Open Access. Powered by Scholars. Published by Universities.®

International Relations Commons™

Open Access. Powered by Scholars. Published by Universities.®

2023

Discipline
Institution
Keyword
Publication
Publication Type
File Type

Articles 571 - 600 of 761

Full-Text Articles in International Relations

Full Issue - Climate Change Feb 2023

Full Issue - Climate Change

Journal of Nonprofit Innovation

No abstract provided.

Go to article

Latest Research: Summary 5. A Review On The Impact Of Climate Change On Food Security And Malnutrition In The Sahel Region Of Cameroon Feb 2023

Latest Research: Summary 5. A Review On The Impact Of Climate Change On Food Security And Malnutrition In The Sahel Region Of Cameroon

Journal of Nonprofit Innovation

Climate change has direct and indirect impacts on human health. One indirect impact is food insecurity, which can lead to malnutrition. In the Sahel region of Cameroon, the population regularly experiences high levels of malnutrition, because harsh climate conditions (including extreme drought) have a negative influence on agriculture. In particular, the extreme drought conditions lead to a reduction in agricultural production, an important parameter of food security.

Go to article

A New Cold War: How West Africa Has Become The New Stage For Power Politics Between The West And China, Eric S. Schneider Feb 2023

A New Cold War: How West Africa Has Become The New Stage For Power Politics Between The West And China, Eric S. Schneider

Senior Theses

This thesis seeks to determine how French influence in West Africa will impact a US-China power competition in the region. Senegal and Côte d’Ivoire served as case studies for the evaluation of French influence in the region since many consider these former colonies to have the most French influence. French economic, political/military, and socio-cultural influence was analyzed in each case study, as well as this influence in the context of US-China competition. Although France influences both countries, France has more influence in Côte d’Ivoire and may be able to influence decisions there, more so than Senegal. Nevertheless, China has become …

Go to article

David Versus Goliath: The Power Of Weakness In Asymmetric Warfare—Lessons From History, Nicholas K. Petaludis Feb 2023

David Versus Goliath: The Power Of Weakness In Asymmetric Warfare—Lessons From History, Nicholas K. Petaludis

Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects

Under what conditions do violent nonstate actors (VNA) succeed against states? Why does David sometimes beat Goliath? Since at least the time of Thucydides and the Peloponnesian Wars, the realist narrative in international relations measures power primarily in relative, coercive, and deterrent terms. Strong states should accordingly face fewer constraints and enjoy more options while pursuing their national interests. Unconventional warfare, and its subsets of terrorism and insurgency, should—given these circumstances, end in VNA failure. Sometimes, however, VNAs find success. By comparing the literature on historical and current case studies, I propose that a set of preconditions and two mechanisms …

Go to article

Finding Autonomy Under The Russian Bear: Explaining Central Asia’S Response To The Invasion Of Ukraine, Ryan Hitch Feb 2023

Finding Autonomy Under The Russian Bear: Explaining Central Asia’S Response To The Invasion Of Ukraine, Ryan Hitch

Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects

The Russian invasion of Ukraine was one of the most important geopolitical events of the 21st century, which will have lasting effects on the international community. While the responses of the United States and Europe to Russia’s invasion have been extensively covered, the response of Central Asia has received relatively less attention. Russia’s extensive investments in multilateral regional organizations and Central Asia’s heavy reliance on Moscow for security and economic assistance should predict that Central Asian states would bandwagon with Russia. However, the region has thus far remained officially neutral towards the war and certain states are openly antagonizing …

Go to article

The Impact Of Overseas Study Experiences On Chinese Students’ Attitudes Toward The United States, Xufeng Fang Feb 2023

The Impact Of Overseas Study Experiences On Chinese Students’ Attitudes Toward The United States, Xufeng Fang

Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects

The extent to which overseas study experiences increase Chinese students’ positive attitude toward the United States has triggered debates because of Chinese government’ overwhelming influence on Chinese students studying overseas, the instability of U.S.-China relations and the especially complex characteristics of Chinese students’ attitudes themselves. I will use value theory, belief system theory, and self-categorization theory to explain the unstable character of these attitudes, and the important roles of values and identity that determine attitudes’ change. After making three key hypotheses based on these theories, this paper conducts a survey on three groups of Chinese students both in China and …

Go to article

Latest Research: Summary 3. Exploring The Impact Of Climate Change On The Future Of Community-Based Wildlife Conservation Feb 2023

