Psychology Commons^™

Time: A Sacred And Secular Control Mechanism, Ibpp Editor

International Bulletin of Political Psychology

This article describes how the construct of time can be employed to wittingly or unwittingly control human psychology in the political world.

Propaganda Analysis: The Personal Is Political, But The Political Is Personal, Ibpp Editor

International Bulletin of Political Psychology

This article analyzes implications of a propaganda theme--viz., the personal is political.

Trends. Can One Be Against The Withdrawal Of An Occupying Force? The Case Of Israel And Editor: Southern Lebanon, Ibpp Editor

International Bulletin of Political Psychology

This article discusses the potential political and military ramifications of Israel withdrawing its occupying forces from Southern Lebanon.

Trends. Wanted: An Internet Psychology, Ibpp Editor

International Bulletin of Political Psychology

This article discusses the prospect of analyzing internet psychology, or the impact of internet use on human psychology and political socialization.

Trends. Terrorism And The Death Penalty, Ibpp Editor

International Bulletin of Political Psychology

This article examines the prudence of seeking the death penalty against a defendant implicated in the bombings of US Embassies in Kenya and Tanzania.

Terrorism And Terror Management: Prescription For Misanalysis?, Ibpp Editor

International Bulletin of Political Psychology

This article describes some problems with a recent analysis of global terrorism issued by the United States Department of State.

The Power Of Symbolism: Disarmament In Northern Ireland, Ibpp Editor

International Bulletin of Political Psychology

This article explores recent events in Northern Ireland to highlight the import of symbolism in the resolution of political conflict.

Effects Of Short-Term Service Ministry Trips On The Development Of Social Responsibility In College Students, Sarah Mott Hopkins

Doctor of Psychology (PsyD)

This study investigated the impact of service ministry trips on the development of social responsibility in college students at a small Quaker liberal arts university in the Pacific Northwest. Students (50 female, 14 male) who participated on 5 different short-term service ministry trips served as the service ministry group, while students (23 females, 13 males) in a general psychology class served as the control group. Over three administrations of the Global Social Responsibility Inventory, (Starrett 1996) students provided responses that offered support for service ministry trips as a method of increasing a sense of social responsibility in college students. Analysis …

Self-Objectification: Cognitive Effects And Ethnic Differences, Sunni D. Jones

Electronic Dissertations and Theses

Objectification Theory (Fredrickson & Roberts, 1997) posits that because American culture objectifies women's bodies (e.g., through visual mass media), girls and women are socialized to self-objectify. Self-Objectification is manifest by internalization of the observer's perspective. According to objectification theory, self-objectification has a variety of emotional and cognitive consequences, including increased shame and anxiety and diminished cognitive resources which can lead to diminished cognitive performance. A prior experiment demonstrated that states of self-objectification diminished performance on a stroop color-naming task supporting the prediction about cognitive performance. The current research was conducted to test whether mental suppression of self-objectifying thoughts accounted for …

Cultural And Developmental Comparisons Of Landscape Perceptions And Preferences, Thomas R. Herzog, Eugene J. Herbert, Rachel Kaplan, C. L. Crooks

Peer Reviewed Articles

The authors compared several Australian subgroups and American college students on their preferences for Australian natural landscapes. Preference correlations across groups were generally high, with the correlations for Australian adults somewhat lower. Factor analysis yielded six perceptual categories: Vegetation, Open Smooth, Open Coarse, Rivers, Agrarian, and Structures. Both the Australian and American samples liked Rivers best and the Open categories least. Only the Australians included willow trees in the Agrarian category. The Australians liked the settings overall better than the Americans. Among the Australians, primary students liked the settings most, secondary students least; aboriginal college students liked the settings better …

Is It Time For Cooperative Learning To Enter American Classrooms?, Donna Sewell

All Graduate Plan B and other Reports, Spring 1920 to Spring 2023

Education's raison d'etre is to prepare students with the skills necessary for a productive and happy life within society. The fact that many educational institutions are experiencing a disconcerting number of students dropping out of school (and sometimes life itself) may be an indicator that this preparation is less than adequate in meeting their needs. In fact, the needs of a high school graduate today are so different and far-reaching than what they were 30-50 years ago, it will be easier to group them according to a change in economics, transformed demographics and changes in social situations and practices. Each …

