Comparative Politics Commons^™

Equal For Whom?: An Analysis Of Multicultural Policies In Norway And The Us Through The Lens Of Immigrant Unemployment, Jodie Boisvert

Journal of Multicultural Affairs

Norway and the United States boast diverse and equal societies. Both have attempted to implement multicultural policies to facilitate immigrants' integration into the host society. Engaging with the theories of racism, xenophobia, and multiculturalism, this paper analyzes the immigrant unemployment outcomes from Norway and the United States from 2015-2020 to identify patterns and anticipate causal relationships from these patterns. Standardized data from both countries show that immigrants from Global South countries have far worse employment outcomes than immigrants from Global North countries. The xenophobic and racist histories of both countries could explain this. This paper analyzes the multicultural policies of …

Ad Hominem Arguments In Zimbabwean Political Discourse: An Analysis Of Political Argumentation, Jack Mutsvairo, Mawande Dlali

Journal of Humanities and Social Sciences

The article investigates the motivation behind the prevalent use of the subtypes of ad hominem (personal attacks) arguments in Zimbabwe political discourse in the build-up to the 2023 harmonised council, parliamentary and presidential elections. This qualitative case study research looks at the use of ad hominem arguments by Zimbabwean politicians. Using analytical tools and concepts from informal logic and pragma-dialectical argumentation theories, this article focuses on identifying, analysing, and evaluating ad hominem arguments used in Zimbabwean political discourse, particularly in parliamentary debates and broadcast interviews. Data were purposively sampled and gathered from Hansard records, and a television interview transcript. It …

The Role Of Sufi Shrines In Local Politics: A Case Study Of Mitthan Kot Rajanpur, Pakistan, Sarfraz Ahmad

CBER Conference

This study investigates the role of Sufi shrines in the local community and in local politics. This study follows a qualitative research strategy and employs in-depth interviews to collect data from different stakeholders such as visitors of the Shrine, local politicians and Sajjada Nasheen. Thematic analysis has been used to analyze data. The findings of this study showed that the Koreja family in Mitthan Kot uses the shrine for their benefit as they are only the caretakers of the Shrine. They are not functioning for the shrine's development or for spreading the teachings of Khwaja Ghulam Farid. The results found …

Rhetoric Vs. Reality: A Study Of Public Rhetoric And Private Behavior Across Party Lines, Elizabeth Callecod

Bakerman Student Research Awards

In the United States, Republicans and Democrats are viewed as being intrinsically distinct in their moral convictions. More specifically, Republicans are generally viewed as the party which more frequently upholds and uses religious and moral rhetoric, particularly regarding sexual activity, while Democrats are generally thought to rely on more pragmatic and inclusive rhetoric. Previous explanations explore why these partisan stereotypes exist but fail to compare how these different rhetorical styles compare to the actual behavior exhibited by both parties’ members. By using measurements of how often individuals from both parties participate in sexual morally contentious activities, such as viewing pornography, …

Determinants And Consequences Of Electrification In India: A Cross Sectional Analysis Of Socioeconomic Inequities, Devin Oommen

Honors Capstones

This study examines the effects of village-level electrification on socioeconomic welfare in rural India, with a focus on inequities in access and outcomes. Electri- fication is widely regarded as a catalyst for development, improving productivity, educational attainment, and income. However, the distribution of these bene- fits remains uneven. Using cross-sectional data from the Socioeconomic High Resolution Urban Geographic (SHRUG) dataset, this paper investigates the re- lationship between eelctricity access and estimated monthly consumption per capita, a proxy for welfare.

The analysis employs multiple linear regression to control for factors such as in- come, poverty rates, gender composition, and land ownership. …

Placing The Four Rounds Of Israeli-Palestinian Negotiations In The Twenty-First Century In A Historical And Philosophical Context, Michael J. Reimer Dr

Department of Political Science and Law Faculty Scholarship and Creative Works

This paper will take a three-pronged approach to the analysis of prior treaty negotiations and their comparison to the Israeli Palestinian conflict. The first prong, which will be addressed in the next section, will be a historical analysis of other treaty negotiations which resulted in end of conflict treaties. These examinations will include The Congress of Vienna, 1814-1815; the Portsmouth Treaty, 1905 which involved a Treaty between a European and a non-European state2 negotiated by the President of the United States and American Diplomats; the Paris Peace Conferences of 19193 ; and Multiparty Mediation in Cyprus, 1963-1965. In each of …

