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2014

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Articles 1711 - 1740 of 2661

Full-Text Articles in Psychology

The Reliability Of The N400 In Single Subjects: Implications For Patients With Disorders Of Consciousness, Damian Cruse, Steve Beukema, Srivas Chennu, Jeffrey G. Malins, Adrian M. Owen, Ken Mcrae Jan 2014

The Reliability Of The N400 In Single Subjects: Implications For Patients With Disorders Of Consciousness, Damian Cruse, Steve Beukema, Srivas Chennu, Jeffrey G. Malins, Adrian M. Owen, Ken Mcrae

Psychology Publications

Functional neuroimaging assessments of residual cognitive capacities, including those that support language, can improve diagnostic and prognostic accuracy in patients with disorders of consciousness. Due to the portability and relative inexpensiveness of electroencephalography, the N400 event-related potential component has been proposed as a clinically valid means to identify preserved linguistic function in non-communicative patients. Across three experiments, we show that changes in both stimuli and task demands significantly influence the probability of detecting statistically significant N400 effects — that is, the difference in N400 amplitudes caused by the experimental manipulation. In terms of task demands, passively heard linguistic stimuli were …

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Introduction To The Special Issue: Cognitive Mechanisms Of Change In The Treatment Of Depression, David J. A. Dozois, Lena C. Quilty Jan 2014

Introduction To The Special Issue: Cognitive Mechanisms Of Change In The Treatment Of Depression, David J. A. Dozois, Lena C. Quilty

Psychology Publications

Depression is a highly debilitating and recurrent mental health condition. Efforts to understand the mechanisms of cognitive change in the treatment of depression are important to optimize psychotherapy outcome and to prevent relapse and recurrence. The articles in this special issue examine cognitive change in cognitive behavioral therapy by incorporating clinical samples and clinical settings, utilizing empirically supported assessment instruments and protocolized psychotherapy techniques, and employing methodologies and statistical strategies designed to address questions related to cognitive mechanisms in treatment outcome. These articles examine the role of cognitive processing, structure, and content over the course of cognitive therapy for depression …

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Changes In Core Beliefs (Early Maladaptive Schemas) And Self-Representation In Cognitive Therapy And Pharmacotherapy For Depression, David J. A. Dozois, Peter J. Bieling, Lyndsay E. Evraire, Irene Patelis-Siotis, Lori Hoar, Susan Chudzik, Katie Mccabe, Henny A. Westra Jan 2014

Changes In Core Beliefs (Early Maladaptive Schemas) And Self-Representation In Cognitive Therapy And Pharmacotherapy For Depression, David J. A. Dozois, Peter J. Bieling, Lyndsay E. Evraire, Irene Patelis-Siotis, Lori Hoar, Susan Chudzik, Katie Mccabe, Henny A. Westra

Psychology Publications

Randomized clinical trials suggest that cognitive therapy (CT) is comparable to antidepressant medication for the acute treatment of depression. Compelling data also indicate that CT has an added prophylactic benefit relative to pharmacotherapy (PT). The purpose of this study was to examine cognitive change in CT for depression. Participants (N = 42) met diagnostic criteria for a current major depressive episode and were randomly assigned to CT + PT or PT. Participants completed indices of depressive symptomatology, core beliefs (i.e., early maladaptive schemas), and self-attribute redundancy before and after therapy. Self-attribute redundancy was conceptualized as a form of schema …

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Cognitive Structure And Processing During Cognitive Behavioral Therapy Vs. Pharmacotherapy For Depression, Lena C. Quilty, David J. A. Dozois, Daniela S.S. Lobo, Lakshmi N. Ravindran, Michael L. Bagby Jan 2014

Cognitive Structure And Processing During Cognitive Behavioral Therapy Vs. Pharmacotherapy For Depression, Lena C. Quilty, David J. A. Dozois, Daniela S.S. Lobo, Lakshmi N. Ravindran, Michael L. Bagby

