And Protective Factors In A College Student Sample: The Influence Of Racial Categories And Student-Athlete Status, Jasmine M. Morigney
Mental Health Service Utilization, Knowledge, Stigma, And Protective Factors In A College Student Sample: The Influence Of Racial Categories And Student-Athlete Status, Jasmine M. Morigney
Master's Theses and Doctoral Dissertations
Students of color and student-athletes undergo unique stressors in college, such as discrimination and time constraints, that impact their mental health needs. They have shown more mental health stigma and less service utilization. This study explored these variables and groups using secondary data analyses from the 2019-2020 Healthy Minds Study (HMS). The current study hypothesized that utilization would be associated with stigma, knowledge, and resilience. Additionally, student-athletes and students of color would report less utilization and more stigma and resilience. Results indicated that students of color reported no difference in utilization and less stigma and resilience than White students. Student-athletes …
Examining Psychological Distress In Parents Of Children With Food Allergies And Asthma During The Covid-19 Pandemic, Kelsey L. Hill
Examining Psychological Distress In Parents Of Children With Food Allergies And Asthma During The Covid-19 Pandemic, Kelsey L. Hill
Master's Theses and Doctoral Dissertations
The COVID-19 pandemic in the United States (U.S.) was anticipated to have a tremendous impact on mental health, leading to heightened anxiety, depression, and post-traumatic stress disorder. The current study examined the psychological impact of the COVID-19 pandemic in parents of children with food allergies and asthma compared to parents of healthy children, examined associations between disease-specific measures and broad measures of anxiety, and explored moderating variables impacting the relationship between COVID-19-related stressors and psychological outcomes. A national sample of 265 parents completed an online survey between April and June 2020. Parents of children with food allergies and asthma experienced …
Increased Rape Victims Scale Attitudes After Relational Rejection: The Roles Of Entitlement And Shame, Lilah Clevey
Increased Rape Victims Scale Attitudes After Relational Rejection: The Roles Of Entitlement And Shame, Lilah Clevey
Master's Theses and Doctoral Dissertations
This project examined whether social or romantic rejection impacted participants’ endorsement of victim blaming beliefs toward sexual assault survivors. Participants were randomly assigned to read one of five vignettes, including a woman romantically rejecting a man, socially rejecting him, romantically accepting him, socially accepting him, or a neutral control story. After reading the vignette, participants were administered a scale assessing their endorsement of beliefs that blame survivors of sexual assault for their assault. It was hypothesized that cisgender men that read vignettes about being rejected by a woman would endorse significantly more victim blaming beliefs and that participants’ own levels …
The Role Of Premorbid Factors And Adverse Childhood Experiences In The Persistence Of Symptoms Post Mild Traumatic Brain Injury (Persistent Postconcussive Symptoms), Tiffany Andersen
Master's Theses and Doctoral Dissertations
Every year, more than 2.8 million individuals sustain a traumatic brain injury (TBI) in the U.S. At least 75% of these are designated as mild TBI (mTBI). While most are expected to spontaneously recover within days to weeks, a substantial minority continue to experience various somatic, cognitive, and affective symptoms for months/years postinjury. Several biopsychosocial factors (e.g., cognitive reserve, psychiatric illness) may influence the persistence of postconcussive symptoms (PPCS). Adverse childhood experiences (ACE) may be another psychosocial factor that influences PPCS, but few studies have assessed the relationship between ACEs and TBI. This study aimed to replicate previous findings and …
Maternal Factors In The Disordered Eating Of Adolescent Girls: Proposing And Evaluating A New Model, Miriam Goldstein
Maternal Factors In The Disordered Eating Of Adolescent Girls: Proposing And Evaluating A New Model, Miriam Goldstein
Master's Theses and Doctoral Dissertations
Disordered eating behaviors occur at high rates among adolescent girls of all ethnicities and are associated with increased risk of eating disorders. Maternal influences such as maternal disordered eating, childhood feeding practices, and the mother-teen relationship quality have been implicated as risk factors for disordered eating in adolescent girls, but few studies have examined the interplay of these influences within a single model, controlling for adolescent age. To address this gap, the current study proposed a theoretical model and tested a series of moderated mediation pathways from maternal disordered eating to disordered eating behaviors in female adolescents. The model was …
Motor Skill Performance And Physical Activity In Children With Features Of Autism Spectrum Disorder, Morgan K. Wright
Motor Skill Performance And Physical Activity In Children With Features Of Autism Spectrum Disorder, Morgan K. Wright
Master's Theses and Doctoral Dissertations
Fifty to 100% of children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) exhibit motor skills deficits. In addition to motor skill deficits, children with ASD have been reported to engage in less physical activity than their neurotypical peers. Motor skill deficits and limited physical activity may impact functioning in other domains, including physical fitness and adaptive skills. The present study examined the relationship between motor skills, physical activity, physical fitness, and adaptive skills in children with a range of ASD features. A sample of 41 children ages 7-12 years participated in the study. Participants and their parents completed assessments of motor skills, …
