International Relations Commons^™

Trust, Ethnicity, And Political Approval In 21st Century South Africa, Alecia Anderson, Jonathan Bruce Santo

International Dialogue

Trust is a requirement for state legitimacy, however, the relationship between trust and political approval in South Africa is under-investigated, leaving the legitimacy of the South African state questionable. In this study, we use Afrobarometer data from 2004, 2008, and 2012 to investigate citizens’ perspectives on trust and political approval. Using structural equation modeling, we analyze the impact of ethnicity on the relationship between trust and political approval in South Africa. The results are clear that ethnic identity continues to influence the relationship between trust and approval of political offices and policies in South Africa.

For A Left Populism, Emma Murphy

International Dialogue

Chantal Mouffe’s brief work For a Left Populism sets out to tackle the issue of how left politics should respond to the global trend towards populism. While elections in recent years have ushered in populist leaders in states ranging from the Philippines to the United States, Mouffe focuses her analysis on Western European populism specifically. Her argument centres on the importance of recovering democracy in an increasingly “post-democratic” world; to successfully radicalise democracy, Mouffe argues, leftists must first reform existing political institutions. While Mouffe makes an original argument for a reclamation of the term ‘populism’ by a leftist audience, the …

On The Basis Of Sex: Personal Status Law Reforms And Economic Growth, Kylie Bring

Honors Theses

The purpose of this thesis is to analyze how law reform toward gender equity has an impact on economic growth in Arab countries in the Middle East. Personal status law reform granting women economic, social, and personal freedoms is spreading across the region and showing substantial change. Using case studies of major PSL reforms in Tunisia and Morocco, this thesis outlines qualitative and quantitative evidence to support the case that gender equity benefits the economic growth of the given country.

Security Threats, American Pressure, And The Role Of Key Personnel: How Nato’S Defence Planning Process Is Alleviating The Burden-Sharing Dilemma, John R. Deni

Books, Monographs & Collaborative Studies

In 2017, for the first time since the end of the Cold War, none of the capability targets identified in NATO’s quadrennial NATO Defence Planning Process (NDPP) were left on the negotiating table. Previously, capability targets were identified by the alliance’s secretariat, but they remained unfilled as allies failed to assume responsibility for them.

This monograph examines the 2014–18 iteration of the NDPP, which represented a stunning turnaround in transatlantic burden sharing. The analysis reveals a combination of factors—the changed threat environment, political pressure from Washington, and the role of “policy entrepreneurs” working within NATO—best explain the alliance’s success in …

The European Central Bank's Three-Year Long-Term Refinancing Operations (Ecb Gfc), Aidan Lawson

Journal of Financial Crises

The announcement of the three-year Long-Term Refinancing Operations (LTROs) by the European Central Bank (ECB) on December 8, 2011, signaled the beginning of the largest ECB market liquidity programs to date. Continued and increasing liquidity-related pressures in the form of ballooning financial market credit default swap (CDS) spreads, Euro-area volatility, and interbank lending rates prompted a much more forceful ECB response than what had been done previously. The LTROs, using a repurchase (repo) agreement auction mechanism, allowed any Eurozone financial institution to tap essentially unlimited funding at a fixed rate of just 1%. Because the three-year LTROs were so similar …

The Specifics Of The Political Analysis Of The Foreign Policy Of Muslim Countries, Guzal Kadirova

The Light of Islam

The article is devoted to the peculiarities of the foreign policy of Muslim states, where the Islamic factor plays an important role in society. It is known that the religious factor manifests itself in different ways, depending on the historical heritage, culture and characteristics of the socio-political development of the country. At the same time, it has a significant impact on the foreign policy of all Muslim states. So, the Islamic factor is present both in the state foreign policy strategy and in the form of ideology promoted by non-state actors.

In the state policy of Muslim countries, mainly the …

Examining The Relationship Between Legal Origin And Levels Of Economic Globalization, Maeve B. Dwyer

Student Publications

State institutions that came into being centuries ago have taken on different roles in the post-World War II period of globalization. These institutions may have changed significantly as their roles have become greater to accommodate participation in the global political economy. The theory I develop in this paper indicates that the legal origins of a state continue to have a relationship with its current level of economic globalization. This theory is based on previous research produced by several other scholars. My research focuses on the English common law origin and I hypothesize that countries with this legal origin are more …

Understanding Women’S Political Empowerment In A Globalized World, Jenna M. Thoretz

Student Publications

Although women comprise over half of the world’s population, there is still a considerable gap in the scholarly literature, as well as in policymaking communities, regarding the impact globalization has had on women. While scholars have attempted to examine the relationship between globalization and women’s rights and empowerment, there is little consensus on whether globalization harms or benefits women. Through my research, I seek to clarify the relationship between globalization and women’s empowerment, specifically women’s political empowerment. I divide this paper into six sections. I first evaluate the existing literature on the relationship between globalization and women’s empowerment, identifying arguments …

The Trump Doctrine: America First, Not American Exceptionalism, Katelyn Oglesby

Student Publications

President Donald Trump’s foreign policy has developed out of an “America First” ideology that comprises both isolationism and interventionism depending on the situation. This differs from President Barack Obama’s preference for the ideology of American Exceptionalism, which placed America on an equal playing field with other nations and utilized international organizations, such as the United Nations and trade organizations. Most of the Trump Doctrine has arisen out of an intentional shift from “typical” foreign policy of Obama and previous, even Republican, presidents. While Trump is influenced by his White House advisers, he has sidelined the State Department and tends to …

It Is Time To Get Back To Basics On The Border, Donna Coltharp

The Scholar: St. Mary's Law Review on Race and Social Justice

Abstract forthcoming.