Latest Research: Summary 3. Exploring The Impact Of Climate Change On The Future Of Community-Based Wildlife Conservation

Journal of Nonprofit Innovation

Rural populations with local, small-scale agricultural economies across southern and eastern Africa have adopted community-based conservation (CBC) as their wildlife governance approach. This approach is based on the idea that communities will sustainably govern their wildlife resources when they “receive an enduring interest in and are able control and profit from those resources” (p. 1). The key to the success of this approach is the people within those communities need to believe that the benefit from CBC outweighs the costs associated with living with human-wildlife conflicts (HWC). Human-wildlife conflicts include killing of crops or livestock, destruction of infrastructure, and human …

Go to article

Two Responsibilities To Protect, Patrick Quinton-Brown Feb 2023

Two Responsibilities To Protect, Patrick Quinton-Brown

Research Collection School of Social Sciences

The purpose of this paper is to re-theorize the evolution of the Responsibility to Protect (RtoP) in the UN through to 2011, the apogee of liberal interventionism in the post-Cold War period. Contrary to a common argument in existing literature, and notwithstanding the adoption of the concept as an annual agenda item of the General Assembly, international contestation is not about implementation as neatly separated from meaning, but rather definition or interpretation. To better understand the boundaries of intergovernmental understanding, we need to interrogate the language or terms of the debate, particularly the ways in which those terms have been …

Go to article

Quad 2.0: Australia’S Reaction To The ‘China Threat’, Shakthi De Silva Jan 2023

Quad 2.0: Australia’S Reaction To The ‘China Threat’, Shakthi De Silva

Journal of Strategic and Global Studies

The prevailing scholarly consensus maintains that Australia’s rising threat perception of China influenced its decision to re-join the Quadrilateral Security Dialogue (Quad) in 2017. Although the minilateral initiative does not have a declared policy to inhibit China’s influence or curtail China’s aggressive behaviour in the Indo-Pacific region, scholars assert that the underlying rationalisation for its resurgence in the present context is due to China’s behaviour. The paper tests this hypothesis by examining whether Australia’s threat perception of China is manifest in its defence white papers and defence updates from 2000 to 2016. Having reviewed this primary material, the author concludes …

Go to article

The Organization Of Islamic Cooperation (Oic): Opportunities And Challenges For Practicing Culturally-Sensitive Mediation In Intra-Muslim Conflicts, Nirvana Ahmad Jan 2023

The Organization Of Islamic Cooperation (Oic): Opportunities And Challenges For Practicing Culturally-Sensitive Mediation In Intra-Muslim Conflicts, Nirvana Ahmad

Theses and Dissertations

Established in 1969, the OIC sat a unique paradigm in the international order as an intergovernmental organization that claims a religious identity and mandate: working for Muslim unity and interests. In that pursuit, it has assumed the function of the peaceful settlement of disputes as one of its primary roles. Over half a century of its existence, not only did the OIC drift away from its founding principles and commitments; it is now condemned for turning into an arena for polarization among Muslims, where unchecked geopolitical competition has aroused rampant violence of all sorts.
The literature on the OIC extensively …

Go to article

Security Governance Strategies: Comparing Rebel Groups In Lebanon And Syria, Nourhan Samir Ibrahim Jan 2023

Security Governance Strategies: Comparing Rebel Groups In Lebanon And Syria, Nourhan Samir Ibrahim

Theses and Dissertations

The prevalence of civil wars especially after the end of the Cold War led to the rise of rebels who control parts of national states in the absence or weakness of the central government. Therefore, scholars who are interested in studying civil wars started to give more attention to how these rebels function after controlling a territory. It is substantial to study rebels who govern since they influence the post conflict peace-building. This study aimed at exploring the different factors that contribute to the sustainability of rebel governance during civil wars, and how this sustainability might lead to inclusion in …

Go to article

Bagdad On Fire, John C. Lyden Jan 2023

Bagdad On Fire, John C. Lyden

Journal of Religion & Film

This is a film review of Bagdad on Fire (2023), directed by Karrar Al-Azzawi.

Go to article

U.S. Energy Information Administration Information Resources, Bert Chapman Jan 2023

U.S. Energy Information Administration Information Resources, Bert Chapman

Libraries Faculty and Staff Presentations

Provides information about the resources produced by U.S. Department of Energy's Energy Information Administration. These resources cover energy statistics for U.S., states, the United States, and foreign countries. They also cover energy products as varied as coal, natural gas, nuclear energy, petroleum, and renewable energy.

