Political Science Commons^™

Pandemics And Power: An Applied Analysis Of American Inequality, Megan A. Engle

Pursuit - The Journal of Undergraduate Research at The University of Tennessee

Pandemics represent both social change and continuance. While these public health crises bring about seemingly new issues, they also have a unique ability to reveal pre-existing problems within our society and perpetual social processes. Understanding historical patterns related to public health crises provides greater insight on the ongoing pandemic and American policy needs. Research reveals that, both historically and presently, systemic social injustices and economic inequalities are inflamed by such events. As a result, pandemics disproportionately affect minority groups in several interconnected ways. In examining public health theory, past pandemics, and the present moment, the effects of both power disparities …

Criminal Policy To Combat The Spread Of Electronic Rumours (Under Decree-Law No. 34 Of 2021 On Combating Rumours And Cyber Crimes), Ashraf Kandil

Journal of Police and Legal Sciences

The UAE's role in combating electronic rumors and reducing its dissemination has been demonstrated by the legislative development of IT crime laws in the UAE. The most recent is the issuance of the Federal Decree-Law No. (34) of 2021 concerning the fight against rumors and cybercrime. Otherwise, the problem of the current study revolves around the flexibility of drafting the procedural texts in order to deal with the constant development of the forms and circumstances of spreading rumors, as well as to indicate their effectiveness in reducing their effects. Therefore, the current study aims to identify the criminal policy to …

Involving More People In Election Observation With Stephanie Frank Singer, Stephanie Singer

PDXPLORES Podcast

In this episode of PDXPLORES, Senior Fellow of PSU's Center for Public Service, Stephanie Frank Singer, discusses a community-based civics education program that addresses the need for citizens from diverse identity groups to participate in election monitoring, an activity that holds the electoral process accountable, ensures the integrity of the electoral system and builds public trust in democratic institutions. PSU's Community Engaged Research Academy supports the project co-led by PSU professor and political scientist Lindsay J. Benstead. Project partners include the League of Women Voters of Oregon and the Oregon Secretary of State Elections Division.

Click on the "Download" button …

China's Strategic Ambiguity On The Issue Of Autonomous Weapons Systems, Putu Shangrina Pramudia

Global: Jurnal Politik Internasional

This paper discusses the factors behind China's ambiguous stance on the issue of autonomous weapons and its relationship with China's rise. In 2016 at the United Nations on Certain Conventional Weapons (UN-CCW), China was the only Permanent Five (P5) country to call for the prohibition and importance of a binding protocol on autonomous weapons. Through its position paper, China stated that the characteristics of autonomous weapons are not in accordance with the principles of International Humanitarian Law (IHL), fears of an arms race, to the threat of war. However, in 2017 China issued the New Generation of AI Development Plan …

Myth, Fiction And Politics In The Age Of Antiheroes: A Case Study Of Donald Trump, Igor Prusa, Matthew Brummer

Heroism Science

In this article, we demonstrate that the antihero archetype informs our understanding of Trump in important ways, including his rise to and fall from power. We introduce an analytical framework for analyzing Trump’s antiheroic traits based on his social positioning, individual motivation, and personal charisma. We argue that Trump is fascinating because he is powerful, amoral, and charismatic, and suggest that the American public was primed for Trumpism through a zeitgeist hospitable to antihero worship. That is, Trump’s dogged popularity with nearly half of the American public was foretold by decades of pop-cultural obsession with, and adulation for, the antihero.

The Effect Of Csr On Attitudes Towards Outward And Inward Fdi: A Cross-National Comparison Of Citizen Perceptions In The United States And Kenya, Lindsey Walker

Undergraduate Honors Theses

This study runs a survey experiment in the United States, the home country, and Kenya, the host country, to understand how CSR (corporate social responsibility) affects views towards MNCs (multinational corporations) and FDI (foreign direct investment) from a business and political standpoint. When analyzing the combined CSR treatment that pays no attention to CSR type, I find little effect on perceptions of FDI and MNCs in both the Kenyan and American sample, besides for how the Americans saw positive spill-over effects of CSR to mean the MNC was a good company in a variety of ways. When the CSR treatment …