Are The Cognitive Processes Underlying Practical Intelligence Redundant With Those Underlying Traditional Intelligence, Shari Rauscher

Masters Theses & Specialist Projects

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Impact Of Employee Performance And Job Status On Perceptions Of Sexual Harassment, Charla Arnold

Masters Theses & Specialist Projects

Once unnoticed and unreported, sexual harassment claims have risen dramatically within the last two decades. Although guidelines published by the Equal Employment Opportunity Commission in 1980 provided a definition of sexual harassment, researchers continue to examine variables affecting individual perceptions of sexual harassment. Contextual factors impacting the labeling of sexual harassment include the type and severity of the harassment, the ambiguity of the sexually harassing behaviors, and gender differences in perceptions of sexual harassment. The present researcher examined the impact of employee performance and employment status on perceptions of sexual harassment. Results indicated that female participants were more likely than …

Anxiety And Efficacy: Are They Related To Students' Choice Of Major?, Camille Johnson

Masters Theses & Specialist Projects

Research suggests that anxiety characteristics play a role in determining the courses students choose in college. Other research suggests that efficacy may play a similar role as well. The purpose of the present study was to investigate the relationship between anxiety and efficacy and choice of major for English and mathematics majors. Ninety-nine undergraduate and graduate students from Western Kentucky University (49 males and 50 females) participated in the study. All participants were officially declared mathematics (or mathematics-related, i.e., computer science) or English majors. Instruments included a measure of mathematics anxiety, mathematics efficacy, writing efficacy, writing anxiety, facilitating anxiety, debilitating …

The Effects Of Interviewer Self-Monitoring On Male Appearance Discrimination In Employment Decisions, Charles Mcdowell

Masters Theses & Specialist Projects

This research examined the effects of appearance discrimination toward men as regards employment decisions and the extent to which the degree of interviewer selfmonitoring influences these decisions. Past research has indicated that discrimination does indeed occur for women, but no empirical research has been conducted on male discrimination in which hair length has been manipulated. Specifically, length of hair (shoulder length, approximately 1 inch, and balding) was manipulated for potential job applicants. These conditions were examined across different types of jobs (traditionally conservative, neutral, and traditionally liberal). Several hypotheses are offered, with most focused on the concept that those scoring …

Principals', Guidance Directors', And Department Chairs' Perceptions Of Goals And Effectiveness Of The Trimester Schedules In Indiana High Schools, Robert E. Brower

All-Inclusive List of Electronic Theses and Dissertations

The purpose of this dissertation was to compare high school principals', guidance directors', and department chairs' perceptions of agreement (as clustered from 33 literature-based goals into school benefit, teacher benefit, and student benefit) of a trimester schedule. Secondly, this dissertation compared high school principals', guidance directors', and department chairs' perceptions of agreement (as clustered from 33 literature-based goals into school benefit, teacher benefit, and student benefit) as to whether these 3 3 goals were achieved after one year on a trimester schedule. This study is based on 10 Indiana high schools that were on the trimester schedule for a minimum …

Treatment Of Separation Anxiety Disorder And School Refusal: A Comprehensive Review Of The Literature, Nicole Petersen

All Graduate Plan B and other Reports, Spring 1920 to Spring 2023

Separation anxiety disorder is a condition in which a child or adolescent experiences severe anxiety when separation from a parent or caregiver is imminent. A possible symptom of separation anxiety disorder or other psychological conditions is that the child may refuse to attend school or run away from school during the day, an occurrence commonly referred to as school refusal. Children with separation anxiety disorder or school refusal may, as a result, be limited in their social and educational opportunities. Therefore, a review of published studies on the treatment of separation anxiety disorder and school refusal was completed. To adequately …

The Relationship Of Human Psychological Characteristics With Athletic Performance, Grant P. Murray

All Graduate Plan B and other Reports, Spring 1920 to Spring 2023

The purpose of this paper is to report the findings of a literature review summary on the topic of the relationship of human psychological characteristics with athletic performance. Two research questions guided its development: (1) Is there any evidence that there is a relationship between individual human psychological characteristics and athletic performance? (2) If there is any evidence that there is a relationship between individual human psychological characteristics and athletic performance, is there further evidence that those individual characteristics translate in some way into group dynamics or attributes that may similarly influence team performance?

