Open Access. Powered by Scholars. Published by Universities.®

Psychology Commons™

Open Access. Powered by Scholars. Published by Universities.®

2020

Discipline
Institution
Keyword
Publication
Publication Type
File Type

Articles 3301 - 3330 of 4130

Full-Text Articles in Psychology

Cultural Constructions Of Sexual Relationships Between Female Teachers And Male Students, Tessa M. Palmer Jan 2020

Cultural Constructions Of Sexual Relationships Between Female Teachers And Male Students, Tessa M. Palmer

Antioch University Dissertations & Theses

While examples of sexual relationships between male high school teachers and female students have been historically prominent, relationships wherein the respective genders are reversed have received increased attention. Research on perceptions of sexual relationships between female high school teachers and their male students has focused primarily on the perceived differences between these relationships and those between male high school teachers and their female students. To explain the effect that gender appears to have on the perceptions of sexual relationships between female high school teachers and their male students, much of the literature has pointed to cultural constructions of gender, which …

Go to article

A Drama-Based Group Intervention For Adolescents To Improve Mentalization, Michael S. Goddard Jan 2020

A Drama-Based Group Intervention For Adolescents To Improve Mentalization, Michael S. Goddard

Antioch University Dissertations & Theses

This dissertation is an innovative intervention design to improve mentalization in preadolescents. The intervention presented is conducted in a group format and using techniques drawn from drama-based therapy. I have provided a brief literature review on mentalization, and relevant topics in group treatment and drama therapy. I have outlined key concepts from mentalization theory including: (a) the development of the self, (b) its relationship to attachment, (c) psychic equivalence and pretend mode functioning, (d) marked-affect mirroring, (e) the various facets of mentalization, and (f) mentalization treatment with children. After outlining these concepts, I discuss psychodynamic group treatment, mentalization-based group therapy, …

Go to article

Bhutanese Refugee Families’ Experience In Community Engagement And Its Influence On Their Family Relationships, Jinsook Song Jan 2020

Bhutanese Refugee Families’ Experience In Community Engagement And Its Influence On Their Family Relationships, Jinsook Song

Antioch University Dissertations & Theses

Many refugees that come to the United States experience loss and separation from their norms, home, community, friends, and more. While resettling, they often deal with unfamiliarity, confusion, and uncertainty. They need support and resources to restore their losses and integrate into a host country’s culture and norms. Community plays an important role in providing support and resources to refugees during resettlement in the United States. Previous studies that explored the community’s role in refugee resettlement were focused on an individual level. There is a lack of research on how refugee families engage in community and how their community engagement …

Go to article

Social Science Considerations For Integrating Aviation Technology, Emergency Services, And Human Resilience, Chelsea A. Lenoble, Joel M. Billings, Janel M. Ingraham, Ray H. Chang, Allison A. Kwesell Jan 2020

Social Science Considerations For Integrating Aviation Technology, Emergency Services, And Human Resilience, Chelsea A. Lenoble, Joel M. Billings, Janel M. Ingraham, Ray H. Chang, Allison A. Kwesell

Journal of Aviation/Aerospace Education & Research

Unmanned aerial systems (UAS) have a range of innovative applications within the field of disaster management, underscoring the potential to enhance human security by integrating UAS across phases of disasters. This paper highlights important social science challenges that must be addressed to ensure the effective integration of UAS, the complex team of teams that respond to disasters, and the populations affected by disasters. Expanding upon points of intersection between UAS capabilities and disaster management identified in recent research, UAS uses in disaster management and corresponding psychosocial considerations are discussed. Broadly, these considerations focus on the training and development of the …

Go to article

A Proposed Taxonomy For General Aviation Pilot Weather Education And Training, John M. Lanicci, Thomas A. Guinn, Jayde M. King, Beth Blickensderfer, Robert Thomas, Yolanda Ortiz Jan 2020

A Proposed Taxonomy For General Aviation Pilot Weather Education And Training, John M. Lanicci, Thomas A. Guinn, Jayde M. King, Beth Blickensderfer, Robert Thomas, Yolanda Ortiz