Assessing New Wars Theory In The Post-Arab Spring Era: The Libyan And Yemeni Wars (2011-2020), Shady El-Sherif

Theses and Dissertations

Mary Kaldor’s “New Wars” theory which was first published in 1991 argues that warfare has changed after the Cold War with the growing globalization and the rise of violent non-state actors. According to the theory, globalization augmented certain problems that are considered the main causes of these “new wars” such as; state fragility/failure, identity politics, and war economy methods which all account at present for the continuation of conflicts, especially in the MENA region with more civilian casualties. To assess this theory, I am using a comparative case study methodology with a historical process-tracing approach for the Yemeni and Libyan …

Wildfire Risk In Mountain West States, 2017-2021, Olivia K. Cheche, Corryn Richardson, Zachary Billot, Miguel Soriano Ralston, Vanessa Booth, Caitlin J. Saladino, William E. Brown Jr.

Environment

This fact sheet examines data on wildfire destruction in the Mountain West states of Arizona, Colorado, Nevada, New Mexico, and Utah. The original report from the Insurance Information Institute presents findings on percent of properties at risk of wildfire destruction, the number of wildfires by state, and numbers of acres burned per state.

Hybrid U-Net: Semantic Segmentation Of High-Resolution Satellite Images To Detect War Destruction, Shima Nabiee, Matthew Harding, Jonathan Hersh, Nader Bagherzadeh

Economics Faculty Articles and Research

Destruction caused by violent conflicts play a big role in understanding the dynamics and consequences of conflicts, which is now the focus of a large body of ongoing literature in economics and political science. However, existing data on conflict largely come from news or eyewitness reports, which makes it incomplete, potentially unreliable, and biased for ongoing conflicts. Using satellite images and deep learning techniques, we can automatically extract objective information on violent events. To automate this process, we created a dataset of high-resolution satellite images of Syria and manually annotated the destroyed areas pixel-wise. Then, we used this dataset to …

Comparing Stress And Behavioral Coping Strategies During The Early Stages Of The Covid-19 Crisis Among Domestic And Overseas Taiwanese, Cheng-Che Chen, Harry Yi-Jui Wu, Ming-Jui Yeh, Austin Horng-En Wang

Political Science Faculty Research

This study reported domestic and overseas Taiwanese people’s perceived stress levels and examined the mediation effect of their coping strategies during the early stages of the COVID-19 pandemic. We recruited 2727 Taiwanese respondents from the COVIDiSTRESS Global Survey (N = 173,426) between March 30 and May 30, 2020. The self-report questionnaire included a modified 10-item Perceived Stress Scale and a 16-item coping strategy scale. Three stress-coping factors were extracted with principal component analysis and confirmatory factor analysis. Their effects were examined through a regression and mediation analysis. The overseas Taiwanese participants had a significantly higher stress level than domestic counterparts …

Book Review: Postgenocide: Interdisciplinary Reflections On The Effects Of Genocide, Aldo Zammit Borda

Genocide Studies and Prevention: An International Journal

No abstract provided.

Entertainment Media, Propaganda, And Popular Support : Evidence From China, Shouzhi Xia

Lingnan Theses (MPhil & PhD)

Is it possible to form “soft authoritarianism” that manages citizens by taking away their sense of resistance? Taking China as a case, this dissertation suggests that the rise of entertainment media in authoritarian states enables the rulers to maintain their resilience through a soft approach, thereby avoiding costly heavy-handed measures. Such a soft approach can work because entertainment media, like “fictitious pleasure drugs,” undoes audiences’ sophistication so that people are susceptible to official propaganda.

We provide two pieces of evidence that the Chinese authorities may use entertainment media as a subtle means to manage society. First, analyzing the Weibo posting …

Nato’S New World Order Relies On Multilateralism To Strengthen Its Nuclear Defense Posture, Erika Simpson

Political Science Publications

The recent NATO Summit in Madrid focused on countering Russia's threats involving weapons of mass destruction (WMDs) like nuclear, chemical, and biological weapons, as well as cyber attacks. NATO reaffirmed its role as a nuclear alliance and emphasized a strategy combining nuclear, conventional, and missile defense capabilities, along with space and cyber defenses.

