Psychology Commons^™

Kajian Hubungan Antara Iklim Keselamatan Psikososial (Psychosocial Safety Climate) Dengan Perundungan Di Tempat Kerja (Workplace Bullying) Di Pt Wid, Ika Wahyuningtias, Dadan Erwandi, Sjahrul Meizar Nasri, Abdul Kadir

National Journal of Occupational Health and Safety

This study aims to examine and analyze the correlation and influence of Psychosocial Safety Climate on the occurrence of workplace bullying at PT WID (a power generation company) involving six power plant work areas across Indonesia. Methods: This research employed a cross-sectional study design involving 100 workers from the Operational & Maintenance business line who were aged above 17 years and had a minimum of six months of work experience. Participants were asked to complete the Psychosocial Safety Climate (PSC-12) questionnaire to measure the level of psychosocial safety climate and the Negative Acts Questionnaire-Revised (NAQ-R) to determine the level of …

Hubungan Antara Iklim Keselamatan Dengan Perilaku Keselamatan Pada Pekerja Proyek Pln Pusmapro Pst Jateng I, Charisha Kumala, Doni Hikmat Hikmat Ramdhan

National Journal of Occupational Health and Safety

Background: A safety management system is essential for implementation in the construction industry to manage safety at project sites. The sustainability of the running system can be assessed by analyzing the relationship between safety climate and safety behavior without having to wait for an accident to occur. Objective: To analyze the relationship between safety climate and safety behavior among workers at PLN PUSMANPRO in the PST JATENG I electrical construction project. Methods: This cross-sectional study involved 120 workers at the PLN PUSMANPRO PST JATENG I Project. Primary data were obtained using a Likert scale questionnaire that referred to questionnaires …

Primary Caregivers’ Reports Of Early Literacy Skills And Supporting Children’S Literacy Success Through Home-School Collaboration, Emily A. Smith

Educational Specialist, 2020-current

Two kindergarten parents were interviewed about the home literacy environment and effective home-school collaborative practices. Both parents identified as being key contributors to their child’s literacy success through frequently reading to their child, providing access to books within the home, and fostering a sense of learning and reading interest in their child. Both parents gave insights into the communication they have with their child’s teacher and the resources that are provided by the school to support academic or literacy related needs of their kindergarteners. The interest of this study was to obtain the perspectives of kindergarten parents about the current …

A Qualitative Study Of Resiliency Factors Among Gender And Sexual Minority Students In Schools Without Known Protective Factors, Anna Weaver

Educational Specialist, 2020-current

Gender and sexual minority (GSM) students are one of the most vulnerable populations in schools today. Current research identifies numerous protective factors known to positively impact students’ overall outcomes. However, it is still common to find schools that do not allow these protective factors to exist. This study seeks to gain a better understanding of the patterns and pathways of resiliency within the GSM community when known environmental protective factors do not exist. Interviews were conducted with five participants who shared their experiences of access to supports in high school. The goal of this study is to document and describe …

Learning To Learn From Video? 30-Month-Olds Benefit From Continued Use Of Supportive Scaffolding, Gabrielle Strouse, Patricia Ganea

School of Education Faculty Publications

Young children struggle to learn new words presented on video, but adult co-viewers can support them by providing scaffolds that explicitly connect the video and real world. In this study, we asked whether scaffolding facilitates children’s symbolic understanding of the video, such that they will subsequently transfer labels from video to real referents. Sixty-three 30-month-olds and 61 36-month-olds participated in a series of three word learning trials in one of three conditions. In the supportive condition, an in-person adult explicitly drew connections between each on-screen object and the corresponding real object in the room with the child. In the unsupportive …

The Effects Of Ketamine Administration On Novel Object Placement And Hippocampal Ampa Receptor Expression In The Male Long Evan Rats, Ruchael Mcnair

