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2023

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Full-Text Articles in Psychology

Occupational Burnout Factors Among Correctional Mental Health Providers, Morgan Gruhot Jan 2023

Occupational Burnout Factors Among Correctional Mental Health Providers, Morgan Gruhot

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Burnout rates of correctional employees are higher than employees in the general public. The purpose of this study was to identify how occupational factors impact burnout rates among correctional mental health workers. Grounded in the job-demands theoretical model, this study compared burnout rates among mental health staff within county jails and state prisons. Burnout was measured using the Maslach Burnout Inventory and Occupational factors were measured using the Areas of Work life Survey and Pandemic Experience and Perception Survey. Data was analyzed using IBM SSPS software to address multiple a priori directional research questions. Research questions considered how occupational factors …

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Correlates Of Mental Health Clinician Self-Awareness And Insight Of Attitudes Toward Older Adults, Susan L. Mcinvale Jan 2023

Correlates Of Mental Health Clinician Self-Awareness And Insight Of Attitudes Toward Older Adults, Susan L. Mcinvale

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

AbstractOlder adults (ages 65 and older) are expected to increase in the United States by over 70 million by the year 2030. The older adult population requires specialized medical and mental health services to address the needs related to aging. Mental health clinicians trained to address these needs may help older adults to utilize mental health counseling. Self-awareness of attitudes, insight, and knowledge may be skills that affect the attitudes of mental health clinicians toward older adults. Previous research has found that mental health clinicians who engage in self-awareness during a counseling session may improve counseling competency; however, little research …

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Factors Leading To Alcohol Relapse During The Covid-19 Pandemic, Robert Michael Ibraham Jan 2023

Factors Leading To Alcohol Relapse During The Covid-19 Pandemic, Robert Michael Ibraham

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Little research has been conducted exploring contributing stressors from the COVID-19 pandemic that may have led to alcohol relapse among individuals diagnosed with alcohol use disorders (AUDs). Prior to the pandemic, alcohol use was at an all-time high; during the pandemic, the rates of substance use rose significantly more. AUDs are a leading mental health problem with over 32.6 million meeting diagnostic criteria in the United States. This study was conducted to explore self-identified factors leading up to relapse during the COVID-19 pandemic among individuals diagnosed with AUDs, with a focus on the circumstances and events leading up to relapse. …

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Influence Of Conspiracy Mindset, Trust In Science, And Political Affiliation On Covid-19 Reactance, Bonnie L. Rinato Jan 2023

Influence Of Conspiracy Mindset, Trust In Science, And Political Affiliation On Covid-19 Reactance, Bonnie L. Rinato

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

The COVID-19 pandemic exposed extreme divisions in the social and political structure of the United States. When health organizations recommended strategies such as physical distancing, hand hygiene, sanitation of surfaces, and isolating when sick to slow the spread of the disease, Americans appeared to divide into two factions; those who followed the public health guidance and those who persistently ignored it, often voicing perceptions of loss of freedom due to the guidance. The purpose of this quantitative study was to examine the extent to which political affiliation moderated the relationship between conspiracy mindset, trust in science, and reactance responses to …

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Perceptions And Experiences Of The Benefits Of Premarital Counseling Among African American Couples, Evelyn N. Roberts Jan 2023

Perceptions And Experiences Of The Benefits Of Premarital Counseling Among African American Couples, Evelyn N. Roberts

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Researchers have conducted studies on the benefits of premarital counseling. However, little was known about the experiences of African American couples. The purpose of this generic qualitative study was to explore African American couples’ perceptions and experiences concerning the benefits of premarital counseling. Social learning theory provided the framework for the study. Data were collected from semistructured interviews with eight heterosexual African American couples. Colaizzi’s seven-step method of coding was used to analyze participants’ responses. Four themes emerged: couples’ expectations of premarital counseling, influences regarding participation, quality and structure of sessions, and overall experience. Findings could impact social change by …

