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Articles 31 - 60 of 500
Full-Text Articles in Psychology
A Novel Game-Based Assessment Of Risk-Taking Propensity: Development And Psychometric Evidence, Danielle L. Head
A Novel Game-Based Assessment Of Risk-Taking Propensity: Development And Psychometric Evidence, Danielle L. Head
UNLV Theses, Dissertations, Professional Papers, and Capstones
Risk-taking propensity is defined and measured in different ways across the literature, resulting in assessment issues related to construct validity (Bran & Vaidis, 2020). Multimethod assessment approaches can bolster construct validity by capturing more facets of risk-taking propensity (Meyer et al., 2001). Risk-taking propensity is assessed through self-report questionnaires (Zhang et al., 2019), which exhibit good test-retest reliability (Frey et al., 2017) and predictive validity (Beauchamp et al., 2017), and behavioral tasks (Aklin et al., 2005), which are less psychometrically sound, lacking convergent validity and test-retest reliability (Frey et al., 2017). Guided by evidence-centered design principles (Mislevy, 2013), a novel …
Stronger Together: A Mixed-Methods Examination Of Identity, Efficacy, And Emotions In Young Adults’ Collective Action, Kindy Insouvanh
Stronger Together: A Mixed-Methods Examination Of Identity, Efficacy, And Emotions In Young Adults’ Collective Action, Kindy Insouvanh
UNLV Theses, Dissertations, Professional Papers, and Capstones
Young adults are increasingly engaging in collective action for social change, yet we lack a clear understanding of the factors driving their participation in social movements. This mixed-methods study uses a social psychological framework to examine key quantitative factors related to young adults’ intentions to engage in collective action for racial justice, as well as their reasoning around their involvement. A survey of 373 racially and ethnically diverse young adults (18-35 years old) assessed the impact of racial justice ally identity, emotions (anger and contempt), and dimensions of efficacy on action intentions. Path analysis revealed that young adults’ identification as …
Performance Optimization-Focused Family Behavior Therapy To Address Verbal And Physical Aggression In An Adolescent Diagnosed With Bipolar I Disorder: A Case Report, Sierra Ann Ramirez Jarvis
Performance Optimization-Focused Family Behavior Therapy To Address Verbal And Physical Aggression In An Adolescent Diagnosed With Bipolar I Disorder: A Case Report, Sierra Ann Ramirez Jarvis
UNLV Theses, Dissertations, Professional Papers, and Capstones
Bipolar disorder is a chronic and debilitating condition characterized by fluctuations in mood that significantly interfere with day-to-day functioning. While symptom onset typically occurs in early adulthood, manifestations can occur at an earlier developmental stage. Early intervention has been shown to be effective in decreasing long-term negative outcomes and decreasing symptom severity in serious mental illness (SMI) populations, and as such, early intervention treatment programs may have particular benefits for individuals who are early in the course of bipolar disorder. However, there is little information regarding the effectiveness of these programs. This thesis reports a case of an adolescent client, …
The Relationship Between Positive And Negative Experiences With Sport Culture And Psychiatric Symptoms In Collegiate Athletes, Angelos Tsalafos
The Relationship Between Positive And Negative Experiences With Sport Culture And Psychiatric Symptoms In Collegiate Athletes, Angelos Tsalafos
UNLV Theses, Dissertations, Professional Papers, and Capstones
Although mental health professionals have indicated their interest in understanding the relationship between sport culture and mental health, this relationship has yet to be examined using psychometrically validated scales. In this study, the Semi-Structured Interview for Consideration of Sport Culture in Therapy Scale (SSICSCTS; see Donohue et al., 2006) was administered to 59 Club and National Collegiate Athletics Association (NCAA) athletes. This scale assesses how athletes experience importance (Sport Culture Importance Scale; SCIS) and negative experiences (Sport Cultural Problems Scale; SCPS) in sport culture. Participants were also assessed for psychiatric symptomology using a well-established scale, i.e., the Symptom Checklist 90-Revised …
Gender Biases: The Interaction Between Children And Voice Assistants, Trà Hương Bùi
Gender Biases: The Interaction Between Children And Voice Assistants, Trà Hương Bùi
UNLV Theses, Dissertations, Professional Papers, and Capstones
