Open Access. Powered by Scholars. Published by Universities.®

Psychology Commons™

Open Access. Powered by Scholars. Published by Universities.®

2019

Discipline
Institution
Keyword
Publication
Publication Type
File Type

Articles 2131 - 2160 of 4055

Full-Text Articles in Psychology

Maternal Depression, Child Temperament, And Risk For Depression In Adolescence A Test Of The Differential Susceptibility Hypothesis, Karina Palermo Apr 2019

Maternal Depression, Child Temperament, And Risk For Depression In Adolescence A Test Of The Differential Susceptibility Hypothesis, Karina Palermo

Honors Theses

This study examines the relationship between maternal depression and offspring risk for depression. A child's difficult temperament may be especially challenging for a depressed mother. The depression, in combination with child difficult temperament, may cause changes in parenting styles that put the child at a greater risk for depression. The purpose of this study is to examine whether links between maternal depression, maternal parenting, and offspring risk for depression in adolescence vary according to child difficult temperament. It is predicted that maternal depression will be more strongly predictive of parenting deficits for mothers of children with difficult temperament. Furthermore, consistent …


The Effects Of L. Rhamnosus Consumption On Male Long Evans Rat Anxiety-Like Behavior, Amanda Marie Schleper Apr 2019

The Effects Of L. Rhamnosus Consumption On Male Long Evans Rat Anxiety-Like Behavior, Amanda Marie Schleper

Honors Theses

Adolescent stress in humans has been correlated with an increased likelihood of an individual to develop an alcohol use disorder later in life. Literature has demonstrated that rats subjected to adolescent stress tend to show an increased preference and consumption of ethanol. Adolescence is a critical time of development. The link between adolescent stressors and alcohol use disorders is not fully understood yet. This study examined the relationship between adolescent stress and alcohol consumption and preference in rats. Probiotics are bacteria with potential health benefits and have been well accepted as a dietary supplement. Literature shows that probiotics could decrease …


A Descriptive Analysis Of Restrictive And Intrusive Procedures In Behavior Support Plans, Kelsey Webster Apr 2019

A Descriptive Analysis Of Restrictive And Intrusive Procedures In Behavior Support Plans, Kelsey Webster

Masters Theses

Restrictive and intrusive procedures are used in the course of effective treatment to protect the safety of clients and others. Nonetheless, behavior analysts have an ethical obligation to implement the least restrictive procedures possible that are still deemed effective. However, when fading procedures for restrictions and intrusions are not a mandatory component of behavior support plans, these procedures may be in place longer than necessary. Extended utilization of restrictive and intrusive procedures could be viewed as limiting the client’s rights, especially if less restrictive procedures would also produce successful outcomes. One reason that these procedures are overused may be that …


Law Library Blog (April 2019): Legal Beagle's Blog Archive, Roger Williams University School Of Law Apr 2019

Law Library Blog (April 2019): Legal Beagle's Blog Archive, Roger Williams University School Of Law

Law Library Newsletters/Blog

No abstract provided.


Respuestas Al Afecto Positivo Y Ajuste Psicológico En La Adolescencia, D. Gomez-Baya, R. Mendoza, S. Paíno, Jane Gillham Apr 2019

Respuestas Al Afecto Positivo Y Ajuste Psicológico En La Adolescencia, D. Gomez-Baya, R. Mendoza, S. Paíno, Jane Gillham

Psychology Faculty Works

La investigación hasta la fecha ha prestado poca atención a la regulación del afecto positivo en la adolescencia. Nuestros objetivos fueron construir un cuestionario para evaluar las respuestas al afecto positivo en adolescentes y estudiar las relaciones que presentan con el ajuste psicológico. Una muestra de 1.810 adolescentes completó el cuestionario de respuestas al afecto positivo (con tres dimensiones: rumiación positiva centrada en la emoción, rumiación positiva centrada en uno mismo e inhibición) y tres autoinformes de ajuste psicológico (satisfacción vital, autoestima y síntomas depresivos). El cuestionario mostró buena fiabilidad por consistencia interna y la misma estructura factorial que estudios …


Exploring The Relationships Of Email Overload, Stress And Burnout In Social Workers, Lisa M. Lowrie Apr 2019

