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2018

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Articles 2371 - 2400 of 3772

Full-Text Articles in Psychology

Can Nondolphins Commit Suicide?, David M. Peña-Guzmán Jan 2018

Can Nondolphins Commit Suicide?, David M. Peña-Guzmán

Animal Sentience

This Response addresses the scientific and philosophical criticisms of my 2017 target article “Can nonhuman animals commit suicide?” It defends my key claims and explores topics (such as animal judgment, animal theory of mind, and the evolution of suicide) that did not appear in the original article. It also points out areas in which further research is needed and concludes that we should be wary of accusations of “anthropomorphism” in debates about animal suicide.

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Reliability And Validity Of The Japanese Version Of The Ways Of Savoring Checklist (Woscj), Erika Miyakawa, Paul E. Jose, Fred B. Bryant, Atsushi Kawakubo, Takashi Oguchi Jan 2018

Reliability And Validity Of The Japanese Version Of The Ways Of Savoring Checklist (Woscj), Erika Miyakawa, Paul E. Jose, Fred B. Bryant, Atsushi Kawakubo, Takashi Oguchi

Psychology: Faculty Publications and Other Works

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the reliability and validity of the Japanese version of the Ways of Savoring Checklist (WOSC-J), adapted from the original English version of the Ways of Savoring Checklist (Bryant & Veroff, 2007). We translated and back-translated the WOSC-J, and administered it to 520 Japanese adults using an online survey. Exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses were used to examine the factor structure of the measure. Confirming our hypothesis, a two-factor model (amplifying and dampening) yielded the best goodness-of-fit to the data. Each of the two factors had adequate internal consistency reliability. To assess the …

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Are Allies Who We Think They Are?: A Comparative Analysis, Joan Ostrove, Kendrick Brown Jan 2018

Are Allies Who We Think They Are?: A Comparative Analysis, Joan Ostrove, Kendrick Brown

Faculty Publications

Although dominant group allies have been increasingly studied by social psychologists interested in positive intergroup relations and the promotion of social justice, most of the existing research focuses on self-identified allies or dominant group individuals who are engaging in social justice activities. Little comparative work has examined white allies who were specifically identified as such by people of color. Two studies assessed qualities associated with affirming attitudes (low prejudice, high internal motivation to respond without prejudice, allophilia, and awareness of privilege) and informed action (activism) expected to be distinctively characteristic of allies. Nominated white allies in Study 1 had lower …

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Contributions Of Religious Beliefs On The Development Of University Students’ Spiritual Well-Being, Joe Pong Jan 2018

Contributions Of Religious Beliefs On The Development Of University Students’ Spiritual Well-Being, Joe Pong

Faculty of Management & Hospitality (THEi)

"This qualitative study aims to explore the impact of religious beliefs in terms of religiosity, including (1) religious background, (2) religious practices and (3) participation in religious activities, on the development of spiritual well-being of Chinese students. Thereafter, this research further discussed how and what religiosity has contributed to the development of the university students’ spiritual well-being. 27 individual in-depth interviews with university students were conducted. Findings contribute to the exploration of how the spiritual well-being of students could be influenced by their religious beliefs. Their religious doctrines, activities and practices may likewise be integrated in their daily lives. Moreover, …

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Sourcing Enchantment: From Elemental Appropriation To Imaginal Symbolics, Schwartz, Michael Jan 2018

Sourcing Enchantment: From Elemental Appropriation To Imaginal Symbolics, Schwartz, Michael

CONSCIOUSNESS: Ideas and Research for the Twenty-First Century

Critical theorists and social commentators agree that modernity and postmodernity suffer from historical pathologies of world disenchantment. What might be done? Drawing on John Sallis’ phenomenology of the elemental and Tibetan Buddhist teachings on elemental practices, this paper investigates the imagination in its doubling as imaginal in generating a symbolics of the self, world, and other that is always already enchanted; an aesthetics of existence where the world itself shows forth like a work of art replete with exorbitant logics.