Nowadays, children can access and interact with voice assistants (VAs) easily since the machines are more available in the family context. However, there is a gap in understanding how children conceptualize VAs when interacting with the machine. Specifically, this study aimed to examine whether children understand VAs as inanimate. Additionally, the study also compared how children and adults rate the VAs’ level of warmth and competence and the way they associate AI voices with feminine or masculine faces. Another goal was to explore how children and adults match the gender and competence/warmth of the VA with facial masculinity and femininity. …
Clustering Of Internet Behaviors And Associated Mental Health Outcomes Among U.S. Adolescents, Aakansha Singh
Clustering Of Internet Behaviors And Associated Mental Health Outcomes Among U.S. Adolescents, Aakansha Singh
UNLV Theses, Dissertations, Professional Papers, and Capstones
In recent years, the Internet has become an integral part of daily life, influencing education, work, and recreation. As of 2024, approximately two-thirds of the global population is online, with an estimated one-third of users under the age of 18. Given the potential long-term effects of excessive Internet use on health and well-being, adolescents represent a critical population for monitoring online behaviors. This study used baseline data from the SHARE project and conducted a latent class analysis (LCA) to identify patterns of Internet use among a sample of adolescents and the relationship of class membership with mental health outcomes, including …
The Role Of Prediction Error In Episodic Memory, Kevin D. Mohawk
The Role Of Prediction Error In Episodic Memory, Kevin D. Mohawk
UNLV Theses, Dissertations, Professional Papers, and Capstones
Predictions play an important role in our everyday lives. We make predictions (whether conscious or unconscious) about what we will encounter. However, we will also experience discrepancies between predictions and observed outcomes (i.e., prediction error; PE). There are inconsistencies in the literature regarding how PE affects memory. Several studies find that PE facilitates memory (e.g., Greve et al., 2019), while others find that it harms memory (Kim et al., 2013). The aim of the present study was to determine which conditions may lead to PE facilitating memory and which conditions may lead to worse memory. We tested two PE models, …
Effect Of Epistemic Cognition And Self-Regulation On The Evaluation Of Online Information, Devin T. Foschi
Effect Of Epistemic Cognition And Self-Regulation On The Evaluation Of Online Information, Devin T. Foschi
UNLV Theses, Dissertations, Professional Papers, and Capstones
While research has shown that epistemic cognition plays an important role in self-regulation, the way in which it does so in online contexts needs further research. The objective of this dissertation was to examine the relationship between Internet-specific epistemic cognition and Internet-specific self-regulated learning, and to use a mixed-methods approach in order to expand upon the way learners undergo the evaluation of information in online spaces beyond the traditional method of only using self-report measures and other common quantitative techniques. Using an explanatory sequential mixed-methods design, Phase 1 (N = 117) used quantitative methods to first look at the relationship …
Music And Narrative Memory, Maxwell Kayser
Music And Narrative Memory, Maxwell Kayser
UNLV Theses, Dissertations, Professional Papers, and Capstones
Music can overlap with many activities, but its effects on our memory for those activities are not fully understood. The experiments here investigated the effects of calm and intense background music on both memory and narrative transportation (the feeling that one is absorbed into the events of a narrative) during reading. Participants read narratives either in silence or with background music and completed a measure of narrative transportation (Transportation Scale-Short Form; Appel et al., 2015). Participants were then tested, either in silence or with background music, on memory for explicit details and inferences from the narrative. Across both experiments, memory …
How Couples Navigate Interethnic Differences In Asian American Population: A Grounded Theory Approach, Michelle Nakaula
How Couples Navigate Interethnic Differences In Asian American Population: A Grounded Theory Approach, Michelle Nakaula
UNLV Theses, Dissertations, Professional Papers, and Capstones
Several studies have discussed the impact of cultural factors in Asian American families. Previous research has demonstrated useful strategies used in dealing with distress and relationship dissatisfaction regarding cultural differences. There is limited data or studies that explore additional challenges faced by interethnic couples, rather than interracial couples and the impact of family dynamics on these relationships. Each partner’s identity development process was influenced by their understanding of different cultural traditions and customs. These unique experiences shaped their understanding of roles and expectations within their relationship and parenting styles. Additionally, these family relationships and cultural backgrounds play a role in …
