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2020

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Articles 2341 - 2370 of 4130

Full-Text Articles in Psychology

Happiness And Health, Taylor A. Doseck Apr 2020

Happiness And Health, Taylor A. Doseck

Lake Campus Research Symposium Abstracts and Posters

We diet, practice yoga, work out, and get adequate hours of sleep, but there might e something we are missing. Happiness is a factor of our well being that many people may be overlooking. Two hundred adult men and women will be given surveys through Survey Monkey asking about their levels of happiness and about their health. We expect to find those who are happier at home, at their jobs, and at church also have less illness, less trips to the doctors, and overall a higher quality of life. Those who are not happy with their significant other or family, …

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Academic Success 101: Strategies For Promoting A Resilient Self-Concept In Women Doctoral Students, Gabrielle Armer, Latrelle D. Jackson, Susan George Apr 2020

Academic Success 101: Strategies For Promoting A Resilient Self-Concept In Women Doctoral Students, Gabrielle Armer, Latrelle D. Jackson, Susan George

Celebration of Undergraduate & Graduate Research, Scholarship, and Creative Activities Materials

Although female graduate psychology students outnumber male students three to one (Fowler, et. al., 2018), women are still likely to experience more challenges than men during their doctoral programs (Bireda, 2015). Women doctoral students are faced with the challenges of learning how to integrate their personal identities such as partner, mother, or caregiver with their emerging identity of academician (Rockinson-Szapkiw et al., 2017). Women doctoral students often describe these conflicting roles as altering their overall self-concept, which often leads to feelings of loss, mistrust, and disconnect (Balatti & Whitehouse, 2001). This poster highlights ways in which self-concept in women may …

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Dissociative Identity Disorder: Etiology, Media, And Stigma, Leah N. Millard Apr 2020

Dissociative Identity Disorder: Etiology, Media, And Stigma, Leah N. Millard

Student Publications

Dissociative Identity Disorder (DID) is often portrayed incorrectly in the media, causing the public to know little about the disorder other than the stigmatizing information from the media. Because of this, individuals with the disorder often face more stigmatizing behaviors than the "normal" amount of stigma those with mental disorders often face. The newest revision of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5) contributes the etiology of the disorder to underlying trauma, however many psychologists consider a "sociocognitive" or "fantasy" model. Current research provides more support for the trauma/posttraumatic model of the disorder and further supports the harm …

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Examining Biobehavioral Indicators Of Adhd In Children With Fxs, Hannah Pressler Apr 2020

Examining Biobehavioral Indicators Of Adhd In Children With Fxs, Hannah Pressler

Senior Theses

Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by inattention and hyperactivity/impulsivity behaviors that are inconsistent with developmental age. Children with fragile X syndrome (FXS), a genetic neurodevelopmental disorder, are often diagnosed with comorbid ADHD (53-59% of males with FXS). Despite the prevalence of ADHD in FXS, little is known about the early manifestation of ADHD. The current project aims to explore group differences in play behaviors between children with FXS and typically developing (TD) children as well as the correlation of infant play behavior and heart activity to future ADHD attention outcomes. Participants included male children with FXS and …

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Racism In America: A Psychological Approach, Brett S. Burton Apr 2020

Racism In America: A Psychological Approach, Brett S. Burton

Student Publications

America is a country that has racism interwoven into its history and ingrained within its society. Blacks have been subjected to this racism and oppression for generations, and at a higher level than other minority groups. More recently in American society, we can see a transition from overt discrimination to covert discrimination through policies and legislation that affect racial groups differently. Foucault and Bentham’s Panopticon can be used to discuss the true systematic violence imposed on blacks and we can further that discussion by investigating the War on Drugs and Mass Incarceration and how they represent reincarnations of previous Babylonian …

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The Dark Triad Predicted By Belief In Determinism And Objectification, Rachel Boros Apr 2020

The Dark Triad Predicted By Belief In Determinism And Objectification, Rachel Boros