Go to article

Arlen Specter: How A Jewish Boy From Kansas Became A Mediator For Middle East Peace, Georgia G. Skuza Jan 2023

Arlen Specter: How A Jewish Boy From Kansas Became A Mediator For Middle East Peace, Georgia G. Skuza

Arlen Specter Center Research Fellowship

Amongst all the things Senator Arlen Specter had accomplished in his thirty years as a United States Senator, one of the most fascinating is that of the late Senators work on the Israel-Palestine conflict. The long-held debate of the borders surrounding Israel & Palestine has made politicians and people chose sides. As a Jewish individual, Senator Specter had to set aside his religious and personal beliefs to affectively pass legislation in the state of Pennsylvania and United States Congress. One of Senator Specter’s largest areas of study was Middle East Diplomacy. His Pro-Israel stance led him to have an aura …

Go to article

Cop27 In A Warming World Beset By Multiple Crises, Eve Croeser Jan 2023

Cop27 In A Warming World Beset By Multiple Crises, Eve Croeser

Emancipations: A Journal of Critical Social Analysis

No abstract provided.

Go to article

The Adaptive Capacity To Implement Climate Migration Policy In Response To Sea-Level Rise In The Maldives, Kelsey Garrett Jan 2023

The Adaptive Capacity To Implement Climate Migration Policy In Response To Sea-Level Rise In The Maldives, Kelsey Garrett

Capstone Collection

This exploratory study is centered on the increasing harmful impacts of climate change and its connection to human life. The effects are exacerbating the current drivers of migration like livelihoods, security, and politics. People are losing their homes and livelihoods because of drought, rising seas, or increasing natural disasters. Millions of people are. Displaced by climate events every year, the number is expected to increase. Due to this, there is value in studying climate change and migration. Amongst the most vulnerable are those living in Small Island Developing States (SIDS). This exploratory study examined the Maldives to understand their adaptive …

Go to article

Heritage Diplomacy: A Case Of The Hashemite Kingdom Of Jordan & The United States, Michelle Rahimi Jan 2023

Heritage Diplomacy: A Case Of The Hashemite Kingdom Of Jordan & The United States, Michelle Rahimi

Capstone Collection

The newer concept of heritage diplomacy is outlined in this paper by first evaluating the various definitions of it presented by scholars in the existing literature. I then attempt to assess how it is postulated to benefit bi-lateral diplomatic relations. The postulated benefits identified are then explored, analyzed, and applied through the lens of a case study between the United States of America and Jordan. The objective of analyzing heritage diplomacy through this particular lens is to identify whether or not heritage diplomacy is capable of cultivating/preserving positive diplomatic relations between states. The paper confirmed that heritage diplomacy has the …

Go to article

Can Health Outcomes And Inequalities Be Improved While Containing Costs? The Role Of Voluntary Health Insurance In Universal Health Care Systems In The Oecd, Paige Bristow Jan 2023

Can Health Outcomes And Inequalities Be Improved While Containing Costs? The Role Of Voluntary Health Insurance In Universal Health Care Systems In The Oecd, Paige Bristow

International Relations Honors Papers

While European countries have improved health outcomes through universal healthcare systems (UHC), they also face pressures to contain the high cost of these systems. In order to control expenses, governments have reduced services covered under UHC and increased co-payments. Voluntary health insurance (VHI) can help cover gaps in publicly financed health coverage, but this is not affordable for all. Since people with higher socioeconomic status are more likely to have VHI and medical providers are incentivized to prioritize people with VHI, VHI tends to exacerbate inequalities in access to health care. Similarly, high out-of-pocket costs worsen healthcare. This research focuses …

Go to article

The Turkish Role In The Eastern Mediterranean Region (2018-2020), Yousef Riad Yousef Al-Jariri Jan 2023

The Turkish Role In The Eastern Mediterranean Region (2018-2020), Yousef Riad Yousef Al-Jariri

Journal of the Association of Arab Universities for Research in Higher Education مجلة اتحاد الجامعات العربية للبحوث في التعليم العالي