Symptom Network Comparisons Between Pre- And Post-Concussion, Christine Salva
Symptom Network Comparisons Between Pre- And Post-Concussion, Christine Salva
UNLV Theses, Dissertations, Professional Papers, and Capstones
Increased awareness about the short and long-term negative outcomes associated with sport-related concussion has resulted in active monitoring of cognitive and symptom profiles of athletes using a variety of assessments. The traditional approach to interpretation of cognitive and symptom measures has been based on a latent construct framework where domain scores reflecting latent constructs representing cognitive or symptom domains are collected at baseline and then compared to those obtained after concussion during the acute injury phase, with repeated additional assessments to determine when cognitive and symptom alterations have resolved. More recently, network approaches have been used to examine changes in …
The Effects Of First Responder Stress & Trauma On Spouses And Romantic Partners, Eden Thiess
The Effects Of First Responder Stress & Trauma On Spouses And Romantic Partners, Eden Thiess
UNLV Theses, Dissertations, Professional Papers, and Capstones
First responder jobs pose unique difficulties due to the sheer number of traumatic events that they witness and personally experience. Research has demonstrated some effects of stress and trauma on family relationships, but the literature lacks an understanding of the ways that first responder trauma and stress affects their marriages and romantic relationships. The current study’s purpose was to investigate the experiences of first responder spouses and partners within the Las Vegas area in regards to stress, trauma, and relationship dynamics as influenced by the first responder role. In this study, 11 participants who were in a marriage or romantic …
Impact Of Placement Disruption On School Outcomes In Maltreated Youth, Mallory Constantine
Impact Of Placement Disruption On School Outcomes In Maltreated Youth, Mallory Constantine
UNLV Theses, Dissertations, Professional Papers, and Capstones
School attendance is a crucial component of a youth’s ability to access resources and attain educational success. Maltreated youth are at increased risk for school absences, poor school performance, impairment in cognitive processes, and development of psychopathology. Disruption from their known systems (i.e., family, social, school) as a result of removal from home creates unique and substantial barriers for maltreated youth in attending and engaging in school. The present study used a sample of maltreated youth and binomial logistic regression analyses to determine if the number of lifetime placements impacts school outcome variables of school attendance, classroom behavior, and academic …
Gender Stereotyping In An Agricultural Sample, Andrea Fink-Armold
Gender Stereotyping In An Agricultural Sample, Andrea Fink-Armold
UNLV Theses, Dissertations, Professional Papers, and Capstones
A vast wealth of social psychological research conducted over half a century has demonstrated the consequences of gender stereotypes. However, this research has significant limitations. Namely, generalizability outside of academia and the effects of social change. This study examined a non-academic population that has recently experienced significant gender role redistribution to overcome these limitations. Utilizing a full-cycle research approach consisting of both ethnographic and experimental methods, I examined three research questions: 1) how do gender stereotypes manifest within rural agricultural communities? 2) how is women’s increased participation in agriculture related to changes in gender stereotype use? and 3) how do …
The Influence Of The Covid-19 Pandemic On Binge Eating In A Demographically Diverse Us Community Sample, Jessica H. Habashy
The Influence Of The Covid-19 Pandemic On Binge Eating In A Demographically Diverse Us Community Sample, Jessica H. Habashy
UNLV Theses, Dissertations, Professional Papers, and Capstones
The novel coronavirus pandemic (COVID-19) has had profound effects among many individuals with or at risk for eating disorders. The most common primary eating disorder is binge eating disorder which has uniquely reflected more similarities than differences among diverse populations compared to other eating disorder classifications. Considering the upsurge of prevalence rates of eating disorders during the pandemic, it is important to assess the rate of binge eating across the demographic strata to gain a better understanding of who is impacted and provide healing to those who are suffering. Screening for binge eating features across the United States (US) using …
Psychopathy And Moral Decision Making, Dimitra Kourtesi