Theses and Dissertations

While philosophers and psychologists continue to debate the existence of free will without reaching any consensus, recent attention has shifted to the matter of the consequences of belief in free will, or belief in the alternative, determinism. Proponents of the latter position argue that human behavior is the result of causal forces, which implies a lack of autonomy in decision-making and inevitability (Paulhus & Carey, 2011). Recent research has found consequences of belief in determinism that include the promotion of undesirable behavior and undermining of moral behavior (Vohs & Schooler, 2008), impulsive and selfish responses demonstrated through aggression (Baumeister, Masicampo, …

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Oops I Drank It Again: Predictors Of Emerging Adults’ Unplanned Drinking, Ashley Rose Adams Apr 2020

Oops I Drank It Again: Predictors Of Emerging Adults’ Unplanned Drinking, Ashley Rose Adams

Theses and Dissertations

Heavy alcohol consumption in college increases risk for sexual assault, decreases academic performance, and can lead to future development of alcohol-related problems or negative developmental outcomes. Given these potential negative consequences, it is critical to investigate ways emerging adults at colleges are using and abusing alcohol. Previous research has shown that unplanned drinking is related to negative outcomes; therefore, examining predictors of unplanned drinking is important for determining at-risk groups. The current study investigated variables that are established predictors of alcohol use and misuse in emerging adults, including impulsivity, caregiver problem drinking, and age of onset alcohol use. These variables …

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Patient, Hospital And State-Level Policy Characteristics Associated With Prevalence Of Treating Opioid Use Disorder In United States Emergency Departments, Rafeek Adeyemi Yusuf Apr 2020

Patient, Hospital And State-Level Policy Characteristics Associated With Prevalence Of Treating Opioid Use Disorder In United States Emergency Departments, Rafeek Adeyemi Yusuf

Dissertations and Theses (Open Access)

The opioid crisis in the United States was declared a public health emergency due to escalating and untoward human, financial, and systemic consequences and effects on the nation. Opioid use disorder (OUD) comprising opioid abuse and dependence is devastating because of its associated chronic relapsing nature, overutilization of healthcare services, rising morbidity and mortality rates, and high cost of care. Efforts to address this have not made significant positive impacts. It is thus imperative to reassess the influence of factors associated with OUD. This study answered the question, what patient-, hospital-, and state-level policy factors were associated with prevalence of …

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Identifying Risk Factors For Chronic Kidney Disease Of Unknown Origin In Six Central American Countries And Houston, Texas, Erika Figueroa-Solis Apr 2020

Identifying Risk Factors For Chronic Kidney Disease Of Unknown Origin In Six Central American Countries And Houston, Texas, Erika Figueroa-Solis

Dissertations and Theses (Open Access)

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a public health problem that is recognized worldwide. The type of CKD in Central America does not fit the “usual” CKD encountered in countries with upper middle-income economies, and is also often referred to as CKD of undetermined cause (CKDu). Evidence suggests that CKDu is a disease of occupational origin that can be brought on by a combination of exposures: hot environments, high physical job demands, inadequate hydration protocols, and effects of other nephrotoxic agents. Many gaps remain in knowledge related to CKDu and its putative risk factors, geographic distribution, distributions of renal function in …

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Examination Of The Impact Of Contingent Praise And Monetary Rewards On Intrinsic Motivation And Creative Performance, Merrilyn Akpapuna Apr 2020

Examination Of The Impact Of Contingent Praise And Monetary Rewards On Intrinsic Motivation And Creative Performance, Merrilyn Akpapuna

Masters Theses

Despite many decades of debate, the question of whether or not extrinsic motivation is detrimental to intrinsic motivation and creativity continues to spark discussion among professionals (Cameron & Pierce, 1994). This is an important issue for business owners who do not want to stifle creativity and intrinsic motivation in an effort to increase productivity. Even though many authors have labelled extrinsic motivation as archaic and harmful (Deci, 1971; Kohn, 1993; Pink, 2009), the available empirical evidence does not match such levels of condemnation. The purpose of the present study was to compare the effectiveness of several interventions (performance-contingent money, performance-contingent …