Journal of Aviation/Aerospace Education & Research

As General Aviation (GA) safety continues to remain a focus of the aviation community, GA pilot weather education and training continues to be an active area of interest within the research community. This study introduces a taxonomy for organizing GA pilot weather education and training materials that was originally conceived as part of the FAA’s Weather Technology In the Cockpit research program. The taxonomy is built upon three main knowledge categories, or tiers:1) Weather Phenomena (which includes hazards); 2) Weather Hazard Products; and 3) Weather Hazard Product Sources and their Application. The concept behind the categorization is to link knowledge …

Go to article

The Relationship Between Nature, Media Use And Psychosocial Well Being In A College Population, Eve Gilles Jan 2020

The Relationship Between Nature, Media Use And Psychosocial Well Being In A College Population, Eve Gilles

Honors Theses

Time in nature is associated with a variety of mental, physical and emotional health benefits while the effects of media use on psychosocial well being are unclear. Although our society is increasingly urbanized and technology-focused, there is a lack of research examining the relationship between nature, media and psychosocial well-being. The aim of this research was to explore these variables in a college-age population. Method: 82 participants participated in a survey using measures of Psychosocial Well Being, Media Use and Nature Connection and Exposure. Results: Media use partially mediates the relationship between nature relatedness and social anxiety. Conclusions: There is …

Go to article

Effective Interventions In Reducing Caregiver Burnout In Parents Of Children With Autism Spectrum Disorder, Jenissa Rodriguez Jan 2020

Effective Interventions In Reducing Caregiver Burnout In Parents Of Children With Autism Spectrum Disorder, Jenissa Rodriguez

Capstone Showcase

With the increasing number of children being diagnosed with autism there is also an increasing number of parents experiencing caregiver burnout because of this diagnosis. Experiencing burnout while caring for an individual who depends on you for quality care can have serious negative effects on the parent but also the individual who needs support. In the following literature effective interventions to reduce caregiver burnout in parents of children with autism spectrum disorder were analyzed. First, caregiver burnout in parents of children with autism was examined. Following, effective interventions such as different social support, education training, and mind-body interventions were analyzed …

Go to article

The Crowbar Sabotaged The Machine: Effects Of Verb Intentionality And Syntactic Structure On Fixation Times During Reading, Michael Pittman Jan 2020

The Crowbar Sabotaged The Machine: Effects Of Verb Intentionality And Syntactic Structure On Fixation Times During Reading, Michael Pittman

Honors Theses

Research conducted by linguists has indicated that inanimate entities are incompatible with verbs that connote intentionality because inanimate entities lack the facilities to complete intentional actions. However, there are currently no studies that have analyzed this inappropriate relationship in real-time. To address this gap, the current eye-tracking experiment investigated the infelicitous nature of this relationship, as well as how it may be modulated by different syntactic structures. The experiment implemented a 2 x 2 within-subjects design, in which the independent variables were verb type (neutral versus intentional) and syntactic structure (main clause versus relative clause), and the dependent variables were …

Go to article

Assessing The Feasibility Of Machine Learning To Predict Chronic Pain In Adolescence, Max A. Kramer Jan 2020

Assessing The Feasibility Of Machine Learning To Predict Chronic Pain In Adolescence, Max A. Kramer

Honors Papers

"Chronic pain affects between 15 to 40% of adolescents worldwide. The impact and prevalence of chronic pain can be felt every day in terms of missed school days, strained familial relationships, and financial stress. While rehabilitation programs specifically designed for chronic pain management exist, they cannot always adapt to the idiosyncratic nature of chronic pain. Machine learning presents a framework to use diary data from individuals in pain and make predictions about the trajectories of their pain and related functioning. This study's goal is to assess the feasibility of using machine learning to predict pain and functioning by constructing, training, …

Go to article

The Applicability Of The Partners For Change Outcome Management System For Psychotherapy In South Korea: Exploring Korean Therapists’ Experiences, Sang-Hee Hong Jan 2020

The Applicability Of The Partners For Change Outcome Management System For Psychotherapy In South Korea: Exploring Korean Therapists’ Experiences, Sang-Hee Hong

