Psychology Commons^™

Factors Influencing Worker Morale: Evaluating Provider Demographics, Workplace Environment And Using Ests, David A. Patterson Silver Wolf (Adelv Unegv Waya) Phd, Catherine N. Dulmus Phd, Eugene Maguin Phd, Maria Cristalli

Brown School Faculty Publications

Objectives: Mental health organizations are strongly encouraged to implement empirically supported treatments (ESTs), however little is known about their working environments. The present study investigated how provider demographics, workplace environment and whether ESTs were used affected the worker morale. Methods: Front-line workers (N = 1,273) from 55 different programs in a single, large organization completed a measure of organizational culture and climate (OCC) and worker morale. A multilevel regression analysis used worker demographics to predict worker morale at level 1 and EST use and OCC scales to predict program level worker morale. Results: Worker morale was significantly negatively correlated with …

Using An Sd Procedure To Establish Social Praise As A Conditioned Reinforcer, Lisa Sickman, Joseph T. Shane, Kalyn Skupin

Research and Creative Activities Poster Day

No abstract provided.

Dual Dopaminergic Actions Contribute To Discriminative Stimulus Functions Of Orally Administered Modafinil In Rats, Amanda J. Quisenberry, Erin E. Watkins, Eric L. Harvey, Jennifer L. Walters

Research and Creative Activities Poster Day

No abstract provided.

Signal Training To Increase Choral Responding, Jennifer Freeman

Research and Creative Activities Poster Day

No abstract provided.

Creative Occupations And Psychological Disorders: Is Creativity Linked To Psychological Disorders?, V. Krishna Kumar

Psychology Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

Facilitated Communication And The Criminal Justice System, J. Robert Quillen

Senior Honors Theses and Projects - Psychology

Facilitated communication (FC) is an alleged breakthrough technique which allows individuals, previously thought to be severely mentally and developmentally challenged, to achieve a level of communication formerly thought to be impossible. Originally developed to assist individuals with physical disabilities and limitations, such as cerebral palsy, this technique has quickly been converted to one that aims to assist individuals with cognitive deficits such as autism toward achieving effective communication. This article explores the origins of facilitated communication, the ongoing debate in the scientific community regarding the reliability and validity of the technique, as well as facilitated communication's rapid integration with the …

Getting A Grip On Memory: Unilateral Hand Clenching Alters Episodic Recall, Ruth E. Propper, Sean E. Mcgraw, Tad T. Brunyé

Department of Psychology Faculty Scholarship and Creative Works

Unilateral hand clenching increases neuronal activity in the frontal lobe of the contralateral hemisphere. Such hand clenching is also associated with increased experiencing a given hemisphere’s “mode of processing.” Together, these findings suggest that unilateral hand clenching can be used to test hypotheses concerning the specializations of the cerebral hemispheres during memory encoding and retrieval. We investigated this possibility by testing the effects of a unilateral hand clenching on episodic memory. The hemispheric Encoding/Retrieval Asymmetry (HERA) model proposes left prefrontal regions are associated with encoding, and right prefrontal regions with retrieval, of episodic memories. It was hypothesized that right-hand clenching …

The Contribution Of Partner Investments To Romantic Relationship Commitment, Anthony Coy

Theses and Dissertations

Interdependence theory (Kelley & Thibaut, 1978), one of the most widely used theories in the literature on interpersonal relationships, posits that both partners in a romantic relationships play integral roles in maintaining their relationship. Based in interdependence theory, research on the investment model of commitment (Rusbult, 1980) has revealed that individuals’ greater satisfaction and investments and lower alternatives predict greater commitment to their relationships, and commitment in turn promotes a variety of relationship-maintenance behaviors. However, no past research had examined the role of partners. Across three studies, I examined the notion that partner investments would predict individuals’ commitment above and …

Serial Position And Von Restorff Effect On Memory Recall, Frank Garcea

The Review: A Journal of Undergraduate Student Research

In lieu of an abstract, below is the first paragraph of the paper.