The Efficacy Of Group Bereavement Interventions: An Integrative Review Of The Research Literature, Jim D. Sharpnack

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

This study involves a meta-analysis of the extant English language literature reporting studies of the effectiveness of bereavement therapeutic interventions. Twenty-six studies (20 adult studies; 6 child studies) were located and served as the database for the current meta-analytic study. Questions asked of the studies in this meta-analysis included:

1. Describe background variables of subjects seeking bereavement group interventions.
2. Describe leader variables of persons leading bereavement group interventions.
3. Describe intervention variables in bereavement group interventions.

The major finding of the meta-analysis was that children and adult experimental subjects benefitted from the grief interventions in comparison to their control counterparts. The ratio …

Teens' Use Of Traditional Media And The Internet, Carrie La Ferle, Steven M. Edwards, We-Na Lee

Temerlin Advertising Institute Research

As the teen market segment expands and spending power increases, advertisers are cognizant of the importance in understanding traditional and emerging media trends in reaching this new generation of consumers. Increasing penetration of the internet at home and at school encouraged the authors to examine teens' relationships with media. Time allocation across media and the needs fulfilled by each medium were investigated. The study further explored how the internet, given its ability for two-way communication, stacks-up against interpersonal communication sources. Influences of gender and home access to the internet were analyzed, as were the methods teens use to learn about …

The Teenage Inventory Of Social Skills: A Validation Study, Joshua Myers

All-Inclusive List of Electronic Theses and Dissertations

The development and maintenance of adolescent peer relationships has been recognized by researchers as important for healthy current and future psycho-social adjustment. Furthermore, adolescent friendships are developmentally unique and qualitatively different than childhood friendships. The present study examines the validity, reliability and clinical utility of the Teenage Inventory of Social Skills (TISS), a self-report measure of adolescent social/friendship skills. Self-report and teacher/adult ratings on the TISS were compared for 64 participants from a court-ordered, residential treatment program and 51 adolescent participants from a public school-based youth group. While overall results confirmed the clinical utility and psychometric superiority of the TISS, …

Comparative Analysis Of Irrational Beliefs And Alexithymia To Predict Anxiety, Neuroticism, And Depression, Scott Edward Culhane

Masters Theses and Doctoral Dissertations

Anxiety, neuroticism and depression are highly studied human disturbances in the field of psychology. There are many theories as to the cause of these distresses. Followers of Albert Ellis' Rational Emotive Behavior Therapy have hypothesized that the maintaining of irrational beliefs causes emotional distress. Others have theorized that a condition known as alexithymia is responsible for emotional distresses. Literally "no words for feelings," alexithymia is a condition where individuals are unable to describe their feelings, they are unable to distinguish between their feelings and bodily sensations, and they have a tendency to overemphasize the concrete details of external events. This …

School-Based Primary Prevention Of Internalizing Disorders, Carol M. Moore

All Graduate Plan B and other Reports, Spring 1920 to Spring 2023

This paper provides an overview of childhood internalizing disorders, including the symptomatology, prevalence rates, comorbidity of other psychopathologies, correlated factors, treatment, and prognosis. Previous research in the area of primary and secondary prevention of depression and anxiety is reviewed, and the need for school-based prevention programs discussed. Several curricular and comprehensive elementary-level programs that are currently available and supported by research are reviewed to highlight their efficacy, theoretical rationale, targeted risk factors, and implementation concerns. Conclusions and recommendations for implementation and future research are presented.