Theses and Dissertations--Educational, School, and Counseling Psychology

The introduction of psychotherapy approaches to another culture may require adjustments, such as cultural adaptation (Benish, Quintana, & Wampold, 2011; Griner & Smith, 2006). Unique features of a specific cultural group, such as a native language and traditional cultural values may interfere with new approaches. Although a client feedback system, the Partners for Change Outcome Management System (PCOMS; Miller, Duncan, Sorrell, & Brown 2005) has been established as an evidence-based treatment approach with clients in the United States, little has been examined on its utility in Korean psychotherapy. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the applicability and …

Go to article

The Trauma Of Dishonor: Exploring The Ramifications Of Dishonor In Classical And Modern Society, Tamara Wachsman Jan 2020

The Trauma Of Dishonor: Exploring The Ramifications Of Dishonor In Classical And Modern Society, Tamara Wachsman

Scripps Senior Theses

Exploratory in nature, this thesis investigated whether dishonor can be categorized as traumatic. With a foundation of existing research in trauma and honor, primary source analyses were conducted on classical texts, and a psychological study was conducted with participants living in the United States. The main primary source analyses were based on case studies, centering on Achilles, an ancient Greek hero, and Dido, an ancient Roman queen, who both experienced severe dishonor. Specifically, the narratives of Achilles and Queen Dido served as portrayals of dishonor in the form of a male hero who has his honor seized, and a woman …

Go to article

The Effect Of Teacher-Child Interaction Training (Tcit) On Kindergarten Student's Classroom Behavior And Student-Teacher Relationships, Madison G. Walker Jan 2020

The Effect Of Teacher-Child Interaction Training (Tcit) On Kindergarten Student's Classroom Behavior And Student-Teacher Relationships, Madison G. Walker

Scripps Senior Theses

Teachers and researchers alike have long debated the most effective strategy for managing children’s classroom behavior. While many methods exist, the most common, and yet most debated, approach in the U.S. remains to be exclusionary discipline, such as suspension and expulsion. However, research has consistently shown this method to be ineffective and even harmful for both students and teachers, as well as incredibly inequitable (Emmer et al., 2015; American Psychological Association, 2008; Tobin et al., 1996 as cited in Emmer et al., 2015). These clear detriments highlight the need for different, more effective classroom management strategies. The current proposed study …

Go to article

Intrasexual Competition: Effects Of Hormonal Contraceptives, Hannah Fergusson Jan 2020

Intrasexual Competition: Effects Of Hormonal Contraceptives, Hannah Fergusson

Cal Poly Humboldt theses and projects

Women’s intrasexual competition has been shown to fluctuate with fertility status, and in particular, with testosterone. It’s increasingly common that women take some form of hormonal contraceptives, especially the combined oral contraceptive (COC) pill which has been shown to decrease testosterone levels. Progesterone-only methods such as the implant or shot have been shown to have higher levels of free testosterone compared to the pill. The current study investigates the differences in intrasexual competition between pill users and progesterone-only users. 773 women took several surveys that obtained their information regarding menstrual cycle, contraceptive use, relationship status, and also took the Scale …

Go to article

Does Testosterone Affect Sexist Attitudes In Men? A Simulated Analysis, Steven R. Bowman Jan 2020

Does Testosterone Affect Sexist Attitudes In Men? A Simulated Analysis, Steven R. Bowman

Cal Poly Humboldt theses and projects

Sexism continues to negatively affect the lives of women across many cultures and modern societies. Although sexism has a damaging effect on people overall, women are disproportionately affected. Previous research on the topic generally explores attitudes, culture, socioeconomic status, sexual and violent crime census data, and developmental factors, but there is a lack of research investigating potential links among biological factors, such as hormone levels, and sexist attitudes. The present study used simulated data to simulate a study investigating the relationship between endogenous testosterone, cognitive aggression, and sexist attitudes. Using the faux, pwr2ppl, and ProcessR packages in R Studio open-source …

Go to article

Uncertainty And Support For Extremist Governments, Dennis Estrada Jan 2020

Uncertainty And Support For Extremist Governments, Dennis Estrada

Cal Poly Humboldt theses and projects

Extremist governments and regimes have risen to power throughout history and the 2016 U.S. presidential election of Donald Trump raised concerns amongst scholars and politicians that the U.S. government is trending in this direction. Arguably questionable actions conducted by the Trump administration, such as the “Muslim Ban” or the inhumane treatment of migrants at the U.S. border, can be considered extremist in nature and at minimum they mimic the actions of extremist governments. What drives a populace to support extremist governments, particularly a populace raised in democracy? Previous literature and research suggests that under conditions of uncertainty, people are motivated …