Psychology Publications

Background: Evidence has converged to suggest that cognitive processing and content covary with depression severity, whereas indices of cognitive structure exhibit greater stability and promise as markers of vulnerability for depression. The objective of the current study was to investigate the temporal dynamics and causal role of cognitive structure and processing in treatment for depression. Method: A total of 104 patients with major depressive disorder were randomized to receive cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT; n = 54) or pharmacotherapy (n = 50). Patients completed the Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HAM-D), Beck Depression Inventory-II (BDI-II), Psychological Distance Scaling Task (PDST), Redundancy …

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Influence Of Priming Attachment Styles On Excessive Reassurance Seeking And Negative Feedback Seeking In Depression, Lyndsay E. Evraire, Jaclyn A. Ludmer, David J.A. Dozois Jan 2014

Influence Of Priming Attachment Styles On Excessive Reassurance Seeking And Negative Feedback Seeking In Depression, Lyndsay E. Evraire, Jaclyn A. Ludmer, David J.A. Dozois

Psychology Publications

Two studies examined the associations among attachment styles, excessive reassurance seeking (ERS) and negative feedback seeking (NFS) in depression. In Study 1 (n = 303), undergraduate students completed measures assessing attachment style, depressive symptoms, and ERS following either an imaginary interpersonal (friend and partner) or achievement prime. In Study 2 (n = 202), undergraduates completed the same measures in addition to completing an index of NFS following an imaginary interpersonal (partner) and achievement prime. Controlling for symptoms of depression, anxious attachment was positively related to ERS, and avoidant attachment was negatively related to ERS and positively associated with …

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The Impact Of Multisensory Integration Deficits On Speech Perception In Children With Autism Spectrum Disorders., Ryan A Stevenson, Magali Segers, Susanne Ferber, Morgan D Barense, Mark T Wallace Jan 2014

The Impact Of Multisensory Integration Deficits On Speech Perception In Children With Autism Spectrum Disorders., Ryan A Stevenson, Magali Segers, Susanne Ferber, Morgan D Barense, Mark T Wallace

Brain and Mind Institute Researchers' Publications

Speech perception is an inherently multisensory process. When having a face-to-face conversation, a listener not only hears what a speaker is saying, but also sees the articulatory gestures that accompany those sounds. Speech signals in visual and auditory modalities provide complementary information to the listener (Kavanagh and Mattingly, 1974), and when both are perceived in unison, behavioral gains in in speech perception are observed (Sumby and Pollack, 1954). Notably, this benefit is accentuated when speech is perceived in a noisy environment (Sumby and Pollack, 1954). To achieve a behavioral gain from multisensory processing of speech, however, the auditory and visual …

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Diffusion Tensor Imaging And White Matter Abnormalities In Patients With Disorders Of Consciousness., Carlo Cavaliere, Marco Aiello, Carol Di Perri, Davinia Fernandez-Espejo, Adrian M Owen, Andrea Soddu Jan 2014

Diffusion Tensor Imaging And White Matter Abnormalities In Patients With Disorders Of Consciousness., Carlo Cavaliere, Marco Aiello, Carol Di Perri, Davinia Fernandez-Espejo, Adrian M Owen, Andrea Soddu

Brain and Mind Institute Researchers' Publications

Progress in neuroimaging has yielded new powerful tools which, potentially, can be applied to clinical populations, improve the diagnosis of neurological disorders and predict outcome. At present, the diagnosis of consciousness disorders is limited to subjective assessment and objective measurements of behavior, with an emerging role for neuroimaging techniques. In this review we focus on white matter alterations measured using Diffusion Tensor Imaging on patients with consciousness disorders, examining the most common diffusion imaging acquisition protocols and considering the main issues related to diffusion imaging analyses. We conclude by considering some of the remaining challenges to overcome, the existing knowledge …

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Bilateral Saccadic Deficits Following Large And Reversible Inactivation Of Unilateral Frontal Eye Field., Tyler R Peel, Kevin Johnston, Stephen G Lomber, Brian D Corneil Jan 2014

Bilateral Saccadic Deficits Following Large And Reversible Inactivation Of Unilateral Frontal Eye Field., Tyler R Peel, Kevin Johnston, Stephen G Lomber, Brian D Corneil