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Race As A Predictor Of Co-Rumination In Friendship Among Adolescents, Jendayi A. Stafford Jan 2023

Race As A Predictor Of Co-Rumination In Friendship Among Adolescents, Jendayi A. Stafford

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Co-rumination refers to the excessive and extensive discussion and revisiting of problems and negative feelings within dyadic relationships. Differences in friendships concerning co-rumination have found that girls co-ruminate more than boys, however, researchers have not examined the relations between the racial composition of friend dyads and co-rumination in the friendships of adolescents. Theoretical frameworks included response styles theory and fictive kin theory. The study involved secondary analyses of an archival data set in which adolescents responded to surveys about co-rumination and their same-sex friendships. The population used for the study consisted of 265 adolescent friend dyads from a town in …

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Retrospective Student Accounts Of Teacher Burnout Behaviors That Impact Social-Emotional Development, Erika Young Jan 2023

Retrospective Student Accounts Of Teacher Burnout Behaviors That Impact Social-Emotional Development, Erika Young

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Teachers are the stability of the classroom where students are learning, making connections with peers, and preparing for their future. Teachers who are burnt out could make this difficult for some students. This qualitative, narrative study addressed the problem of discovering how teacher burnout behaviors impact social and emotional development among six public high school students through student retrospective stories. The theoretical foundation for this research was Bandura’s reciprocal determinism. Data were gathered through six semi-structured interviews and analyzed by thematic analysis, which provided four themes: 1) Variability in the impact of teacher burnout behavior, 2) The ways teacher burnout …

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The Lived Experiences Of Burnout Among Human Service Professionals Working With Domestic Violence Victims During Covid-19., Michelle J. Clark Jan 2023

The Lived Experiences Of Burnout Among Human Service Professionals Working With Domestic Violence Victims During Covid-19., Michelle J. Clark

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Abstract Job-related aspects of working in the mental health and human service field, such as job demands, workload, excessively long hours, and leadership roles, are known to cause burnout. Feelings of burnout and job-related stress may have been exacerbated during the COVID-19 pandemic, especially for professionals working with those experiencing domestic violence. The purpose of this hermeneutic phenomenological study was to explore the lived experiences of burnout among human service professionals (HSPs) working with domestic violence victims during COVID-19. Relational cultural and burnout theories provided the conceptual framework for this study. The data collected from the nine participants were obtained …

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Understanding Experiences Of Racial Microaggressions Among African American Women In Cross-Racial Supervision, Nicole Daley Jan 2023

Understanding Experiences Of Racial Microaggressions Among African American Women In Cross-Racial Supervision, Nicole Daley

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Racial microaggressions are statements that occur in everyday life that are regarded as instances of subtle or unintentional discrimination against members of a racial or ethnic minority. For African Americans, racial microaggressions are feelings of denigration and exclusion. Racial aggressions experienced by African American women in clinical counseling profession (counseling, psychology, social work, mental health) supervision have not been well-studied. Interpretative phenomenological analysis was used in this qualitative study to explore African American women supervisees' experience of racial microaggressions in cross-racial supervision. Intersectionality theory and identity negotiation theory were used to guide the development and analysis plan. Semistructured, audio-recorded interviews …

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The Experience Of African American Gay Fathers Raising A Child With Autism, Andrew Davis Jan 2023

The Experience Of African American Gay Fathers Raising A Child With Autism, Andrew Davis

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Research found on the experience of parenting children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) focused on the experiences of mothers, with much of the research about fathering centering around the experiences of White fathers, mostly heterosexual, with some attention to the experiences of gay White fathers. This study filled the gap by exploring the experiences of African American (AA) gay fathers raising a child diagnosed with ASD. The purpose of this descriptive qualitative study was to explore the lived experiences and understand how these fathers access resources for their child and the barriers they deal with. Bowen’s family system theory guided …

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The Lived Experiences Of Homelessness Of Former Foster Youth Navigating Their Way Into Adulthood, Debra B. Hampton Jan 2023