Go to article

Comparisons Of Spatial Reasoning Abilities Of String And Non-String Professional Musicians, Baby Vivian L. Esenbock Jan 2020

Comparisons Of Spatial Reasoning Abilities Of String And Non-String Professional Musicians, Baby Vivian L. Esenbock

Cal Poly Humboldt theses and projects

This study provides evidence to support the transferable benefits of musical training to enhance performance on cognitive tasks involving spatial reasoning abilities. Spatial reasoning is an important skill that is essential for success in science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) achievement. Previous research indicates that students involved with musical instrument training score higher on measures of spatial temporal abilities than students with no musical training. We hypothesized that the greatest development of spatial visualization will be found in string instrument musicians when compared to non-string musicians, because of the visualization required due to the design of these instruments. Two studies …

Go to article

Lead Me To Lose: How Leaders, Uncertainty, And Competition Influence Weight Loss Intentions In Groups, Jeffrey M. Beaulieu Jan 2020

Lead Me To Lose: How Leaders, Uncertainty, And Competition Influence Weight Loss Intentions In Groups, Jeffrey M. Beaulieu

Cal Poly Humboldt theses and projects

The rates of obesity in the US was 42.4% in 2017-2018. Engaging people’s social identities through leadership may be an effective method to encourage weight loss. The social identity approach to leadership often examines representative and prototypical leadership as of the average group traits or as leaders who are similar to followers. However, exceptional leaders may also be prototypical. The preference for exceptional (ideal) over similar (representative) leaders may lie in the identity function the leader serves. Here, I hypothesized that ideal leaders (e.g., someone who has already successfully lost weight), who embody extreme positive group attributes are most influential …

Go to article

Can Instagram Do #Good? The Effect Of Instagram Advertising On Positive Body Image, Dhara Singh Jan 2020

Can Instagram Do #Good? The Effect Of Instagram Advertising On Positive Body Image, Dhara Singh

CMC Senior Theses

Research on the effects of social media and advertising on body image has predominantly focused on the negative impacts, with limited studies exploring the effects on positive body image. This study investigated whether body positive Instagram advertising images, which aim to promote body acceptance, increase positive body image compared to ideal or neutral (landscape) images. One hundred and thirty participants (66.2% female) were randomly assigned to an image condition and shown a series of neutral, ideal, or body positive Instagram images. Participants’ positive body image was then measured using the Body Appreciation Scale-2 (BAS-2) and Functional Appreciation Scale (FAS). A …

Go to article

Cultural Differences, Social Support, And Therapy Outcomes: A Comparative Study Between Individualist And Collectivist Cultures, Veronica Felstad Jan 2020

Cultural Differences, Social Support, And Therapy Outcomes: A Comparative Study Between Individualist And Collectivist Cultures, Veronica Felstad

Antioch University Dissertations & Theses

Social support plays an integral role in our lives, and recent research demonstrates that the presence or lack of social support has a potential impact on factors of interest to psychologists, such as therapeutic progress and therapeutic alliance. There is a lack of research demonstrating the relationship between social support and treatment outcomes and the role culture plays. This quantitative international study aimed to explore cultural variances in perceptions, utilizations, and functions of social support, particularly between individualist and collectivist cultures, and the potential effect these variances had on the relationship between social support and therapeutic outcomes. Sixty clients and …

Go to article

Confusing Conversations: Assessing Traumatic Stress In Young Children, Jennifer Lela Moniz Jan 2020

Confusing Conversations: Assessing Traumatic Stress In Young Children, Jennifer Lela Moniz

Antioch University Dissertations & Theses

Early detection and interventions are important for the prevention of negative long-term effects of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD). Current evaluations of PTSD in young children rely heavily on caregiver reports, and there are few self-report measures for children under 8 years old (Mash & Barkley, 2007). This study examined the construct validity of the Post Traumatic Symptom Inventory for Children (PT-SIC), a self-report measure of PTSD symptomatology for young children, through a comparison of results with the Trauma Symptom Checklist for Young Children (TSCYC), an empirically supported caregiver measure of child PTSD symptomatology. Results of the Spearman correlation indicated that …