This study provided a detailed description to the Turkish maneuvers and interactions with the most important events in the East-Mediterranean, and the way Turkey had played a balanced role between its strategic interests and its political stand toward the most important international issues, taking into consideration its internal front and the ruling party interests. This study tried to understand and unveil the Turkish leadership mind and its ambitions to become a regional power that has the well, power, and influence to enforce its vision and ambition especially in regard to the gas and North Syria. This study came to highlight …

Go to article

The Communication Strategies In Arab Digital Diplomacy... Adoption And Relevancy, Najm Abed Alhatimi Aleessawi Jan 2023

The Communication Strategies In Arab Digital Diplomacy... Adoption And Relevancy, Najm Abed Alhatimi Aleessawi

Journal of the Association of Arab Universities for Research in Higher Education مجلة اتحاد الجامعات العربية للبحوث في التعليم العالي

The article aimed to identify the level of Arab public diplomacy's employment of its communication strategies via the Twitter platform in presenting its political and diplomatic topics and activities. It adopted the descriptive analytical method and the content analysis tool for (1271) tweets from the accounts of Arab foreign ministries on the digital communication platform “Twitter”, for the period from December 1, 2019, to January 31, 2020, using the method of a comprehensive survey of tweets from four Arab countries (Morocco, Saudi Arabia). Jordan, Iraq). The article concluded that security issues ranked first in the tweets of the Jordanian Ministry …

Go to article

Discrimination On The Basis Of Nationality Under The Convention On The Elimination Of Racial Discrimination, William Thomas Worster Jan 2023

Discrimination On The Basis Of Nationality Under The Convention On The Elimination Of Racial Discrimination, William Thomas Worster

Pace International Law Review

Following a recent judgment by the International Court of Justice (ICJ), a divergence has opened between the Court and the Committee on the Elimination of Racial Discrimination (CERD Committee) over whether the Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination (CERD) covers nationality-based discrimination. The ICJ held that the CERD does not, but the CERD Committee had previously held the opposite. The solution to this difference is to recognize that the CERD excludes discrimination between citizens and aliens, and, in this, the ICJ was correct. However, this discrimination is distinct from discrimination between foreign persons on the basis …

Go to article

Theorising From The Land: House Or Tipi Of Ir?, Justin De Leon Jan 2023

Theorising From The Land: House Or Tipi Of Ir?, Justin De Leon

Ethnic Studies Faculty Articles and Research

In 2004, Anna Agathangelou and L.H.M. Ling wrote their important intervention, entitled ‘The House of IR: From Family Power Politics to the Poises of Worldism,’ that ordered various theories of International Relations within an analogy of a colonial household, calling instead for a Worldism that builds communities based on interests and support. One glaring omission from this analysis, however, is mention of indigeneity. Increasingly, in North America, the experiences of Indigenous peoples are shaping national imaginations and popular political discourses – take for instance Idle No More, the Truth and Reconciliation Commission of Canada, Standing Rock, and Mauna Kea, to …

Go to article

Kaunda And The Liberation Of Namibia: Towards An Assessment, Chris Saunders Jan 2023

Kaunda And The Liberation Of Namibia: Towards An Assessment, Chris Saunders

Zambia Social Science Journal

When he died in June 2021, Kenneth Kaunda was widely hailed for his support for Southern African liberation movements. This paper considers the case of Namibia and the South West Africa People’s Organisation (SWAPO) and asks how Kaunda went about trying to bring about the liberation of Namibia in the 1970s and 1980s. He initially let SWAPO military operations take place from Zambia. SWAPO had its headquarters in Zambia in the 1970s, and many thousand Namibian refugees settled in Zambia. In international fora Kaunda gave SWAPO full support, and he backed the establishment of a United Nations (UN) Institute for …

Go to article

Arming Zambia In The “Dark Forest Of International Politics”: Kenneth Kaunda, Britain, And Arms Diplomacy, 1963-1971, Jeff Schauer Jan 2023

Arming Zambia In The “Dark Forest Of International Politics”: Kenneth Kaunda, Britain, And Arms Diplomacy, 1963-1971, Jeff Schauer

Zambia Social Science Journal

From the breakup of the Central African Federation in 1963 until the departure of British officers and trainers in the early 1970s, Kenneth Kaunda led the Zambian government in negotiating arms purchases from British arms manufacturers, with the assistance of the British government. These transactions were intimately connected to security guarantees against Rhodesian aggression that Kaunda negotiated with the former colonial power, and British attempts to foster Zambian foreign policy and technological dependency. While this decade of negotiations had its origins in the contentious local distribution of military resources at the end of Federation, by the time it ended, it …