Perspectives In A Pandemic, Kevin M. Cahill M.D.

International Affairs

Perspectives in a Pandemic is a series of enlightening essays written by Kevin M. Cahill, M.D., providing a unique insight into the early phase of the COVID-19 pandemic. Dr. Cahill draws on his extensive experiences in earlier epidemics, natural disasters, and armed conflicts to offer lessons, wisdom, guidance, and support to frontline workers. While he wrote the essays as weekly reflections in the early months of the pandemic for the thousands of humanitarian-relief workers he has trained around the world, this book is a must-read for anyone seeking to understand and make some sense of the complexities and chaos inevitable …

China’S “Three Warfares”: People’S Liberation Army Influence Operations, Edwin S. Cochran, U.S. Department Of Defense, Retired

International Bulletin of Political Psychology

The following article—whose author is both a retired US Army officer and retired Department of Defense civilian employee with multiple publications—focuses on Chinese information operations. Readers might wish to speculate on matters such as why the Chinese have organized the way they have, whether the organization leads to optimal integration of tools of national security/political power, and how vulnerable specific populations and even intelligence cultures are to specific types of information operations. One might even conclude that the only thing that has not changed in thousands of years has been the technology available to influence others.

This article examines the …

Making The Case For Genocide, The Forced Sterilization Of Indigenous Peoples Of Peru, Ñusta P. Carranza Ko

Genocide Studies and Prevention: An International Journal

Peru’s national health program Programa de Salud Reproductiva y Planificación Familiar (PSRPF) aimed to uphold women’s reproductive rights and address the scarcity in maternity related services. Despite these objectives, during PSRPF’s implementation the respect for women’s rights were undermined with the forced sterilization of women predominantly of indigenous, poor, and rural backgrounds. This study considers the forced sterilization of indigenous women as a genocide. Making the case for genocide has not been done previously with this particular case. Using the normative markers of the Genocide Convention, this study categorically sets forced sterilization victims from the state-led-policy as victims of genocide, …

Old Walled Politics Or New Pandemic Peace? Lessons From South Korea’S Fight Against Covid-19, Seung-Youn Oh

Political Science Faculty Research and Scholarship

Among the global pandemic’s effects is the way it has exposed the re-emergence of medieval-style walled politics, where countries reject international or regional co-operation and retreat into nationalist, go-it-alone approaches. At the same time, the crisis has revealed unusual opportunities to forge common approaches to battling this invisible enemy. South Korea, as a middle power that stood out as an early success story in the pandemic fight, has played an important role in countering the politics of the past.

Cooperation In The International System: An Interdisciplinary Investigation At The Intersection Of International Relations And International Law, Kalyani Unkule

Maurer Theses and Dissertations

A conversation between the disciplines of International Relations and International Law illuminates the nature of interstate cooperation and enhances our understanding of the nature and potential of international law. There are methodological and practical asymmetries between International Relations and International Law which create ideal conditions for interdisciplinary work. Studying international cooperation on protecting cultural heritage enable us to address the above questions and reevaluate and extend underlying theoretical frameworks.

Legitimizing Violence At The European Border: Gendered Misrepresentations At Sea And The Vulnerable Other, Michela Demelas

Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects

This thesis highlights a temporal and spatial gap in the feminist literature about migrants' journeys throughout the Mediterranean, and investigates the gendered dynamics acting upon the encounter between the European border and racialized bodies at sea. The Mediterranean sea’s material features allow Europe to approach migration as a humanitarian crisis coming from outside, which discharges its responsibility for the deaths. Yet, essentialistic views represent the feminized Other as vulnerable and needing to be saved from the male Other and the sea. Such views shape the Western narratives around concrete rescue procedures and border authorities behaviors. The encounter between the border …

Many Forms Of Black Death: Coal Extraction, Transnational Activism And The Value Of Life In Colombia, Oscar H. Pedraza Vargas

Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects

After the murder of the president and vice president of the coal union by paramilitaries in the department of Cesár, Colombia, the union is left adrift. Its fragility is only heightened when the person who decides to take over, is killed six months later. The union has been vocal on their critique of environmental destruction produced by coal and argues that their criticism is part of the reasons why they were targeted. Not far from there, in the department of Guajira, the conglomerate in charge of Cerrejón, the largest open-pit coal mine of South America, wants to divert a creek …