Engaged Reading In Third Grade: A Magical Kingdom, Laurie Eva Berry

Theses and Dissertations

The purpose of this descriptive study was to investigate how children become engaged readers in a third grade classroom. The study focused on what a teacher did to encourage children to read and environmental factors in the classroom helped create readers. The study was holistic in nature, including profiles of three students (two females and one male) who were chosen because they read if given free time. Observations were used to find out how the children interacted, what reading opportunities they were given, and what a teacher does to cultivate engagement. Qualitative research methodology was used. The data were collected …

Drama In The High School English Classroom: Pedagogical Theory And Practical Application, Ann Siegle Drege

Theses and Dissertations

Drama in education is not limited to elementary skits or junior/senior class plays. It can be used in the high school English classroom to engage students in active learning. Drama in the classroom is a pedagogical method, which focuses on the learning process of the participants rather than a polished performance for an audience. The purpose of this dissertation is to address the limited use of drama in the classroom by providing a pedagogical rationale for its use and concrete drama activities for the high school English classroom.

There are multiple pedagogical advantages for using drama as a method. Drama …

Increasing Self-Concept And Developmental Assets In Adolescents Using Behavioral And Psycho-Educational Interventions, Terriana Milne-Beatty

Theses and Dissertations

Adolescent high-risk behaviors such as drug and alcohol use, susceptibility to peer pressure, violence, committing crimes and academic failure are often attributed to low self-concept, resiliency, minimal personal developmental assets, and deficient life skills. Thirty teens (7 males, 23 females) ages 12-15, from diverse cultures, volunteered for 3 groups, and were given a 4-month, 12-session interactive counseling program that incorporated the creative arts, behavioral, and psycho-educational therapy for the purpose of improving teens' self-concept, assets, and life skills. Pre and Posttest measures of The Tennessee Self-Concept Scale-2 showed mean raw scores being statistically significant for improvements within the entire teen …

Viewing The Parent As A Person: An Individuation-Related Phenomenon, Brian Andersen

Student Work

When do adolescents start viewing the parent as a person, and what influence this process were the developmental research questions examined in this study. The participants were high school and college students, ranging in ages from 14 to 27 years, who completed three different scales: the Family Relationships Measure, the Psychological Separation Inventory, and the Emotional Autonomy Scale. Age differences were found for the Family Relationships Measure as well as the Psychological Separation Inventory. Individuation and viewing the parents as people were not related, but both measures appeared to tap separate processes that occur at similar times in development during …

Gender Differences Of The Older Adult In Relationship To Ego Integrity And The Need For Control., Ginger Helm

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

The present study examined gender differences in relationship to ego integrity resolution of Erikson's stage theory and the need for control in the older adult ranging from 55-90 years of age. Erikson's ego integrity versus despair was measured with a subscale found in Measures of Psychological Development by Hawley (1988). The need for control was measured with a scale developed by Burger and Cooper (1979).

Because of social roles, it was first predicted that males would score higher on resolution of ego integrity and lower on the need for control. The mean resolution of integrity score for males (N=31) was …

Application Of Research To Practice Settings: Music Therapy, Desiree Gagner-Tjellesen

Theses and Dissertations

The purpose of this study was to examine the clinical use of music therapy as an independent therapeutic nursing intervention in acute care settings. This study identified its frequency, rationale, and perceived effectiveness as an independent nursing intervention. This research also identified barriers and facilitators to nurses’ utilization of music therapy. Frequency and reasons for use of other independent nursing interventions was also investigated.

An author designed structured questionnaire was utilized in this descriptive study. The census sample (N=321) consisted of registered nurses at a Midwestern acute care facility of greater than fifty beds. Forty-two percent (n=135) participated in the …

N-3 Essential Fatty Acids Intake And Depressive Symptoms, Nami Matsumura

Theses and Dissertations

The purpose of this study was to examine whether N-3 fatty acids intake would correlate with a prevalence of mental distresses. The present study consisted of a comprehensive literature review and analysis of preexisting data that were relevant to this study. Two data were primarily used in the assessment. These were the 1994 study of Media and Markets by Simmons Market Research Bureau, Inc. for food intakes, and the report of the Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS) for the prevalence of Frequent Mental Distress. Due to incompatibility of those two studies additional data- the U.S. population estimates for regions …