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Comparing The Impacts Of Mentors Vs. Role Models Across Domains: A Meta-Analysis, Lilah Clevey Jan 2018

Comparing The Impacts Of Mentors Vs. Role Models Across Domains: A Meta-Analysis, Lilah Clevey

Master's Theses and Doctoral Dissertations

Much research has been done on mentors and role models, yet there has been little consensus on whether the two are equally effective and effective across different contexts. This project was a meta-analysis examining the effect of mentors and role models on behavioral and/or cognitive outcomes within laboratory/experimental, educational, occupational, and treatment/clinical domains. A mentor is defined as an actual person who provides emotional support and guidance to a less experienced person, whereas a role model is an imagined or celebrity person that provides inspiration through real or imagined attributes. Eligible published studies beginning in 1995 to 2016, that had …

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The Effects Of Social-Exclusion Inducing Stereotype Threat, Michael Bartosek Jan 2018

The Effects Of Social-Exclusion Inducing Stereotype Threat, Michael Bartosek

Master's Theses and Doctoral Dissertations

Stereotype threat occurs when one may feel as if they are confirming or representing a selfcharacteristic or a negative stereotype of one’s group. Social exclusion has been shown to threaten the need to belong. Both stereotype threat and social exclusion have many common links: Each affects an individual’s self-views, feelings, and each impact one’s ability to focus cognitive faculties to perform well on cognitive tests. This thesis sought to explain how social exclusion would increase the perceived threat on related tests of sociability. As such, participants were included or excluded during an online social game, and then received an ordinary …

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Interaction Between Body Talk In Romantic Relationships And Body Dissatisfaction On Unhealthy Body Change Behaviors, Lillian Ellis Jan 2018

Interaction Between Body Talk In Romantic Relationships And Body Dissatisfaction On Unhealthy Body Change Behaviors, Lillian Ellis

Master's Theses and Doctoral Dissertations

Unhealthy body change behaviors, such as eating disorder symptoms and muscle dysmorphia symptoms, can cause serious harm in individuals’ lives, impacting physical and emotional health. Body change behaviors have been shown to be associated with body dissatisfaction and body talk. However, individuals’ body talk with their romantic partner has not been well examined. The current study investigated the relationships between body talk with a romantic partner, gender, and body dissatisfaction with body change strategies, using a hierarchical regression that included direct relationships and interaction effects. Participants were college students who took an online study for class credit. Body dissatisfaction and …

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An Assessment Of Health Disparities Among A Community Sample Of Lgbq College Students, Ashlee Sawyer, Paul Perrin, Eric Benotsch Jan 2018

An Assessment Of Health Disparities Among A Community Sample Of Lgbq College Students, Ashlee Sawyer, Paul Perrin, Eric Benotsch

Psychology Publications

Lesbian, gay, bisexual, and queer (LGBQ) individuals are a marginalized population in the United States, and this status places them at a greater risk for adverse health outcomes, such as tobacco and substance use, obesity, cancer, sexually-transmitted infections, violence, mental health issues, and suicide. The present study used individual- and microsystem-level data from the American College Health Association (ACHA)-National College Health Assessment (NCHA) to compose a risk assessment for LGBQ students at a mid-Atlantic university. The study incorporated various levels of the ecological social model in an analysis of potentially influential factors on the development of LGBQ health disparities. 856 …

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Study Protocol For Investigating Physician Communication Behaviours That Link Physician Implicit Racial Bias And Patient Outcomes In Black Patients With Type 2 Diabetes Using An Exploratory Sequential Mixed Methods Design, Nao Hagiwara, Briana Mezuk, Jennifer Elston Lafata, Scott R. Vrana, Michael D. Fetters Jan 2018

Study Protocol For Investigating Physician Communication Behaviours That Link Physician Implicit Racial Bias And Patient Outcomes In Black Patients With Type 2 Diabetes Using An Exploratory Sequential Mixed Methods Design, Nao Hagiwara, Briana Mezuk, Jennifer Elston Lafata, Scott R. Vrana, Michael D. Fetters

Psychology Publications

Introduction Patient-physician racial discordance is associated with Black patient reports of dissatisfaction and mistrust, which in turn are associated with poor adherence to treatment recommendations and underutilisation of healthcare. Research further has shown that patient dissatisfaction and mistrust are magnified particularly when physicians hold high levels of implicit racial bias. This suggests that physician implicit racial bias manifests in their communication behaviours during medical interactions. The overall goal of this research is to identify physician communication behaviours that link physician implicit racial bias and Black patient immediate (patient-reported satisfaction and trust) and long-term outcomes (eg, medication adherence, self-management and healthcare …

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Animal Suicide: Evolutionary Continuity Or Anthropomorphism?, Antonio Preti Jan 2018

Animal Suicide: Evolutionary Continuity Or Anthropomorphism?, Antonio Preti

Animal Sentience

Evolutionary processes are characterized by both continuity and discontinuity. Evidence on suicide in nonhuman animals is faint and often rests on the metaphorical or anthropomorphic use of the term. Suicidal behavior might be an evolutionary jump relatively recent in our species: a byproduct of living in groups of people who are not as closely related genetically as in social groups of nonhuman mammals.