Brain and Mind Institute Researchers' Publications

Inactivation permits direct assessment of the functional contribution of a given brain area to behavior. Previous inactivation studies of the frontal eye field (FEF) have either used large permanent ablations or reversible pharmacological techniques that only inactivate a small volume of tissue. Here we evaluated the impact of large, yet reversible, FEF inactivation on visually guided, delayed, and memory-guided saccades, using cryoloops implanted in the arcuate sulcus. While FEF inactivation produced the expected triad of contralateral saccadic deficits (increased reaction time, decreased accuracy and peak velocity) and performance errors (neglect or misdirected saccades), we also found consistent increases in reaction …

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Short-Duration Stimulation Of The Supplementary Eye Fields Perturbs Anti-Saccade Performance While Potentiating Contralateral Head Orienting., Brendan B Chapman, Brian D Corneil Jan 2014

Short-Duration Stimulation Of The Supplementary Eye Fields Perturbs Anti-Saccade Performance While Potentiating Contralateral Head Orienting., Brendan B Chapman, Brian D Corneil

Brain and Mind Institute Researchers' Publications

Many forms of brain stimulation utilize the notion of state dependency, whereby greater influences are observed when a given area is more engaged at the time of stimulation. Here, by delivering intracortical microstimulation (ICMS) to the supplementary eye fields (SEF) of monkeys performing interleaved pro- and anti-saccades, we show a surprising diversity of state-dependent effects of ICMS-SEF. Short-duration ICMS-SEF passed around cue presentation selectively disrupted anti-saccades by increasing reaction times and error rates bilaterally, and also recruited neck muscles, favoring contralateral head turning to a greater degree on anti-saccade trials. These results are consistent with the functional relevance of the …

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An Invitation To The Study Of Brain Networks, With Some Statistical Analysis Of Thresholding Techniques, Mark Daley Jan 2014

An Invitation To The Study Of Brain Networks, With Some Statistical Analysis Of Thresholding Techniques, Mark Daley

Brain and Mind Institute Researchers' Publications

We provide a brief introduction to the nascent application of network theory to mesoscale networks in the human brain. Following an overview of the typical data-gathering, processing, and analysis methods employed in this field, we describe the process for inferring a graph from neural time series. A crucial step in the construction of a graph from time series is the thresholding of graph edges to ensure that the graphs represent physiological relationships rather than artifactual noise. We discuss the most popular currently employed methodologies and then introduce one of our own, based on the theory of random matrices. Finally, we …

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Observing Object Lifting Errors Modulates Cortico-Spinal Excitability And Improves Object Lifting Performance., Gavin Buckingham, Jeremy D Wong, Minnie Tang, Paul L Gribble, Melvyn A Goodale Jan 2014

Observing Object Lifting Errors Modulates Cortico-Spinal Excitability And Improves Object Lifting Performance., Gavin Buckingham, Jeremy D Wong, Minnie Tang, Paul L Gribble, Melvyn A Goodale

Brain and Mind Institute Researchers' Publications

Observing the actions of others has been shown to modulate cortico-spinal excitability and affect behaviour. However, the sensorimotor consequences of observing errors are not well understood. Here, participants watched actors lift identically weighted large and small cubes which typically elicit expectation-based fingertip force errors. One group of participants observed the standard overestimation and underestimation-style errors that characterise early lifts with these cubes (Error video--EV). Another group watched the same actors performing the well-adapted error-free lifts that characterise later, well-practiced lifts with these cubes (No error video--NEV). We then examined actual object lifting performance in the subjects who watched the EV …

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Sign Language Ability In Young Deaf Signers Predicts Comprehension Of Written Sentences In English., Kathy N Andrew, Jennifer Hoshooley, Marc F Joanisse Jan 2014

Sign Language Ability In Young Deaf Signers Predicts Comprehension Of Written Sentences In English., Kathy N Andrew, Jennifer Hoshooley, Marc F Joanisse