This study tested the von Restorff and Serial Position Effect on memory recall with 28 introductory psychology students at St. John Fisher College. Subjects were tested to see if they would remember the first five words and the last five words of a twenty word PowerPoint presentation. The control group saw all the words in the presentation in a black font; while the experimental group saw the same, they saw the eleventh word in a red type, testing the von Restorff effect. The control group showed results …

Perceptual Influences For Potential Hoarders, Sam Hardy, Marie Ricks, Brian Appel, Alex Dresden

FHSS Mentored Research Conference

Hoarding is defined as "(1) the acquisition of, and failure to, discard a large number of possessions that appear to be ... of limited value, (2) living spaces sufficiently cluttered so as to preclude activities for which these spaces were designed, (3) significant ... impairment in functioning caused by the hoarding, and (4) reluctance ... to return borrowed items." The average age of onset for hoarders is 11-15 years of age, with most hoarders reporting symptoms before age 20. Our research sought to find correlations regarding public perceptions of hoarding, including demographic, personal, and socioeconomic factors. Using a 55-question online …

Applying The Social Norms Approach To Help Seeking Behavior In The Military, Janette Hamilton

Theses and Dissertations

OBJECTIVE: The study assessed the applicability of the social norms approach to help-seeking behavior in the military by exploring whether Service Members are affected by perceptions of peers’ beliefs about stigma related barriers to mental health care. METHOD: Data were collected from members of the Virginia National Guard (N= 84) during Yellow Ribbon events. Using surveys, Service Members’ own perceptions and their perceptions of their peers’ beliefs about barriers to seeking psychological care were gathered. RESULTS: Participants’ own beliefs about barriers to care were positively correlated with perceptions of peers’ beliefs. Variance in help-seeking status was better accounted for by …

Testing Individual Differences In Negative Affect Related To Smoking: The Role Of Emotional Clarity, Nicole Marquinez

USF Tampa Graduate Theses and Dissertations

Negative affect plays a critical role in nicotine dependence. Smokers report feeling that negative affect is a primary motivation to keep smoking. This study examined the relationship between individual differences in emotional experience, in particular emotional clarity and differentiation (individuals' ability to understand, describe, and differentiate between emotions), and smoking motivation. We hypothesized that emotional clarity would be related to affect, craving, and smoking satisfaction. A second goal was to test the ability of an emotional-labeling intervention to reduce negative affect and smoking motivation resulting from a negative emotion induction. We also tested whether emotional clarity moderated the effect of …

The Effects Of Physical Activity And Excerise On Well-Being, Jatha Miner

The Review: A Journal of Undergraduate Student Research

A growing amount of research suggests that regular physical activity can have both psychological and physiological benefits to the aging process. Well being, a global psychological state, has been found to be positively influenced by physical activity, even after short durations. The present study investigated the components of happiness, satisfaction with life, and social support, all of which are believed to be parts of overall well-being. Six older, community dwelling adults (M age • 64.5) who recently added physical activity to their lifestyles were surveyed and observed over a five-week period. Pre and post test scores were compared and attendance …

Integral Counseling Psychology Newsletter, Ciis

Integral Counseling Psychology Newsletter

This is the Spring 2013 issue of ICP Newsletter

Ciis Today, Spring 2013 Issue, California Institute Of Integral Studies

CIIS Today

This volume is the Spring 2013 issue of CIIS Today, the Magazine of the California Institute of Integral Studies.

Efinancial Health: Discovering Synergies In The Promotion Of Physical, Mental, And Financial Health, Nan Taylor

Cornerstone 1 Reports : Expansion and Enhancements of the Thinkfinity Platform

No abstract provided.