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Animal Suicide And "Anthropodenial", Ryan Hediger Jan 2018

Animal Suicide And "Anthropodenial", Ryan Hediger

Animal Sentience

Increasing understanding of the impressive cognitive and social capacities of nonhuman animals suggests the possibility that they may sometimes commit suicide. Such notions tend to be dismissed as “anthropomorphism.” That interpretive hazard, I argue, must be weighed against the opposite hazard of “anthropodenial” — “the a priori rejection of shared characteristics between humans and animals” (de Waal 2006). If animals do commit suicide, how often is it motivated precisely by the impact of humans on animal life?

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Continuum And Temporality, Gerard Kuperus Jan 2018

Continuum And Temporality, Gerard Kuperus

Animal Sentience

I fully support the continuum proposed in the target article and argue along the same lines that we should be suspicious of drawing any strict borders between human and non-human animals. Since we can say very little with absolute certainty about human intentions regarding suicide, we have no certainty about the intentions of non-human animals. Although I am very sympathetic to Peña-Guzmán’s overall argument, I suggest that time could be taken into consideration as well.

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Thinking About Thinking Chickens, Lori Marino Jan 2018

Thinking About Thinking Chickens, Lori Marino

Animal Sentience

This response focuses on three major conceptual threads that run through the peer commentary on my target article: (1) how the use of chickens influences our views of them, (2) whether education is effective, and (3) what components of chicken psychology are most relevant to understanding who chickens are.


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Power Or Concerns: Contrasting Perspectives On Missionary Conflict, David R. Dunaetz, Ant Greenham Jan 2018

Power Or Concerns: Contrasting Perspectives On Missionary Conflict, David R. Dunaetz, Ant Greenham

CGU Faculty Publications and Research

Among the consequences of conflicts between missionaries are a reduction in ministry effectiveness and an increase in the likelihood of missionary attrition. In contrast to perspectives of conflict management in Christian contexts which tend to focus on power (condemning the other party as sinful, enforcing submission to the hierarchical superior, or separation of the conflicting parties), the dual concern model of conflict management views conflict as an opportunity to understand each party’s concerns so that the two parties may cooperate and find solutions that correspond to the interests of both parties (Phil. 2:4). The dual concern model also predicts conflict …

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Gene × Environment Interaction: What Exactly Are We Talking About?, David S. Moore Jan 2018

Gene × Environment Interaction: What Exactly Are We Talking About?, David S. Moore

Pitzer Faculty Publications and Research

An ambiguity exists in how psychological scientists use the word “interaction.” This word can refer to physical interactions between components that constitute the mechanisms in complex systems, but it can also refer to statistical interactions revealed by General Linear Statistical Models (e.g., Analyses of Variance). Statistical interactions indicate that the nature of the relationship between two variables depends on a third variable, but the discovery of such interactions does not constitute evidence of physical interactions between components in a system. Studies conducted using traditional behavioral genetics methods sometimes reveal statistical interactions between genes and environments, but the presence or absence …

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Early Contributions To Infants’ Mental Rotation Abilities, Mihaela Constantinescu, David S. Moore, Scott P. Johnson, Melissa Hines Jan 2018

Early Contributions To Infants’ Mental Rotation Abilities, Mihaela Constantinescu, David S. Moore, Scott P. Johnson, Melissa Hines

Pitzer Faculty Publications and Research

Some cognitive abilities exhibit reliable gender differences, with females outperforming males in specific aspects of verbal ability, and males showing an advantage on certain spatial tasks. Among these cognitive gender differences, differences in mental rotation are the most robust, and appear to be present even in infants. A large body of animal research suggests that gonadal hormones, particularly testosterone, during early development could contribute to this gender difference in mental rotation. Also, substantial evidence supports an influence of socialization on mental rotation performance. The present study investigated the relationship of two types of factors, early postnatal testosterone exposure and parental …

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Place Of Behavior Analysis In The Changing Culture Of Replication And Statistical Reporting In Psychological Science, Abdulrazaq Imam Jan 2018

Place Of Behavior Analysis In The Changing Culture Of Replication And Statistical Reporting In Psychological Science, Abdulrazaq Imam