Exploring The Relationships Of Email Overload, Stress And Burnout In Social Workers, Lisa M. Lowrie

Social Work Doctoral Dissertations

Technostress is the inability to cope with information and communication technology which may result in stress and burnout. Email overload, stress, and burnout among social workers is a phenomenon that may impact retention in social and human service organizations. This mixed methods design uses the transactional theory of stress as the theoretical framework for measuring the relationship of email overload (email invasion, email volume, and email rapid response extraction) to stress and burnout in the social work workforce. This dissertation also explores the generational cohort, gender, and social work degree as predictors of email overload. Participants in this study were …


Unethical Pro-Organizational Behavior And Organizational Identification: Exploring The Moderating Effects Of Conscientiousness And Neuroticism, Conrad Niederhauser Apr 2019

Unethical Pro-Organizational Behavior And Organizational Identification: Exploring The Moderating Effects Of Conscientiousness And Neuroticism, Conrad Niederhauser

Theses and Dissertations

Little research in the field of industrial and organizational psychology has focused on unethical behavior intended to help the organizations and its members or the factors that may predict the prevalence of these behaviors. The purpose of this study was to further this research and examine possible moderating effects of conscientiousness and neuroticism on the relationship between organizational identification (OID) and unethical pro-organizational behavior (UPB). While no support was found to suggest higher levels of neuroticism or conscientiousness moderate the relationship between UPB and OID. This study contributed to the literature through investigating the role of individual-level differences on the …


Sailing Into The Storm, Joseph Trunzo Apr 2019

Sailing Into The Storm, Joseph Trunzo

Applied Psychology Department Faculty Journal Articles

Before she even knew what was happening, he was already on her. He punched her in the face, smashed her head against the wall, and dragged her through the corridor by her hair. The pain was searing; the fear, overwhelming. When help finally arrived, after what seemed like an eternity, the damage had already been done. The effects of the beating were both physical and psychological. The onset of trauma, at first muted by shock, would soon unfold in ways unimaginable to her. Her illusion of safety was shattered. This was her job. She was this person’s caretaker, an authority …


Towards A New Paradigm In Psychiatry, Jennifer Lin Apr 2019

Towards A New Paradigm In Psychiatry, Jennifer Lin

Senior Honors Theses

The reductionist tenets of the biomedical model of mental illness generate research methods and clinical practices that neglect significant cultural elements of mental illness. The biomedical model is reductionist because it assumes a view of the mind that lends itself to biological reductionism. Developing a more holistic model of mental illness requires replacing the accepted view of mind with a new one. In this paper, research demonstrating the significance of culture to mental illness will be reviewed in order to illuminate the flaws of the biomedical model. The extended mind theory will be analyzed and discussed as a potential basis …


The Relationship Between Identity Dimensions, Gender Conformity, And Satisfaction With Life, Alexandria Colburn Apr 2019

The Relationship Between Identity Dimensions, Gender Conformity, And Satisfaction With Life, Alexandria Colburn

Master's Theses (2009 -)

There is a large body of evidence indicating physical and mental health disparities among marginalized populations. The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between identity dimensions, gender conformity, and well-being. I anticipated that identification with a marginalized identity group would predict poorer satisfaction with life, compared to identification with a privileged group. In addition, I investigated the role of gender conformity as a possible interaction variable in the relationship between identity factors (assigned sex, age, race, ethnicity, and sexual orientation) and outcomes of satisfaction with life. A hierarchical multiple regression was used to investigate these hypotheses. Results …


Perspectives On Social Support And Stigma In Prep-Related Care Among Gay And Bisexual Men On Prep: A Qualitative Investigation, Juan Pablo Zapata Apr 2019

Perspectives On Social Support And Stigma In Prep-Related Care Among Gay And Bisexual Men On Prep: A Qualitative Investigation, Juan Pablo Zapata

Master's Theses (2009 -)

Men who have sex with men (MSM) are disproportionately impacted by HIV. Today, one of the most effective and innovative HIV prevention tools available is pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP). Despite its remarkable effectiveness at preventing HIV transmission, awareness and uptake of PrEP as a prevention strategy has been slow to take hold. As evidenced in previous literature, experiences of stigma have been found to negatively impact psychological and physical stress, and medication adherence. Social support has been found to buffer against some of these psychological and behavioral responses. This study explored the psychosocial dimensions of PrEP use among MSM to promote …