Go to article

"Yo, I Like Your Walk-Up Song": Music Integration In Professional Baseball Gamedays, Seth Swary Jan 2020

"Yo, I Like Your Walk-Up Song": Music Integration In Professional Baseball Gamedays, Seth Swary

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

During competition, athletes are consistently regulating their own emotions (Friesen et al., 2013a) and the emotions of their teammates (Tamminen et al., 2016). Athletes have identified music as a strategy used for both intrapersonal (Lane, Davis, & Devonport, 2011) and interpersonal emotion regulation (Friesen et al., 2015), while also using music for association/dissociation, enhancing performance, facilitating flow, and improving their qualitative experiences (Gabana et al., 2019). Though theories have been proposed on athletes’ individual (Bishop, Karageorghis, & Loizou, 2007) and group music use (Karageorghis et al., 2018), they are yet to be widely applied to other sports. Further examination is …

Go to article

Using The Social Ecological Model To Build A Path Analysis Model Of Physical Activity In A Sample Of Active Us College Students, Jonathan J. Stewart Jan 2020

Using The Social Ecological Model To Build A Path Analysis Model Of Physical Activity In A Sample Of Active Us College Students, Jonathan J. Stewart

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Objective: To examine how achievement goal orientation, perceived barriers and benefits, self-efficacy, on-campus residence, transportation, and binge drinking impact physical activity. Participants: Five hundred and twenty (70.23% female) college students participated in the study during Fall 2014. Methods: Students completed an online questionnaire that measured environmental and psychosocial factors, and physical activity behaviors. Results: A path analysis revealed that self-efficacy, episodes of binge drinking, use of active transportation, and use of public transportation all had significant direct effects on physical activity. Meanwhile, perceived barriers had a significant negative direct effect on physical activity. Conclusion: Results indicate that both environmental and …

Go to article

Mood Effects And Individual Differences On Reappraisal And Distraction: An Erp Study Of The Sensitivity Of Emotion Regulation Strategies, Elsa Mastico Jan 2020

Mood Effects And Individual Differences On Reappraisal And Distraction: An Erp Study Of The Sensitivity Of Emotion Regulation Strategies, Elsa Mastico

All Master's Theses

The present research evaluated the effect of mood and individual differences on the regulatory process of emotions by using a regulation task with negative and neutral images to assess reappraisal and distraction ability. Specifically, this research evaluated the average amplitude of the latent positive potential (latent positivity, LPP) brainwave linked to distraction and reappraisal using an ERP analysis. In addition, the current study compared the modulation of the LPP to the self-reported mood of the participants and their individual differences in regulation ability through scores of a self-report emotion regulation questionnaire. The latent positive potentials from an emotion regulation task …

Go to article

Examining Environmental Use By Captive Lemur Catta And Varecia Rubra, Rhiannon Belcher Jan 2020

Examining Environmental Use By Captive Lemur Catta And Varecia Rubra, Rhiannon Belcher

All Master's Theses

There are over 100 named species of lemurs, of which 94% are considered threatened with extinction by the International Union for the Conservation of Nature (IUCN). They live in increasingly fragmented forests. To understand how best to protect them in their natural habitats, we can observe how they manipulate the environment and how they use objects, both natural and humanmade, around them. Understanding their behavior is a critical component of conservation, and observing behavior in a captive setting allows us to study lemur-environment relationships without disrupting what little habitat is left in Madagascar. In this study I investigated whether the …

Go to article

Chimpanzee Early Life Experiences And Responses To Caregiver Use Of Species-Specific Behavior, Emily Patton Jan 2020

Chimpanzee Early Life Experiences And Responses To Caregiver Use Of Species-Specific Behavior, Emily Patton

All Master's Theses

More than 1,400 chimpanzees live in captivity in the US and each has complex social needs. The humans who care for captive chimpanzees occupy a place within chimpanzee social structures and their actions have consequences on chimpanzee behavior and welfare. Two studies compared chimpanzee responses between a condition in which humans used chimpanzee behaviors (CB) and another in which they use human behaviors (HB) during informal interactions. The chimpanzees showed more affiliative behavior during the CB condition in one study and strong individual variation in responses to the two conditions in both studies. Individual variation in adult primate behavior can …

