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Articles 2491 - 2509 of 2509
Full-Text Articles in Psychology
Perceived Autonomy To Exercise Rights: Race And Ethnicity And Citizenship In Consent Searches, Srishti Katuri
Perceived Autonomy To Exercise Rights: Race And Ethnicity And Citizenship In Consent Searches, Srishti Katuri
Electronic Theses & Dissertations (2024 - present)
Consent searches—police searches conducted with an individual’s permission—constitute the majority of warrantless searches in the United States. Although these encounters are legally described as voluntary, scholars have long questioned whether civilians truly feel free to refuse an officer’s request to conduct a search. The present study examined how race and ethnicity and citizenship status influence civilians’ consent decisions and perceived freedom to deny consent in a hypothetical police encounter. A community sample of 191 adults from New York State read a vignette in which a police officer requested to search their backpack. Then, participants reported their ideal and anticipated consent …
Relational Efficacy Beliefs In Supervision Of Master’S Level Counseling Trainees As Predictors Of Counseling Interests And Goals, Taylor Karnilaw
Relational Efficacy Beliefs In Supervision Of Master’S Level Counseling Trainees As Predictors Of Counseling Interests And Goals, Taylor Karnilaw
Electronic Theses & Dissertations (2024 - present)
Master's level counseling trainees have condensed training periods before making career-related decisions and are often placed in settings with high rates of burnout and turnover. Supervision has been shown to be a protective factor for burnout and has the potential to be a source of self-efficacy, which has been linked with career-related outcomes like occupational interests and goals (Lent et al., 2018; O’Connor et al., 2018). Moreover, within the context of close relationships, like supervision, efficacy beliefs are believed to be shaped by a network of beliefs, including relation-inferred self-efficacy, self-efficacy, and other-efficacy (Lent & Lopez, 2002). The current study …
School-Based Antecedent Interventions Derived From Structural Analyses: A Systematic Review And Meta-Analysis, Georgia M. Gaertner
School-Based Antecedent Interventions Derived From Structural Analyses: A Systematic Review And Meta-Analysis, Georgia M. Gaertner
Electronic Theses & Dissertations (2024 - present)
Disruptive behaviors in the classroom setting present immediate challenges for both students and teachers and are associated with a host of negative, long-term outcomes. Antecedent interventions are a group of behavior management strategies that can be used to target disruptive behaviors before they occur. This study consisted of a systematic review and meta-analysis of school-based antecedent interventions that were derived from a structural analysis. The results indicated that structural analytic research on school-based antecedent interventions has been conducted with students across diverse educational settings and with students with a variety of disabilities and conditions. Elementary school students and male students …
Improving Clinical Decision-Making: Reducing The Affect Heuristic In Substance Use Treatment, Corey M. Monley
Improving Clinical Decision-Making: Reducing The Affect Heuristic In Substance Use Treatment, Corey M. Monley
Electronic Theses & Dissertations (2024 - present)
Therapists are at risk for engaging in the affect heuristic, which occurs when automatic emotional reactions influence clinical decision-making more than objective data about clients. Emotional reactions are common when treating clients using substances (CUS), but the influence of the affect heuristic on therapists’ clinical decision-making with CUS has yet to be quantified. This study investigated (1) the extent to which therapist trainees engage in the affect heuristic with CUS and (2) whether it can be reduced through brief cognitive science training. Graduate-level therapists (n = 130) were randomized to one of two conditions: brief online training involving …
The Moderating Effect Of Self-Efficacy On The Relationship Between Social Determinants Of Health And Alcohol Use In A Diverse Adult Sample, Cara L. Fresquez
The Moderating Effect Of Self-Efficacy On The Relationship Between Social Determinants Of Health And Alcohol Use In A Diverse Adult Sample, Cara L. Fresquez
Electronic Theses & Dissertations (2024 - present)
Heavy alcohol consumption is associated with a range of psychosocial problems and chronic conditions, resulting in approximately 140,000 preventable deaths each year. With these potential consequences in mind, it is understandable that 46% of individuals who consume alcohol report attempting to reduce the quantity of alcohol they drink; however, very few enter formal treatment. Despite this, many people will decrease their heavy drinking over time, presumably due to individual and environmental factors, particularly self-efficacy and protective social determinants of health (SDoH). This study aimed to answer the research question “How is SDoH adversity related to the likelihood of reporting reduced …