The Lived Experiences Of Homelessness Of Former Foster Youth Navigating Their Way Into Adulthood, Debra B. Hampton

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

AbstractYouth exiting the U.S. foster care system can experience a complicated process as well as lack of support and resources to help in their transition. Also, despite federal policies in place, these youth can face socioeconomic challenges that lead to homelessness. The purpose of this qualitative, hermeneutic, phenomenological study was to explore the lived experiences of homelessness of adults who age out of the foster care system without continued support when they turn 18. Social capital theory provided a theoretical foundation for the study. Participants were 10 individuals 18 years of age and over who exited out of foster care …

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The Experience Of Compassion Fatigue In School Counselors, Melissa Lynn Manganaro Jan 2023

The Experience Of Compassion Fatigue In School Counselors, Melissa Lynn Manganaro

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

School counselors play a crucial role in U.S. education. In recent years, their student caseloads have increased as more students are diagnosed with a mental health disorder. With additional stressors from providing social/emotional counseling, school counselors are vulnerable to secondary traumatic stress, vicarious trauma, and compassion fatigue; however, research was limited on counselors' experiences of these conditions. The purpose of this qualitative study was to gain understanding of school counselors' experiences of compassion fatigue and strategies for coping. Ten school counselors from public schools in Arizona, who had scored in the moderate- to high-risk range on the Compassion Fatigue Self-Test, …

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Lived Experiences Of Female Executives Leading During The Covid-19 Pandemic, Jane Loya Ryan Jan 2023

Lived Experiences Of Female Executives Leading During The Covid-19 Pandemic, Jane Loya Ryan

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

AbstractThis basic qualitative study was conducted to explore the authentic leadership experiences of women as they navigated through the COVID-19 pandemic, including the challenges they faced, the decisions they made, the lessons learned, and what they would do differently in the future. The conceptual framework used in this study was the role congruity theory of prejudice toward female leaders and humanistic motivation theory, which were used to examine the gender disparities that pose challenges for female leaders. The research involved conducting online conference interviews with nine individuals. Volunteers met the following selection criteria: identified as a female with five or …

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Young Adults’ Romantic Relationships: The Relation Between Perceived Pressure To Disclose And Disclosure To Romantic Partners, Jessica Truscott Jan 2023

Young Adults’ Romantic Relationships: The Relation Between Perceived Pressure To Disclose And Disclosure To Romantic Partners, Jessica Truscott

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

AbstractThe most personal level of communication is intentional self-disclosure of one’s feelings or thoughts with another individual. Within the context of romantic relationships, disclosure between partners has implications for the relationships and for individual well-being. However, less is known about whether perceived pressure to disclose is related to young adults’ amount of disclosure to their partners. The theoretical frameworks applied to this study included social penetration theory, self-disclosure theory, and Reis and Shaver’s intimacy process model. The primary purpose of this quantitative secondary analysis of previously collected data by Rose was to test whether young adults’ perceived pressure from their …

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African American Women’S Perceptions Of African American Men’S Preferences Of Female Body Size, Misty Withers Jan 2023

African American Women’S Perceptions Of African American Men’S Preferences Of Female Body Size, Misty Withers

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Obesity is a chronic disease that is caused by unbalanced nutrition, sedentary lifestyles, and genetics. This research focused on the problem African American (AA) women face, which leads to a risk for diabetes, hypertension, heart disease, and various cancers. The inconsistency in the literature regarding additional factors related to obesity among AA women prompted this research. The purpose of this qualitative study was to gain a greater understanding of AA women’s perceptions of AA men preferences about female body sizes. The prototype willingness model was selected as the theoretical framework for this study to examine AA women’s discussions about their …

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The Relationship Between Exercise Self-Efficacy, Fear-Avoidance Beliefs, And Exercise In Individual’S With Postural Orthostatic Tachycardia Syndrome, Mary Bridget Collins Jan 2023