Theses, Dissertations and Culminating Projects

Many psychiatric and neurological disorders such as major depressive disorder (MDD) and mild cognitive impairment (MCI) present with deficits across many cognitive domains including spatial memory and structural dysfunction of the hippocampus. The dorsal hippocampus is indicated to play a special role in spatial memory. Synaptic plasticity mechanisms are also critical in memory function in the hippocampus. Long-term potentiation (LTP) is one type of synaptic plasticity that is directly associated with memory function. Mechanisms of LTP increase α-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4- isoxazolepropionic acid (AMPA) receptors through n-methyl-d-aspartate (NMDA) receptor activation. Ketamine is an NMDA antagonist that has recently gained attention for its rapid …

Servant Leadership Relationship To Emotional Demands, Stress, And Well-Being Of The Leader, Laura Yang

Theses, Dissertations and Culminating Projects

Previous studies have investigated the outcomes of servant leadership on the followers and organization. The present study investigated the outcomes of practicing servant leadership on the leader by identifying the relationships between servant leadership and emotional demand, stress, and well-being. Eighty-seven leaders completed a survey on their leadership behaviors, emotional labor, emotional intelligence, stress, and well-being. Two servant leadership scores were used to analyze the relationships. Multiple correlation analyses, linear regressions, and hierarchical multiple regressions were conducted and found partial support across all hypotheses. Overall trending patterns indicated servant leadership had a positive correlation with emotional labor, emotional intelligence, and …

Belonging And Bias : How Diatonicity And Response Bias Affect Pitch Memory In A Probe Tone Task, Jeff Bostwick

Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)

Prior research (e.g., Krumhansl, 1979) using a delayed recognition task has found a memory advantage for standard (to-be-remembered) tones that belong to the key of a tonal context (diatonic tones) over those that do not belong to the key of a tonal context (nondiatonic tones). The advantage is purportedly due to the tonal context differentially supporting diatonic over nondiatonic tones. However, this research confounded a change in pitch with a change in diatonicity, raising the possibility that participants were responding to the diatonicity change rather than relying on memory for the standard tone’s pitch specifically. More recent studies (e.g., Frankland …

Intergenerational Risk Of Maternal Childhood Maltreatment On Infant Health Concerns In Low-Income Mexican American Mother-Child Dyads, Amanda Flagg

Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)

Childhood maltreatment confers greater risk for psychopathology, health problems, and early mortality in adulthood. Emerging literature suggests that maternal childhood maltreatment exposure may have intergenerational consequences for infant health by interfering with mothers’ abilities to engage in sensitive and responsive caregiving. Although no studies to date have investigated contributions of maternal sensitivity to infant health, parallel bodies of research have shown that sensitive responding is an important predictor of infant physiological regulation, which is also related to immune functioning. The current study examined the associations between maternal childhood maltreatment, infant health concerns, and maternal sensitivity in a low income, Mexican …

Child Temperament And Differential Susceptibility To Parenting : Implications For Pediatric Type 1 Diabetes Care, Anna J. Yeo

Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)

Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus (T1DM) is a chronic autoimmune disease associated with increased risk for serious complications and premature mortality. T1DM treatment aims to maintain adequate glycemic control and involves a daily regimen of health behaviors (e.g., glucose monitoring, insulin administration, healthy diet). Among pediatric patients, both child self-regulation and quality of parental involvement have been found to influence treatment outcomes. However, it is unclear whether and how child and parental factors interact to shape glycemic control. The differential susceptibility hypothesis proposes that children with certain regulatory vulnerabilities (e.g., high negative affectivity [NA], low effortful control [EC]) may be more …

A Comparison Of Implicit And Explicit Error Detection And Their Effects On Purchase Intention And Judgments Of Quality, Rachel Fernandes

Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)

In an online study of purchase intent based on Chinese menu inspection, explicitly noticing grammatical errors by hotspot click was more detrimental to judgments of quality than implicit detection by error estimation. When they estimated errors in a survey question (ordinal measure), participants who reported many (more than nine) errors had lower purchase intent and ratings of quality compared to those with few (about six) or no errors. However, with the more novel, continuous measure based on hotspot detection, participant purchase intent did not decrease as the number of errors noticed increased. Importantly, there were no differences between the hotspot …

Factors Influencing Psychotherapy Completion In Children Exposed To Adverse Childhood Experiences, Cheryl Kayleen Best

Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)