The Acculturation Gap: Investigating The Relationship Between Inter-Partner Acculturation Discrepancy And Parenting Quality, Casiana Warfield
The Acculturation Gap: Investigating The Relationship Between Inter-Partner Acculturation Discrepancy And Parenting Quality, Casiana Warfield
Master's Theses and Doctoral Dissertations
Parenting and relational factors have been investigated thoroughly in previous literature. However, considering the proliferation of multiracial individuals in the United States, it is concerning that many cultural components of American families have been neglected, including the impact of acculturation on parenting negotiation. In particular, the acculturation gap describes differences in acculturation and enculturation levels between family members. The acculturation-gap-distress model postulates that when members within a family context acculturate at different rates, to different degrees, or in different ways than other members, this discrepancy results in conflict. The present study evaluated the relationship between inter-partner acculturation discrepancy and perceptions …
Comparing The Impacts Of Mentors Vs. Role Models Across Domains: A Meta-Analysis, Lilah Clevey
Comparing The Impacts Of Mentors Vs. Role Models Across Domains: A Meta-Analysis, Lilah Clevey
Master's Theses and Doctoral Dissertations
Much research has been done on mentors and role models, yet there has been little consensus on whether the two are equally effective and effective across different contexts. This project was a meta-analysis examining the effect of mentors and role models on behavioral and/or cognitive outcomes within laboratory/experimental, educational, occupational, and treatment/clinical domains. A mentor is defined as an actual person who provides emotional support and guidance to a less experienced person, whereas a role model is an imagined or celebrity person that provides inspiration through real or imagined attributes. Eligible published studies beginning in 1995 to 2016, that had …
Recognizing Addictive Disorders Through Transdiagnostic Assessment, Meagan M. Carr
Recognizing Addictive Disorders Through Transdiagnostic Assessment, Meagan M. Carr
Master's Theses and Doctoral Dissertations
Some evidence suggests high rates of comorbidity between substance and other related addictive disorders. However, few self-report instruments adopt a transdiagnostic approach, which would be best positioned to answer questions about comorbidity as well as other related phenomenon, such as discontinuation of one type of behavior and initiation of another. The current work aimed to develop a measure that screened for seven types of potentially addictive behavior: alcohol use, drug use, tobacco use, gambling, binge eating, hypersexual behavior, and excessive video game playing. Data were collected at three time-points to develop a large pool of possible items, establish the initial …
Neural Correlates Of Nonverbal Social Communication In High-Risk Infants, Casey E. Swick
Neural Correlates Of Nonverbal Social Communication In High-Risk Infants, Casey E. Swick
Master's Theses and Doctoral Dissertations
The aim of this study was to replicate and extend a study by Grossmann and colleagues (2008), examining infant neural responses to gaze in 5-month-olds, to older and high-risk infants. Participants were 9-month-old infants (5 preterm, [3 female]; 12 full term [7 female]) who underwent fNIRS while viewing gaze paradigms. Findings revealed that hemisphere predicted peak oxygenated hemoglobin (HbO2) across groups and conditions, with higher activation in the left hemisphere across groups. Interaction of group by condition predicted peak HbO2 value, with an increase in activation in the high-risk group during the averted condition. Participants as random …
The Role Of Teacher Warmth In Teacher Accuracy Evaluating Child Cognitive And Executive Functioning, Heather Hennrick
The Role Of Teacher Warmth In Teacher Accuracy Evaluating Child Cognitive And Executive Functioning, Heather Hennrick
Master's Theses and Doctoral Dissertations
This study sought to expand current knowledge about aspects of the teacher-child relationship that may facilitate accuracy in teacher reporting on children’s higher-order cognitive skills, including attention, working memory, and executive functioning (EF). The study proposed a model of children’s cognitive functioning, wherein performance-based neuropsychological measures of children’s attention, working memory, and EF and teacher-student relational warmth predicted teacher reports of children’s abilities. The final sample for this study included 37 teachers and their 8- to 12-year old students. Results found that teachers’ behavioral reports captured children’s true neurocognitive abilities, as measured by performance-based neuropsychological measures. Teacher warmth was related …
Assessment Of Family Impact In Pediatric Chronic Pain, Lauren E. Harrison
Assessment Of Family Impact In Pediatric Chronic Pain, Lauren E. Harrison
Master's Theses and Doctoral Dissertations
Pediatric chronic pain causes significant interference in daily functioning for children and their families. While parents and families have been examined in previous research, gaps exist in the current literature base, particularly related to accurate conceptualization and assessment of family functioning. The current study sought to develop a measure of family impact of pediatric pain and examine the effects that pain severity, functional disability, and parent and child psychosocial functioning have on family functioning. Results indicated parents of children with chronic pain appear to be impacted across several domains, with psychological distress in the child and parent being a significant …