Open Access. Powered by Scholars. Published by Universities.®

Psychology Commons

Open Access. Powered by Scholars. Published by Universities.®

Embry-Riddle Aeronautical University

Discipline
Keyword
Publication Year
Publication
Publication Type
File Type

Articles 1381 - 1408 of 1408

Full-Text Articles in Psychology

A Psychopolitical Analysis Of Situation Awareness: An Editorial, Ibpp Editor Dec 1996

A Psychopolitical Analysis Of Situation Awareness: An Editorial, Ibpp Editor

International Bulletin of Political Psychology

The editor discusses aviation-related terrorism, situational awareness, and related psychological and human factors involved.


The Need For A United States Government Capacity To Analyze And Counter Foreign Perception Management Operations: Part I, Todd Levanthal Dec 1996

The Need For A United States Government Capacity To Analyze And Counter Foreign Perception Management Operations: Part I, Todd Levanthal

International Bulletin of Political Psychology

This begins a three-part series by Mr. Todd Leventhal who from January 1987 to May 1996 was Program Officer for Countering Disinformation at the United States Information Agency (USIA.) The series reflects only his personal opinions, not those of USIA or the United States Government (USG.) It is presented with only the most minor editing, but with extensive commentary by IBPP. The series also reflects IBPP's deep commitment to foster deliberation and--when appropriate-- change in science, policy, programs, and informed opinion.


The Psychopolitics Of Language And Communication, Ibpp Editor Nov 1996

The Psychopolitics Of Language And Communication, Ibpp Editor

International Bulletin of Political Psychology

The editor discusses political issues connected by linguistic and communicative discord and controversy.


Dissonance In The Mideast, Ibpp Editor Nov 1996

Dissonance In The Mideast, Ibpp Editor

International Bulletin of Political Psychology

The editor discusses political violence and the concept of cognitive dissonance in the context of Israel, Palestine, and the Middle East.


An Ethological Approach To Information Warfare, Ibpp Editor Nov 1996

An Ethological Approach To Information Warfare, Ibpp Editor

International Bulletin of Political Psychology

The editor discusses the concept of information warfare from a historical perspective..


The Psychology Of Moral Judgment: Applications For Counterintelligence And Personnel Security, Ibpp Editor Nov 1996

The Psychology Of Moral Judgment: Applications For Counterintelligence And Personnel Security, Ibpp Editor

International Bulletin of Political Psychology

The editor discusses psychological aspects of moral development, referencing the work of Lawrence Kohlberg, in the context of espionage.


Hutus And Tutsis: A Case For Cognitive Complexity And Social Intelligence In Foreign Policy, Ibpp Editor Nov 1996

Hutus And Tutsis: A Case For Cognitive Complexity And Social Intelligence In Foreign Policy, Ibpp Editor

International Bulletin of Political Psychology

The editor discusses concepts of cognitive complexity and social intelligence in the context foreign policy. Political violence among Tutsi and Hutu ethnic groups is emphasized.


Courts, Political Violence, And Problems With Witness Testimony, Ibpp Editor Nov 1996

Courts, Political Violence, And Problems With Witness Testimony, Ibpp Editor

International Bulletin of Political Psychology

The editor discusses the concept of witness testimony from a legal and psychological perspective.


Psychobiography And Politics, Ibpp Editor Nov 1996

Psychobiography And Politics, Ibpp Editor

International Bulletin of Political Psychology

The editor discusses how voters base their voting preferences and behaviors on the meaning given to a single event in the lives of the candidates in U.S. presidential elections.


Leadership And Psychopathy, Ibpp Editor Nov 1996

Leadership And Psychopathy, Ibpp Editor

International Bulletin of Political Psychology

The editor discusses what makes for a successful leader, and whether such a leader can be psychopathic.


Foreign Policy And The People's Republic Of China: A Behaviorist Perspective, Ibpp Editor Nov 1996

Foreign Policy And The People's Republic Of China: A Behaviorist Perspective, Ibpp Editor

International Bulletin of Political Psychology

The editor discusses foreign policy as it relates to China through the lens of behavioral psychology.


The Psychology Of Conspiracy, Ibpp Editor Nov 1996

The Psychology Of Conspiracy, Ibpp Editor

International Bulletin of Political Psychology

The editor discusses the psychological and moral aspects of chemical weapons in the context of terrorism and conspiracies.