2018 Faculty Bibliography

The “new” psychological science seeks to promote a culture of replication in response to rampant publication bias and some controversial failures to replicate. Two of the solutions adopted are the emphases on the New Statistics by Psychological Science and the growing use of replication repositories. Where does behavior analytic research fit in this effort? Although experimental and applied research methods in behavior analysis naturally are replication focused and replication friendly, trending growth in group designs in different areas of behavior analytic research suggests that we should be sharing the concerns in the broader psychological science community. What measures, if any, …

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Prospective Comparison Of The Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory-2 (Mmpi-2) And Mmpi-2-Restructured Form (Mmpi-2-Rf) In Predicting Treatment Outcomes Among Patients With Chronic Low Back Pain, Anthony M. Tarescavage Jan 2018

Prospective Comparison Of The Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory-2 (Mmpi-2) And Mmpi-2-Restructured Form (Mmpi-2-Rf) In Predicting Treatment Outcomes Among Patients With Chronic Low Back Pain, Anthony M. Tarescavage

2018 Faculty Bibliography

The purpose of the current study was to examine the relative utility of the most updated MMPI adult instrument, the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory-2-Restructured Form (MMPI-2-RF), which was designed to address psychometric limitations of the MMPI-2. To this end, we compared mean scores and correlates of emotional distress treatment outcomes using the Depression Anxiety Stress Scales in a sample of 230 patients (73 males, 157 females) who had completed an interdisciplinary chronic pain rehabilitation program. Structural equation modeling analyses indicated that higher scale scores from all the MMPI-2-RF substantive domains were meaningfully associated with worse emotional distress outcomes, whereas the …

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The Signature Of Undetected Change: An Exploratory Electrotomographic Investigation Of Gradual Change Blindness, John E. Kiat, Michael D. Dodd, Robert F. Belli, Jacob E. Cheadle Jan 2018

The Signature Of Undetected Change: An Exploratory Electrotomographic Investigation Of Gradual Change Blindness, John E. Kiat, Michael D. Dodd, Robert F. Belli, Jacob E. Cheadle

Department of Psychology: Faculty Publications

Neuroimaging-based investigations of change blindness, a phenomenon in which seemingly obvious changes in visual scenes fail to be detected, have significantly advanced our understanding of visual awareness. The vast majority of prior investigations, however, utilize paradigms involving visual disruptions (e.g., intervening blank screens, saccadic movements, “mudsplashes”), making it difficult to isolate neural responses toward visual changes cleanly. To address this issue in this present study, high-density EEG data (256 channel) were collected from 25 participants using a paradigm in which visual changes were progressively introduced into detailed real-world scenes without the use of visual disruption. Oscillatory activity associated with undetected …

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A Generative Model Of Cognitive State From Task And Eye Movements, W. Joseph Macinnes, Amelia R. Hunt, Alasdair D. F. Clarke, Michael D. Dodd Jan 2018

A Generative Model Of Cognitive State From Task And Eye Movements, W. Joseph Macinnes, Amelia R. Hunt, Alasdair D. F. Clarke, Michael D. Dodd

Department of Psychology: Faculty Publications

The early eye tracking studies of Yarbus provided descriptive evidence that an observer’s task influences patterns of eye movements, leading to the tantalizing prospect that an observer’s intentions could be inferred from their saccade behavior. We investigate the predictive value of task and eye movement properties by creating a computational cognitive model of saccade selection based on instructed task and internal cognitive state using a Dynamic Bayesian Network (DBN). Understanding how humans generate saccades under different conditions and cognitive sets links recent work on salience models of low-level vision with higher level cognitive goals. This model provides a Bayesian, cognitive …

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The Conceptualization Of Depression Among Filipino Seafarers, Karina Therese G. Fernandez, D Conor Seyle, Evee Kae D. Simon Jan 2018

The Conceptualization Of Depression Among Filipino Seafarers, Karina Therese G. Fernandez, D Conor Seyle, Evee Kae D. Simon

Psychology Department Faculty Publications

The Center for Epidemiological Studies – Depression (CES-D) scale is a well-validated and frequently used measure for assessing symptoms associated with depression. This scale was developed primarily on the basis of American populations, however, and previous research has suggested that the original factor structure may not be appropriate for all populations. One such population is the Filipino population. This study represents the first study we are aware of to examine the factor structure of the CES-D scale in a sample of Filipino seafarers. Seafaring is considered a high stress and high risk occupation. Based on data collected from 135 Filipino …

