Psychology Commons^™

Association Between Exposure To Air Pollution And Thalamus Volume In Adults: A Crosssectional Study, Bruce L. Brown, Dawson W. Hedges, Lance D. Erickson, Shawn D. Gale, Jacqueline E. Anderson

Faculty Publications

Background: Air pollution has been associated with cognitive function and brain volume. While most previous research has examined the association between air pollution and brain volume in cortical structures or total brain volume, less research has investigated associations between exposure to air pollution and subcortical structures, including the thalamus. Further, the few available previous studies investigating associations between air pollution and thalamic volume have shown mixed results.

Methods: In this study, we evaluated the association between PM2.5, PM2.5–10, PM10, nitrogen dioxide, and nitrogen oxides and volume of the thalamus in adults using the UK Biobank resource, a large community-based sample, …

Prevalence Of Depressive Symptoms In The Elderly Population Diagnosed With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus, Wendy C. Birmingham, Beata Dziedzic, Zofia Sienkiewicz, Anna Le ´Nczuk-Gruba, Ewa Kobos, Wieslaw Fidecki, Mariusz Wysokiski

Faculty Publications

Introduction: A sharp rise in the population of elderly people, who are more prone to somatic and mental diseases, combined with the high prevalence of type 2 diabetes mellitus and diabetes-associated complications in this age group, have an impact on the prevalence of depressive symptoms. Aim of the work: The work of the study was the evaluation of the prevalence of depressive symptoms in the elderly population diagnosed with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Materials and methods: The pilot study was conducted in 2019 among 200 people diagnosed with type 2 diabetes mellitus, aged 65 years and above, receiving treatment in …

Cognitive Impairment No Dementia And Associations With Health Literacy, Self-Management Skills, And Functional Health Status, Derin J. Cobia, Rebecca M. Lovett, Laura M. Curtis, Stephen D. Persell, James W. Griffith, Alex Federman, Michael S. Wolf

Faculty Publications

Objectives: To determine the prevalence of cognitive impairment no dementia (CIND) among a diverse, community-based population, and establish associations between CIND and health literacy, chronic disease self-management and functional health status.

Methods: 863 primary care adults without dementia aged 55–74. Adjusted logistic and linear regressions were used to assess associations between CIND (None, Mild, Moderate/Severe) and outcomes.

Results: 36% participants exhibited CIND. It was strongly associated with limited health literacy (Newest Vital Signs: Mild [OR 3.25; 95% CI 1.93, 5.49], Moderate/Severe [OR 6.45; 95% CI 3.16, 13.2]; Test of Functional Health Literacy in Adults: Mild [OR 3.46; 95% CI 2.08, …

Association Between Exposure To Air Pollution And Total Gray Matter And Total White Matter Volumes In Adults: A Cross-Sectional Study, Bruce L. Brown, Lance D. Erickson, Shawn D. Gale, Jacqueline E. Anderson, Dawson W. Hedges

Faculty Publications

Total brain gray-matter and white-matter volumes can be indicators of overall brain health. Among the factors associated with gray-matter and white-matter volumes is exposure to air pollution. Using data from the UK Biobank, we sought to determine associations between several components of air pollution—PM2.5, PM2.5–10, PM10, nitrogen dioxide, and nitrogen oxides—and total gray-matter and total white-matter volumes in multivariable regression models in a large sample of adults. We found significant inverse associations between PM2.5 concentration and total white-matter volume and between PM2.5, PM2.5–10, PM10, nitrogen dioxide, and nitrogen oxide concentrations and total gray-matter volume in models adjusted for age, sex, …

In An Era Of Uncertainty: Impact Of Covid-19on Dental Education, Wendy C. Birmingham, Man Hung, Frank W. Licari, Eric S. Hon, Evelyn Lauren, Sharon Su, Lori L. Wadsworth, Jane H. Lassetter, Tyler C. Graff, William Harman, William B. Carroll, Martin S. Lipsky

Faculty Publications

Purpose/Objectives:The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemicarguably represents the worst public health crisis of the 21stcentury. However,no empirical study currently exists in the literature that examines the impact ofthe COVID-19 pandemic on dental education. This study evaluated the impactof COVID-19 on dental education and dental students’ experience.Methods:An anonymous online survey was administrated to professionaldental students that focused on their experiences related to COVID-19. Thesurvey included questions about student demographics, protocols for schoolreopening and student perceptions of institutional responses, student concerns,and psychological impacts.Results:Among the 145 respondents, 92.4% were pre-doctoral dental studentsand 7.6% were orthodontic residents; 48.2% were female and 12.6% students livedalone …