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Exploring Psychological Flexibility’S Effects On White Privilege Attitudes, Carl Sallee Apr 2020

Exploring Psychological Flexibility’S Effects On White Privilege Attitudes, Carl Sallee

Doctor of Psychology (PsyD)

The following study investigates the links between psychological flexibility and attitudes that White people have toward White privilege. Psychological flexibility is defined as one’s ability to contact the present moment as a conscious human being with the ability to flexibly act in ways that serve personal values. The study did not support the hypothesis that an ACT intervention would significantly increase one’s psychological flexibility, which would covertly affect an increase in their White privilege awareness, remorse, anticipated costs of confronting, and willingness to confront White privilege. The study found no increase in psychological flexibility measures among students who received a …

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The Impact Of Social Support And The Number Of Searchers On Perceptions Of Consent Searches, Kaitlyn Wilson, Emma W. Marshall, Jennifer L. Groscup, Eve M. Brank Apr 2020

The Impact Of Social Support And The Number Of Searchers On Perceptions Of Consent Searches, Kaitlyn Wilson, Emma W. Marshall, Jennifer L. Groscup, Eve M. Brank

UCARE: Research Products

Consent searches require voluntariness of consent for validity under the 4th Amendment. Social situational factors may affect perceptions of voluntariness, but their importance is minimized in court decisions about searches. Participants (N = 328) rated perceptions of a consent request in a consent search situation in which social power dynamics (i.e., number of searchers and the amount of social support) were manipulated. Social support affected perceptions of pressure to say yes to the search. Significant differences in perceptions between the third-person and first-person perspective were observed, indicating that judges may overestimate consent voluntariness. There was also a significant three-way interaction …

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The Effect Of Self-Construal And Relationship On Psychological Motivations Of Dispute Resolution, Jared Syed Noetzel, Abigail Herzfeld, Ashley Votruba Apr 2020

The Effect Of Self-Construal And Relationship On Psychological Motivations Of Dispute Resolution, Jared Syed Noetzel, Abigail Herzfeld, Ashley Votruba

UCARE: Research Products

Culture acts as a lens that can influence many aspects of an individual’s life, such as their health perceptions, cognition, and even their preferred style of conflict resolution. We predict that an individual’s self-construal and the relationship to the conflicting party affects their psychological motivations for choosing a conflict style. Previous research suggests that the aforementioned goals can drive dispute resolution preferences. We hypothesized that participants with high interdependent self-construal would rate goals of animosity reduction and relationship restoration higher than participants low in interdependent self-constural, while participants with high independent self-construal would rate the goal of process control higher …

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Eeg Reinvestigations Of Visual Statistical Learning For Faces, Scenes, And Objects, Mei Grace Behrendt, P. Cheng Lim, Aaron T. Halvorsen, Karl Kuntzelman, Matthew R. Johnson Apr 2020

Eeg Reinvestigations Of Visual Statistical Learning For Faces, Scenes, And Objects, Mei Grace Behrendt, P. Cheng Lim, Aaron T. Halvorsen, Karl Kuntzelman, Matthew R. Johnson

UCARE: Research Products

The objective of this ongoing, replication study is to understand temporal and spatial patterns in our environment by using the technique of electroencephalography (EEG). Visual statistical learning (VSL) helps us to understand conditional probabilities from our environments. This concept is why we know that chairs are located under tables, not above. The goal of this study is to understand whether participants can unconsciously associate pairs of items (faces, scenes, and objects) from their short-term memory. Strong pairs become more similar to each other, as compared to weak pairs, which become less similar. In the main task, participants saw items appear …

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Closing The Gap Between Generations, Gabrielle Poeder Apr 2020

Closing The Gap Between Generations, Gabrielle Poeder

Student Scholars Day Posters

Older and younger generations are often living in separate spaces in our society. In this poster, I will discuss the factors that may cause such separation, the effects living alone can have on older adults, and the benefits that can result from creating relationships between the different generations through intergenerational volunteering programs. I will also address how we can bridge the gap between these generations and propose an intergenerational program that can help ease the aging process, benefit younger individuals, and create a more integrated society.