Urban Warfare: Emerging Geopolitical Conundrum, Bert Chapman

Libraries Faculty and Staff Presentations

Urban warfare is as old as human history. It is becoming increasingly important in international political and military planning due to increasing global urbanization and the presence of megacities (urban areas with populations exceeding 10 million) in many global regions and being in areas of recent and potential military conflict. 2018 World Bank data notes that approximately 56% of the world's population lives in urban areas which is up from 34% in 1960. Many of these megacities, including New York City, Los Angeles, Sao Paulo, Mumbai, Shanghai, and Manila are adjacent to oceanic waters and vulnerable to trade and supply …

How Port Logistics Competitiveness Evolves Among Major Ports In China And Europe (1998-2018), Jiawei Wang

World Maritime University Dissertations

No abstract provided.

An Empirical Assessment Of Trade Engagement : Linking China, Africa And The Belt And Road Initiative, Stersha Alleyne

World Maritime University Dissertations

No abstract provided.

Research On The Overseas Investment Of Chinese Port Operators Under The Belt And Road Initiative : A Case Study On Cosco Shipping Ports And China Merchants Port, Junjie Huang

World Maritime University Dissertations

No abstract provided.

The Ages Of Globalization: Geography, Technology, And Institutions, Brenda Massetti

Journal of Global Awareness

No abstract provided.

Continued Impact Of International Financial Reporting Standards On U.S. Generally Accepted Accounting Principles, Sylwia Gornik-Tomaszewski, Victoria Shoaf

Journal of Global Awareness

The milestone outcomes of over a decade of close cooperation between the Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) and the International Accounting Standards Board (IASB) on the convergence of U.S. Generally Accepted Accounting Principles (U.S. GAAP) and International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS) have been highly publicized in the professional media. Great attention has been paid to such joint FASB and IASB projects as accounting for business combinations, fair value measurement, and revenue recognition. The impact of U.S. GAAP on IFRS has also been discussed and highlighted in many professional and academic resources. It should come as no surprise since FASB is …

Preparing Law Students For The Future Of Work, Technology, And Globalization, Tashfeen Ahmad

Journal of Global Awareness

This paper aims to assist lecturers, universities, and their administrators in improving their law degrees. This is in the context of the future of work. This paper will reflect on how to tailor a law degree to improve the employability of students with this degree. This piece emerged as a viewpoint to identify best practices to prepare a law student for better employability. Significant benefits and opportunities can be unlocked if educators apply and incorporate the findings from this piece. Educators should rethink how they deliver law degrees, keeping in mind the emerging trends in their respective job markets. This …

Combatting Covid-19 In Hungary, Marietta Pókay

Journal of Global Awareness

2020 has witnessed an allegedly unprecedented situation by the outbreak of the new coronavirus pandemic. Some countries are hit more harshly by COVID-19 than others, but we all suffer the medical, economic, and social consequences, although to various extent. Hungary does not perform badly in managing the situation. This article briefly describes how Hungary handles the healthcare and economic issues raised by this pandemic.

Music For One World: Moroccan Musical Experience Of Diversity, Fusion, Happiness, Healing, And Peace, Mark Reimer

Journal of Global Awareness

Although steeped in Islamic religion and culture, Morocco is a land of varying influences and histories, including those of the native Berbers, the Moors and Jews driven out of Spain, those who follow the pious Sufi culture of Islamic spiritualism, and the Gnawa slaves who were brought into southern Morocco by Arabs. The music, customs, values, and everyday lives of these disparate peoples continue to not only blend with each other’s but also to fuse Moroccan music and culture with those of Europe, Africa, and America. The influence of Moroccan music continues to play a vital role in shaping contemporary …

Reflections On Globalization From Behind The Closed Quarantined Door, Andrzej Sankowski

Journal of Global Awareness

There are opinions that coronavirus will cause the end of globalization. Using examples of the European Union’s and the United States’ reaction to the pandemic crisis and other factors, this essay argues that the coronavirus will not destroy globalization but transform it into another form. This essay identifies some evolving trends and indicators triggering certain processes and suggests directions and solutions that seem to be emerging. Conditions before and reactions to the pandemic are influencing the process and the outcomes.

Notes From The Editor, Jay Nathan

Journal of Global Awareness

No abstract provided.

Letter From The Editor, Jay Nathan

Journal of Global Awareness

No abstract provided.

Sino-African Economic Activity And Human Rights Abuses: Economic Enslavement Or Altruistic Assistance?, Ryan Westley Craig

Student Theses and Dissertations

This piece examines the role of increased economic activity in the form of aid, foreign direct investment, and trade of China towards African states in an effort to determine whether or not these phenomena are linked to the rising human rights abuses within these African States. Chinese policy states that, unlike traditional Western aid, their aid will be unconditional. A few pieces of scholastic work focus on this relationship qualitatively, but none have done so quantitatively. Here I strictly define the term human rights abuses. There has been previous scholarly debate on this subject. I also find a plethora of …