Gaining New “Terror”-Tory: The Strategic Expansion Of Al-Qaeda Into Africa, Ashley Jenkins

Opinion Matters: Student Analyses of World News

The op-ed discusses the expansion of Al-Qaeda's influence into Africa. Partnering with local extremist groups, such as JNIM and Al-Shabaab, Al-Qaeda seeks to recruit new members and undermine Africa's current democratic ambitions. The spread of extremist ideology poses a serious threat to U.S. national security and highlights the need for new counterterrorism strategies.

Revolutionary Vs. Evolutionary Democratization, Maia Nicolosi

Opinion Matters: Student Analyses of World News

This op-ed explores the democratization of Portugal and Spain, highlighting how their distinct revolutionary and evolutionary processes ultimately achieved the same result: a free, fair democracy.

Fear-Based Politics Of Vladimir Putin, Ben Capocci

Opinion Matters: Student Analyses of World News

This Op-Ed discusses the reasons for aggressive Russian actions, including the threat of nuclear warfare and the invasion of Ukraine, and how these actions are rooted in deep-seated fear of Western forces.

Casar Student Discussion Series #6: 'The 2024 Us Election Results Are Out!The 2024 Us Elections Results Will Affect The Middle East Region Positively', The Prince Alwaleed Center For American Studies And Research Casar

Performances, Events, and Presentations

Every semester, CASAR AUC holds miscellaneous student debates discussing the hot controversial topics in the US, Egypt and from around the world in hopes of raising awareness about these topics & broadening the perspectives of our students as they learn to engage in fruitful discussions as they share different opinion on the topic being deliberated. At this CASAR Student Discussion event #6 in light of the current 2024 US Elections, we debated this statement: 'The 2024 US Elections results will affect the Middle East Region positively' A brief into was given followed by short videos to watch before opening the …

The Pressing Necessity For Maternal Healthcare Reform In The Us, Chelsea Cousin

Opinion Matters: Student Analyses of World News

This Op-Ed discusses the impact of the historical legacy of slavery and anti-Black discrimination on inequities in modern Black female maternal health and pre and post natal care.

Germany’S Climate Foreign Policy Strategy And Making The High Politics Of Climate Ambition, Thomas M. Goldstein

Claremont-UC Undergraduate Research Conference on the European Union

Germany’s Climate Foreign Policy Strategy, released in December 2023, is the first of its kind anywhere. The document elevates a set of climate objectives to the highest level of Germany’s foreign policy. This paper examines Germany as a case study of how a consistently ambitious climate actor may shift its policy preferences over time. Party policy shifts are traced within government documents, campaign manifestos, and coalition contracts to consider the viability of three potential explanations: the demands of a “green” political constituency, a structural reaction to reduce energy dependencies, and feedback effects from international institutions. Upon investigation, the Strategy displays …

The Price Of Prevention: Spain And Italy's Approach To National Prep, Jon Burkart

Claremont-UC Undergraduate Research Conference on the European Union

While recent advancements in antiretroviral therapy (ART) continue to improve the outlook for people living with HIV (PLHIV), new infections remain a concern for health authorities around the world. A clinically proven intervention holds the potential to dramatically reduce new infections: Pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) is a once-daily pill for high-risk populations, including men who have sex with men (MSM), that substantially reduces HIV infection risk. However—much like rates of new infection—public provision of PrEP varies considerably among OECD countries. This case study thus seeks to answer the question: What might explain the disparate timeline of adopting public reimbursement for PrEP …

Selected U.S. Government Statistical Agencies And Their Data, Bert Chapman

Libraries Faculty and Staff Presentations

Provides introductory and detailed overview of U.S. Government agencies statistics. Includes examples of how an individual U.S. law authorizes government agencies to compile statistics for particular congressional committees and the general public. Statistics cover topics such as demography, defense, foreign assistance, economic growth, criminal justice, energy, Social Security, and Medicare.