Terrorism And Legal Competence, Ibpp Editor Nov 1996

Terrorism And Legal Competence, Ibpp Editor

International Bulletin of Political Psychology

The editor examines the concept of legal concept of competency in context of terrorism.


Personality As It Relates To Performance Among Primary Flight Students At Embry-Riddle Aeronautical University, Caroline F. Farmer Dec 1995

Personality As It Relates To Performance Among Primary Flight Students At Embry-Riddle Aeronautical University, Caroline F. Farmer

Master's Theses - Daytona Beach

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the relationship of primary flight students' performance as it relates to personality. Previous research has provided the basis for the relationship between what an individual accomplishes and personality traits. The individual performance of 30 students were evaluated by two different techniques during an observer flight. One was an evaluation form developed by the researcher and the other, the flight instructor's (P.I.C.) evaluation. The performance data gathered by the researcher was collected in order to provide a secondary set of performance data in case there was no discriminability amongst the flight instructor's evaluation. …


Upon Closer Inspection...U.S. Naval Aviation Mishaps 1977-1992, Scott A. Shappell, Douglas A. Wiegmann Apr 1994

Upon Closer Inspection...U.S. Naval Aviation Mishaps 1977-1992, Scott A. Shappell, Douglas A. Wiegmann

Publications

The U.S. Navy/Marine Corps Class A flight/flight-related mishap rate has declined markedly since 1953. However, analysis of all Class A, B, and C naval aviation mishaps between January 1977 and December 1992 reveals that mishaps attributable to human factors have declined at a slower rate than those attributable to mechanical/environmental factors. Upon closer inspection of the data, marked differences were evident between single-piloted and dual-piloted aircraft. Global trends were primarily a function of single-piloted aircraft, particularly when phase of flight and time of day that a mishap occurred are considered. Previously reported improvement in aviation safety may be biased by …


Tyrosine As A Countermeasure To Performance Decrement During Sleep Loss, Douglas A. Wiegmann, David F. Neri, Robert R. Stanny, Scott Shappell, Andrew M. Mccardie, David L. Mckay Apr 1994

Tyrosine As A Countermeasure To Performance Decrement During Sleep Loss, Douglas A. Wiegmann, David F. Neri, Robert R. Stanny, Scott Shappell, Andrew M. Mccardie, David L. Mckay

Publications

The fatigue and cognitive performance deficits associated with sleep loss and stress have motivated the search for effective nonpharmacological countermeasures. The purpose of the present study was to examine the potential behavioral effects of tyrosine, an amino-acid presursor to dopamine and norepinephrine, during an episode of continuous nighttime work involving one night of sleep loss.


Behavioral Effects Of Tyrosine During Sustained Wakefulness, D. L. Wiegmann, D. F. Neri, R. R. Stanny, S. A. Shappell, A. H. Mccardie, D. L. Mckay Dec 1993

Behavioral Effects Of Tyrosine During Sustained Wakefulness, D. L. Wiegmann, D. F. Neri, R. R. Stanny, S. A. Shappell, A. H. Mccardie, D. L. Mckay

Publications

The fatigue and cognitive performance deficits associated with sleep loss and stress, like that experienced during sustained flight operations and nighttime flying, have motivated the search for effective nonpharmacological countermeasures. The behavioral effects of the potential countermeasure tyrosine, an amino-acid precursor to dopamine and norepinephrine, were examined during an episode of continuous nighttime work involving one night's sleep loss. Volunteers performed nine iterations of a battery of cognitive and subjective tasks for approximately 13 h, beginning at 1930 and ending at 0820 the following morning. Subjects remained awake throughout the day on which the experiment began and were awake for …


Work/Rest Schedules And Performance Of F/A-18 Aviators During Fleet Exercise 1992, Scott A. Shappell, David F. Neri Apr 1993

Work/Rest Schedules And Performance Of F/A-18 Aviators During Fleet Exercise 1992, Scott A. Shappell, David F. Neri

Publications

As a continuation of our previous work during Operation Desert Shield/Storm, we examined the effect a fleet exercise has on the work/rest patterns, fatigue, and cognitive performance of F/A-18 aviators. For 10 days during Fleet Exercise 1992, 25 pilots from VFA-81 and VFA-83 completed daily work/rest logs while performing their usual tasks. Subjective measure of fatigue, quality of rest, and sleep need were also collected. A subset of these F/A-18 pilots completed a brief battery of cognitive tasks as soon before flying as possible and again after the flight debrief. As a group, the pilots were adequately rested with little …