Developing Functional Analysis-Informed Interventions To Reduce Mouthing In Dogs, Mindy Waite Apr 2019

Developing Functional Analysis-Informed Interventions To Reduce Mouthing In Dogs, Mindy Waite

Master's Theses (2009 -)

In human populations, the most efficacious behavioral interventions are function-based, which first requires identification of the behavioral function. The gold standard for isolation of the behavioral function is the functional analysis, which has been effectively used for decades on human behavior. However, companion animals also engage in behavior considered problematic by their human owners. In domesticated dogs, mouthing is a common behavior displayed by young dogs and is considered problematic by many human families. Without efficacious interventions, undesirable behavior in companion animals may result in reduced welfare, relinquishment, or even euthanasia of the animal. The purpose of this study was …


Evaluating The Latent Variable Structure Of Episodic Long-Term Memory Abilities, Kyle Featherston Apr 2019

Evaluating The Latent Variable Structure Of Episodic Long-Term Memory Abilities, Kyle Featherston

Arts & Sciences Graduate Student Theses and Dissertations

I investigated how recall and recognition differ depending on the nature of the memory items and what one is asked to remember about them. Participants were asked to remember lists of various types of verbal items, including words, nonwords, common first names, and the names of common objects in pictures that they viewed, or to remember the contextual information that accompanied those items, including their size, location, color, or font. Immediately following presentation of each list, free recall or recognition tests for items or context were administered. It has been proposed that memory for context, or source memory, differs from …


Teachers' Perspectives On Their Role In Fostering Supportive Relationships With Their Students, Jamee S. Carroll Apr 2019

Teachers' Perspectives On Their Role In Fostering Supportive Relationships With Their Students, Jamee S. Carroll

Dissertations (1934 -)

Adolescence is a critical developmental period when the risk for developing several mental health disorders and problem behaviors increases. Promoting resilience, which describes healthy functioning in the presence of adversity, can be beneficial to this population (Masten, 2014). Supportive relationships with caring, competent adults contribute to the promotion of resilience in adolescents. Research demonstrates that teachers can serve in this role (Yeung & Leadbeater, 2010). While there is evidence in the literature regarding the benefits of supportive teacher-student relationships for positive youth outcomes and school climate, there is little empirical research on the factors that serve to cultivate these relationships. …


The Role Of Values Enculturation, Mental Health Stigma, & Attitudes About Treatment On Help-Seeking Intent Among Latinos, Natasha Suhail Najar Apr 2019

The Role Of Values Enculturation, Mental Health Stigma, & Attitudes About Treatment On Help-Seeking Intent Among Latinos, Natasha Suhail Najar

Dissertations (1934 -)

The current study examined how attitudes about psychological treatment and stigma toward mental illness influence the relationship between Latino cultural values (i.e., values enculturation) and their intention to seek psychological services. Using a sample of 220 Latino adults, multiple mediation analyses examined if the relationship between enculturation, operationalized as cultural pride and familismo; and intent to seek help from mental health provider was mediated by Latinos’ attitudes about psychological treatment (i.e., stigma tolerance and belief in psychologists’ expertness) and stigma toward mental illness. Further, it was hypothesized that depression would moderate the mediational pathway. The major findings indicated the Latino …


Book Review: Forced Confrontation: The Politics Of Dead Bodies In Germany At The End Of World War Ii, Christiane K. Alsop Apr 2019

Book Review: Forced Confrontation: The Politics Of Dead Bodies In Germany At The End Of World War Ii, Christiane K. Alsop

Genocide Studies and Prevention: An International Journal

No abstract provided.