الأمن الوطني الأردني المفهوم والعناصر العامة, Hussein Suleiman Al-Touqah

Journal of the Association of Arab Universities for Research in Higher Education مجلة اتحاد الجامعات العربية للبحوث في التعليم العالي

هدف البحث إلى مناقشة مفاهيم الأمن الوطني الأردني والأمن الوطني الشامل، وأهم الجوانب المرتبطة به، والتعرف الى دلالات تلك المفاهيم، ومناقشة العناصر العامة له والجوانب المتعلقة به، وبيان أهم المحاور الرئيسة والخصائص للأمن الوطني الأردني، وكذلك معرفة المرتكزات والثوابت والأبعاد والإتجاهات العامة الأمن الوطني الأردني. اعتمد الباحث على المنهج الوصفي التحليلي لوصف بعض وجهات النظر والأفكار حول مفاهيم الأمن والأمن الوطني، وكذلك المنهج التاريخي لتتبع مراحل تطور هذه المفاهيم وجوانب الأمن الوطني الأردني. توصل الباحث لنتائج عديدة في بحثه كان أهمها: أن الأردن يعتمد في تحقيق أمنه الوطني الشامل على جميع العوامل التي تسهم في استقراره، وتشمل العوامل السياسية والإقتصادية …

A Comparative Study Of Indonesia And Malaysia's Economic Resilience In The Covid-19 Era: An Analysis Of Economic Stability, Muhammad Nur Abdul Latif Nur Latif Al Waroi

Jurnal Kajian Stratejik Ketahanan Nasional

This study analyzes the economic resilience of Indonesia and Malaysia during the COVID-19 pandemic, focusing on economic stability. The research explores pre-pandemic economic conditions, the impact of COVID-19 on GDP, inflation, unemployment, and government debt, as well as recovery efforts through fiscal and monetary policies. Data from Statistics Indonesia, Department of Statistics Malaysia, World Bank, and IMF were used. Results indicate that Indonesia experienced a faster economic recovery, with GDP growth returning to pre-pandemic levels quicker than Malaysia. The economic impact of the pandemic in Indonesia is lower, supported by the National Economic Recovery Program (PEN) and Bank Indonesia's monetary …

Unpacking Normative Change: The United Nations At Its 60th Anniversary, Giovanna Marques Kuele

Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects

This dissertation explores the UN at its 60th anniversary at a critical juncture, with seven nested observations, to answer why normative change happens at the UN, when it is triggered, and which proposed changes are ultimately adopted. It argues that normative change at the UN is a result of multilevel political consensus at critical junctures. At the macro level, these junctures are triggered by global crises and international summits that provide a moment of normative reflection among the three UNs—member states, secretariat, and non-state actors—thereby increasing the likelihood of achieving multilevel political consensus. At the micro level, the formation of …

Marshaling A Triumph: The Park Chung Hee Era, Developmental State Theory, And The Meaning Of Success In South Korea, Kevin Hockmuth

Emancipations: A Journal of Critical Social Analysis

South Korea has long been looked to as a model of developmental success. Undoubtedly, South Korean society has experienced a remarkable expansion of wealth, social well-being, and technological capacity over the last half-century. The central turning point in this momentous transformation coincided with the authoritarian rule of Park Chung Hee (1961-1979). As such, scholars of political economy and development have paid close attention to the various facets of his regime to glean the primary causes underpinning South Korea’s developmental feats. The most significant of these efforts have emerged from works emphasizing the role of the South Korean developmental state. This …

A Study Of External Factors Influencing Stagnation In Five Post-Soviet Hybrid Regimes, Han Liu

Lingnan Theses (MPhil & PhD)

This study delves into the complexities of stagnation in post-Soviet hybrid regimes, focusing on the external influences that contribute to this phenomenon. Through principal component analysis (PCA) and qualitative comparative analysis (QCA), the research examines the impact of economic sanctions, diplomatic measures, international financial, and technological assistance on the political trajectories of five post-Soviet states: Russia, Belarus, Ukraine, Moldova, and Georgia. It finds that economic sanctions and international assistance are particularly significant external factors affecting regime stagnation, with an explanatory power of 86.8% consistency and 69.2% coverage.