The Relationship Between Exercise Self-Efficacy, Fear-Avoidance Beliefs, And Exercise In Individual’S With Postural Orthostatic Tachycardia Syndrome, Mary Bridget Collins

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Postural orthostatic tachycardia syndrome (POTS) is a form of dysautonomia in which the autonomic nervous system malfunctions. An effective treatment for POTS is exercise; however, many individuals with POTS are unable to complete a standardized exercise regimen. The purpose of this study was to improve the understanding of why individuals with POTS may or may not engage in the beneficial practice of exercise by exploring factors such as low exercise self-efficacy (ESE) and elevated fear-avoidance beliefs (FAB). The theoretical foundation that grounded this study was the social learning theory (SLT) and social cognitive theory (SCT). The research questions explored the …

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Glass Ceiling Encountered By Female Chief Executive Officers As They Advance To C-Level Positions In International Nonprofit Sports Organizations., Eric Edokpaigbe Idehen Jan 2023

Glass Ceiling Encountered By Female Chief Executive Officers As They Advance To C-Level Positions In International Nonprofit Sports Organizations., Eric Edokpaigbe Idehen

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Women are underrepresented as chief executive officers (CEOs), executive-level officers, board directors, and national sports organization board chairs in 45 countries. Despite social movements, laws, and practices supporting equal employment opportunities and workplace equality, women in top senior-level positions are still lacking. The purpose of this study was to explore the challenges women face in terms of obtaining CEO leadership roles in international nonprofit sports organizations. The study involved exploring limitations eight women faced when aspiring to CEO positions in terms of leadership development, talent management, and policies involving international nonprofit sports organizations. This study employed a qualitative descriptive phenomenological …

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Gender Transitioning In Childhood: A Hermeneutic Study Of Parental Reactions, Ashley Rosenberg Jan 2023

Gender Transitioning In Childhood: A Hermeneutic Study Of Parental Reactions, Ashley Rosenberg

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

The visibility of the transgender community has grown in recent years. The purpose of the hermeneutic phenomenological study was to understand and provide context to the experiences of parents whose children have transitioned from their assigned birth sex to their authentic gender identity. The theoretical framework used was Kubler Ross’ “Five Stages of Grief.” Participants were interviewed by using semi structured interviews on Zoom. A total of 6 people participated in my study. Common themes emerged as a result of my study, which parallel previous research studies. These themes included shock and denial, a sense of grief and loss, feelings …

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Differences In Criminal Behavior Based On Experiences Involving Parental Incarceration, Brooke Bowie Fitzgerald Jan 2023

Differences In Criminal Behavior Based On Experiences Involving Parental Incarceration, Brooke Bowie Fitzgerald

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Parental abandonment, a form of abuse and neglect, can be experienced due to various factors, including incarceration. When parents are incarcerated, children may face factors such as housing instability, financial strain, behavioral problems, mental health issues, and criminal justice involvement. Due to little research that is available, there are challenges in terms of providing programs to children in this position that could focus on preventing negative impacts of parental incarceration in order to combat substance abuse and criminal behaviors, promote better adjustment to stressors, and support mental health treatment. The attachment theory, developed by Bowlby, Ainsworth, and Blatz was used …

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Spiritual Care Visits During Palliative Care Predicting Discharge Location, Saundra Denise Casey Jan 2023

Spiritual Care Visits During Palliative Care Predicting Discharge Location, Saundra Denise Casey

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

AbstractSpiritual care has an important role in the caring of terminally ill patients and their families. However, there is little research demonstrating the relationship between spiritual care in palliative settings and discharge location of terminally ill patients. This study addressed spiritual care as a part of the palliative care services. A total of 186 records were reviewed from the spiritual care department at a hospital in Michigan. Kirkpatrick and Shaver’s attachment theory was used to evaluate the relationship between palliative care and discharge location. The research questions addressed the relationship between spiritual care visits, gender, age, religion, primary diagnosis, and …

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Lived Experiences Of Job-Hopping Millennials During The Covid-19 Pandemic, Dottie Dancy Jan 2023