Child maltreatment and childhood adversity are associated with a broad range of poor mental and physical health outcomes throughout the lifespan. The consequences of childhood adversity have led psychologists in efforts to identify the most effective therapeutic approaches and interventions with which to address the negative effects of childhood trauma. Even as a number of efficacious treatments have been established as best practices for treating childhood trauma, barriers exist in community mental health settings that oftentimes prevent full implementation of these interventions and practices. A growing body of research has focused on better understanding the high rates of attrition from …

Moral Circles And Mind Perception Shift Perceptions Of Effective Altruism, Kyle Fiore Law

Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)

Across a re-analysis of an existing dataset (Study 1; N = 96) and a higher-powered new study (Study 2; N = 300), we reveal that moral valuation of environmentalism over humanitarianism predicts less favorable moral judgments of effective altruism (i.e., welfare-maximizing socially distant altruism directed at humans) that is performed at the exclusion of helping animals in need. Furthermore, this relationship is explained by tendencies in mind perception to dehumanize outgroup members and stigmatized humans, rather than tendencies to anthropomorphize animals (Study 2). These findings reveal that granular versus aggregate individual differences in moral circles and mind perception may be …

Explicit And Implicit Attitudes Towards Prisoners: The Impact Of Level Of Contact, Samantha Peka

USC Aiken Psychology Theses

Objective: Prisoners and ex-prisoners face overt and covert forms of prejudice and discrimination (e.g., barriers to employment, housing, healthcare, voting rights). Fueling this prejudice and discrimination are implicit and explicit negative attitudes towards prisoners. Negative implicit and explicit attitudes play a major role into successful reintegration into society post-release. The purpose of this study was to examine if exposure to prisoners/ex-prisoners and political affiliation influence implicit and explicit attitudes.

Method: Participants (n = 73) completed a prisoner Implicit Association Test (IAT). Then, participants completed the explicit measures, Social Distance Scale, Attribute Questionnaire, Belief in Redeemability, Attitudes Towards Prisoners, and Prosociality …

The Effect Of Feedback On State Narcissism, Ian C. Kloss

USC Aiken Psychology Theses

Objective: Prior research suggests that grandiose and vulnerable narcissists differ from one another in their responses to various threats—among these results is a finding suggesting individuals displaying grandiose narcissism are more likely to report negative mood states following an imaginal achievement failure, while individuals displaying vulnerable narcissism report more negative mood following an imagined romantic rejection. Further, a body of literature within the field of narcissism examines whether grandiose and vulnerable narcissism are better conceived as stable traits or as states that may fluctuate within an individual. This study sought to determine whether state grandiose and vulnerable narcissism might differ …

Reinstatement Of Item-Specific Contextual Details During Retrieval Supports Recombination-Related False Memories, Alexis C. Carpenter, Preston P. Thakral, Alison R. Preston, Daniel L. Schacter

Psychology: Faculty Publications

Flexible retrieval mechanisms that allow us to infer relationships across events may also lead to memory errors or distortion when details of one event are misattributed to the related event. Here, we tested how making successful inferences alters representation of overlapping events, leading to false memories. Participants encoded overlapping associations (‘AB’ and ‘BC’), each of which was superimposed on different indoor and outdoor scenes that were pre-exposed prior to associative learning. Participants were subsequently tested on both the directly learned pairs (‘AB’ and ‘BC’) and inferred relationships across pairs (‘AC’). We predicted that when people make a correct inference, features …

The Relationship Between Sex Role, Mindfulness, Perceived Stress, Anxiety, And Flow In Team Sport Female Athletes, Vanessa Chafos

Seton Hall University Dissertations and Theses (ETDs)

In recent years, studies have emerged that support the use of mindfulness interventions to enhance sport performance (Cathcart et al, 2014; Gardner & Moore, 2012; Jekauc et al., 2017; Kee & Wang, 2008; Moen et al., 2015). Among these studies, there is a gap in the literature in regards to sex role and mindfulness, perception of stress, and ability to reach a flow state. This study discusses current sport psychology literature and explores the relationship between sex role, mindfulness, perceived stress, anxiety, and flow among 185 team sport female athletes. Correlational Analyses from this study indicated that there is a …

Development And Validation Of A Novel Social Networking Site Use Measure, Alison Tuck

Arts & Sciences Graduate Student Theses and Dissertations

No abstract provided.

