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Articles 1201 - 1230 of 1258

Full-Text Articles in Psychology

A Comparison Of The Effects Of Age Stereotypes On The Performance Evaluations Of Two Different Jobs, Mitchell P. Siegel Jan 1980

A Comparison Of The Effects Of Age Stereotypes On The Performance Evaluations Of Two Different Jobs, Mitchell P. Siegel

Retrospective Theses and Dissertations

No abstract provided.


Perception Of Subordinates' Job Evaluation Factors To Determine Supervisor-Subordinate Agreement, George Edward Romot Jan 1980

Perception Of Subordinates' Job Evaluation Factors To Determine Supervisor-Subordinate Agreement, George Edward Romot

Retrospective Theses and Dissertations

No abstract provided.


The Relationship Of Fear Of Success To Management Potential Variables, Virginia M. Culbertson Oct 1979

The Relationship Of Fear Of Success To Management Potential Variables, Virginia M. Culbertson

Retrospective Theses and Dissertations

Early psychological research on achievement motivation has focused on the effects of fear of failure and the wish to succeed as component parts of need for achievement (nAch). Achievement motivation is defined as a need to achieve for its own sake rather than for the benefits of such achievement (Kimble & Garmezy, 1968, p. 691). It is considered to be a fairly stable personality characteristic, not particularly goal specific (Berkowitz, 1972, p. 115), involving two specific aspects--wish (or hope) to succeed and fear of failure. The first is seen as an approach motive which focuses on anticipation of reward. The …


The Effect Of Feminist And Anti-Feminist Speeches On Feminist And Nonfeminist Women's Self-Esteem, Addis Eugenia Spurge Oct 1979

The Effect Of Feminist And Anti-Feminist Speeches On Feminist And Nonfeminist Women's Self-Esteem, Addis Eugenia Spurge

Retrospective Theses and Dissertations

Three groups of women from undergraduate psychology classes at the University of Central Florida were exposed to an experimental treatment which consisted of either a feminist, anti-feminist or a sex-role neutral speech. All subjects were administered the Feminism II Scale prior to the treatment, and the Tennessee Self-Concept Scale both prior to and immediately following the treatment conditions. No posttest differences in total self-esteem scores were noted among the treatment conditions. The anti-feminist treatment sample did have significantly lower scores on the family self subscale of the Tennessee Self-Concept Scale than either the feminist or control groups. Additionally, there were …


Feminine Sex Roles And Depression In Middle-Aged Women, Emily Gaines Tinsley Oct 1979

Feminine Sex Roles And Depression In Middle-Aged Women, Emily Gaines Tinsley

Retrospective Theses and Dissertations

The preponderance of females in the depressed population is a well established fact. Various hypotheses for this fact are reviewed and the hypothesis that females accepting the feminine role will be more likely to become depressed during their middle years than a more androgenous woman is submitted. To support this hypothesis a study was designed utilizing a Clinical group consisting of females, 35 to 50 experiencing depression and undergoing treatment for depression at one of three mental health centers and a Non-clinical group consisting of women, same age group, not experiencing depression and who had never undergone treatment for depression. …


The Use Of The Rorschach With Young Children: Special Considerations In Administration, Scoring, And Interpretation And In The Measurement Of Cognitive Functioning, Patricia Parry Barber Jul 1979

The Use Of The Rorschach With Young Children: Special Considerations In Administration, Scoring, And Interpretation And In The Measurement Of Cognitive Functioning, Patricia Parry Barber

Retrospective Theses and Dissertations

A discussion of the Rorschach's validity as a diagnostic tool seems most manageable when validity is addressed not in terms of global personality descriptions, but rather in terms of specific subquestions. This paper investigates the Rorschach's usefulness as an indicator of cognitive functioning in preadolescent children. Within a developmental framework and focusing primarily upon the cognitive theories of Jean Piaget, predictable stages of the child's intellective growth are described with an emphasis on Rorschach response patterns which seem to best chronicle that growth. Empirical data from both clinical and educational spheres are offered as supportive evidence for the Rorschach as …


Operant Techniques For Teaching Speech Behavior To Severely Language Handicapped Children: A Review, James Archbold Jul 1979

Operant Techniques For Teaching Speech Behavior To Severely Language Handicapped Children: A Review, James Archbold

Retrospective Theses and Dissertations

This paper is a detailed review of published research related to the use of operant procedures and techniques in the development of speech behaviors in severely language handicapped children. Review of this literature suggests that there currently exists an operant technology for the development of speech behaviors in a great many severely language handicapped children. Based on the procedures reviewed, a general program for the development of speech behaviors is suggested, which includes behavioral referents by means of which a therapist may both determine the potential utility of the recommended techniques and decide upon an appropriate starting point for training.


