International Relations Commons^™

Totally Fluent In What It Meant To Be A Professor: Remembering Bob Young, Erika Simpson

Political Science Publications

The article by Erika Simpson commemorates the life and career of Robert Young, a prominent political science professor at Western University. Young, who passed away on August 15 due to lymphoma, was celebrated for his dedication to scholarship, public policy, and federalism. A Rhodes Scholar, he was known for his extensive work on multilevel governance, secession, and federal-municipal relations. He received numerous accolades, including the Canada Research Chair and the Hellmuth Prize. Young was admired for his mentorship, succinct writing, and contributions to social science research. His memorial highlighted his profound impact on colleagues, students, and the academic community.

How Canada Can Support Un Peacekeeping, Erika Simpson

Political Science Publications

In August 2016, the Canadian government pledged up to 600 soldiers, 150 police officers, and $450 million over three years for UN peace operations. To enhance its peacekeeping role, Canada should focus on training and security sector reform in Afghanistan, jump-start a UN Emergency Peace Service (UNEPS), and re-establish the Pearson Peacekeeping Centre. Re-engaging in Afghanistan would demonstrate Canada's commitment to peacekeeping and NATO, despite the risks and past challenges. UNEPS, proposed to address rapid response gaps, and a revitalized Pearson Peacekeeping Centre would bolster Canada's peacekeeping capabilities and international standing. This approach aligns with Canada's historical peacekeeping legacy and …

Time To Dismantle Nuclear Weapons, Erika Simpson

Political Science Publications

In the article "Time to dismantle nuclear weapons," Erika Simpson discusses the heightened tensions between North Korea and the United States, especially under President Donald Trump's administration. She emphasizes the catastrophic global consequences of even a limited nuclear war and critiques the reliance on nuclear deterrence. Simpson calls for a renewed focus on diplomatic efforts, including strengthening the nuclear non-proliferation regime, reviving the UN Conference on Disarmament, and advancing treaties like the UN Treaty on the Prohibition of Nuclear Weapons. She urges non-nuclear countries, including Canada, to push for the stigmatization of nuclear deterrence and for comprehensive strategies involving economic …

Where Was Canada? Our Country Was Missing When More Than 100 Nations Drew Up And Voted For A Treaty To Ban Nuclear Weapons, Erika Simpson

Political Science Publications

In July 2017, the United Nations adopted a historic treaty to ban nuclear weapons, with 122 countries voting in favor. However, none of the nuclear-armed states, including the U.S. and Russia, participated. The Treaty on the Prohibition of Nuclear Weapons emerged from a series of international conferences aimed at highlighting the catastrophic humanitarian consequences of nuclear weapon use. Canada, aligning with the U.S., chose not to participate, drawing criticism from non-nuclear states. This stance contrasts with Canada’s past actions during the Cold War when it unilaterally disarmed its nuclear arsenal. The long-standing Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty (NPT) has seen limited success …

A Mission To Mali Is Already A Lost Opportunity, So Let’S Focus On Afghanistan’S ‘Forgotten War, Erika Simpson

Political Science Publications

Erika Simpson and Sakhi Naimpoor argue that Canada's defense efforts should shift focus from a UN peacekeeping mission in Mali to revitalizing its role in Afghanistan. They criticize the Canadian government for delaying its commitment to Mali and suggest that Canada should instead concentrate on training Afghan soldiers and police to ensure stability in a war-torn country. They highlight the deteriorating security situation in Afghanistan, with the Taliban and ISIS gaining ground since Canada's combat mission ended. The authors contend that re-engaging in Afghanistan would honor the sacrifices made by Canadian forces and help rebuild critical institutions in the region.

The Question Queue: The Federal Government Wants To Know So Much More About A Proposed Nuclear Waste Site Near Lake Huron, It Seems It Will Never Get The Ok, Erika Simpson

Political Science Publications

Ontario Power Generation’s proposal for a deep geologic repository (DGR) to store nuclear waste near Lake Huron faces significant scrutiny from the Canadian Environmental Assessment Agency. The agency has demanded detailed responses from OPG regarding alternative sites, potential environmental impacts, and construction effects. Questions include concerns about emissions, seismic regulations, and the impact on indigenous communities and local ecosystems. The agency also requires more comprehensive risk assessments for various scenarios, including accidents and environmental degradation. The approval process is complicated by these extensive requirements, potentially delaying the project beyond upcoming federal and provincial elections.