A Values-Based Self-Management Program For Undergraduate Students With Remote Delivery: Looking At Emotion Regulation, Sara Elizabeth Johnson

Graduate Theses/Dissertations

College students face significant levels of stress (American College Health Association, 2019) and recent data suggests a high prevalence of diagnostic-level mental health concerns being reported by students and treated by mental health professionals (Blanco et al., 2008). College counseling centers are thus facing an increase in demand for services, creating a growing need for innovative treatment options to flexibly accommodate the demand (Center for Collegiate Mental Health, 2016). In response to the unique needs of college students, Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT)-based interventions have received support for their use in increasing wellbeing in engineering students and graduate students (Abiadbe …

Translating Risk Information To Protective Action: Examining Household Response To Information About Earthquake Hazards And Risk, Carson C. Macpherson-Krutsky

Boise State University Theses and Dissertations

Natural hazards have been a part of the landscape since its existence, but they are becoming more devastating as they intersect with growing populations and as climate change increases their frequency and intensity. As these changes occur, the need to understand how to reduce disaster impacts becomes paramount. Despite growing concern and increasing costs of disasters over the past decade, household preparedness, which is at the foundation of disaster readiness, has seen little to no improvement. Using two research experiments, we adopt the Protective Action Decision Model (PADM; Lindell & Perry, 2004; 2012) as a framework to investigate what motivates …

A Re-Examination Of The Motivations For Using Substances Questionnaire: Motives For Alcohol And Simultaneous Alcohol And Marijuana Use, Taylor Altenberger

Dissertations

The growing body of research examining simultaneous alcohol and marijuana (SAM) use suggests motivations for alcohol-only, marijuana-only, and SAM use, especially among college-aged people, warrant further examination to ultimately tailor interventions to not only specific substances but also the underlying motivations for using those substances. Thus, the purpose of the present study was to test the measurement invariance of a novel broadband motives measure, the Motivations for Using Substances Questionnaire (MUSQ), across alcohol-only, marijuana-only, and SAM users and further test motivations’ relationships to use-related problems. However, due to insufficient sample sizes of marijuana-only users (n = 175), the MUSQ …

The Effect Of Token Economies On Student Behavior In The Preschool Classroom: A Meta-Analysis, Lynda B. Hayes

Dissertations

There has been a recent push in the literature to identify and use more evidence-based practices for positive behavioral supports for challenging student behaviors in the classroom environment. Further, interest in targeting early education environments such as preschool has been growing given the persistence of behavioral difficulties in the absence of early and effective intervention (Campbell & Ewing, 1990; Kazdin, 1987; Powell, Dunlap, Fox, 2006; Stormont, 2002). Two previous meta-analyses (Maggin et al., 2011; Soares et al., 2016) provided some initial support for effectiveness of token economies with challenging student behavior; however, the inclusion of the preschool setting was limited …

The Compliance Training For Children Model On Child Compliance: A Meta-Analysis, James Derieux

Dissertations

The current study was the first study to conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis of the literature on The Compliance Training for Children Model developed at The University of Southern Mississippi. Twenty-five studies incorporating treatment components from the model (e.g., effective instruction delivery, time-in, time-out, and contingent praise) were included in the study and evaluated for their effects on levels of child compliance. Results of the study yielded predominately large effect size calculations. A moderator analysis was conducted to evaluate treatment components, intervention setting, primary interventionist, and What Works Clearinghouse Standards (WWC, 2010) as potential moderator variables. Findings determined that …

Mentally Restorative Areas For Students: Impacts Of Nature On Psychophysiological State, Jesse Moore

Honors Theses

Situated in the top outdoor ranking city of Chattanooga, the campus of the University of Tennessee at Chattanooga (UTC) includes diverse areas available for student rest and recreation. This study aims to introduce UTC students into the collection of studies on the effects of natural environments on Attention Restoration Theory (ART) by using the Stroop cognitive test and portable electroencephalograph (EEG) headsets. Participants completed the Stroop test after ten-minute mental restoration sessions in environments of varying natural exposure included on campus. Through analysis of variance, location was found to significantly influence performance on Stroop testing and measures of relaxation (p=0.030). …