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Implications Of Parents’ Work Travel On Youth Adjustment, Lorey Wheeler, Anisa M. Zvonkovic, Andrea R. Swenson, Caitlin Faas, Shelby Borowski, Ruth Nutting Jan 2018

Implications Of Parents’ Work Travel On Youth Adjustment, Lorey Wheeler, Anisa M. Zvonkovic, Andrea R. Swenson, Caitlin Faas, Shelby Borowski, Ruth Nutting

Nebraska Center for Research on Children, Youth, Families, and Schools: Faculty Publications

Guided by ecological, work–family spillover and crossover frameworks, this study examined mechanisms linking parental work travel (i.e. nights per year) to youth adjustment (i.e. externalizing and internalizing behaviors) through youth’s perceptions of parenting (i.e. knowledge, solicitation) with traveler and youth gender as moderators in a sample of 78 children in 44 two-parent families residing in the United States. The findings from multilevel analyses suggested that mothers’ travel nights predicted lower levels of maternal knowledge, with variation by traveler and youth gender. Mothers’ and fathers’ work travel and perceived parenting were predictors of youth’s externalizing behaviors, whereas only fathers’ work travel …

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The Acculturation Gap: Investigating The Relationship Between Inter-Partner Acculturation Discrepancy And Parenting Quality, Casiana Warfield Jan 2018

The Acculturation Gap: Investigating The Relationship Between Inter-Partner Acculturation Discrepancy And Parenting Quality, Casiana Warfield

Master's Theses and Doctoral Dissertations

Parenting and relational factors have been investigated thoroughly in previous literature. However, considering the proliferation of multiracial individuals in the United States, it is concerning that many cultural components of American families have been neglected, including the impact of acculturation on parenting negotiation. In particular, the acculturation gap describes differences in acculturation and enculturation levels between family members. The acculturation-gap-distress model postulates that when members within a family context acculturate at different rates, to different degrees, or in different ways than other members, this discrepancy results in conflict. The present study evaluated the relationship between inter-partner acculturation discrepancy and perceptions …

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An Exploration Of The Relationships Between Mindfulness And Obesity-Related Eating Behaviors, Jennifer Battles Jan 2018

An Exploration Of The Relationships Between Mindfulness And Obesity-Related Eating Behaviors, Jennifer Battles

Master's Theses and Doctoral Dissertations

Little research has explored the basic relationships between different components of mindfulness and eating behaviors associated with obesity even though mindfulness-based interventions (MBIs) have been widely utilized to treat eating behaviors. This study explored these relationships in order to inform more effective MBIs for obesity. Participants (N = 533) from a mixed community and undergraduate sample completed an online battery of assessments. All components of mindfulness were related to eating behaviors as would be expected, with the exception of trait mindful awareness. A series of multiple hierarchical regressions showed that mindful eating was a unique predictor of eating behaviors …

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Towards A Physio-Cognitive Model Of Slow-Breathing, Chris Dancy Jan 2018

Towards A Physio-Cognitive Model Of Slow-Breathing, Chris Dancy

Faculty Conference Papers and Presentations

How may controlled breathing be beneficial, or detrimental to behavior? Computational process models are useful to specify the potential mechanisms that lead to behavioral adaptation during different breathing exercises. We present a physio-cognitive model of slow breathing implemented within a hybrid cognitive architecture, ACT-R/Φ. Comparisons to data from an experiment indicate that the physiological mechanisms are operating in a manner that is consistent with actual human function. The presented computational model provides predictions of ways that controlled breathing interacts with mechanisms of arousal to mediate cognitive behavior. The increasing use of breathing techniques to counteract effects of stressors makes it …

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Towards A Physio-Cognitive Model Of The Exploration Exploitation Trade-Off., David M. Schwartz, Christopher L. Dancy Jan 2018

Towards A Physio-Cognitive Model Of The Exploration Exploitation Trade-Off., David M. Schwartz, Christopher L. Dancy

Faculty Conference Papers and Presentations

Managing the exploration vs exploitation trade-off is an important part of our everyday lives. It occurs in minor decisions such as choosing what music to listen to as well as major decisions, such as picking a research direction to pursue. The dilemma is the same despite the context: does one exploit the environment, using current knowledge to acquire a satisfactory solution, or explore other options and potentially find a better answer. An accurate cognitive model must be able to handle this trade-off because of the importance it plays in our lives. We are developing physio-cognitive models to better understand how …