Work/Rest Schedules And Performance Of S-3 Aviators During Fleet Exercise 1992, David F. Neri, Scott A. Shappell Mar 1993

Work/Rest Schedules And Performance Of S-3 Aviators During Fleet Exercise 1992, David F. Neri, Scott A. Shappell

Publications

We examined the effect that a fleet exercise has on the work/rest patterns, fatigue, and cognitive performance of S-3 aviators. For 10 days during Fleet Exercise 1992, 21 S-3 aviators from CARRIER AIR WING SEVENTEEN (CVW-17) aboard USS SARATOGA (CV-60) completed detailed daily-activity logs while performing their usual tasks. Subjective measures of fatigue, quality of rest, and sleep need were also collected. A subset of eight aviators completed a brief battery of computer tasks as soon before flying as possible and again after flight debrief. Results indicated that, although the fleet exercise appeared to be below average in difficulty, there …


Subjective Fatigue In A-6, F-14, And F/A-18 Aircrews During Operations Desert Shield And Storm, C. A. Dejohn, S. A. Shappell, D. F. Neri Oct 1992

Subjective Fatigue In A-6, F-14, And F/A-18 Aircrews During Operations Desert Shield And Storm, C. A. Dejohn, S. A. Shappell, D. F. Neri

Publications

Fatigue occurring during naval air combat can reduce performance, impair operational effectiveness, and compromise safety. This study examines the effect of combat missions on the subjective fatigue of naval aircrews deployed aboard USS AMERICA during Desert Shield and Desert Storm. Fatigue was determined using three questionnaires that were completed before and after each mission. Although fatigue significantly increased during combat missions, it usually returned to preflight levels by the next day without noticeably increasing as the operation progressed. We feel that judicious aircrew scheduling on the part of operational planners was one of the most important factors contributing to this …


Effects Of Dextro-Methamphetamine On Subjective Fatigue, C. A. Dejohn, Scott Shappell, D. F. Neri Aug 1992

Effects Of Dextro-Methamphetamine On Subjective Fatigue, C. A. Dejohn, Scott Shappell, D. F. Neri

Publications

Declining aircrew performance during periods of sustained flight operations (SUSOPs) has underscored the need to develop effective countermeasures. This paper reports on the ability of the central nervous system (CNS) stimulant d-methamphetamine to alleviate the detrimental effects of a simulated SUSOPs on subjective fatigue. Subjective fatigue was repeatedly measured by three questionnaires. The simulated SUSOP started at 1800 and consisted of a 9-h planning session followed by 4 h of rest and a 14-h mission. After 6 h of sleep, the 9/4/14 work/rest/work pattern was repeated. At 4 1/2 h into the second mission, 13 subjects were administered 10 mg …


The Effect Of Combat On The Work/Rest Schedules And Fatigue Of A-6 And F-14 Aviators During Operation Desert Shield/Storm, David F. Neri, Scott A. Shappell Aug 1992

The Effect Of Combat On The Work/Rest Schedules And Fatigue Of A-6 And F-14 Aviators During Operation Desert Shield/Storm, David F. Neri, Scott A. Shappell

Publications

During Operation Desert Shield/Storm, A-6 and F-14 aviators aboard USS AMERICA completed daily activity logs and provided subjective measures of fatigue. Aviators flew frequently at night during Desert Storm, but without substantial sleep-related fatigue or problems. A likely contributing factor was the large number of naval aviation assets brought into the combat theater, allowing workload to be shared and activity and rest times to be properly managed. However, raster plots of the data suggest that there may have been an additional contributing factor. The AMERICA travelled eastward from the east coast through seven time zones and became involved in combat …


The Effect Of Combat On Aircrew Subjective Readiness And Lso Grades During Operation Desert Shield/Storm, Scott A. Shappell, David F. Neri May 1992

The Effect Of Combat On Aircrew Subjective Readiness And Lso Grades During Operation Desert Shield/Storm, Scott A. Shappell, David F. Neri

Publications

The effect of operational tasking on aircrew readiness during combat operations continues to be an area of intense investigation within the U.S. Navy. The recent Persian Gulf War provided a unique opportunity to collect data examining aircrew work/rest cycles and operational tasking in a combat environment. For 4 consecutive weeks during Operations Desert Shield and Desert Storm, 18 A-6 and 18 F-14 aviators onboard the USS AMERICA (CV-66) completed daily work/rest logs of their activities while conducting operations from the Red Sea. Activities on the work/rest logs were coded to a resolution of one-half hour. Several flight parameters were also …