Psychological Factors, Health Care Knowledge, And Experiences And How They Impact Students’ Illness Behaviors On A Rural Campus, Elizabeth Pappenfus, Chelsea Walsh

Undergraduate Research Symposium 2013

When entering college, most students go through critical transitional and developmental stages into adulthood (Montgomery & Cote, 2003). Therefore, it is necessary that college students use health care appropriately and maintain a good health status by exhibiting positive illness behaviors. Illness behavior is defined as the manner in which a person monitors their body, interprets their symptoms, and how they react to those symptoms. In the current study, the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) (Ajzen, 1985) model, which combines attitudes, subjective norms, and perceived control in order to predict health decision-making behavior, was used. In this study, we examined the …

Assessing Change In A Personality Profile, Jonathan S. Gore, Susan M. Cross, Daniel W. Russell

Psychology Faculty and Staff Research

We tested the validity of 6 methods (mean difference, variance difference, bivariate, profile agreement, pattern similarity, and intraclass) to assess change in a personality profile. During their first 2 months of college, 372 students completed reactive and spontaneous measures of their personality. Eight weeks later, 300 returned to complete a second set of the same measures and noted change in their spontaneous personality list. Sixty participants returned during their second semester to complete a third set of assessments. The bivariate and intraclass change coefficients showed consistent convergent, discriminant, and concurrent validity across time points. Recommendations and caveats for using these …

Resilience At St. Labre: Childhood Adversity, Spiritual Well-Being, Employment, And Resilience In A Multi-Ethnic Rural Population, Kristie Knows-His-Gun, Rodger K. Bufford, Kathleen Gathercoal, Winston Seegobin

Faculty Publications - Doctor of Psychology (PsyD) Program

No abstract provided.

The Effects Of Emotion And Message Framing On College Binge Drinking, Monica Broughton

Annual Celebration of Student Scholarship and Creativity

The purpose of this study was to find an effective way of portraying binge drinking information to college students, hopefully changing their drinking behavior. A 2(Loss vs. Gain frame) X 2(Anger vs. Fearful prime) X 2(Time 1 vs. Time 2 Alcohol Consumption) was used to assess change in participants' alcohol intake. It was hypothesized that the fearful/loss condition as well as the anger/gain condition would be the most effective in decreasing participants' alcohol consumption.

Emotional Expression In First Generation Students, Elizabeth Munson, Kristina Grundmanis

Undergraduate Research Symposium 2013

Research suggests emotional expression is a successful tool for reducing stress in the short term (Pennebaker et al., 1990). The current study applied this approach to first generation college students (FGS). We hypothesized that emotional expression would reduce stress in FGS, and that the stress reduction would last longer in association with the number of emotional expression writing sessions. Although no group in the study showed a significant decrease in stress over the semester, having greater levels of social support was associated with lower anxiety.

Escapist Environments, Restorative Experiences, And Consumer Self-Regulation, G. David Shows

Doctoral Dissertations

The study of atmospherics recognizes shoppers engage in consumption for more than its utilitarian function. The concept of the recreational shopper recognizes the value-producing process of the consumption experience. This research furthers the understanding of consumption by delving into the value-enhancing process of escaping during the experience, as well as measuring the mediating effects of fascination and authenticity. In this study, a test of an individual's self-regulating behavior and the moderating effects on the consumption experience help determine if predetermination affects an escape experience.

Pictured scenes of restaurants were pretested for their ability to produce fascination and represent and authentic …

Reliability And Validity Of The Academic Maturity Scale, Erin L. Mcelroy

Undergraduate Honors Theses

Academic maturity is defined as the extent to which college students maximize their academic potentials. Addison, Althoff, and Pezold (2009) designed the 100-item Academic Maturity Scale (AMS) to measure this construct. Through factor analyses, the AMS was reduced to 30 items and four factors: motivation, responsibility, focus, and time management. The current study examined the reliability and validity of the 30-item AMS. Data from 425 participants supported the internal consistency of the AMS subscales, and results from 88 participants who completed the AMS, the Academic Motivation Scale (Vallerand et al., 1992), and the Time Management Questionnaire (TMQ; Britton & Tesser, …

Shock Value Of False Confessions: Gender Differences In Interrogative Suggestibility, As They Pertain To The Elicitation Of False Confessions, Leah Elizabeth Welker