Brain and Mind Institute Researchers' Publications

We investigated the robust correlation between American Sign Language (ASL) and English reading ability in 51 young deaf signers ages 7;3 to 19;0. Signers were divided into 'skilled' and 'less-skilled' signer groups based on their performance on three measures of ASL. We next assessed reading comprehension of four English sentence structures (actives, passives, pronouns, reflexive pronouns) using a sentence-to-picture-matching task. Of interest was the extent to which ASL proficiency provided a foundation for lexical and syntactic processes of English. Skilled signers outperformed less-skilled signers overall. Error analyses further indicated greater single-word recognition difficulties in less-skilled signers marked by a higher …

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Links Between White Matter Microstructure And Cortisol Reactivity To Stress In Early Childhood: Evidence For Moderation By Parenting., Haroon I Sheikh, Marc F Joanisse, Sarah M Mackrell, Katie R Kryski, Heather J Smith, Shiva M Singh, Elizabeth P Hayden Jan 2014

Links Between White Matter Microstructure And Cortisol Reactivity To Stress In Early Childhood: Evidence For Moderation By Parenting., Haroon I Sheikh, Marc F Joanisse, Sarah M Mackrell, Katie R Kryski, Heather J Smith, Shiva M Singh, Elizabeth P Hayden

Brain and Mind Institute Researchers' Publications

Activity of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis (measured via cortisol reactivity) may be a biological marker of risk for depression and anxiety, possibly even early in development. However, the structural neural correlates of early cortisol reactivity are not well known, although these would potentially inform broader models of mechanisms of risk, especially if the early environment further shapes these relationships. Therefore, we examined links between white matter architecture and young girls' cortisol reactivity and whether early caregiving moderated these links. We recruited 45 6-year-old girls based on whether they had previously shown high or low cortisol reactivity to a stress task at …

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Sensitivity Of Human Auditory Cortex To Rapid Frequency Modulation Revealed By Multivariate Representational Similarity Analysis., Marc F Joanisse, Diedre D Desouza Jan 2014

Sensitivity Of Human Auditory Cortex To Rapid Frequency Modulation Revealed By Multivariate Representational Similarity Analysis., Marc F Joanisse, Diedre D Desouza

Brain and Mind Institute Researchers' Publications

Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (fMRI) was used to investigate the extent, magnitude, and pattern of brain activity in response to rapid frequency-modulated sounds. We examined this by manipulating the direction (rise vs. fall) and the rate (fast vs. slow) of the apparent pitch of iterated rippled noise (IRN) bursts. Acoustic parameters were selected to capture features used in phoneme contrasts, however the stimuli themselves were not perceived as speech per se. Participants were scanned as they passively listened to sounds in an event-related paradigm. Univariate analyses revealed a greater level and extent of activation in bilateral auditory cortex in response …

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Dopaminergic Medication Impairs Feedback-Based Stimulus-Response Learning But Not Response Selection In Parkinson's Disease., Andrew Vo, Nole M Hiebert, Ken N Seergobin, Stephanie Solcz, Allison Partridge, Penny A Macdonald Jan 2014

Dopaminergic Medication Impairs Feedback-Based Stimulus-Response Learning But Not Response Selection In Parkinson's Disease., Andrew Vo, Nole M Hiebert, Ken N Seergobin, Stephanie Solcz, Allison Partridge, Penny A Macdonald

Brain and Mind Institute Researchers' Publications

Cognitive dysfunction is a feature of Parkinson's Disease (PD). Some cognitive functions are impaired by dopaminergic medications prescribed to address the movement symptoms that typify PD. Learning appears to be the cognitive function most frequently worsened by dopaminergic therapy. However, this result could reflect either impairments in learning (i.e., acquisition of associations among stimuli, responses, and outcomes) or deficits in performance based on learning (e.g., selecting responses). We sought to clarify the specific effects of dopaminergic medication on (a) stimulus-response association learning from outcome feedback and (b) response selection based on learning, in PD. We tested 28 PD patients on …

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Rule-Based Category Learning In Children: The Role Of Age And Executive Functioning., Rahel Rabi, John Paul Minda Jan 2014

Rule-Based Category Learning In Children: The Role Of Age And Executive Functioning., Rahel Rabi, John Paul Minda