Paying The Price: How Financial And Health Stress Can Impact Incidental Memory In The Survival Processing Paradigm, Bailey C. Hall
Paying The Price: How Financial And Health Stress Can Impact Incidental Memory In The Survival Processing Paradigm, Bailey C. Hall
Electronic Theses & Dissertations (2024 - present)
Cognitive psychologists have examined how evolutionary pressures can shape memory systems and how survival-relevant information is processed. Nairne et al. (2007) established the survival processing paradigm and showed that processing information within a survival context reliably enhances later recall. Previous research has identified academic pressure and financial stress as the most influential stressors for undergraduate students (Patel & Lewis, 2023). Financial stress is widespread and influences multiple domains of life, including health behaviors and psychological well-being (Northern et al., 2010). In this study, two scenarios were created to explore financial and health stress compared to the original grassland survival scenario. …
Family Routines And Cognitive Emotion Regulation: The Role Of Harsh Parenting And Family Activities, Vidhi Jain
Family Routines And Cognitive Emotion Regulation: The Role Of Harsh Parenting And Family Activities, Vidhi Jain
Electronic Theses & Dissertations (2024 - present)
Cognitive emotion regulation (CER), consisting of adaptive and maladaptive strategies, is a critical developmental process linked to various well-being outcomes across the lifespan. Family contexts such as daily routines, parenting, and engagement shape the development of emotion regulation. Existing literature generally links family routines to better CER outcomes (Selman & Dilworth-Bart, 2023), but has not yet investigated the impact of routines in adverse family environments. The present study examined whether harsh parenting and the frequency of shared family activities jointly moderate the relationship between family routines and adaptive and maladaptive CER. A sample of emerging adults (N = 210; …
Weighing The Costs: Understanding How Eating Disorder History And Motivation For Use Impacts Experience On A Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 Receptor Agonist And Interest In Future Use, Kimberly M. Gauert
Weighing The Costs: Understanding How Eating Disorder History And Motivation For Use Impacts Experience On A Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 Receptor Agonist And Interest In Future Use, Kimberly M. Gauert
Electronic Theses & Dissertations (2024 - present)
Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 receptor agonist (GLP-1 RA) medications have become popular tools due to their effectiveness regarding weight loss and chronic disease management. The drastic increase in demand for these medications has led to widespread availability and an increase in “off-label” use for cosmetic purposes. Although GLP-1 RA medications have the potential to positively impact overall health and wellbeing, there is also concern regarding potential misuse of these medications by those with a history of eating disorder behaviors. However, few studies to date have examined the relationship between a history of eating disorder pathology, reason for GLP-1 RA use, and current …
Effect Of Workload, Burnout, And Flexible Work Practices On The Well-Being Of University Faculty And Staff, Caroline O. Rogers
Effect Of Workload, Burnout, And Flexible Work Practices On The Well-Being Of University Faculty And Staff, Caroline O. Rogers
Electronic Theses & Dissertations (2024 - present)
The present study examined the impact of workload, burnout, and flexible work practices (FWPs) on the well-being of higher education employees from the perspective of Job Demands-Resources (JD-R) theory. A moderated mediation model was hypothesized, wherein workload would be associated with well-being through burnout, and that this association would be attenuated by the presence of FWPs. A total of 477 full-time faculty, staff, and affiliated research foundation employees from a large public university in the Northeast region and a broader range of colleges and universities across the United States of America completed a cross-sectional survey. Validated measures assessed workload (Quantitative …
Social Class Differences Between Client And Therapist: A Grounded Theory Study Of Working-Class Clients' Perspectives, Micah Herman
Social Class Differences Between Client And Therapist: A Grounded Theory Study Of Working-Class Clients' Perspectives, Micah Herman
Electronic Theses & Dissertations (2024 - present)
Although a substantial body of research highlights the importance of broaching differences related to race, ethnicity, gender, and sexual orientation in psychotherapy, considerably less attention has been paid to social class, a dimension of socio-cultural identity that profoundly shapes individuals’ life circumstances, their sense of self, and their relationships with others. In recognition of our limited understanding of how working-class clients perceive and respond to class-based cultural differences between themselves and their therapists, the present grounded theory study addressed (1) how working-class clients experience and make meaning of social class differences in the therapeutic relationship and (2) what clients see …