Ontario Power Generation's Latest Report On Its Proposed Nuclear Waste Chamber Near Lake Huron Focuses On Science And Geology, Which Leaves A Lot Of Issues Unaddressed, Erika Simpson

Political Science Publications

Ontario Power Generation’s proposal for an underground nuclear waste repository near Lake Huron has faced criticism for focusing primarily on geological and technical aspects while neglecting key issues. The recent report does not address potential risks related to transporting nuclear waste, including security and environmental impacts, nor does it adequately consider Indigenous land rights or emergency preparedness. It also overlooks long-term challenges, such as the durability of containment and the impact of potential natural disasters. With substantial public opposition and international concerns, there is a call for a more comprehensive and transparent evaluation process involving independent analysis and broader stakeholder …

How To Melt A Cold War: With Nuclear War Raising Its Ugly Head Again, Canada Must Act For Disarmament, Erika Simpson

Political Science Publications

Amid rising nuclear tensions and renewed arms spending, Canada faces criticism for its stance against a UN resolution calling for a global ban on nuclear weapons. The resolution, known as L41, aims to establish a legally binding process to prohibit the manufacture, possession, and use of nuclear arms. Canada’s vote against the resolution, alongside other NATO allies, has been criticized for contradicting its obligations under the Non-Proliferation Treaty (NPT) to pursue disarmament. Despite this, there are calls for Canada to participate in upcoming UN negotiations and reassess its position on nuclear deterrence, especially in light of the potential catastrophic impacts …

Whose Finger On The Nuclear Trigger: The U.S. Election Focuses The Mind On Who Will Be Commander-In-Chief - And Why We Continue To Have Nuclear Weapons Anyway, Erika Simpson

Political Science Publications

The U.S. presidential election underscores the critical issue of nuclear weapons and the challenges of nuclear deterrence. As the next commander-in-chief may have to make split-second decisions on nuclear strikes, the stakes are high given the rapid response times required during crises. The article critiques both Hillary Clinton and Donald Trump’s positions on nuclear strategy, emphasizing the risks associated with their potential decision-making. Despite the pressing need for nuclear disarmament, U.S. candidates show limited commitment to eliminating nuclear arsenals. The global movement for disarmament, including efforts by mayors, religious leaders, and organizations, calls for urgent action. Canada, despite its NATO …

Whose Finger On The Nuclear Trigger, Erika Simpson, Murray Thomson

Political Science Publications

No abstract provided.

Towards A World Free Of Nuclear Weapons, Erika Simpson

Political Science Publications

No abstract provided.

Keeping The Peace: Canada Should Jump-Start A Un Emergency Peace Service And Canadian Peacekeeping Training Centre, Erika Simpson

Political Science Publications

Canada should spearhead the establishment of a UN Emergency Peace Service (UNEPS) and re-open a Canadian peacekeeping training centre in Kingston. The Global Peace Index reveals that global violence costs 13.4% of GDP, with only 10 conflict-free countries and increasing arms sales. While Canada ranks as the world's second-largest arms exporter, civil society organizations advocating for peace are struggling due to cutbacks. Prime Minister Justin Trudeau's commitment to peace is overshadowed by Canada's participation in arms trades and NATO military contributions. A UNEPS could offer rapid, reliable responses to conflict and humanitarian crises. Re-establishing the Lester B. Pearson Multinational Peacekeeping …

Brexit Vote Could Allow For Nuclear Weapons Rethink, Erika Simpson

Political Science Publications

The Brexit vote has significant implications for nuclear weapons policy, particularly regarding Scotland and the UK's Trident system. Should Britons vote for Brexit, Scotland, led by the Scottish National Party (SNP), might pursue independence and seek the removal of Trident nuclear submarines currently based at Faslane. This would force the UK to find an alternative location for its sea-based nuclear warheads, potentially costing billions. The decision could also impact broader nuclear disarmament efforts, as an independent Scotland and a changing UK stance might align with NATO states that prohibit nuclear weapons on their soil. Such shifts could contribute to international …

Carrying On With Wayward Sons: With Their Brains Not Maturing Until Their Mid-20s, It’S Time To Use A Different Approach To Life And Learning With Our Young Men, Erika Simpson

Political Science Publications

Henrik Lagerlund and Erika Simpson argue that due to the later development of the male brain, which isn't fully matured until around age 25, a different approach to education and life planning for young men might be beneficial. They suggest delaying university entry until after high school and encouraging young men to explore the humanities and social sciences. This delay could allow them to mature and develop more responsibility before diving into higher education. The authors believe that such an approach could better prepare young men for future roles by focusing on a well-rounded education that includes classical studies, philosophy, …

Federal Minister Delays Decision On Nuclear Waste Depository, Erika Simpson

Political Science Publications

The federal minister of the environment, Catherine McKenna, has dealt a setback to the proposal put forward by government-owned Ontario Power Generation (OPG), for the underground storage of nuclear waste. The proposed Deep Geologic Repository (DGR) would be located in Kincardine, Ontario, approximately 1.2 kilometres away from the shore of Lake Huron, and constructed underneath the world's largest operating nuclear power plant.