Brain and Mind Institute Researchers' Publications

Rule-based category learning was examined in 4-11 year-olds and adults. Participants were asked to learn a set of novel perceptual categories in a classification learning task. Categorization performance improved with age, with younger children showing the strongest rule-based deficit relative to older children and adults. Model-based analyses provided insight regarding the type of strategy being used to solve the categorization task, demonstrating that the use of the task appropriate strategy increased with age. When children and adults who identified the correct categorization rule were compared, the performance deficit was no longer evident. Executive functions were also measured. While both working …

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Failure To Replicate Retrocausal Recall, Imants Barušs, Vanille Rabier Jan 2014

Failure To Replicate Retrocausal Recall, Imants Barušs, Vanille Rabier

Psychology

In two temporally inverted memory experiments, Daryl Bem found that participants had better recall for words that were practiced after the recall task than for control words that were not practiced after the recall task. We attempted to replicate the second of Bem’s two experiments with the addition of a personality measure. After completing the Six Factor Personality Questionnaire, participants (n = 102) interacted with a computer on which they were shown 48 nouns, one at a time, then asked to type as many of the words as they could recall, and then asked to practice a random selection …

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Questions About Interacting With Invisible Intelligences, Imants Barušs Jan 2014

Questions About Interacting With Invisible Intelligences, Imants Barušs

Psychology

So little of the physical universe is made up of the sort of material of which we think reality is made. Indeed 96% of it consists of dark matter and dark energy. And of the 4% made of “matter” as we ordinarily understand it, only a tiny sliver reflects visible light. Yet our ideas about what can or cannot be “out there” are often based on our minuscule exposure to the visible part of the universe. And we assume that whatever might be “out there,” where we cannot see anything, surely must be insentient. But what if we are wrong? …

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Emotional Processing In Music: Study In Affective Responses To Tonal Modulation In Controlled Harmonic Progressions And Real Music, Marina Korsakova-Kreyn, Jay W. Dowling Jan 2014

Emotional Processing In Music: Study In Affective Responses To Tonal Modulation In Controlled Harmonic Progressions And Real Music, Marina Korsakova-Kreyn, Jay W. Dowling

Lander College for Women - The Anna Ruth and Mark Hasten School Publications and Research

Tonal modulation is one of the main structural and expressive aspects of music in the European musical tradition. Experiment 1 investigated affective responses to modulations to all eleven major and minor keys (relative to the starting tonality) in brief, specially constructed harmonic progressions, by using six bipolar scales related to valence, potency, and synaesthesia. The results indicated the dependence of affective response on degree of modulation in terms of key proximity, and of mode. Experiment 2 examined affective responses to the most common modulations in nineteenth-century piano music: to the subdominant, dominant, and minor sixth in the major mode. The …

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Organizational Climate And The Theory Of Human Caring In Hospitals, Vivienne C. Meanger Jan 2014

Organizational Climate And The Theory Of Human Caring In Hospitals, Vivienne C. Meanger

2010-2016 Archived Posters

Patient care in hospitals has become perfunctory, task focused, and void of a personalized human connection, which has become an area of concern among scholars since the 1970s. This experimental, post-test only, control-group study with a purposive patient and clinical staff sample explored the relationship between human caring and patient satisfaction; and the role of leadership in transforming the organizational culture in an long term acute care hospital (LTACH) setting implanting the Magnet initiatives.

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Second-Parent Adoption: North Carolina Same-Sex Couples And Foster Care Adoptions, Mark Maxwell Jan 2014

Second-Parent Adoption: North Carolina Same-Sex Couples And Foster Care Adoptions, Mark Maxwell

2010-2016 Archived Posters

A qualitative phenomenological study about the experiences of same-sex couples with children adopted from foster care in a southeastern U.S. state. Interview data from 8 couples were coded and analyzed. Emerging themes included legal, social, and financial struggles and the couple􀀂s trailblazing experiences to become their children􀀂s legal parents. Implications for positive social change included informing same-sex parents, policy makers and social workers about the families􀀂 experiences and needs.