Factor Analysis Of The Personal Profile System, Thomas G. Henkel, James Noel Wilmoth Jan 1992

Factor Analysis Of The Personal Profile System, Thomas G. Henkel, James Noel Wilmoth

Publications

Principal components extraction with orthogonal and oblique rotations tested construct validity for the Personal Profile System. MOST-LIKE endorsements of 96 behavioral descriptors were coded with 4, LEAST-LIKE with 1, and unendorsed with 2.5. Descriptor data from 1,045 senior noncommissioned Air Force officers were normalized. Four factors accounted for 85% of total variance, with 19 descriptors loading significantly on two factors and the remaining 77 on just one factor. The measure of sampling adequacy for every descriptor exceeded .94. One factor for the varimax-rotated (best) analysis was bi-scalar, loading on Steadiness and Compliance descriptors; a second resembled Influencing, a third loaded …


Use Of A Commercially Available Flight Simulator During Aircrew Performance Testing, S. A. Shappell, B. J. Bartosh Nov 1991

Use Of A Commercially Available Flight Simulator During Aircrew Performance Testing, S. A. Shappell, B. J. Bartosh

Publications

Investigations of aircrew sustained operations (SUSOPS) have been criticized for employing tasks with no apparent external validity. Because measures obtained directly from aviators flying high-performance aircraft are difficult to obtain, a laboratory compromise is needed. High-fidelity flight simulators used for aircrew training offer the most realistic simulation, but their availability is limited. Personal computer-based flight simulators may provide adequate simulation in, the laboratory at a reasonable cost. This report describes a representative research protocol using a commercially available flight simulator during a simulated aircrew SUSOP.


Factoring The Personal Profile System For Construct Validity: Three Analyses Under Different Standardization Assumptions, Thomas G. Henkel, James Noel Wilmoth Jan 1991

Factoring The Personal Profile System For Construct Validity: Three Analyses Under Different Standardization Assumptions, Thomas G. Henkel, James Noel Wilmoth

Publications

Three types of data were factor analyzed using principal components extractions with orthogonal and oblique rotations to test publisher claims for construct validity of the Personal Profile System (PPS). Behavioral descriptor data from 1,045 senior non-commissioned Air Force officers were factored as raw data, mean corrected data, and standardized z-scores (correlations). The most efficacious solution was produced with standardized z-scores generating four factors accounting for 86% of the total variance. The measure of sampling adequacy for every descriptor exceeded 0.922. The first factor was general with approximately equal loadings on each of the dominance, influencing, steadiness, and compliance dimensions. The …


Star: A Computerized Tutorial In General Psychology, Barbara S. Chaparro, Charles G. Halcomb Jan 1989

Star: A Computerized Tutorial In General Psychology, Barbara S. Chaparro, Charles G. Halcomb

Publications

This study investigated the use of a computerized tutorial--Self-Test and Review (STAR)--in a computer-managed general psychology course. STAR consists of four major modules which provide the student with a variety of learning exercises, including practice quizzes, practice final exams, performance reviews, and structured study questions. The purpose of the study was to determine whether students would choose STAR as a study tool, the effect of lecture versus self-paced settings on the use of STAR, whether students who used STAR would perform better than those who did not, and the effect of the timing of feedback in STAR on performance. Students …


Theoretical Considerations For Extracting Meaning From Personal Profile System Data: The Need For Independent Construct Validity Studies, Thomas G. Henkel, James Noel Wilmoth Jan 1988

Theoretical Considerations For Extracting Meaning From Personal Profile System Data: The Need For Independent Construct Validity Studies, Thomas G. Henkel, James Noel Wilmoth

Publications

The Personal Profile System (PPS) is a psychological testing instrument that has been widely used. The construct validity of the PPS was studied through a review of the literature. This paper organizes the literature review into three broad categories: the background of the PPS; the reliability of the PPS; and the validity of the PPS. The PPS is a self-scoring instrument measuring the behavioral responses of people along four dimensions: (1) dominance; (2) influencing; (3) steadiness; and (4) compliance. The instrument is designed to provide a systematic and comprehensive perception of an individual's behavioral tendencies and the behavioral tendencies of …