Go to article

Seeing The Unseen: Bridging Realities Of Experience Through Dependent Origination, Shubham Sapkota Jan 2023

Seeing The Unseen: Bridging Realities Of Experience Through Dependent Origination, Shubham Sapkota

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Overall, this project looks into the problem and history of colonialism, the impact of it on the people and knowledge coming from South Asia, and offers an alternate view to understand our world. The notion of seeing the unseen acknowledges that there are facets of our day-to-day reality that we are often unaware of when thinking about our communities and ourselves. Yet, being able to fully acknowledge and understand the seen and unseen aspects of our community is necessary if we are to work towards improving our communities for the long run. By relying on the Buddhist teaching and discourse …

Go to article

3 Essays On Protests, Repression, And Signaling, Dogus Aktan Jan 2023

3 Essays On Protests, Repression, And Signaling, Dogus Aktan

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

This dissertation focuses on conceptual development across multiple questions of political contention, with a focus on informational processes. In the first paper, I examine the interaction of informational and disruptive effects of protests with a formal model. The model shows that repression can have a screening purpose. Governments use coercion to set the terms of contention so that they only have to accommodate sufficiently aggrieved and salient groups, while filtering out the rest. The model also demonstrates that decreased cost of mobilization makes repression indirectly cheaper for governments, leading to more repression. In the second paper, I examine why governments …

Go to article

The Effects Of Biometric Border Systems On Trans Travelers, Madison Binder Jan 2023

The Effects Of Biometric Border Systems On Trans Travelers, Madison Binder

2023 Undergraduate Awards

The Canada-United States border is the longest land border in the world, stretching more than five thousand miles. The narrative of the Canada-United States border as the “longest undefended border in the world” was reliant on racist images of Canada as a white state. Following the attack on September 11, 2001, this narrative was disrupted and the border became the site of a massive security reconstruction project. Not in the physical sense, but in the scale of funds allocated and technology implemented to control and monitor the flow of movement across the border. Canada’s 2001 budget allocated $1.2 billion towards …

Go to article

The Ambiguity In International Law And Its Effect On Drone Warfare And Cyber Security, Amina Khan Jan 2023

The Ambiguity In International Law And Its Effect On Drone Warfare And Cyber Security, Amina Khan

MA Major Research Papers

Drone warfare and artificial intelligence have considerably shaped cybersecurity and international law over the years. The rapid growth of technology has slowly forced entry into the international and domestic affairs of states. How countries conduct surveillance and practice defence does not look the way it did many years ago. One must observe how the rule of law is affected by technological advancement at the international level where many complexities are seen to rise to the surface. Balancing domestic and international law comes into question when drones and artificial intelligence become key components in state affairs that transcend geographical borders. This …

Go to article

Antiziganism And The Rise In Electoral Success Of Extreme Right-Wing Parties In Central And Eastern Europe, Mohamedameen I. Osman Jan 2023

Antiziganism And The Rise In Electoral Success Of Extreme Right-Wing Parties In Central And Eastern Europe, Mohamedameen I. Osman

Honors Undergraduate Theses

My thesis explores the association between Roma's perceptions of discrimination against them by native populations and electoral support of populist or extreme right-wing parties in Central and Eastern Europe. Roma communities have historically been discriminated and persecuted; however according to findings in the literature, during the Cold War there had been improvements in terms of protection of their rights and their economic advancement. Following the end of the Cold War, however, Roma lost these protections and their status worsened. This deterioration is partly attributed to the rise of far-right parties in the countries of Central and Eastern Europe; this connection, …

Go to article

Propaganda, Criticism, And War: A Study Of Regime Criticism By Propagandists In War, Jack C. Seay Jan 2023

Propaganda, Criticism, And War: A Study Of Regime Criticism By Propagandists In War, Jack C. Seay

Honors Undergraduate Theses

This paper investigates when propagandists criticize their country's war effort, examining instances where propagandists openly criticize the regimes they are expected to support during an armed conflict. This is a unique and relatively unexplored angle on propaganda, differing from widespread research on the range of effects that propaganda has on a target population, the reasons behind using propaganda on a target population, and the methods propagandists use to raise support for a political authority. Understanding when propagandists criticize their country's war effort can mitigate their influence by helping audiences identify when and how propagandists use criticism to their advantage. The …

Go to article

First Prev Next Last