Peers Matter: Links Between Classmates’ And Individual Students’ Executive Functions In Elementary School, Jenna E. Finch, Elisa B. Garcia, Michael J. Sulik, Jelena Obradović Apr 2019

Peers Matter: Links Between Classmates’ And Individual Students’ Executive Functions In Elementary School, Jenna E. Finch, Elisa B. Garcia, Michael J. Sulik, Jelena Obradović

Department of Psychology: Faculty Publications

Students’ executive functions (EFs) are linked to school success. Although school-age children spend much of their time interacting with peers, few studies have explored how children’s classmates may promote EF development in elementary school. In this study, we test whether mean levels and variability in classmates’ EF skills are associated with growth in individual students’ accuracy and speed on EF tasks among third, fourth, and fifth graders (N = 806). We find that classmates’ speed, but not accuracy, on EF tasks is linked to significant improvements in individual students’ EFs over the school year. Classmates’ average EFs, as indexed by …


Absolutist Thinking And Depression, Katherine Cohen Apr 2019

Absolutist Thinking And Depression, Katherine Cohen

Senior Theses

A key characteristic of depression is the presence of cognitive biases (American Psychiatric Association, 2013). This study added to the growing literature examining absolutist thinking as a potential cognitive bias associated with depression. We used data from a survey conducted at the University of South Carolina Columbia campus which included 116 students to compare the use of absolutist words in participants’ writing with their depressive symptomatology. We further compared the difference in the use of absolutist words in participants’ responses about success versus their responses about failure. Results revealed that there was not a significant relationship between BDI scores ( …


Children's Literature As A Catalyst For Social Change, Lyndsey Reynolds Apr 2019

Children's Literature As A Catalyst For Social Change, Lyndsey Reynolds

Senior Theses

This thesis is the amalgamation of a creative writing project and an exploration of the ways that children’s literature influences and draws from social justice causes. It started after reading Good Night Stories for Rebel Girls and realizing that children’s books are not as simple as I remember them being. This book inspired me to consider the power of children’s literature to push young readers to be aware of and thoughtfully engaged with political, social and cultural conversations. The first phase of my thesis was exploring the relationship between social justice and children’s books by reading scholarly materials. In these …


Innovative And Introverted: How Introverts Function In The Creative Workplace, Rose Needle Apr 2019

Innovative And Introverted: How Introverts Function In The Creative Workplace, Rose Needle

Senior Theses

Open office plans have become the dominant style for creative workplaces, designed to encourage constant collaboration and proximity. Little research assesses the validity of that conventional practice, or the impact of open environments on creativity, productivity or employee satisfaction for introverts, who require time alone for highest functioning. Though the “Extrovert Ideal” permeates these industries, nearly 50% of the general population is introverted—and introverted traits correlate positively with creativity. This thesis includes a survey of 143 people working in creative industries, assessing perceptions of productivity and satisfaction along with personality type. A majority of respondents yearned for solitude to complete …


Differences In Stimulus-Response Prediction And Reorientation Of Attention Relative To Student Athletic Background, Madelyn Quirk, Jessica Green Apr 2019

Differences In Stimulus-Response Prediction And Reorientation Of Attention Relative To Student Athletic Background, Madelyn Quirk, Jessica Green

Senior Theses

Within the game of baseball, every hit, pitch, and catch, rely on a player’s ability to respond quickly and appropriately to the resulting play in a manner that allows them to be an asset on the field. The most successful athletes are those best able to allocate their attention to accomplish these goal-oriented tasks. To explore this attentional orientation, occipital neural recordings of alpha waves often show a preemptive shift in phase alignment according to temporal anticipations. Here we aimed to identify influences on voluntary attention using cueing paradigms to examine stimulus-response timing relative to validity and athletic background, while …


Influence Of Biomedical Risk Factors On Chronic Low Back Pain Among Women, Jennifer Kawi Apr 2019

Influence Of Biomedical Risk Factors On Chronic Low Back Pain Among Women, Jennifer Kawi

Nursing Faculty Research

Purpose Nurses and nurse practitioners are highly involved in managing patients with chronic low back pain (CLBP). Management remains challenging with persistent biomedical risk factors (e.g, high opioid use, Body Mass Index [BMI], chronic widespread pain). Due to pervasive pain care disparities among women, this quantitative pilot study evaluated biomedical risk factors among adult females with CLBP. Findings can assist in targeting risk factors to help address known undertreatment of pain in women. Methods This IRB-approved, descriptive, and cross-sectional study was conducted in a pain center to identify significant associations of relevant biomedical factors with pain/pain-related variables. Self-report questionnaires were …