Psychopathy And Moral Decision Making, Dimitra Kourtesi
UNLV Theses, Dissertations, Professional Papers, and Capstones
Since the 1800s, psychopathy has been regarded as the absence of morality. The goal of our study was to explore whether psychopathic traits can affect the moral decision-making process in sacrificial moral dilemmas. Participants completed multiple self-report measures of psychopathic traits, utilitarian tendencies, and 16 sacrificial moral dilemma vignettes. After each hypothetical vignette, participants decided whether they believed it was morally right, permissible, and whether they behaviorally intended to sacrifice one person to save five people. Positive correlations emerged among all variables, which allowed us to perform a mediation analysis. Instrumental Harm – the idea of sacrificing one individual to …
Case Trial Evaluations Of An Optimization Approach To Mental Health And Sport Performance For Adolescent Athletes, Dereck Davy Phrathep
Case Trial Evaluations Of An Optimization Approach To Mental Health And Sport Performance For Adolescent Athletes, Dereck Davy Phrathep
UNLV Theses, Dissertations, Professional Papers, and Capstones
This dissertation will consist of five chapters – an introduction (Chapter 1), three original empirical studies (Chapters 2-4), and a conclusion (Chapter 5). Chapter 2 was accepted for publication by the Sport Social Work Journal (Phrathep et al., 2022a). Chapter 3 was accepted for publication by Clinical Case Studies (Phrathep et al., 2022b). Chapter 4 was accepted for publication by Frontiers in Sports and Active Living (Phrathep et al., 2023). These three manuscripts are linked by a primary interest in the evaluation of an optimization approach as an efficacious intervention for optimizing mental health and sport performance among adolescent athletes …
Under The Neon Lights: Examining The Memories Of Las Vegas' Route 91 Harvest Music Festival, William B. Ridgway
Under The Neon Lights: Examining The Memories Of Las Vegas' Route 91 Harvest Music Festival, William B. Ridgway
UNLV Theses, Dissertations, Professional Papers, and Capstones
The aim of the current study was to identify patterns of meaning in the trauma narratives of Route 91 Harvest survivors. We undertook a thematic analysis to examine survivors’ narratives collected shortly after the event (i.e., within one month), allowing for a more in-depth understanding of what survivors tended to emphasize or gravitate toward when recalling the episode of mass violence that resulted in the deadliest mass shooting in modern American history. From the rich thematic content emerged a dominant theme of memory for contextual details—specifically, sensory-perceptual features, time, and space. Specifically, Route 91 Harvest survivors reported vivid sensory experiences, …
The Role Of Cognitive Dysfunction In Late-Life Depression, Matthew Schurr
The Role Of Cognitive Dysfunction In Late-Life Depression, Matthew Schurr
UNLV Theses, Dissertations, Professional Papers, and Capstones
Depression is one of the most common psychiatric concerns in older adults. Because of the intersection of biological, emotional, social, and cognitive factors that are at play in depression, symptoms are often heterogeneous in presence and severity. In combination with the expected changes in cognitive abilities as one ages, late-life depression can be additive to these changes. The higher risks of neurodegenerative processes and vascular events in later life can cause, magnify, or accelerate cognitive decline. As such, individuals with late-life depression often present with a complex array of problems that can impact cognition and functioning, and thus complicate the …
Understanding The Role Of Discrimination In The Experience Of Traumatic Stress In Latine, Michelle Strong
Understanding The Role Of Discrimination In The Experience Of Traumatic Stress In Latine, Michelle Strong
UNLV Theses, Dissertations, Professional Papers, and Capstones
Introduction. Research has found that low provider culture knowledge leads to poor mental health outcomes for Latine clients (Duke et al., 2011). Further, the 2017 APA Multicultural Guidelines emphasize the need for clinicians and researchers to conceptualize clinical and empirical data from a culturally competent lens, especially considering clinician and researcher bias while understanding a psychological phenomenon. Despite this, limited research exists categorizing the unique factors that affect mental health symptoms among Latine living in the United States (U.S.) especially as it pertains to trauma stress and discrimination (Marmot, 2005; Nadal, 2018). As such, the current study used meditational statistical …
Relationships Between Psychopathology, Impulsivity, And Disordered Eating, Repairer Etuk
Relationships Between Psychopathology, Impulsivity, And Disordered Eating, Repairer Etuk
UNLV Theses, Dissertations, Professional Papers, and Capstones
