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2004

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Articles 211 - 240 of 326

Full-Text Articles in Political Science

Access To Health, Natalie Huls Jan 2004

Access To Health, Natalie Huls

Human Rights & Human Welfare

Access to health is an often-overlooked aspect of the right to health. Without practical access, the right to health becomes an empty promise. International human rights conventions and declarations do not directly mention access to health, but the above comment on the International Covenant on Economic, Social, and Cultural Rights does address the issue.

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Power From Above: The Air Campaign Of Operation Desert Storm, Dennis G. Frith Ii Jan 2004

Power From Above: The Air Campaign Of Operation Desert Storm, Dennis G. Frith Ii

Whittier Scholars Program

This project recounts the importance of air support during Operation Desert Storm and what made it the deciding factor in winning the conflict, despite the preconceived notions surround the efficacy of airpower in a warzone.

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John F. Kennedy And West Virginia, 1960-1963, Anthony W. Ponton Jan 2004

John F. Kennedy And West Virginia, 1960-1963, Anthony W. Ponton

Theses, Dissertations and Capstones

In 1960, John F. Kennedy, a wealthy New England Catholic, traveled to a rural, Protestant state to contend in an election that few thought he could win. While many scholars have examined the impact of Kennedy’s victory in the West Virginia primary, few have analyzed the importance that his visit to the state in 1960 and his ensuing administration had on West Virginia. Kennedy enacted a number of policies directed specifically toward relieving the poverty that had plagued West Virginia since statehood. The Kennedy administration funded highway construction, worker training programs, and area development at levels the state had never …

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Colonization And The Rule Of Law: Comparing The Effectiveness Of Common Law And Civil Law Countries, Sandra F. Joireman Jan 2004

Colonization And The Rule Of Law: Comparing The Effectiveness Of Common Law And Civil Law Countries, Sandra F. Joireman

Political Science Faculty Publications

The rule of law is one of the most important components of any explanation of cross-national differences in economic well-being. But what leads to better rule of law in a country? Using an institutional approach this paper probes the effect of legal systems in influencing the rule of law. There has long been speculation that the countries adopting English common law are better at providing legal dispute resolution than those adopting the continental forms of civil law. That speculative assessment is found to be true only in those countries that have been colonized, further analysis demonstrates that it is the …

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Retributive Justice: The Gacaca Process In Rwanda, Sandra F. Joireman, Allison Corey Jan 2004

Retributive Justice: The Gacaca Process In Rwanda, Sandra F. Joireman, Allison Corey

Political Science Faculty Publications

After decades of cycling violence between Hutu and Tutsi groups in Rwanda and Burundi, violence peaked in 1994 with a genocide of Tutsis in Rwanda, during which the Hutu majority slaughtered 800,000 Tutsi and moderate Hutus, leaving the country with 120,000 accused génocidaires awaiting trial. Rwanda's gacaca courts were established as a response to the backlog of untried genocide cases. These courts disturbingly distinguish between genocide and war crimes committed during the same era, trying only those accused of genocide. This article argues that the gacaca process will contribute to the insecurity of all Rwandan citizens in the future, since …

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A Brief History Of America's Republic Empire, James G. Wilson Jan 2004

A Brief History Of America's Republic Empire, James G. Wilson

Law Faculty Articles and Essays

In his recent book, The Imperial Republic: A Structural History of American Constitutionalism from the Colonial Era to the Beginning of the Twentieth Century (Ashgate 2002), Professor Wilson discloses the quest for empire that has lain hidden in the heart of the American democracy since its founding. This essay for Law Notes places his findings in a contemporary context.

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The Fair City Production Line: An Examination Of Soap Opera’S Potential Contribution To The Public Sphere, Edward Brennan Jan 2004

The Fair City Production Line: An Examination Of Soap Opera’S Potential Contribution To The Public Sphere, Edward Brennan

Articles

Between December 2000 and February 2001 the Irish soap opera Fair City ran an unprecedented, risky and controversial abortion storyline. This came before a looming referendum on the legality of abortion. Here, Fair City was not just offering entertainment, but provoking debate and discussion on a divisive issue in Irish society. In this case, and many others, it appears that soap opera, by promoting such discussion, may contribute to the formation of public opinion in contemporary civil society. Heretofore, most academic studies have overlooked the possible consequences of soap opera for civil society, public opinion and the democratic process. This …

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Protecting Women From Domestic Violence: A Comparative Perspective, Mollie Whitehead '04 Jan 2004

Protecting Women From Domestic Violence: A Comparative Perspective, Mollie Whitehead '04

Honors Projects

Domestic violence against women is a social problem that occurs in nearly every comer of the world. Recently, some states have begun to recognize that women must be protected from abuse by family members and intimates. While policies and practices designed to protect women have emerged in a number of countries, many lag behind on the issue. This paper will examine the causal factors behind the variation in protection for women. The literature on women and politics suggests that when women are able to directly influence policies, via electoral pressure or participation in decision-making, women-friendly legislation will be more prevalent. …

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The Judges Club Of Egypt: A Space For Defending Democracy And The Independence Of The Judiciary, Atef Shahat Said Jan 2004

The Judges Club Of Egypt: A Space For Defending Democracy And The Independence Of The Judiciary, Atef Shahat Said

Archived Theses and Dissertations

This thesis examines the Judges Club of Egypt [JCE] between January 1985 and March 2004. My research demonstrates that Egyptian judges rely on the JCE as a space for defending democratic reform and the independence of the Judiciary in Egypt. I will argue that while several laws and internal regulations within the Egyptian judicial structure forbid judges from being involved in any political activity, Egyptian judges craft strategic discursive mechanisms for expanding the role of the JCE beyond its seemingly confined function within the court. This thesis suggests that the JCE is a â meta-spaceâ [neither NGO nor officially part …

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Transforming Intractable Conflicts, Louis Kriesberg Jan 2004

Transforming Intractable Conflicts, Louis Kriesberg

Program for the Advancement of Research on Conflict and Collaboration

No abstract provided.