What Comes From The Crypt, Erika Simpson

Political Science Publications

"What Comes from the Crypt?" by Erika Simpson examines the contentious plan by Ontario Power Generation (OPG) to store over 200,000 cubic meters of low- and intermediate-level radioactive waste in underground caverns near Lake Huron. Despite a federal panel's endorsement, the proposal faces strong opposition from local municipalities, environmental advocates, and First Nations. Opponents raise concerns about the site's long-term safety, potential environmental hazards, and the integrity of the regulatory bodies involved. The plan has also sparked international apprehension, especially among American officials and municipalities worried about the Great Lakes' freshwater supply. Critics argue that nuclear waste management decisions require …

North Korea ’ S Attack On Sony Pictures Gets The Headlines, But Many Countries Are Engaged In This New War Front, Erika Simpson

Political Science Publications

Cyberwarfare has become a critical concern in global security, exemplified by North Korea's attack on Sony Pictures, which highlighted the capabilities and threats posed by cyberweapons. This article explores the broader context of cyberwarfare, drawing attention to significant incidents such as the STUXNET virus, which destroyed a fifth of Iran's nuclear centrifuges in 2010. The discussion extends to various nations' development and deployment of cyberweapons, including the U.S., China, Russia, and Iran, highlighting the evolution and sophistication of these tools. Cyberweapons can paralyze infrastructure, remain dormant in systems until activated, and their origins often remain concealed. The article also discusses …

Tigers, Coyotes And Cats: Precariousness And Masculinity Among Mexican Migrant Workers In Canada, Tanya Basok, Eloy Rivas

Western Migration Conference Series

Bio:

Tanya Basok is a Professor of Sociology in the Department of Sociology, Anthropology, and Criminology, and the Director of the Centre for Studies in Social Justice, University of Windsor. She specializes in migration studies from a social justice perspective. Over a span of 25 years, she has studied Salvadorean refugees in Costa Rica, Soviet Jewish immigrants in Canada, the Canadian refugee policy, Mexican seasonal workers in Canada, and migrant rights activism in Canada, USA, Latin America and the Caribbean. The author of Tortillas and Tomatoes (McGill-Queen’s Press), she has also published in such journals as International Migration, …

Trends And Inconsistencies In Immigration And Refugee Board Case Decisions, Julianna Beaudoin

Western Migration Conference Series

The last fifteen years have included dramatic policy changes to the Canadian Immigration and Refugee Board (IRB). These changes are reflected through IRB year-end statistics/graphs and an anthropologically focused discussion that illustrates the need for reform to correct current inconsistencies in the IRB decision-making process.

Locating Xenophobia: Debate, Discourse, And Everyday Experience In Cape Town, South Africa, Belinda Dodson

Geography & Environment Publications

In May 2008, South Africa experienced an outbreak of violence

against foreign Africans living in the country. Political

leaders expressed shock and surprise, but there has in reality

been long-standing and well-documented hostility toward

African immigrants in South Africa. Several competing explanations

have been put forward, with debate gaining urgency

and polarization since the xenophobic attacks of 2008. After

a selective review of the relevant literature to sketch the

contours of that debate, this paper presents findings from

research conducted with African immigrants living in Cape

Town. Their experiences provide further evidence that antiimmigrant

attitudes and behaviors on the part …

The Roulette Wheel Is Spinning On A U.S.-Iran War, Erika Simpson

Political Science Publications

This article examines the escalating tensions between the United States and Iran, focusing on the potential for military conflict. The author, Erika Simpson, explores the geopolitical dynamics and the statements from key political figures that suggest an increasing likelihood of war. President George W. Bush's remarks about preventing Iran from obtaining nuclear weapons, coupled with similar sentiments from other U.S. political leaders, highlight the aggressive stance of the U.S. administration. The article also considers the international response, particularly from Russia, which opposes any military action against Iran. With both nations holding substantial nuclear arsenals on high alert, the risks of …

Why Bash Americans?, Erika Simpson

Political Science Publications

This article by Erika Simpson discusses the complexities and challenges in Canada-U.S. relations, particularly under the leadership of Prime Minister Stephen Harper. Contrary to the hopes of many Conservative voters for improved relations, Harper's early actions, such as criticizing U.S. Ambassador David Wilkins over comments on the Northwest Passage, indicate a contentious stance. The article explores the historical context of Canada's cautious approach to U.S. dominance, emphasizing Canadian values of multilateralism and diplomacy. It highlights how Canadian leaders from various political parties have often criticized U.S. policies to maintain a balance and assert Canadian sovereignty. The article also contrasts Canadian …

Game Theory And International Security, Erika Simpson

Political Science Publications

No abstract provided.