Science Into Practice: Effective Solutions For Social Isolation And Loneliness., Julianne Holt-Lunstad, Ryan Layton, Bonnie Barton, Timothy B. Smith

Faculty Publications

Robust research evidence confirms the adverse health effects of social isolation and loneliness, with increasing focus on finding effective solutions. What can we extract from epidemiology and relationship science to help us design more effective solutions? This article identifies themes in contemporary scholarship that inform effective program and intervention design. The themes include: (1) multiple underlying causal factors that may require tailored approach; (2) the time course of relationships and disease development versus length of interventions; (3) the protective effects of relationships are based on naturally occurring or existing close relationships, yet most programs involve strangers; and (4) not all …

Cognitive Impairments And Self-Reported Sleep In Early-Stage Parkinson’S Disease With Versus Without Probable Rem Sleep Behavior Disorder, Jonathan Trout, Taylor Christiansen, M. Brooks Bulkley, Jared J. Tanner, Christopher N. Sozda, Dawn Bowers, Daniel Kay

Faculty Publications

Parkinson’s disease (PD) is associated with cognitive and sleep impairments. The presence of rapid eye movement (REM) sleep behavior disorder (RBD) symptoms may represent a worse disease prognosis for PD individuals. We investigated cognitive functioning and self-reported sleep in early-stage PD individuals with (n = 19) or without (n = 31) probable RBD. Probable RBD was defined as >5 on the REM Sleep Behavior Disorder Screening Questionnaire. Inhibition, visuospatial cognitive abilities, working memory, sustained visual attention, verbal fluency, and episodic memory were assessed. Sleep impairments were assessed using the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, Insomnia Severity Index, Epworth Sleepiness Scale, and …

How Supportive And Maladaptive Parental Responses Toward Adolescent Emotions May Affect Adolescent Depressive Symptoms, Kaylin Cash

Family Perspectives

During the peak of adolescent development, teenagers experience a variety of influences that can either improve or exacerbate mental health. Specifically, the way in which an adolescent manages his or her emotions can greatly influence mental health stability. Emotional regulation can decrease the risk of experiencing depressive symptoms. Adolescents may learn how to manage their emotions through a variety of sources, but one of the most influential sources is likely to be their parents. When parents inflict negative philosophies and responses toward negatively expressed adolescent emotions, adolescents are more likely to learn unhealthy emotional regulation skills. Consequently, poor emotional regulation …

Parental Monitoring Of Adolescent Social Media Use And Emotional Regulation, Ronde Walch, Alyssa Sabey

Family Perspectives

Today’s children have been described as “digital natives,” raised amid advances in technology that allow them to use media anytime and anywhere. Parents may feel pressure to restrict their children’s screen time as too much media usage frequently is associated with negative developmental outcomes such as depression, anxiety, and relational and physical aggression. However, studies suggest screen time restrictions alone could be inadequate as adolescents develop independence. Parent-child communication about media content helps children become “critical consumers of media” (Padilla-Walker, Coyne, & Collier, 2016) so they can develop skills to better evaluate content in the media. As adolescents develop these …

Relationship Sabotage In Adults With Low Self-Esteem From Attachment Trauma In Childhood, Rachel Slade

Family Perspectives

Attachment trauma experienced in childhood can lead to the development of anxious and avoidant insecure attachment styles resulting in relational sabotage in romantic relationships. Individuals with an anxious attachment style may enact behaviors that are beneficial to relationships, but their unhealthy motives in said behaviors often erode their relationships. Those with an avoidant attachment style can be withdrawn and distant with partners in their efforts to avoid hurt from intimacy, thus negatively impacting their relationships. Thus, attachment trauma in both avoidant and anxious individuals may lead to behaviors that sabotage their romantic relationships that may greatly decrease relationship satisfaction.

A Fire Lit, Hal Boyd

Family Perspectives

No abstract provided.

Treading The Waters Of Chronic Illness, Janessa Mcquivey

Family Perspectives

No abstract provided.

What To Do When Body Image Interrupts Sexual Satisfaction, Kelsey Hamilton

Family Perspectives

No abstract provided.

The Value Of Vulnerability In Relationships, Emma Allen, Madisen Bird

Family Perspectives

No abstract provided.

Empowerment Through The Battle Of Mental Illness, Heather Smith

Family Perspectives

No abstract provided.

The Positive Power Of Grief, Jessica Caldwell Carter

Family Perspectives

No abstract provided.

The "Safe Adventure" Of Sex, Mckell Jorgensen, Laura Waters Black

Family Perspectives

No abstract provided.

Applying Grace To Improve Mental Health For Young Adults, Megan Gale

Family Perspectives

No abstract provided.