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Self-Regulation Efforts And Cognitive Load Concerns Within A Developmental Learning Environment, Caroline M. Crawford, Richard A. Smith Jan 2014

Self-Regulation Efforts And Cognitive Load Concerns Within A Developmental Learning Environment, Caroline M. Crawford, Richard A. Smith

2010-2016 Archived Posters

People new to the higher education learning environment, and without posessing the abilities sometimes described as ”learning how to learn”, delve into either gateway courses or developmental courses. In this case study, a developmental course instructor integrates self-regulation tools and cognitive load sensitivity into her developmental course, with positive outcomes.

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Stress: The Development And Influence On Self-Identity, Earl Grey Jan 2014

Stress: The Development And Influence On Self-Identity, Earl Grey

2010-2016 Archived Posters

Using a grounded theory methodology and constantcomparative analysis, the investigator sought to develop an empirical understanding of the experience of stress and its influence on identity development. The 23 participants, who did not meet criteria for a DSM-IV-TR diagnoses, received 10 - 60 minutes sessions of eye movement desensitization and reprocessing treatment (EMDR). EMDR treatment targets stressful memories and elicits recall of thoughts, imagery, emotions, and physical body sensations related to the stressful experience. The data from video recorded sessions provided holistic information regarding each participant’s experience and recall of stressful events. The results yielded thematic developmental patterns of thoughts, …

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The Human-Animal Bond And Combat-Related Posttraumatic Stress, Melissa White Jan 2014

The Human-Animal Bond And Combat-Related Posttraumatic Stress, Melissa White

2010-2016 Archived Posters

This study explored the lived experiences of Operational Enduring Freedom (OEF) and Operation Iraqi Freedom (OIF) service members with combatrelated posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms who had a companion animal postdeployment. Twelve OEF and OIF veterans participated in semi-structured interviews analyzed using Moustakas’ phenomenological approach. Four themes emerged: (a) rich descriptions of deployment events, (b) the experiences of returning from a deployment, (c) participants’ perceptions on their pets’ influence on posttraumatic stress symptoms, and (d) other comments and opinions related to participants’ experiences. These findings illuminate the experience of combat-related posttraumatic stress and the importance of animals in the therapeutic …

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Parental Depression And Child Cognitive Vulnerability Predict Children's Cortisol Reactivity, Elizabeth P. Hayden, Benjamin L. Hankin, Sarah V.M. Mackrell, Haroon I. Sheikh, Patricia L. Jordan, David J. A. Dozois, Shiva M. Singh, Thomas M. Olino, Lisa S. Badanes Jan 2014

Parental Depression And Child Cognitive Vulnerability Predict Children's Cortisol Reactivity, Elizabeth P. Hayden, Benjamin L. Hankin, Sarah V.M. Mackrell, Haroon I. Sheikh, Patricia L. Jordan, David J. A. Dozois, Shiva M. Singh, Thomas M. Olino, Lisa S. Badanes

Psychology Publications

Risk for depression is expressed across multiple levels of analysis. For example, parental depression and cognitive vulnerability are known markers of depression risk, but no study has examined their interactive effects on children's cortisol reactivity, a likely mediator of early depression risk. We examined relations across these different levels of vulnerability using cross-sectional and longitudinal methods in two community samples of children. Children were assessed for cognitive vulnerability using self-reports (Study 1; n = 244) and tasks tapping memory and attentional bias (Study 2; n = 205), and their parents were assessed for depression history using structured clinical interviews. In …

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Polish Version Of The Cognitive Distortions Scale (Cds): Preliminary Validation And Personality Correlates, Tomasz Besta, Agata Barczak, Aleksandra Lewandowska-Walter, David J. A. Dozois Jan 2014

Polish Version Of The Cognitive Distortions Scale (Cds): Preliminary Validation And Personality Correlates, Tomasz Besta, Agata Barczak, Aleksandra Lewandowska-Walter, David J. A. Dozois

Psychology Publications

Background
The aim of the two research studies presented in this article was to test the reliability and validity of the Polish version of the Cognitive Distortions Scale (CDS). The relation of the CDS to psychological measures of well-being and other theoretically relevant variables was also explored.