Lived Experiences Of Job-Hopping Millennials During The Covid-19 Pandemic, Dottie Dancy

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Millennials, also known as “the job-hopping generation,” are on the brink of becoming the largest generation in the workforce by 2025. In March 2020, a global pandemic was declared due to the spread of the virus known as COVID-19, which led to more than 5.3 million deaths globally. Prior research has been conducted concerning the job-hopping tendencies of Millennials, but previous studies have not incorporated the life-changing event of the global pandemic and how it may have changed the beliefs and attitudes of the Millennial generation. The purpose of this qualitative study was to explore the voluntary job-hopping beliefs and …

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The Interrelationship Between Sensorimotor Deficits And Maladaptive Behavior In The Classroom, L B Marie Filion Jan 2023

The Interrelationship Between Sensorimotor Deficits And Maladaptive Behavior In The Classroom, L B Marie Filion

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Mainstreaming special education students has created challenges for teachers, resulting in significant lesson time allocated to classroom disruptions related to maladaptive behavior. This correlational study examined the extent to which specific sensorimotor deficits predict maladaptive behavior among special education students (aged 8-12 years) based on archival data of teacher assessments in New Zealand. Piaget’s cognitive and affective development theory was used as the theoretical foundation. Results from standard multiple regression demonstrated that higher levels of sensorimotor deficits (vision, touch, taste and smell, body awareness, balance and motion) predicted high levels of maladaptive behavior (internalizing, externalizing, and overall maladaptive behavior indices); …

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The Lived Experiences Of Young Adults Moving From Juvenile Detention Centers To Employment Or Education, Tramyna B. Harris Jan 2023

The Lived Experiences Of Young Adults Moving From Juvenile Detention Centers To Employment Or Education, Tramyna B. Harris

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

There are not many young adults who experience a successful turnaround after they leave a juvenile detention center. Many young adults who leave juvenile detention centers are at risk of reoffending and returning to the system due to a paucity of resources. It is vital to recognize the positive and successful experiences of those young adults who do not re-enter the criminal justice system. The purpose of this research study was to understand (a) the different experiences of certain young adults involving their successful turnaround story, (b) why the young adults engaged in criminal activity, and (c) what interventions worked …

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Single-Term Soldiers’ Job Satisfaction And Job Meaningfulness In Second Careers, Bethanie Hiramoto Jan 2023

Single-Term Soldiers’ Job Satisfaction And Job Meaningfulness In Second Careers, Bethanie Hiramoto

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Past researchers have informed future researchers of the challenges soldiers experience when transitioning to civilian life and the civilian workplace. This qualitative study aimed to understand the lived experiences of six single-term soldiers and their levels of job satisfaction through job meaningfulness in their second careers. Data for this study was collected using semi-structured interviews and interview protocols. The theoretical framework combined Herzberg’s two-factor theory, McClelland’s needs theory, and Organizational Socialization. The entire study was framed through this framework, and collected data were analyzed. The findings of this study indicated that job meaningfulness occurred while in their single term in …

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The Lived Experience Of Lung Cancer Patients With Psychological Health And Physical Activity, Donna Leeann Homkes Jan 2023

The Lived Experience Of Lung Cancer Patients With Psychological Health And Physical Activity, Donna Leeann Homkes

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

AbstractPhysical activity (PA) is recognized as a treatment protocol for lung cancer patients that improves physical impairments and reduces symptoms of psychological stress. This qualitative interpretive phenomenological analysis (IPA) study was conducted to explore the lived experience of lung cancer patients and how PA is influenced by anxiety, depression, and fatigue. This study was guided by Bandura’s self-efficacy theory and Engel’s biopsychosocial model. In-depth semi structured interviews were conducted with seven lung cancer participants over Zoom and in person. The data were analyzed using manual hand coding. The analysis revealed themes in patients’ experiences about how PA participation is influenced …