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Binding Morality Foundations, Moral Enhancement, And Religious Attributions Using A Bogus Feedback Paradigm, Lucretia Dunlap, Jayce Masters Apr 2020

Binding Morality Foundations, Moral Enhancement, And Religious Attributions Using A Bogus Feedback Paradigm, Lucretia Dunlap, Jayce Masters

Student Scholars Day Posters

The illusory belief that one is morally superior to others is widespread. There are individual differences in the need to see one’s self as moral. For example, religious individuals tend to self-enhance their perceived level of morality. In our study, participants completed measures of moral attitudes and behaviors and received either high or low (bogus) feedback on their moral performance. Those high in binding moral foundations (e.g., valuing obedience and group allegiance) who received high feedback were significantly more likely to attribute their motivation to religious sources. Binding moral foundations may be particularly linked to self-enhancement.

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Exploration Of The Effectiveness Of Naprotechnology In Women’S Healthcare, Cecilia Cerven Apr 2020

Exploration Of The Effectiveness Of Naprotechnology In Women’S Healthcare, Cecilia Cerven

Student Scholars Day Posters

Many women today struggle with abnormal menstrual cycles and the painful symptoms of reproductive disorders. The standard approach to treatment of irregular menses, PCOS, endometriosis, hormonal abnormalities, PMS, and other conditions is the prescription of a pill for symptom management. A relatively new and innovative method to fertility care is drawing the attention of healthcare providers and prospective clients alike, which offers an alternative approach. NaProTechnology, or Natural Procreative Technology, works with Fertility Awareness-Based Methods (FABMs) to detect and treat various reproductive disorders. This project will assist in bridging the gaps in education and overall awareness of treatment options available …

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Perceptions Of Identity Transitions: Race And Gender Not Equally Alterable, Maria Sanchez-Rodriguez Apr 2020

Perceptions Of Identity Transitions: Race And Gender Not Equally Alterable, Maria Sanchez-Rodriguez

Student Scholars Day Posters

Growing acceptance of transgender identities in the absence of parallel shifts regarding race can be perceived as somewhat paradoxical, especially in light of how differently each construct is imagined to be rooted in biology. Perceptions of race and gender as alterable aspects of identity were explored using four identity transition scenarios. Participants’ beliefs about identity transitions were dependent upon both the type of transition and political ideology. Results indicate that identity transitions involving gender (both male to female and female to male) and one race transition (white to black) were perceived similarly whereas the black to white transition was perceived …

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Teachers' Impact On Psychosocial Treatment For Latino Youth With Adhd, Margaret Anne Grace Apr 2020

Teachers' Impact On Psychosocial Treatment For Latino Youth With Adhd, Margaret Anne Grace

Dissertations (1934 -)

The current study examined the impact of teacher engagement in psychosocial treatment for Latino youth with ADHD and their families. Participants included sixty-one Latino youth, along with their primary caregiver and teacher. Results revealed that teachers were equally engaged in treatment regardless of the source of the referral to treatment, a finding which is encouraging as it indicates that teachers were motivated to work with their students and families. Additionally, results indicated that referral source and specific aspects of teacher engagement in treatment were related to certain child and parent/family treatment outcomes. Of note, several aspects of teacher engagement in …

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A Comparison Of Training Procedures On The Emergence Of Multiply Controlled Tacts, Mary Elizabeth Halbur Apr 2020