The Effect Of A Functionally Indicated Choice-Based Antecedent Intervention On Academic And Behavioral Outcomes For Students In A Public School, Alyssa M. Rodriguez
The Effect Of A Functionally Indicated Choice-Based Antecedent Intervention On Academic And Behavioral Outcomes For Students In A Public School, Alyssa M. Rodriguez
Electronic Theses & Dissertations (2024 - present)
The present study examined the effects of functionally indicated choice-based antecedent interventions on academic and behavioral outcomes for elementary general education students exhibiting elevated levels of off-task behavior during independent seat work. A replicated hybrid single-case design was used to compare two interventions: choice of task sequence (across-activity choice) and choice of peer (within-activity choice). Brief functional behavioral assessments (FBAs) informed hypothesized behavioral function and intervention match. Dependent variables included academic engagement (on-task behavior), with off-task behavior conceptualized as its inverse, as well as academic completion and accuracy; social validity was assessed from teachers and students. Results indicated support for …
When Civilians Involve Themselves In Crime Control: Do Perceived Police Legitimacy And Trust In The Police Predict Support For Vigilantism And Citizen’S Arrests?, Charlotte T. Parque
When Civilians Involve Themselves In Crime Control: Do Perceived Police Legitimacy And Trust In The Police Predict Support For Vigilantism And Citizen’S Arrests?, Charlotte T. Parque
Electronic Theses & Dissertations (2024 - present)
Recent cases in which civilians involved themselves in the crime control process have garnered divided reactions, with some people supporting and others disapproving the civilians’ actions. Although existing research shows that perceptions of the police predict support of civilians involved in crime control, exact directions of the effects conflict. I address these conflicting findings by examining how people conceptualize police legitimacy and trust in the police, whether those conceptualizations align with scholarly definitions of legitimacy and trust, and explore if the two constructs differentially predict support of vigilantism. Additionally, I explore whether people approve of two types of civilian crime …
Heat Misers, Snow Misers, And Cognitive Misers: The 'Nukewarm' Perceptions Of Nuclear Power, Tyler Williams
Heat Misers, Snow Misers, And Cognitive Misers: The 'Nukewarm' Perceptions Of Nuclear Power, Tyler Williams
Dissertations and Theses
Rising energy demand in the United States necessitates alternatives to fossil fuels, yet renewable energy sources alone are insufficient to meet this demand. Nuclear power presents a promising option but faces persistent public hesitancy. This study examines how heuristic-based biases relate to American's risk-benefit perceptions towards nuclear power. Guided by the heuristic-systematic model. Results indicate that competence and affect are related to risk-benefit perceptions, and naturalness shows no relationship with risk perceptions but does correlate with benefit perceptions. Implications highlight the importance of affect-driven communication strategies for nuclear communicators, while also underscoring the need for participatory approaches that foster trust …
Executive Self-Management Of Reading And Writing For College Students With Adhd, Jiajie Li
Executive Self-Management Of Reading And Writing For College Students With Adhd, Jiajie Li
Dissertations and Theses
Background. College students with ADHD often experience difficulties with self managed academic tasks, for which there are currently few specific interventions. The present study examined associations among ADHD symptom severity, executive functioning, academic achievement, and perceived helpfulness of reading- and writing-focused sessions within a cognitive-behavioral intervention for college students with ADHD. Method. N = 41 undergraduate students (Mean age = 21.32 years, SD = 2.74; 70.7% female) with ADHD were recruited into a 12-week group-based cognitive behavioral intervention for executive functioning difficulties. Two sessions were devoted to skills and strategies specific to academic tasks, Reading for Retention and Planning, Organizing, …
The Ick Factor: Explaining The Term Through Lenses Of Sexual Disgust And Avoidant Attachment Style, Maxum O'Halloran
The Ick Factor: Explaining The Term Through Lenses Of Sexual Disgust And Avoidant Attachment Style, Maxum O'Halloran
Dissertations and Theses