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The Role Of Sex-Related Alcohol Expectancies In Alcohol-Involved Consensual And Nonconsensual Sex Among Women Of Asian/ Pacific Islander And Women Of European Race/Ethnicity, Allyson L. Dir, Arthur R. Andrews, Sarah M. Wilson, Tatiana M. Davidson, Amanda K. Gilmore Jan 2018

The Role Of Sex-Related Alcohol Expectancies In Alcohol-Involved Consensual And Nonconsensual Sex Among Women Of Asian/ Pacific Islander And Women Of European Race/Ethnicity, Allyson L. Dir, Arthur R. Andrews, Sarah M. Wilson, Tatiana M. Davidson, Amanda K. Gilmore

Department of Psychology: Faculty Publications

Alcohol-involved sexual experiences, including incapacitated sexual assault and alcoholinvolved sex, are major public health concerns among college women. Further, racial/ethnic diversity among college students is increasing, particularly with regard to increases in college students of Asian/Pacific Islander (API) race/ethnicity. Of relevance, evidence suggests differences in sexual assault rates across ethnicities and cultures; however, no known study to date has examined differences by ethnicity and first language in expectancies and experiences specifically surrounding alcohol and sex. The current study sought to examine differences in incapacitated sexual assault, alcohol-involved sex, and heavy episodic drinking, as well as differences in sex-related alcohol expectancies …

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Structural And Functional Brain Imaging In Acute Hiv, Vishal Samboju, Carissa Philippi, Phillip Chan, Yann Cobigo, James Fletcher, Merlin Robb, Merlin Robb, Joanna Hellmuth, Khunthalee Benjapornpong, Netsiri Dumrongpisutikul, Mantana Pothisri, Robert Paul, Jintanat Ananworanich, Serena Spudich, Victor Valcour, Rv Teams Jan 2018

Structural And Functional Brain Imaging In Acute Hiv, Vishal Samboju, Carissa Philippi, Phillip Chan, Yann Cobigo, James Fletcher, Merlin Robb, Merlin Robb, Joanna Hellmuth, Khunthalee Benjapornpong, Netsiri Dumrongpisutikul, Mantana Pothisri, Robert Paul, Jintanat Ananworanich, Serena Spudich, Victor Valcour, Rv Teams

Psychology Faculty Works

Background:HIV RNA is identified in cerebrospinalfluid (CSF) within eightdays of estimated viral exposure. Neurological findings and impaired neuropsychological testing performance are documented in a subset of individuals with acuteHIV infection (AHI). The purpose of this study was to determine whether microstructural white matter and resting-state functional connectivity (rsFC) are disruptedin AHI.Methods:We examined 49 AHI (100% male; mean age = 30 ± SD 9.9) and 23 HIV-uninfected Thai participants (78% male; age = 30 ± 5.5) with diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) and rsFC acquired at 3 Tesla, and four neuropsychological tests (summarized as NPZ-4). MRI for the AHI group was performed …

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Structural And Functional Brain Imaging In Acute Hiv, Carissa Philippi, Vishal Samboju, Phillip Chan, Yann Cobigo, James Fletcher, Merlin Robb, Joanna Hellmuth, Khunthalee Benjapornpong, Netsiri Dumrongpisutikul, Mantana Pothisri, Robert Paul, Jintanat Ananworanich, Serena Spudich, Victor Valcour Jan 2018

Structural And Functional Brain Imaging In Acute Hiv, Carissa Philippi, Vishal Samboju, Phillip Chan, Yann Cobigo, James Fletcher, Merlin Robb, Joanna Hellmuth, Khunthalee Benjapornpong, Netsiri Dumrongpisutikul, Mantana Pothisri, Robert Paul, Jintanat Ananworanich, Serena Spudich, Victor Valcour

Psychology Faculty Works

Background: HIV RNA is identified in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) within eight days of estimated viral exposure. Neurological findings and impaired neuropsychological testing performance are documented in a subset of individuals with acute HIV infection (AHI). The purpose of this study was to determine whether microstructural white matter and resting-state functional connectivity (rsFC) are disrupted in AHI.Methods: We examined 49 AHI (100% male; mean age = 30 ± SD 9.9) and 23 HIV-uninfected Thai participants (78% male; age = 30 ± 5.5) with diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) and rsFC acquired at 3 Tesla, and four neuropsychological tests (summarized as NPZ-4). MRI …

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