A Social Learning Approach To The Examination Of The Temporal Directionality Between Parenting Behavior And Early Adolescents' Affect., Shelby M. Burton

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

This study contributes to current literature by being the first to longitudinally examine the relation between early adolescents’ negative and positive affect and specific parenting behaviors. The five parenting behaviors examined in the current study are rooted within the social learning theory constructs of effective discipline (i.e., corporal punishment, inconsistent discipline), positive involvement (i.e., parental involvement), monitoring (i.e., poor monitoring and supervision), and social skills encouragement (i.e., positive parenting). Two research questions were addressed: (1) how are parenting behaviors at baseline associated with early adolescent-reported NA and PA at a later timepoint, and (2) how are early adolescents’ NA and …

The Effect Of Parent Interactions On Young Infants’ Visual Attention In An Object Manipulation Task., Nonah Marie Olesen

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

The Sticky Mittens (SM) task, an object-manipulation task that facilitates typically developing pre-reaching infants’ learning through active experience with objects, is often utilized to understand how experience affects young infants’ learning about objects. SM experience has been shown to increase infants’ attention to objects, object engagement, and object exploration (Libertus & Needham, 2010; Needham, Barrett, & Peterman, 2002) and facilitates development of causal perception (Rakison & Krogh, 2012; Holt, 2016). Although the majority of SM studies have involved parents interacting naturally with their infants, few have focused on how those interactions affect infants’ learning and performance during or after SM. …

Factors Related To Cognitive Reserve In Healthy Older Adults, Ann Tram Nguyen

Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects

Background. Physical and cognitive impairments are two of the most prevalent age-related conditions, with evidence that both factors interact prior to or concurrently with the earliest detectable stages of cognitive impairment. Cognitive reserve (CR) allows an individual to cope more successfully with age-related brain and functional changes and is associated with better cognitive function and reduced risk of cognitive decline. However, it remains unclear to date the specific roles of individual markers of CR, and whether or not this relationship is modified by genetic risk (ApoE-4 genotype) and/or physical function. Method. We assessed cognitive functioning (global cognition, psychomotor …

Predictors Of Aggression Among Adolescent Girls, Sarah Joy Park

Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects

Women and girls will often deny what they feel and think to maintain their relationships. Silencing the self can be detrimental to the physical and mental health of teenage girls. This stifling of the self is related to depression, earlier first intercourse, eating disorders, and less relationship satisfaction. Girls who silence their voices are also likely to have difficulty expressing themselves when they feel angry. In this study we explored the relationship between silencing the self and physical, verbal, and indirect aggression. Our sample consisted of 88 teenage girls from two high schools, with a mean age of 16. They …

Symptoms, Executive Function, Mentalization, And Functional Capacity In Schizophrenia, Yasmine Kolahi

Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects

One of the core features in schizophrenia is a deficit in real-world functioning as expressed through difficulties in the ability to work, engage in social relationships, attend to self-care, and participate in recreational and community activities. Due to this impact on overall quality of life, experts have investigated possible links between the observable symptoms of the illness, such as negative symptoms, with functional outcomes. Ample research has shown that neurocognition is one possible candidate, although fewer studies have explored the specific contributions of executive functioning, or the cognitive process associated with top-down regulation of cognition and behavior. The links between …

Influence Of Psychological Empowerment On Employee Competence In Nigerian Universal Basic Education System: The Mediating Role Of Work Engagement, Isah Sani, Rashidah B. M. Ibrahim, Fazida Karim

University of South Florida (USF) M3 Publishing

The main purpose of this paper is to examine the mediating role of work engagement (WE) on the link between psychological empowerment and employee competence (EC). The Ability Motivation Theory (AMO) stress the importance of practices that are capable of enhancing individual’s competence towards the achievement of organizational objectives. While considering psychological empowerment as one of the best practices influencing employee competence in an organization, some previous studies only considered other internal resources such like human resource practices. Studies that attempt to investigate the effect of psychological empowerment on EC and the mechanism through which it influences employee’s competence seem …