A Comparison Of Training Procedures On The Emergence Of Multiply Controlled Tacts, Mary Elizabeth Halbur

Dissertations (1934 -)

Vocal exchanges are comprised of responses under multiple sources of stimulus control. For example, a picture may contain multiple components, and an instructor may ask a learner to respond differentially to questions about the picture (e.g., “who,” “what,” “where,” “color,” “number,” “shape”). Children with autism spectrum disorder frequently have difficulty acquiring these types of verbal conditional discriminations. For example, the format of training may affect the development of verbal behavior under multiple sources of stimulus control. Therefore, the present investigation compared training stimuli in isolation to training with compound stimuli on the emergence of verbal behavior to evaluate methods that …

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The Politics Of Sports, Sydney Kopp 20 Apr 2020

The Politics Of Sports, Sydney Kopp 20

Honor Scholar Theses

No abstract provided.

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A Revisionist History Of Disagreeableness, Jasmeet Kaur 20 Apr 2020

A Revisionist History Of Disagreeableness, Jasmeet Kaur 20

Honor Scholar Theses

No abstract provided.

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Impact Of A Social Skills Intervention On The Structural Anatomy Of The Social Brain Of Autistic Adolescents, Alexis Arias Apr 2020

Impact Of A Social Skills Intervention On The Structural Anatomy Of The Social Brain Of Autistic Adolescents, Alexis Arias

Master's Theses (2009 -)

The prevalence of Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) continues to rise as researchers seek to examine the physiological links to social and communication challenges. The Social Brain, neuroanatomical structures which play a role in social cognition, is proposed to be linked to the social and communication challenges associated with ASD. An area of rapidly growing research is the evaluation of social skills interventions, which target social challenges present in Autistic individuals. Advances in technology, have allowed for these interventions to be examined in regards to physiological changes (e.g., electroencephalogram asymmetry and coherence) as outcome variables. Amongst these interventions, the Program for …

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Cultural Differences In Reactions To Tics, Jordan Stiede Apr 2020

Cultural Differences In Reactions To Tics, Jordan Stiede

Master's Theses (2009 -)

The present study used parent-report data of clinical characteristics, tic severity, and reactions to tics to explore cross-cultural similarities and differences in 223 children with Tourette’s disorder (TD) from the United States, United Kingdom, and Netherlands/Norway. First, the clinical characteristics of age at onset, male to female ratio, and comorbidities of individuals from the three groups of countries were explored. Parents from the United Kingdom reported a significantly later age at onset for their children than parents from the United States. There were no differences in the other clinical characteristics among the participants from the different countries. Second, psychometric properties …

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My Natural Hair Is Unprofessional: The Impact Of Black Hairstyles On Perceived Employment-Related Characteristics, Kalen Kennedy Apr 2020

My Natural Hair Is Unprofessional: The Impact Of Black Hairstyles On Perceived Employment-Related Characteristics, Kalen Kennedy

Master's Theses (2009 -)

The media has multiple examples of Black women experiencing negative outcomes at the hands of their potential employers and the employers’ biases against particular hairstyles. Research has demonstrated that several within-race variables such as skin tone and Afrocentric facial features influence how Black individuals are treated across a number of contexts. The present study investigated hairstyle as a potential within-racial variable that effects Black women negatively in the employment context. Utilizing the Princeton trilogy methodology, researchers empirically documented the stereotypes associated with Black hairstyles (i.e., afros, dreadlocs, straightened hair). Participants were instructed to generate traits they were aware of that …

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Sexual Minority Behavioral Health Outcomes: The Role Of Social Stressors And Self-Regulation, Zane B. Ballard Apr 2020

Sexual Minority Behavioral Health Outcomes: The Role Of Social Stressors And Self-Regulation, Zane B. Ballard

Master's Theses (2009 -)