Impulsivity is defined by behaviors that are often performed without foresight or consideration for consequences. For some individuals, impulsive behaviors are excessive or dysfunctional, and can become extremely problematic, ultimately leading to impairments in quality of life and lowered psychological functioning. Impulsivity is a multifaceted factor, comprising several different domains that have been explored in past studies (e.g., trait impulsivity, decision making, response inhibition). However, previous research shows that trait impulsivity in adults is consistently associated with several psychiatric problems including substance abuse, eating disorders, and compulsive sexual behaviors. To date, few studies have investigated impulsivity, compulsive sexual behavior. disordered …
The Phenomenon Of Creative Seeing As Discovered By Descriptive Experience Sampling: A Case Study, Amber Goto
The Phenomenon Of Creative Seeing As Discovered By Descriptive Experience Sampling: A Case Study, Amber Goto
UNLV Theses, Dissertations, Professional Papers, and Capstones
Descriptive Experience Sampling (DES) studies have found that people without known mental health conditions occasionally describe visual experiences that are distortions of reality. DES calls such visual-perceptual-distortion experiences creative seeing. Typically, participants don't realize that their perceptions are distorted until they note their descriptions, at which time they notice (with surprise) the discrepancy.We describe "Rhea," a female adult (between 25 and 30 years old) DES volunteer participant. Her DES sampling happened to produce a high frequency of creative seeing; the degree of detail provided by DES allows us to describe the creative-seeing phenomenon with otherwise unobtainable detail. The creative seeing …
Exploring The Everyday Inner Experience Of Grapheme-Color Synesthetes, Cody Michio Kaneshiro
Exploring The Everyday Inner Experience Of Grapheme-Color Synesthetes, Cody Michio Kaneshiro
UNLV Theses, Dissertations, Professional Papers, and Capstones
Synesthesia is a rare, multivariant condition where the stimulation of one sensory or cognitive sense induces extraordinary inner experiences. Grapheme-color synesthesia is a kind of synesthesia where the presentation of letters and/or numbers induce automatic, directly apprehended color phenomena within synesthetes (i.e., individuals with synesthesia). Despite synesthesia’s being defined by remarkable color experiences, first-person investigations that directly study synesthetes’ inner experience are rare. We used descriptive experience sampling (DES) to describe the everyday inner experience of six grapheme-color synesthetes, each sampled for from 6 to 14 sampling days. Our idiographic findings showed that the salient features of each individual participant’s …
Trauma-Related Cognitions And Discrimination As Predictors Of Maladaptive Coping Among Marginalized Maltreated Youth, Shadie Burke
Trauma-Related Cognitions And Discrimination As Predictors Of Maladaptive Coping Among Marginalized Maltreated Youth, Shadie Burke
UNLV Theses, Dissertations, Professional Papers, and Capstones
Maltreated youth are at an increased risk for engaging in direct or indirect self-injurious behavior to cope with the aftereffects of a traumatic event. These behaviors are often associated with negative health outcomes, substance use and premature death. Existing research proposes a link between child maltreatment and indirect self-harm but the mechanism into why this occurs is unclear. The present study examined two key research questions: (1) which specific trauma-related cognitions, sexual identity and cultural factors predict direct self-injurious behavior (previous suicide attempt(s) and NSSI) among marginalized maltreated youth?; and (2) which specific trauma-related cognitions, sexual identity and cultural factors …
Racial Microaggressions Research: Intersectionality, Coping Strategies, And Groups Impacted, Aldo M. Barrita
Racial Microaggressions Research: Intersectionality, Coping Strategies, And Groups Impacted, Aldo M. Barrita
UNLV Theses, Dissertations, Professional Papers, and Capstones
Microaggressions, a term first coined to name everyday experiences with oppression five decades ago (Pierce et al., 1977), has evolved in the literature naming specific aggressions taking place in microsystems targeting minoritized groups (Sue et al., 2007). However, as this research area expands, a need for specificity about who is being impacted by racial microaggressions and how this impact takes place remains a gap in the literature that the research program of this dissertation aimed to address. Expanding from traditional racial microaggression approaches (Sue et al., 2019; Williams et al., 2021), this dissertation incorporates aspects of intersectionality, coping strategies, and …