Teaching English To Refugees Through Storytelling, Emily Camplejohn Apr 2019

Teaching English To Refugees Through Storytelling, Emily Camplejohn

Senior Honors Theses

Many refugees are trying to learn English while assimilating to a new culture. The United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR) has identified several needs and goals of refugees including competence in the language of the receiving culture and participation in a new, welcoming community. Storytelling, expressing or receiving a narrative through oral or written communication, can be implemented for teaching English to refugees with these goals and can link academic learning with real life experiences. In addition to using storytelling as a meaningful way to interact with language, storytelling also fosters a community within the classroom. The teacher is …


Suicide Attempt Recovery Storytelling As A Way To Increase Help-Seeking Attitudes In College Students, Rachel A. Haydel Apr 2019

Suicide Attempt Recovery Storytelling As A Way To Increase Help-Seeking Attitudes In College Students, Rachel A. Haydel

Honors Capstones

No abstract provided.


“The Distinctiveness Of Risk-Taking From The Big Five Personality And Its Narrow Facets”, Elizabeth D. Joseph Apr 2019

“The Distinctiveness Of Risk-Taking From The Big Five Personality And Its Narrow Facets”, Elizabeth D. Joseph

Honors Capstones

No abstract provided.


Emergence Of Transitive Class Containment, Jensen Chotto Apr 2019

Emergence Of Transitive Class Containment, Jensen Chotto

Honors Capstones

No abstract provided.


The Effect Of Time Pressure On Cue Utilization In Academic Selection Decisions, Dominique Carr Apr 2019

The Effect Of Time Pressure On Cue Utilization In Academic Selection Decisions, Dominique Carr

Honors Capstones

No abstract provided.


Effect Of Goal-Setting And Visual Feedback On Rower Performance On A Rowing Machine, Taylor Donald Timmerman Hetherington Apr 2019

Effect Of Goal-Setting And Visual Feedback On Rower Performance On A Rowing Machine, Taylor Donald Timmerman Hetherington

Theses and Dissertations

In the sport of rowing, the rowing machine is often used as training tool for exercise on land. This study seeks to assess how the commonly used rowing machine in the sport of rowing be used in the best way to mimic on-water visual stimuli in relation to performance (speed) for the rower. Twenty adolescent women from a youth rowing club in the Southeast, USA participated in a study meant to determine how the pace boat feature on Concept2 rowing machines affects their performance. Using a multiple baseline across-groups treatment design, participants were divided into two groups based on the …


Information Sampling, Judgment And The Environment: Application To The Effect Of Popularity On Evaluations, Gaël Le Mens, Jerker Denrell, Balázs Kovacs, Hülya Karaman Apr 2019

Information Sampling, Judgment And The Environment: Application To The Effect Of Popularity On Evaluations, Gaël Le Mens, Jerker Denrell, Balázs Kovacs, Hülya Karaman

Research Collection Lee Kong Chian School Of Business

If people avoid alternatives they dislike, a negative evaluative bias emerges because errorsof under-evaluation are unlikely to be corrected. Prior work that analyzed this mechanismhas shown that when the social environment exposes people to avoided alternatives (i.e. itmakes them resample them), then evaluations can become systematically more positive. In this paper, we clarify the conditions under which this happens. By analyzing a simple learning model, we show that whether additional exposures induced by the social environment lead to more positive or more negative evaluations depends on how prior evaluations and the social environment interact in driving resampling. We apply these …


"Sometimes You Have To Be The Leader": A Minnesota Oral History On Fighting Sexual Exploitation, Trudee Able-Peterson Apr 2019

"Sometimes You Have To Be The Leader": A Minnesota Oral History On Fighting Sexual Exploitation, Trudee Able-Peterson

Dignity: A Journal of Analysis of Exploitation and Violence

Prostitution survivor Trudee Able-Peterson used oral histories to research and document the efforts of women and men to respond to the sexual exploitation of women and children in Minnesota. Her findings illustrate the leadership needed to overcome centuries of commercial sexual exploitation to obtain a beginning societal response. Respondents indicated the importance of their interaction with pioneer leaders in other locales. Their comments also illustrate the many issues and challenges still facing the community.