Experimental And Standard Formats For Procedural Instruction: Evaluation Of Merging Pictorials And Words, Anne M. Polino Jul 1979

Experimental And Standard Formats For Procedural Instruction: Evaluation Of Merging Pictorials And Words, Anne M. Polino

Retrospective Theses and Dissertations

Three methods of training procedural tasks were studied. Forty-five high aptitude and fourth-five low aptitude Naval trainees from the Basic Electronics and Electricity School, Orlando, Florida, were given training with either a programmed instruction text with a pictorial-print information presentation format, or a standard narrative text. The effects of instructional method and aptitude on the performance of a procedural task after 1 1/2 hours of study and after on week's time were evaluated. It was shown that subjects who studied the programmed instruction text with the pictorial-print information presentation format made significantly (p<.0001) fewer performance errors, immediately after study and after one week, than did the subjects who studied the other methods. It was also shown that high aptitude subjects performed significantly (p<.0001) better than low aptitude subjects, regardless of training method. However, it was found that the low aptitude subjects who studied the programmed instruction text with the pictorial-print information presentation format performed significantly (p < 0.1) better than the low aptitude subjects who studied the other materials. These low aptitude subjects who studied the other materials. These low aptitude subjects also performed significantly (p < .01) better than the high aptitude subjects who studied the standard narrative text.


The Effects Of Marijuana Smoking On Human Subjects: A Literature Review, Gregory Roth Burmeister Jul 1979

The Effects Of Marijuana Smoking On Human Subjects: A Literature Review, Gregory Roth Burmeister

Retrospective Theses and Dissertations

This paper is a critical review of current research on the effects of marijuana use in human subjects. The first three sections provide basic information on the pharmacology of marijuana, the methodological difficulties in marijuana research, and the subjective effects associated with its use. The main body of the paper deals with psychological and physiological effects separately.


How To Make A Token Economy Work: Goals And Variables Of Token Economies With The Institutionalized Mentally Retarded, Laura Ann Wade Jul 1979

How To Make A Token Economy Work: Goals And Variables Of Token Economies With The Institutionalized Mentally Retarded, Laura Ann Wade

Retrospective Theses and Dissertations

Token systems of reinforcement are an increasingly popular method of modifying the behavior of the institutionalized mentally retarded. The dramatic success of the token economy has resulted in its programmatic use without full consideration for the relevancy of treatment goals and the numerous variables that may contribute to the successful implementation and maintenance of the token economy. An examination of the treatment goals found in the existing literature reveals that two orientations presently exist: management/control and therapeutic/educative. Furthermore, a review of the literature reveals differing methods or variables may contribute to achieving a successful token economy with the mentally retarded. …


Employee Attitude Invariance: A Guide For Personnel Practitioners, Robert A. Cohen Jul 1979

Employee Attitude Invariance: A Guide For Personnel Practitioners, Robert A. Cohen

Retrospective Theses and Dissertations

No abstract provided.


A Sex Comparison Of Job Satisfaction For Middle Management: Individual And Organizational Influences, Lesley J. Harlow Apr 1979

A Sex Comparison Of Job Satisfaction For Middle Management: Individual And Organizational Influences, Lesley J. Harlow

Retrospective Theses and Dissertations

No abstract provided.


The Use Of Tolerance For Ambiguity And Empathic Listening Skills To Predict Conscientious Crisis Intervention Volunteers, Lois Murphy Apr 1979

The Use Of Tolerance For Ambiguity And Empathic Listening Skills To Predict Conscientious Crisis Intervention Volunteers, Lois Murphy

Retrospective Theses and Dissertations

It was hypothesized that the personality variable Tolerance for Ambiguity and empathic listening skills would significantly differentiate conscientious from nonconscientious crisis intervention volunteers. A group of 20 conscientious and a group of 20 nonconscientious volunteers from a local crisis intervention center were given a test of Tolerance for Ambiguity and a test of empathic listening skills that measured Interest, Understanding, and Response-ability. Results of t-tests between the groups and correlations between the variables indicated that Tolerance for Ambiguity was not a significant differentiator between the two groups. However, it was found that conscientious volunteers had significantly higher levels of Interest …


Effect Of Sensor/Display, Target And Scene Characteristics On Detection Time In The Development Of A Target Acquisition Model, Brian Lee Silbernagel Apr 1979

Effect Of Sensor/Display, Target And Scene Characteristics On Detection Time In The Development Of A Target Acquisition Model, Brian Lee Silbernagel

Retrospective Theses and Dissertations

No abstract provided.