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Relationship Between Parental Attachment And Cyberbullying Within The Homeschooling Community, Jason King Jan 2023

Relationship Between Parental Attachment And Cyberbullying Within The Homeschooling Community, Jason King

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Cyberbullying has been a focus of research and societal concern since the advent of the internet. Both perpetrators and victims of cyberbullying experience significant adverse effects including depression, anxiety, internalizing and externalizing problems, suicidal ideation, and suicide. Despite the broad understanding of the impact of cyberbullying on mental and physical health, research has not prioritized the exploration of cyberbullying within the homeschooled population. The purpose of this quantitative survey design was to identify the characteristics and relationships between cyberbullying victimization and perpetration, attachment security, and religiosity in homeschooled adolescents. Using a framework of Bowlby’s attachment theory, the Parental Attachment Questionnaire, …

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Life Experiences Of Facilitators Conducting Psychoeducational Groups, Gussi Leandre Jan 2023

Life Experiences Of Facilitators Conducting Psychoeducational Groups, Gussi Leandre

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Research suggested that mental health treatment for those dually diagnosed is complex because of the need to treat mental illness and substance use simultaneously; hence, an integrated model is needed to treat this population. Psychoeducational groups are part of the integrated treatment for this population because their objective is to support these individuals who are going through these illnesses. This qualitative phenomenology study was conducted to examine group facilitators’ professional experiences when leading psychoeducational groups for dually diagnosed individuals. The population studied consisted of eight mental health group facilitators in New York City hospitals, group residential, and Alcoholics Anonymous/Narcotics Anonymous …

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The Lived Experiences Of Stress For People With Alcoholism Striving Toward Recovery, Gerald Okeke Jan 2023

The Lived Experiences Of Stress For People With Alcoholism Striving Toward Recovery, Gerald Okeke

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Recovery from alcohol is an individualized process, therefore, effective treatment necessitates an understanding of the phenomenon from the perspective of individuals in recovery. This study involved an exploration of the lived experiences of stress of 10 individuals with alcoholism in their first year recovery journey, particularly with respect to access resources (e.g., helpfulness and availability). Pearlin et al.'s stress process theory and Bandura's social learning theory constituted the study's theoretical foundation; the key concepts of social stress and social learning informed the development of the research questions and the analysis of data. The major themes that emerged were spirituality, hitting …

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Job Stress, Anxiety, And Depression In Mental Health Professionals: An Examination Of Experienced Vicarious Trauma And Gender Differences, Irma Perez Jan 2023

Job Stress, Anxiety, And Depression In Mental Health Professionals: An Examination Of Experienced Vicarious Trauma And Gender Differences, Irma Perez

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

AbstractMental health professionals are susceptible to an increased risk of job stress, anxiety, and depression based on the very nature of their work. The study was quantitative, focusing on profile analysis. A two-way MANOVA was performed utilizing the independent variables of gender and vicarious trauma, and three dependent variables of job stress, anxiety, and depression. The population size was 88 mental health professionals with a Bachelor’s degree or higher who work in the behavioral health field, directly servicing clients in the capacity of supervision, case management, social work, counseling, or therapy. Participants completed four self-reported questionnaires: General Work Stress Scale …

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Evaluating The Efficacy Of Video Self-Modeling Social Skills In Children With Autism Spectrum Disorder, Brittany Londer Jan 2023

Evaluating The Efficacy Of Video Self-Modeling Social Skills In Children With Autism Spectrum Disorder, Brittany Londer

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

The inability to display social reciprocity is a hallmark criterion of autism spectrum disorder (ASD). This lack of proper social skills (i.e., eye contact, cooperative play, and reciprocal interaction) indicates the importance of purposeful interaction, about which a research gap exists. The theoretical framework for this study was social learning theory, by which Bandura (1977) posited that learning occurs by observing the behavior of others. The current study involved examining the effectiveness of an intervention conducted with children who have ASD. The purpose of the intervention was to increase children’s playground social skills by having them watch themselves at play …

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