The research reveals that while economic sanctions and international assistance play pivotal roles …

Strategic Governance To “Silence The Guns” In Africa: Urban Sub-Saharan African Perceptions On War's Root Causes., Peter Tresor Miyalou, Chun Yan Hu

Journal of African Conflicts and Peace Studies

Despite the African Union’s campaign to silence the guns in Africa by 2020 (STGIA 2020), many African countries are suffering from wars and political instability, the primary causes of underdevelopment in Africa. This paper examines the roots causes of wars in Africa and provide a strategic governance to silence the guns beyond 2020. To accomplish this, we gathered data from 169 questionnaire responses administered across 25 African countries, to capture African people’s perceptions on the root causes of wars and whether employing strategic governance would help silence the guns in these countries. The results showed that political power struggle (47.9%), …

Self-Defense In The Face Of Genocide: A Comparative Study Of The Rwandan Patriotic Front And The March 23 Movement, Frank Okyere Osei, Samuel Budoi

The Microdynamics of Mass Atrocity Working Paper Series

This paper examines the narratives underpinning two cases of self-defense in response to the threat or occurrence of genocide. It delves into the nuances of two movements: the Rwandan Patriotic Front in Rwanda (RPF) and the March 23 Movement (M23) in the Democratic Republic of Congo. Both movements emerged in response to perceived genocidal threats and adopted self-defense narratives to justify their actions. The paper traces the historical contexts, key actors, and agendas that shaped these movements, highlighting the RPF's evolution from a military group into a dominant political force in Rwanda, and the M23's role in protecting Tutsi communities …

In Defense Of Identity: A Comparative Analysis Of Indigenous Self-Defense Movements In North America, Chloe Cairncross, Dana Dougherty

The Microdynamics of Mass Atrocity Working Paper Series

This paper conducts a comparative analysis of two significant historical events of Indigenous resistance in North America: the Northwest Rebellion of 1885 in Canada and the Wounded Knee Occupation of 1973 in the United States. The Métis during the Northwest Rebellion and the Lakota Oglala along with American Indian Movement activists during the Wounded Knee Occupation both sought to assert their rights against encroaching government policies and settler expansion. By examining the actors, agendas, actions, and outcomes of these movements, the paper explores the nuanced nature of self-defense within a settler-colonial context. Comparative analysis highlights the persistent efforts of Indigenous …

The Security Dilemma And Arms Race Dynamics In Europe’S Response To The Russia-Ukraine Conflict, Brice Tseen Fu Lee, Filip Komšić, Juan Pablo Sims

Journal of Strategic and Global Studies

This paper examines the escalation of military expenditures in Europe in response to the ongoing Russia-Ukraine conflict, through the lens of the security dilemma. The security dilemma, a fundamental concept in international relations, describes how the defensive actions of one state can provoke perceptions of threat among others, potentially leading to an arms race. By analyzing military spending data from 2019 to 2023 for key European countries including Estonia, Latvia, Poland, Azerbaijan, Russia, Finland, France, Germany, Italy, and the United Kingdom, both in absolute terms and as a percentage of GDP, this study highlights how nations closest to the conflict, …

How Ballot Measure Wording Affects Preference-Consistent Voting: Experimental Evidence From The United States, William M. Pierce

Political Science Honors Projects

Why do some people vote for ballot measures that are inconsistent with their policy preference while others do not? It is important to explore this question in order to understand how well direct democracy translates the will of the people into policy outcomes. Drawing on electoral theories and cognitive science, I hypothesize that people are more likely to vote against their policy preferences when the language of a ballot measure is more complex. I test this hypothesis, along with causal mechanisms and heterogeneous treatment effects, using a survey experiment on a quasi-representative sample of voters in the United States.