“But…. They Don’T Look Like Me.” An Examination Of Mentoring Relationships With Hispanic And Latinx Students, Diana Ruby Beltran
“But…. They Don’T Look Like Me.” An Examination Of Mentoring Relationships With Hispanic And Latinx Students, Diana Ruby Beltran
UNLV Theses, Dissertations, Professional Papers, and Capstones
The guiding objectives of this research were to more deeply understand Hispanic and Latinx students’ attitudes about research mentoring relationships and clarify conflicting findings within the existing literature. Study 1 focused on 32 Hispanic and Latinx undergraduate students who had experience with STEM research mentoring. A major goal was to examine whether racial-ethnic “match” between students and their mentors was associated with the types of behaviors that students encounter from their mentors (e.g., instrumental mentoring) as well as students’ academic attitudes (e.g., STEM self-efficacy). Findings revealed that students have a stronger preference for mentors who share their personality traits over …
Reframing Addiction As A Coping Response: A Needed Shift In Modern Public Health Paradigms, Anthony King
Reframing Addiction As A Coping Response: A Needed Shift In Modern Public Health Paradigms, Anthony King
UNLV Theses, Dissertations, Professional Papers, and Capstones
What are the primary risk factors that compel one person towards addiction and not another? After decades of research, there is still no clear consensus. Some experts say addiction is a brain disease; others say it is a willful act, or even an outright crime. Nevertheless, the three research studies contained within this dissertation suggest an alternative, more parsimonious public-health-centered framework for viewing addictive behavioral patterns: as a biopsychosocial coping strategy for past and present stressors. In Study 1, this idea was examined by evaluating how symptoms of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) were associated with problem gambling severity, different gambling …
Self-Perception And Positive Stereotype Endorsement, Aileen Lovitt
Self-Perception And Positive Stereotype Endorsement, Aileen Lovitt
UNLV Theses, Dissertations, Professional Papers, and Capstones
The origin and reasoning behind the use of racial stereotypes has been a point of interest for researchers over the years. Many different theories have been proposed including those related to cognitive, evolutionary, and motivational explanations. However, most of these theories and the research backing them primarily focus on negative stereotyping. The origin of positive stereotyping, which also has negative implications associated with their use, has not been evaluated fully. Previous research has suggested that the motive to preserve self-worth and positive self-concept may play a role in stereotype endorsement. Two studies were conducted with the purpose of investigating whether …
Age, Gender, And Sexual Orientation And Their Effects On Online Dating Motivations, Jenna Leigh Mcpherson
Age, Gender, And Sexual Orientation And Their Effects On Online Dating Motivations, Jenna Leigh Mcpherson
UNLV Theses, Dissertations, Professional Papers, and Capstones
Online dating and dating apps are becoming more common as a means to meet a romantic or sexual partner (e.g. Rosenfeld, Thomas, & Hausen, 2019). Previous literature on the motivations for why people use dating apps and how they differ among participants of varying age, gender, and sexual orientation has not allowed for comparisons across these groups, or shows conflicting findings. In order to consolidate existing literature and further explore the topic, I conducted both a meta-analysis and meta-synthesis. The meta-analysis demonstrated a gender difference in the motivation of casual sex, such that men scored higher than women. The meta-synthesis …
Dismantling The Stigma Of "Strong Black Girl" & "Strong Black Boy:" Cultural And Gender Differences In Trauma And Suicidality Among Black Adolescents, Tiffany Mosier-Hunter
Dismantling The Stigma Of "Strong Black Girl" & "Strong Black Boy:" Cultural And Gender Differences In Trauma And Suicidality Among Black Adolescents, Tiffany Mosier-Hunter
UNLV Theses, Dissertations, Professional Papers, and Capstones
Trauma exposure has been linked to a plethora of negative outcomes, including suicidality. Despite the abundance of research on the effects of trauma, little is known about its relationship with suicidality among adolescents. Moreover, even less research examines cultural and gender specific risk factors among Black adolescents. This study was founded on the cultural model of suicide, and the gendering of suicide theory, suggesting that suicidality in minority populations is influenced by cultural experiences (i.e., traumas) and perceptions of suicide, as well as gender differences that dictate where Black adolescents fall on the suicide spectrum. Using archival data (e.g., YRBSS) …