Go to article

Evaluating Implementation And Adaptation Of Moral Reconation Therapy At A Local Jail, Branwen Gregory Jan 2020

Evaluating Implementation And Adaptation Of Moral Reconation Therapy At A Local Jail, Branwen Gregory

Antioch University Dissertations & Theses

Recidivism among criminal offenders has been a persistent and intractable problem for many decades. Cognitive behavioral interventions, particularly when implemented with adherence to the Risk-Need-Responsivity (RNR) treatment model, have proven to be effective in reducing recidivism rates. However, real world circumstances in penal institutions place restrictions on how these programs are implemented and may make it difficult for these interventions to be instituted with integrity and/or adherence to the RNR model. This is a particular challenge at local jails, which house shorter-term populations and have fewer resources. Currently there is a lack of research looking at the effectiveness of treatment …

Go to article

Comparing Human And Machine Learning Classification Of Human Factors In Incident Reports From Aviation, Claas Tido Boesser Jan 2020

Comparing Human And Machine Learning Classification Of Human Factors In Incident Reports From Aviation, Claas Tido Boesser

Electronic Theses and Dissertations, 2020-2023

Incident reporting systems are an integral part of any organization seeking to increase the safety of their operation by gathering data on past events, which can then be used to identify ways of mitigating similar events in the future. In order to analyze trends and common issues with regards to the human element in the system, reports are often classified according to a human factors taxonomy. Lately, machine learning algorithms have become popular tools for automated classification of text; however, performance of such algorithms varies and is dependent on several factors. In supervised machine learning tasks such as text classification, …

Go to article

Relationships Between Dichotomous Thinking And Other Cognitive Distortions, Nam Nguyen Jan 2020

Relationships Between Dichotomous Thinking And Other Cognitive Distortions, Nam Nguyen

Undergraduate Psychology Research Methods Journal

Both dichotomous thinking and other types of cognitive distortions have been found to be associated with various mental disorders and suicidality. There has been no known study that examines the relationship between dichotomous thinking and other cognitive distortions, nor known measure of cognitive distortions that integrates dichotomous thinking. Objective. This study aims to examine the relationships between dichotomous thinking and seven other cognitive distortions, namely jumping to conclusion, belief inflexibility, external attribution bias, overgeneralization, selective abstraction, catastrophizing, and personalization. Method. A survey was distributed online, integrating measures for dichotomous thinking from the Dichotomous Thinking Inventory (Oshio, 2009), jumping to conclusion, …

Go to article

Do Violent Video Games Stimulate Aggressive Tendencies?, Megan Hamilton Jan 2020

Do Violent Video Games Stimulate Aggressive Tendencies?, Megan Hamilton

Undergraduate Psychology Research Methods Journal

This study looked at the relationship between violent video game (VVG) play and aggressive tendencies. Participants were required to be at least 18 years of age or older and were recruited through flyers in the Library and Academic Resource Center and Young Hall on the Lindenwood University campus, as well as through the Lindenwood Participant Pool. Participants took a pretest on Qualtrics measuring aggressive tendencies and after the pretest, participants were systematically chosen to either play Grand Theft Auto V (GTAV); (Rockstar Games, 2014) or Stardew Valley (Barone & Sickhead Games, 2016). Following gameplay, participants then took a posttest on …

Go to article

(2020) A Comunidade Da Infância, David Kennedy Jan 2020

(2020) A Comunidade Da Infância, David Kennedy

Collected Papers of David Kennedy

Este livro, A comunidade da infância, é uma forma encontrada para assegurar a presença de David Kennedy entre nós, que tanto o admiramos. Entretanto, resta algo que não se sabe dizer sobre David Kennedy. Como algo que escapa, que foge ao domínio da escrita. David parece nos alertar para algo que permanece infantilmente sem palavra na linguagem. David não se apresenta de imediato. Sua escrita, em voltas, por aproximações e distanciamentos, revela conhecimentos e saberes acerca da infância para tocar aquilo que infantilmente deixou de ser enunciado e escapa à apreensão adulta dos dizeres acadêmicos. Depois de afastar-se do que …

Go to article

First Prev Next Last