NATO aims to prevent nuclear use and enhance readiness against chemical and biological threats while supporting efforts for global nuclear disarmament under the Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty. International efforts through NATO, the EU, and the UN are addressing nuclear proliferation and strengthening arms control agreements.

With over 12,700 …

Hostile, Benevolent, Implicit: How Different Shades Of Sexism Impact Gendered Policy Attitudes, Claire Gothreau, Kevin Arceneaux, Amanda Friesen

Political Science Publications

Advances in gender equality and progressive policies are often stymied by cultural sexist systems and individual-level sexist attitudes. These attitudes are pervasive but vary in type—from benevolent to hostile and implicit to explicit. Understanding the types of sexism and their foundations are important for identifying connections to specific social and political attitudes and behaviors. The current study examines the impact of various manifestations of sexism on attitudes regarding policies and public opinion issues that involve gender equality or have gendered implications. More specifically, we look at attitudes on reproductive rights, support for the #MeToo Movement, equal pay, and paid leave …

Gendered Political Violence As A Legal Framework: An Analysis Of The Brazilian Reality, Adriana Jacob Carneiro, Farida Jalalzai, Pedro A. G. Dos Santos

Political Science Faculty Publications

In August of 2021, the Brazilian government sanctioned in the Electoral Code and the Penal Code the typification of violence against women in politics (VAWIP) as a punishable crime. This research provides a critical analysis of the implementation of the 2021 Law n. 14.192 that typifies VAWIP as a crime. To do so we discuss how the law addresses, in theory, the types of VAWIP identified in the extant literature (physical, psychological, sexual, economic, and semiotic). We then discuss Brazil’s VAWIP law contextualizing it within the Brazilian political landscape, regional (as well as global) perspectives on the issue, and comparing …

Review Of Cachita’S Streets: The Virgin Of Charity, Race, And Revolution In Cuba By Jalane D. Schmidt, Gary Prevost

Political Science Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

Later (Later.Com) – Tool To Help With Social Media Posting, Griffin Davis

Journal of Nonprofit Innovation

As advertised: Later is the all-in-one social marketing platform for the top social networks. Plan, analyze, and publish your content in a few clicks — so you can save time and grow your business.

100+ Resources For Nonprofits

Journal of Nonprofit Innovation

Here’s a list of over 100 nonprofit resources to help organizations in their marketing, fundraising, social media and more. The list is in alphabetical order by the name of organization. Each item has the name of the organization, the online link to help them learn more about the resource, and whether the resource is FREE to nonprofits, or whether a FREE option is available.

Majority of nonprofits are small, creating an increased need to find supportive resources and tools.

Social Media Giving Statistics

Journal of Nonprofit Innovation

Nonprofits claim: Facebook as the most important social media for their causes, Twitter in a close second place, YouTube in third place.

Nonprofit Spotlight: Sharetix Foundation

Journal of Nonprofit Innovation

Mission

Sharetix creates opportunities where they don’t exist by providing free tickets for charitable organizations working directly with at-risk communities to help create access, equity, and belonging.

The Need For Nonprofit Tools, Angie Holzer Ceo/Founder

Journal of Nonprofit Innovation

The majority of US based nonprofit make under $1 million a year, with the most of these nonprofits being small, making under $50,000 a year. As these nonprofits work to solve community and global issues, they struggle with limited resources and funding. There is a great need to provide these nonprofits tools and resources to help in their efforts.

Promo (Promo.Com) – Video And Ad Creation Tool, Naomi Anna Lao

Journal of Nonprofit Innovation

As advertised: Bring any idea to life in minutes - by yourself. Easily create compelling video ads, social media videos, product videos, explainer videos and more. The perfect solution for giving your brand a voice at scale.