Methods For Increasing Children's Comprehension Of Prosocial Values As Transmitted Through Television Programs, Lissette E. Villanueva Apr 1979

Methods For Increasing Children's Comprehension Of Prosocial Values As Transmitted Through Television Programs, Lissette E. Villanueva

Retrospective Theses and Dissertations

This study examined the effect of intervening commentary and generalization discussions upon the generalization of prosocial values as transmitted through a commercially broadcast prosocial television program. The subjects participating were 50 first graders and 50 third graders. They were randomly assigned to one of five treatment conditions (control, film only, film with commentary, film with generalization, and film with commentary and generalization). Contrary to predications, the intervening commentary used as a means of directing attention to the critical points in the story, did not have an effect upon the comprehension of the values implied in the program. It is suggested …


A Comparative Study Of Computer-Assisted Instruction Versus Classroom Training Of Naval Technicians Of Varying Aptitude Levels, Daniel J. Dwyer Jan 1979

A Comparative Study Of Computer-Assisted Instruction Versus Classroom Training Of Naval Technicians Of Varying Aptitude Levels, Daniel J. Dwyer

Retrospective Theses and Dissertations

Any discussion of computer-assisted instruction (CAI) cannot proceed very far without first examining the issue of programmed instruction (PI). CAI is a relatively recent development in the area of education and training, whereas PI enjoys a somewhat longer history. Nonetheless, PI lies at the very heart of CAI and forms the base on which CAI exists. CAI then, may be viewed as a mode or type of PI. B. F. Skinner's work in the 1940's with the principles of operant conditioning laid the groundwork for the concept of PI (Garner, 1966). Operant conditioning is a type of conditioning whereby an …


Emg Biofeedback As A Generalized Relaxation Technique, David Cunningham Jan 1979

Emg Biofeedback As A Generalized Relaxation Technique, David Cunningham

Retrospective Theses and Dissertations

Ten college students serving as volunteer subjects were randomly assigned to one of two groups. One group received EMG biofeedback training using feedback from the frontalis muscle only, and the other group received EMG biofeedback training using feedback from several muscle sites. It was hypothesized that subjects who were given EMG biofeedback relaxation training sequentially from several muscle sites would be able to lower EMG levels at these sites to a significantly greater degree than subjects who received EMG biofeedback relaxation training using feedback from the frontalis muscle only. Both groups were given a pre-training baseline session, nine training sessions, …


Attitudes, Communication And Attraction, John R. Connell Jan 1979

Attitudes, Communication And Attraction, John R. Connell

Retrospective Theses and Dissertations

No abstract provided.


Emotional Disturbances And Mental Retardation, Jeannie Willard Ervin Oct 1978

Emotional Disturbances And Mental Retardation, Jeannie Willard Ervin

Retrospective Theses and Dissertations

No abstract provided.


The Evaluation Of A Behaviorally Based Supervisory Training Program In An Industrial Setting, Elizabeth B. Deeb Oct 1978

The Evaluation Of A Behaviorally Based Supervisory Training Program In An Industrial Setting, Elizabeth B. Deeb

Retrospective Theses and Dissertations

No abstract provided.


The Effects Of Progressive Relaxation Training And Biofeedback-Assisted Relaxation Training On Control Of Stress Arousal, Barbara S. Lindley Jul 1978

The Effects Of Progressive Relaxation Training And Biofeedback-Assisted Relaxation Training On Control Of Stress Arousal, Barbara S. Lindley

Retrospective Theses and Dissertations

No abstract provided.


Self-Esteem And Adolescence, William A. Robertson Jul 1978

Self-Esteem And Adolescence, William A. Robertson

Retrospective Theses and Dissertations

No abstract provided.


Reduction Of Lunchroom Noise And Other Behaviors Using Feedback And Group Contingent Reinforcement, Lottie Nell Larowe Apr 1978

Reduction Of Lunchroom Noise And Other Behaviors Using Feedback And Group Contingent Reinforcement, Lottie Nell Larowe

Retrospective Theses and Dissertations

Reduction of noise levels in an elementary school lunchroom was examined as a function of feedback and feedback plus reinforcement using group contingency procedures. Feedback consisted of signals from a traffic light with green indicating acceptable levels, yellow indicating slightly higher levels and red indicating unacceptable levels. Other behaviors, running, hitting, pushing and kicking, were measured incidentally. Results indicate that feedback plus reinforcement was effective in reducing noise levels. Feedback alone was also effective, but to a lesser degree. No response - response relationship was found to exist between noise level and the other behaviors.