The phenomenon of the “ick” has gained significant traction in the context of modern romantic relationships, particularly across social media platforms, where individuals describe trivial negative traits and habits in potential and current romantic partners. Despite their trivial nature, icks are often treated as meaningful dealbreakers, raising questions about whether they reflect genuine psychological processes or are simply a social media trend. The present study examined whether the presence of an ick influences perceptions of attractiveness and dateability, and whether individual differences in sexual disgust sensitivity and attachment style help explain icks and reactions to icks. Participants (N = 236) …
Relational Spirituality And Maternal Coping In Carceral Contexts: A Participatory Action Study Of Meaning-Making And Mental Health Among Formerly Incarcerated Mothers, Jessica Peters
Dissertations and Theses
Maternal incarceration carries significant psychological, familial, and community consequences, yet limited research centers the mental health experiences of mothers themselves. This study explored how religious and spiritual engagement shape mental health and coping among formerly incarcerated mothers using a participatory action research framework. Guided by this, small groups and semi-structured interviews were conducted with 10 mothers in collaboration with a community-based organization. This approach prioritized lived experience and aimed to reduce barriers to participation among a population often mistrustful of research institutions. Data were analyzed thematically to identify patterns in psychological distress, coping strategies, and meaning-making. Findings revealed pervasive and …
Shared Burden, Potential Space: A Qualitative Study Of How Psychodynamic Therapists Work With Intergenerational Transmission Of Historical Trauma, Shaun J. Halper
Shared Burden, Potential Space: A Qualitative Study Of How Psychodynamic Therapists Work With Intergenerational Transmission Of Historical Trauma, Shaun J. Halper
Dissertations and Theses
The intergenerational transmission of trauma (ITT) has been investigated since the 1960s, beginning with research on the descendants of Holocaust survivors. Few qualitative studies, however, have taken up how psychodynamic therapists experience their treatments with adult patients with ITT. This study uses Interpretive Phenomenological Analysis (APA) to analyze adult ITT treatments from the perspective of psychodynamic psychotherapists. Ten licensed clinicians in the NYC tri-state area participated in semi-structured interviews, which were organized around three research aims: how clinicians conceptualized and identified ITT, what effective clinical interventions they used, and how they understood the impact of therapist-patient sameness or difference (regarding …
Efficacy Of Induced After Death Communication Therapy For Grief: A Single-Group Wait-List Controlled Trial, Thomas J. Nehmy, John Daniels, Paul Williamson, Sarah E. Stegall-Rodriguez
Efficacy Of Induced After Death Communication Therapy For Grief: A Single-Group Wait-List Controlled Trial, Thomas J. Nehmy, John Daniels, Paul Williamson, Sarah E. Stegall-Rodriguez
Psychological Science Faculty Publications
Induced After-Death Communication (IADC) therapy, which uses bilateral stimulation derived from EMDR, is an emerging approach to reducing grief symptoms in bereaved individuals. The present study evaluated the IADC protocol, consisting of two 90-min sessions, in 43 bereaved adults with assessments at four time points including a one-month waitlist period to provide control data. Large reductions in grief symptoms were observed from baseline to follow-up (global grief severity d = 1.56; average daily sadness d = 1.33). Two-thirds of participants who exceeded the clinical cutoff score for prolonged grief at baseline scored below this threshold at follow-up. Treatment effects were …
Factors Influencing Vaping Behaviors Based On Social Cognitive Theory: A Qualitative Study Among Mexican-American College Students, Bara S. Bataineh, Liza Talavera-Garza, Alexandra Loukas, David J. Badillo, Sherman Chow, Geronimo B. Cardenas, Erika Garza, Anna Wilkinson
Factors Influencing Vaping Behaviors Based On Social Cognitive Theory: A Qualitative Study Among Mexican-American College Students, Bara S. Bataineh, Liza Talavera-Garza, Alexandra Loukas, David J. Badillo, Sherman Chow, Geronimo B. Cardenas, Erika Garza, Anna Wilkinson
Psychological Science Faculty Publications
Background: Vaping rates among Mexican-American college students are high, yet the contributing personal and environmental factors remain understudied. The current qualitative study applies Social Cognitive Theory to examine how personal factors (e.g., self-efficacy, beliefs, and outcome expectations) and environmental influences (e.g., social norms and social media) shape vaping behaviors in this vulnerable population. Methods: We conducted semi-structured interviews with 19 Mexican-American college students (ages 18–25 years), 68% of whom were female, and all were current vapers. Participants discussed the personal and social contexts of their vaping experiences, with questions exploring their beliefs and outcome expectations. Interviews were recorded, transcribed, and …