Time For A Wake-Up Call: How Problematic Cell Phone Use Impacts Emerging Adults, Kaelie Crockett

Family Perspectives

No abstract provided.

Uncovering Millennial Marriage, Cassie Knight

Family Perspectives

No abstract provided.

Are Physical Measures Related To Patient-Centered Outcomes In Ards Survivors?, Kitty S. Chan Phd, Lisa Aronson Friedman Scm, Victor D. Dinglas Mph, Catherine L. Hough Md, Msc, Carl Shanholtz Md, E. Wesley Ely Md, Mph, Peter E. Morris Md, Pedro A. Mendez-Tellez Md, James C. Jackson Psyd, Ramona O. Hopkins Phd, Dale M. Needham Fcpa, Md, Phd

Faculty Publications

Objective: To inform selection of physical measures for studies of ARDS survivors within 12 months of ARDS Methods: Secondary analysis of data from 6-month survivors participating in a U.S. multicenter prospective study (ARDSNet Long-Term Outcome Study [ALTOS], N=134) or a multi-site prospective study in Baltimore, MD (Improving Care of Acute Lung Injury Patients [ICAP], N=99). Physical measures, assessed at 6-month follow-up, were categorized according to the World HealthOrganization’s International Classification of Disability and Health: body functions and structures, activity, and participation. Patient-centered outcomes were evaluated at 6 and 12- months: survival, hospitalization, alive at home status, and health-related quality of …

Recording System That Dramatically Increases Intellectual Productivity, Yoshihiko Ariizumi

Learning, Teaching, & Researching Optimization

この記事は、録音システムを使う利点、それが具体的にはどのような活動であり、なぜそのような効果が出るのかについて説明されている。私たちの知性にはまだ多くの研究されていない潜在的な能力があり、この録音システムを使うことによって、そのように眠っている能力を知的生産性のために利用することができる。

知的生産性を飛躍させる録音システム, Yoshihiko Ariizumi

Learning, Teaching, & Researching Optimization

This article explains the benefits of using a recording system, what it is, and why it works. Our intelligence has many unexplored potentials, and by using this recording system, such latent abilities can be utilized for intellectual productivity.

The Ies-R Remains A Core Outcome Measure For Ptsd In Critical Illness Survivorship Research, Megan M. Hosey, O. Joseph Bienvenu, Victor D. Dinglas, Alison E. Turnbull, Ann M. Parker, Ramona O. Hopkins, Karin J. Neufeld, Dale M. Needham

Faculty Publications

To the Editor: In response to Dr. Umberger’s comments on the Impact of Event Scale-Revised (IES-R) and the abbreviated 6-item IES (IES-6), we offer guidance about assessing post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms as part of the existing National Institutes of Health-funded core outcome measurement set (COMS) for clinical research in acute respiratory failure (ARF) survivors

Impact Of Critical Illness On Resource Utilization: A Comparison Of Use In The Year Before And After Icu Admission*, Eliot L. Hirshberg Md, Ms, Emily L. Wilson Mstat, Valoree Stanfield Ms, Kathryn G. Kuttler Phd, Sarah Majercik Md, Mba, Sarah J. Beesley Md, Ms, James Orme Md, Ramona O. Hopkins, Samuel M. Brown Md, Ms

Faculty Publications

Objectives:

Increasingly, patients admitted to an ICU survive to hospital discharge; many with ongoing medical needs. The full impact of an ICU admission on an individual’s resource utilization and survivorship trajectory in the United States is not clear. We sought to compare healthcare utilization among ICU survivors in each year surrounding an ICU admission.

Design:

Retrospective cohort of patients admitted to an ICU during one calendar year (2012) in a multipayer healthcare system. We assessed mortality, hospital readmissions (categorized by ambulatory care sensitive conditions and emergency department), and outpatient visits. We compared the proportion of patients with visits during the …

Full Issue Fall 2018

Intuition: The BYU Undergraduate Journal of Psychology

No abstract provided.

Front Matter Fall 2018

Intuition: The BYU Undergraduate Journal of Psychology

No abstract provided.

Pain That Lasts: The Long-Term Mental Health Implications Of Childhood Bullying, Jesse Whetton

Intuition: The BYU Undergraduate Journal of Psychology

No abstract provided.

Beauty Imbalance: Social Media's Dictation Of Worth, Aileen Washburn

Intuition: The BYU Undergraduate Journal of Psychology

No abstract provided.

Treatment Methods For Major Depressive Disorder: Psychotherapy Vs. Pharmacotherapy, Jeremiah Van Dyke

Intuition: The BYU Undergraduate Journal of Psychology

No abstract provided.