The Effects Of Halo Reduction Training On Individuals Varying In Cognitive Complexity, Kanchan S. Dandage Jan 1978

The Effects Of Halo Reduction Training On Individuals Varying In Cognitive Complexity, Kanchan S. Dandage

Retrospective Theses and Dissertations

The effects of training in halo reduction on cognitively complex and noncomplex individuals were studied. Three main hypotheses were tested: 1) There would be a significant negative relationship between cognitive complexity and halo. 2) Training would significantly reduce halo. 3) Training would significantly reduce the amount of halo in the ratings of cognitively noncomplex individuals, but not in the ratings of complex individuals. Forty undergraduate students were given a cognitive complexity test, and high and low complexity groups were identified. Subjects were randomly assigned to either the Training or the No-Training condition. The training groups participated in a lecture-discussion session …


A Review Of The Behavioral Techniques For Weight Reduction And Control In Adults, Carol Kerr Hardee Jan 1978

A Review Of The Behavioral Techniques For Weight Reduction And Control In Adults, Carol Kerr Hardee

Retrospective Theses and Dissertations

Obesity has been an increasing health problem in the United States. In recent years, extensive research has been on the use of behavioral techniques for weight control. Although traditional methods of treatment have not proven to be long-term, some behavioral studies have indicated maintenance. Findings indicated that self-control methods are most effective when they are presented through therapist instruction, which is gradually faded. A full behavioral program for weight control would also include basic adjunct procedures, i.e., monitoring of calories or food, exercise, stimulus control, and social reinforcement, as well as major behavioral methods such as covert sensitization, contracting, bibliotherapy, …


The Effects Of Coverant Control Therapy Under Two Different Conditions On Depression, Steven Brian Lucks Jan 1978

The Effects Of Coverant Control Therapy Under Two Different Conditions On Depression, Steven Brian Lucks

Retrospective Theses and Dissertations

Twenty seven undergraduate psychology students were randomly assigned to two treatment groups and one no treatment control group to assess the effects of Coverant Control Therapy (CCT) under 2 different conditions on depression. The research was an analogue study. The first treatment group received CCT in a didactic format, while the second treatment group received CCT in an encounter group format. The control group assembled jigsaw puzzles. All subjects were administered the Multiple Affective Adjective Check List (MAACL) and the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory "D" scale for pre-, post-, and followup testing. Groups met for 4 sessions. Separate one-way analyses …


Parent Education: Its Impact On Parental Well-Being, Jean M. Anderson Jan 1978

Parent Education: Its Impact On Parental Well-Being, Jean M. Anderson

Retrospective Theses and Dissertations

The study understood to determine the effect parent training program have on parental mental well-being and whether the reason parents enter training affects their initial level of mental well-being or the outcome of the training. A review of the research literature reveals that parents are the appropriate subjects to train to change children's behavior and personalities. The literature does not support the theory that parents cause children's behavior and personalities, but we can conclude that parents are a definite, important influence in these areas. In the process of learning to impact their children, the parents participating in parent education programs …


The Child's Conception Of Confidentiality In The Psychotherapeutic Relationship, Charlene Marie Burgess Jan 1978

The Child's Conception Of Confidentiality In The Psychotherapeutic Relationship, Charlene Marie Burgess

Retrospective Theses and Dissertations

Children between the ages of 6 and 15 years were interviewed using a questionnaire designed to assess their conception of confidentiality in the counseling experience. This questionnaire was based upon the stipulates for confidentiality outlined in the 1977 American Psychological Association's Code of Ethics. Children age 6 to 8 years scored significantly lower on the questionnaire than children age 12 to 15 years. Neither of these groups' scores were significantly different from the score of children age 9 to 11 years, yet the total mean scores increased as the age of the children in the groups increased. These results suggest …


Employability Skills Training For Displaced Homemakers Measured Via The Practice Interview, Carolyne Grimm Mierswa Jan 1978

Employability Skills Training For Displaced Homemakers Measured Via The Practice Interview, Carolyne Grimm Mierswa

Retrospective Theses and Dissertations

Two groups of females participated in a practice interview designed to measure the effectiveness of assertive communication taught during a two week program for Displaced Homemakers. The Experimental Group, selected according to CETA criteria, were interviewed after receiving training. The Control Group were women similar in all relevant respects with the exception of having worked for pay outside the home within the past three years. The structured interview was designed to incorporate the same areas for evaluation as would potential employers in a real selection process. Instructions to provide motivation, or demand characteristics, for both groups were contained in a …


Movement Therapies: Foundations And Applications For Awareness And Growth, Jody Lynn Shotwell Apr 1977

Movement Therapies: Foundations And Applications For Awareness And Growth, Jody Lynn Shotwell

Retrospective Theses and Dissertations

The theoretical and historical foundations of body work and movement therapies are explored. Wilhelm Reich is credited with bringing into prominence the inclusion of the body in psychotherapy. His influence on Alexander Lowen and Fritz Perls is explored in detail. The importance in psychotherapy of breathing, energy, self-expression, spontaneous movement, and awareness is stressed. Six expressive movement therapies -- Gestalt body work, t'ai chi, encounter group exercises, bioenergetic therapy, psychomotor training, and dance therapy -- are described in detail. An evaluation and comparison of the various movement forms is offered, along with suggestions for outcome research in the area. The …