Participants and procedure
Two correlational studies were conducted with psychology undergraduate students and their family members (n = 196 and n = 90, respectively). Participants completed a paper-pencil set of questionnaires that contained measures of cognitive errors (study 1) and scales related to perceived quality of life and psychological well-being (study 2).

Results …

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If It Be Love Indeed Tell Me How Much: Early Core Beliefs Associated With Excessive Reassurance Seeking In Depression., Lyndsay E. Evraire, David J. A. Dozois Jan 2014

If It Be Love Indeed Tell Me How Much: Early Core Beliefs Associated With Excessive Reassurance Seeking In Depression., Lyndsay E. Evraire, David J. A. Dozois

Psychology Publications

This study explored core beliefs associated with excessive reassurance seeking (ERS) in depression. Undergraduate students (n = 303) completed measures of early maladaptive schemas, attachment styles, ERS, and depression, along with a subsequent measure of depressive symptoms 6 weeks later. Anxious attachment, avoidant attachment, and an abandonment/instability schema each added to the prediction of ERS beyond the effects of depression. Moreover, avoidant attachment and the abandonment/instability schema moderated the relationship between ERS and depression over time. These results are consistent with the idea that individuals with early core beliefs reflecting insecurity in relationships seek reassurance. The findings also suggest …

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Confidentiality And Mental Health/Chaplaincy Collaboration, Denise Bulling, Mark Dekraai, Tarik Abdel-Monem, Jason A. Nieuwsma, William C. Cantrell, Keith Ethridge, Keith Meador Jan 2014

Confidentiality And Mental Health/Chaplaincy Collaboration, Denise Bulling, Mark Dekraai, Tarik Abdel-Monem, Jason A. Nieuwsma, William C. Cantrell, Keith Ethridge, Keith Meador

University of Nebraska Public Policy Center: Publications

Confidentiality can both facilitate and inhibit working relationships of chaplains and mental health professionals addressing the needs of service members and veterans in the United States. Researchers conducted this study to examine opportunities for improving integration of care within the Department of Defense (DoD) and Department of Veterans Affairs (VA). Interviews were conducted with 198 chaplains and 201 mental health professionals in 33 DoD and VA facilities. Using a blended qualitative research approach, researchers identified several themes from the interviews, including recognition that integration can improve services; chaplaincy confidentiality can facilitate help seeking behavior; and mental health and chaplain confidentiality …

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The Effect Of The Muscular Ideal Prime In A Lexical Decision Task, Stephanie A. Henley Jan 2014

The Effect Of The Muscular Ideal Prime In A Lexical Decision Task, Stephanie A. Henley

ETD Archive

Research has shown that body dissatisfaction (BD) is prevalent among males and is associated with unhealthy outcomes (Karazsia & Crowther 2009). Muscular ideal internalization and social comparison are predictors of BD in males. However, the majority of body image research has focused on females, with limited research having been conducted with males. In particular, little research has been aimed at understanding the internal mechanisms associated with male BD. In the current study, I examined the effect of priming an extreme muscular body and a moderate muscular body on the subsequent perception of positive and negative feeling words and positive and …

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Gender Differences In Treatment Outcomes Among Fibromyalgia Patients, Ashley Anne Haas Jan 2014

Gender Differences In Treatment Outcomes Among Fibromyalgia Patients, Ashley Anne Haas

ETD Archive

Fibromyalgia is a chronic pain disorder that is characterized by widespread pain and additional somatic, cognitive, and mood symptoms. Although there is no cure for fibromyalgia and it greatly impacts the lives of affected individuals, the research on gender differences in fibromyalgia symptomatology has largely been inconsistent. No study, to date, has explored sustained outcomes in women versus men in the context of an interdisciplinary pain rehabilitation program (IPRP). This retrospective study of 163 (F=135, M=28) Cleveland Clinic Chronic Pain Rehabilitation Program participants investigated: 1) immediate and six month outcomes of fibromyalgia patients participating in an IPRP treatment and 2) …

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