Presidential Electoral Cycles And Corruption Charges, Joe Amick, Mlada Bukovansky, Amy H. Liu

Government: Faculty Publications

Anti-corruption efforts are inherently political. Corruption charges can be levied against political opponents as an instrument of repression; they can also be used against troublesome allies in the same party coalition to further consolidate power. In this paper, we focus on Indonesia and ask: Do major corruption charges follow a presidential electoral cycle—and if so, how? We contend charges against prominent members of the government coalition are more likely to happen before an election, allowing the government to replace intra-party rivals with loyal allies. Conversely, charges against prominent opposition members are more likely to happen after an election when fears …

Emphasizing The Importance Of Long-Term Marketing Strategies For Nonprofits Utilizing Social Media, William Baumert

Journal of Nonprofit Innovation

In order for nonprofit organizations to tackle complex societal issues, support from public or private sectors is generally required. Marketing to these sectors through social media channels is highly beneficial due to the inexpensive and adaptable nature of the platforms, however creating and deploying an effective marketing campaign through these mediums can be challenging. This piece will aim to emphasize important points for nonprofits to consider when creating long-term marketing strategies revolving around social media.

Nonprofit Social Media Use In 2022

Journal of Nonprofit Innovation

Nonprofit Social Media Users: 87% of nonprofits worldwide use social media.

Canva (Canva.Com) – Tool To Design Online Social Media Posts, Naomi Anna Lao

Journal of Nonprofit Innovation

Canva is a free graphic design platform for registered nonprofits, that is beginner-friendly and time-efficient. At first glance, Canva’s immense variety of tools and resources all on one platform is intimidating however they make it easy to create unique, trending, and compelling content for all purposes.

Chinese-Backed Fintech Lending Boom: How Did Indonesia Respond?, Angela Tritto, Yujia He, Victoria Amanda Junaedi

Diplomacy and International Commerce Reports

Peer-to-peer (P2P) online lending has the potential to boost innovation and financial inclusion in emerging markets, yet it can also incur investment and borrower-related risks, such as privacy breaches.

Driven by regulation control in China, Chinese investments flocked to Indonesia, causing a rapid expansion of online lending platforms.

Similar to what happened in China prior to the regulatory crackdown, the P2P lending boom in Indonesia saw a rise in unethical and illegal business practices. The government responded by creating new regulations and institutions to mitigate risks without stifling the potential for financial inclusion.

A proactive approach towards monitoring and regulating …

Call And Response? Neighborhood Inequality And Political Voice, Amber Wichowsky, Paru Shah, Amanda Heideman

Political Science Faculty Research and Publications

Over the past 20 years, many cities across the United States have adopted a range of information and communication technologies (ICTs) to make it easier for residents to get informed, communicate their preferences, and hold public officials accountable. In this paper, we ask two questions. First, are service requests and responses illustrative of existing neighborhood differences across a city? Second, do patterns of request and response differ by the type of complaint made to the city? We leverage data from the city of Milwaukee, Wisconsin, to examine neighborhood variation in service requests and subsequent response times to those complaints. Our …

The State Of American Federalism 2021–2022: Federal Courts, State Legislatures, And The Conservative Turn In The Law, David M. Konisky, Paul Nolette

Political Science Faculty Research and Publications

Contemporary American politics features intense political polarization and closely contested battles over the direction of public policy. Conservatives and liberals alike have used the many venues in the American federal system to try to gain an advantage. In this article, we suggest that a key feature of contemporary American federalism is the institutional advantage that conservatives have achieved due to recent shifts in the ideological conservatism of the federal judiciary and growing Republican dominance in state legislatures. We assess the consequences of these developments, focusing on efforts to weaken federal administrative agencies’ authority and discretion, challenge individual voting rights and …

Calling In “Sick”: Covid-19, Opportunism, Pretext, And Subnational Autocratization, Philip Rocco, Matthew Stenberg, Safia Abukar Farole

Political Science Faculty Research and Publications

As governments sought to manage the coronavirus pandemic, many pursed temporary increases in centralized authority, a general tactic of crisis management. However, in some countries, public health was not the only motive for centralization. The COVID-19 response coincided with broader worldwide trends toward autocratization. Some of these efforts happened while the world was preoccupied with responding to the pandemic without concretely referencing coronavirus; however, in other cases, public-health rationales are clearly and explicitly invoked as a pretext for actions that instead aid the consolidation of regime authority. This has been especially pernicious in subnational politics, where efforts have been made …