Undergraduate Honors Theses

Confessions may be one of the most powerful weapons a prosecutor could be handed in the courtroom. In fact, jurors almost always convict defendants that have confessed. (Costanzo & Krauss, 2012). However, the importance placed upon confessions has been questioned. According to Appleby et al.'s (2011) empirical analysis on confessions "Although confessions from perpetrators help to solve crimes in an efficient manner, the false confessions of innocents are a known contributing factor in approximately 25% of all DNA exoneration cases." Many factors contribute to this, including certain interrogation techniques, extreme pressure and distress, the presence of leading questions, and age …

Fallow Deer Polyandry Is Related To Fertilization Insurance, Elodie F. Briefer, Mary E. Farrell, Thomas J. Hayden, Alan G. Mcelligott

Ethology Collection

Polyandry is widespread, but its adaptive significance is not fully understood. The hypotheses used to explain its persistence have rarely been tested in the wild and particularly for large, long-lived mammals. We investigated polyandry in fallow deer, using female mating and reproduction data gathered over 10 years. Females of this species produce a single offspring (monotocous) and can live to 23 years old. Overall, polyandry was evident in 12 % of females and the long-term, consistent proportion of polyandrous females observed, suggests that monandry and polyandry represent alternative mating strategies. Females were more likely to be polyandrous when their first …

Investigating The Presence Of A Red Zone For Unwanted Sexual Experiences Among College Students: Class Year And Gender, Elizabeth Wible

Inquiry Journal 2013

No abstract provided.

Combatting Dental Anxiety In Patients, Gretchen Osdoba

Natural Science Student Work

Dental Anxiety is a highly debilitating condition that can keep people away from the dentist and from receiving critical care. This can lead to serious medical conditions that could have easily been prevented through proper dental care. The purpose of this paper is to describe the nature of dental fear and the different treatment options available. I will focus on helpful traits of dentists and the use of psychological treatments, nitrous oxide, anti-anxiety medications, and general anesthesia to reduce this fear. I will also discuss a comparison of a psychological treatment and an anti-anxiety medication as short-term and long-term treatment …

Hiv/Aids Care, Coping Strategies And Work Environmental Stress Among Nurses In Botswana, Thabo T. Fako, Debra Rose Wilson, James G. Linn, Ntonghanwah Forcheh

Walden Faculty and Staff Publications

Since 2006 there has been universal acceptance in both developing and industrialized societies that HIV treatment and related services, including more effective programs, be available to all citizens. However, as a result of the worldwide recession and shifting health priorities, progress toward these goals has stalled. While the epidemic continues to grow (approximately 34 million globally, with 2.7 million new cases in 2010), fewer resources are dedicated to treatment and prevention than previously, and clinical staffs, especially nurses are challenged by more patient care responsibilities. This paper focuses on the relationships of HIV/AIDS care, coping strategies and work environmental stress …

The Protectors And The Protected: What Regulators And Researchers Can Learn From Irb Members And Subjects, Ann Freeman Cook, Helena Hoas, Jane Clare Joyner

Psychology Faculty Publications

Clinical research is increasingly conducted in settings that include private physicians’ offices, clinics, community hospitals, local institutes, and independent research centers. The migration of such research into this new, non–academic environment has brought new cadres of researchers into the clinical research enterprise and also broadened the pool of potential research participants. Regulatory approaches for protecting human subjects who participate in research have also evolved. Some institutions retain their own Institutional Review Boards (IRBs), but Independent IRBs, community hospital IRBs and community–based IRBs also fulfill oversight responsibilities. This article sheds light on this evolving world by discussing the findings gleaned from …

Positive Youth Development And Substance Use In Emerging Adults, Stevy Scarbrough

McNair Scholars Research Journal

Problem: According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's (CDC) bi-annual National Youth Risk Behavior Survey (NYRBS), nearly 45% of all teens have smoked cigarettes at some point, nearly 71% have tried alcohol, and 40% have tried marijuana. Many potential factors have been identified as having a positive effect in treatment and cessation programs for at-risk adolescent populations, but research investigating the effects of these factors in prevention is still limited in scope. The present study examines relationships between risky health behaviors of freshman college students and the five Cs of positive youth development: competence, confidence, connection, character, and …