Two Houses Divided? The Parallel Histories Of The Casa De Contratación And The Casa Da Índia, 1500-1580, Gustavo L. Romero

Swarthmore Undergraduate History Journal

This paper seeks to investigate the histories of the Spanish Casa de Contratación and the Portuguese Casa da Índia in relation to one another, identifying possible ways in which each drew inspiration, or imitated the other during the period from 1500 to 1580. Though there is existing research into the individual Casas, comparative approaches have generally been avoided. This work synthesizes the literature and tracks interactions or trends between the Iberian empires from both an institutional and interpersonal perspective. Through analysis of bureaucratic charters, letters, and other documents, it outlines the time periods, possible reasons, and results of this …

Kaleidoscopic Federalism, Roger Karapin

Publications and Research

This chapter focuses on state-level climate policies in the United States in the context of its federalist system. The empirical focus is on policies that have been adopted by many states and that have been most effective in reducing greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, which include target setting, emissions trading, and sectoral policies on renewable energy, motor vehicles, appliances, and power plants (Karapin 2016; Karapin/Vogel 2024: ch. 1). It addresses five questions: First, what are the most important policies that state governments have adopted over the last few decades? Second, how have those efforts tied in with federal policies in the …

Peace-Building And Stability After Civil Wars: The Cases Of Angola And The Democratic Republic Of The Congo, Ali Elsharkawy

Theses and Dissertations

Why do some rebel groups successfully establish stable and sustainable states after civil wars, while others fail? Angola and the Democratic Republic of the Congo are two African countries that experienced long and bloody civil wars. Despite the commonalities, the two cases strongly diverged in the political outcomes after civil war. Angola successfully made the transition to stability and prosperity, while the DRC slipped back into violence. This thesis compares and contrasts between the two peace- building processes in both countries. The results illustrate that two main variables made the difference between the two cases, the geography of the capital …

الأحزاب السياسية ودورها في إعادة بناء الدولة العراقية بعد عام 2005 دراسة تحليلية, Nawwar Asem, Mohamad H. Almasalha

Journal of the Association of Arab Universities for Research in Higher Education مجلة اتحاد الجامعات العربية للبحوث في التعليم العالي

هدف المقال بيان واقع العمل الحزبي في العراق بعد عام 2005م، وتحليل طروحات الأحزاب السياسية العراقية لإعادة بناء الدولة، واعتمدت الدراسة في تحقيق أهدافها على منهج تحليل النظم والمنهج المؤسسي، وخلصت الدراسة إلى تأثير المنظور الطائفي قد أنعكس على عمل الأحزاب السياسية في العراق، والتي بدورها قامت بتعميق الشعور والانتماء الطائفي، وبينت الدراسة ضعف قيام الأحزاب السياسية في العراق بدروها السياسي والوطني في تعزيز الاستقرار السياسي في العراق بعد عام 2005م، حيث كان تركيزها على مصالحها الحزبية والقوى أو الجماعات السياسية التي تدعمها، لذا لم يكن لها دور سياسي في إعادة بناء العراقية الحديثة، وتوصي الدراسة بإجراء تعديلات دستورية، وتطوير …

Tactical Compromises: Authoritarian Survival Mechanisms Of Sudan’S Inqaz Regime (1989-2019), Dalia Abdelnabi

Theses and Dissertations

How did the Inqaz regime survive a civil war, economic crises, mass upheavals, and political stagnation for thirty years? This question guides the study’s analysis of the survival of one of the MENA’s most resilient authoritarian regimes. Authoritarian durability is an adaptive risk-taking process of implementing politically costly plans to survive in power. This research investigates authoritarian survival through power-sharing reforms and coup-proofing tactics. The study highlights the role of the autocratic ruling coalition in maintaining regime durability and argues that intra-elite dynamics are key to understanding an autocrat’s exit without a clear successor. To this end, I investigate the …

Social Contact As A Conditional Factor On The Effects Of Disclosing An Invisible Identity: The Case Of Zainichi Koreans, Kai Timothy Zhou

Quantitative Social Science Undergraduate Senior Theses

This study provides empirical evidence for the existence of hiring discrimination against Zainichi Koreans, an ethnic minority group in Japan with an “invisible” identity. Using a conjoint survey experiment conducted in the Kansai region of Japan, Japanese citizens were found to strongly prefer ethnically Japanese job applicants over Zainichi Korean applicants. However, this discriminatory preference was less pronounced when Zainichi applicants used Japanese pseudonyms rather than ethnic Korean names, suggesting concealing an invisible identity can mitigate discrimination. The results also demonstrate a conditional effect of intergroup social contact on discriminatory attitudes. Respondents with high self-reported contact with Zainichi Koreans were …