Lesbian, gay, bisexual, and queer individuals have been shown to experience significantly more negative health outcomes than do heterosexuals. The current study examined the effects of identity authenticity on problematic alcohol and drug use and sexual compulsivity. The current study also tested whether this relationship between identity authenticity and negative behavioral health outcomes is mediated by self-regulation depletion, as well as internalized homonegativity and rejection sensitivity. Identity authenticity was associated with self-regulation depletion, internalized homonegativity, problematic alcohol use, and sexual compulsivity. Identity authenticity did not predict rejection sensitivity or problematic drug use. Evidence supports the role of self-regulation depletion in …

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About Face: Seeing The Talker Improves Spoken Word Recognition But Increases Listening Effort, Violet Brown Apr 2020

About Face: Seeing The Talker Improves Spoken Word Recognition But Increases Listening Effort, Violet Brown

Arts & Sciences Graduate Student Theses and Dissertations

It is widely accepted that seeing a talker improves a listener’s ability to understand what a talker is saying in background noise (e.g., Erber, 1969; Sumby & Pollack, 1954). The literature is mixed, however, regarding the influence of the visual modality on the listening effort required to recognize speech (e.g., Fraser, Gagné, Alepins, & Dubois, 2010; Sommers & Phelps, 2016). Here, we present data showing that even when the visual modality robustly benefits recognition, processing audiovisual speech can still result in greater cognitive load than processing speech in the auditory modality alone. We show using a dual-task paradigm …

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The Role Of Ethgender Identity In The Relationship Between Gendered Racism And Activism Among Black Women, Maha Baalbaki Apr 2020

The Role Of Ethgender Identity In The Relationship Between Gendered Racism And Activism Among Black Women, Maha Baalbaki

Dissertations (1934 -)

Black women face a unique intersectional form of discrimination, termed gendered racism (Essed, 1991). The purpose of this study was to determine whether experiences with gendered racism predict activism among Black women and to explore the roles of emotions and identity in this relationship. An online, national sample of 112 Black women provided self-reports of frequency of experiences with overt and covert forms of gendered racism and associated emotional responses, ethgender identity centrality, and activism. Results revealed that experiences with covert gendered racism predicted activism. Emotional responses to gendered racism were not found to predict activism. Ethgender identity was found …

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Ethnic And Sexist Discrimination Among Women Of Color: Exploring The Roles Of Cognitive Vulnerabilities Of Depression, Felicia Mata-Greve Apr 2020

Ethnic And Sexist Discrimination Among Women Of Color: Exploring The Roles Of Cognitive Vulnerabilities Of Depression, Felicia Mata-Greve

Dissertations (1934 -)

Rates of major depressive disorder are consistently twice as high for women of color compared to men across racial/ethnic groups. Some researchers posit that these doubled rates are due to increased life stress, such as ethnic discrimination and sexism. The current study explored the ability of ethnic and sexist discrimination to predict depression among women of color. The current study also sought to better understand underlying cognitive mechanisms, namely hopelessness and self-silencing beliefs, that explain the relationship between discrimination and depression symptoms among women of color. Furthermore, scholars suggest a call to research protective factors that buffer the relationship between …

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Malleability Of Neural Activity In Response To Treatment: Fmri Biomarkers Across Intervention For Autistic Adolescents, Alana J. Mcvey Apr 2020

Malleability Of Neural Activity In Response To Treatment: Fmri Biomarkers Across Intervention For Autistic Adolescents, Alana J. Mcvey

Dissertations (1934 -)

Autistic adolescents frequently experience clinical levels of anxiety which exacerbate social difficulties. Those that receive a well-validated social skills intervention, the Program for the Education and Enrichment of Relational Skills (PEERS®), have shown improvements in both social behavior and anxiety. Prior literature has demonstrated neural changes in response to this intervention using EEG, and recent literature highlights the importance of using neural markers to assess for intervention response in autism. No study to date, however, has examined changes in neural activity via fMRI and links with social behavior and anxiety across the PEERS® intervention for autistic adolescents. Thus, the present …

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