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Quad Angles Jan 2004

Quad Angles

Syracuse University Magazine

No abstract provided.

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Nasty Or Normal?, Richard Benedetto Jan 2004

Nasty Or Normal?, Richard Benedetto

Syracuse University Magazine

No abstract provided.

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War And State Formation: A Mennonite Critique, Sandra F. Joireman Jan 2004

War And State Formation: A Mennonite Critique, Sandra F. Joireman

Political Science Faculty Publications

This paper is an attempt to tackle the theory of war as a tool of state formation. Though I use the tools of my discipline to refute the theory in its contemporary manifestation, the paper is motivated by a theological belief regarding the sinfulness and depravity of war. I begin the paper by thoroughly exploring the benefits of strong states from a comparative historical perspective, since this has been critical to the theory's revival. Then I will discuss the theory that war makes strong states, looking first at the work of Charles Tilly, the best-known theorist in the area of …

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Congressional Leadership, Daniel J. Palazzolo Jan 2004

Congressional Leadership, Daniel J. Palazzolo

Political Science Faculty Publications

Congressional leadership takes place within an institution that serves two primary functions: making laws and representing citizens. Leaders play essential roles organizing the United States House of Representatives and the United States Senatethey set the schedule for debating bills and resolutions; formulate proposals to address public problems; represent their party's priorities through the media and in relations with leaders of the opposing party; support or oppose the president's initiatives in the legislative process; and build coalitions to pass legislation. The main challenge of congressional leadership is to advance the collective interests of the nation or of the leader's political party, …

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Communitarianism And Republicanism, Richard Dagger Jan 2004

Communitarianism And Republicanism, Richard Dagger

Political Science Faculty Publications

Communitarianism and republicanism are closely related schools of thought - so closely related that friend and foe alike sometimes conflate them. The relationship is evident in their Latin roots: communitarians are concerned with communitas, the common life of people who form a community, and republicans are devoted to the res publica, the good of the public. Of the two, however, only republicanism traces its lineage as well as its name to ancient Rome. Indeed, scholars often look beyond Rome to the philosophers and city-states of ancient Greece, particularly Aristotle and Sparta, for the origins of republicanism. For the …

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Christian Conservatives Go To Court: Religion And Legal Mobilization In The United States And Canada, Dennis R. Hoover, Kevin R. Den Dulk Jan 2004

Christian Conservatives Go To Court: Religion And Legal Mobilization In The United States And Canada, Dennis R. Hoover, Kevin R. Den Dulk

Peer Reviewed Articles

The American exceptionalism thesis holds that American political culture produces an unusually litigious society. The US Christian right has participated in litigation, especially in constitutional rights cases dealing with issues such as religious schools and abortion. However, since 1982 Canada has had a constitutional Charter of Rights and an increasingly active Christian right of its own. We compare data on Christian right involvement in education, abortion, and “right to die” (euthanasia, assisted suicide or mercy killing) cases at the Supreme Court level in both countries. Among North America’s Christian conservatives, exceptionalism has eroded, but not disappeared. We employ interviews and …

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Receiving The Headian Legacy: International Lawyers, South-To-North Resource Transfers, And The Challenge Of International Development, Obiora Chinedu Okafor Jan 2004

Receiving The Headian Legacy: International Lawyers, South-To-North Resource Transfers, And The Challenge Of International Development, Obiora Chinedu Okafor

Articles & Book Chapters

Written over fifteen years ago by Ivan Leigh Head, a highly distinguished Canadian international lawyer, foreign policy expert, and international development thinker, the words contained in the above quotation point firmly at this great man's analytic incisiveness and hint at the sheer depth of his fairness of mind. For although the net transfer of resources from the much poorer geopolitical "South" to a far richer "North" remains to this day one of the most important obstacles to international development, rarely have the dominant accounts of international development given this phenomenon the pride of place that it surely deserves.

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The Increasing Difficulties Facing American Elections And Possible Solutions, Karin M. Armour Jan 2004

The Increasing Difficulties Facing American Elections And Possible Solutions, Karin M. Armour

Senior Honors Theses and Projects

This thesis proposes that two of the most serious threats to modern American democracy are declining voter participation and rising perceptions of election fraud. The thesis provides examples that these problems do in fact exist and have been becoming more pronounced in the past twenty years. Of particular interest is that in many elections, especially local elections held separately from national elections, decisions are made by fewer than thirty percent of eligible voters, raising the question of how legitimate the elections really are. The advent of computerized voting is also important as it increases the perception that fraud can occur …

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The Internet And The American Political System, Noah David, Gaar Jan 2004

The Internet And The American Political System, Noah David, Gaar

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

The past eight years have seen a great increase in Internet usage in American culture and politics. It would seem that, in our digital age, the Internet has exercised strong effects on political behavior and even on legislators. This thesis explores the variety and intensity of these effects, finding them to be substantial and growing, although not yet robust. The main influences the net has exerted on American politics take place predominantly within two areas: political campaigns and online political interest groups. Activists are certainly using the Internet for political causes, but this sort of Internet usage is really just …

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George Liska's Realist Alliance Theory, And The Transformation Of Nato, Sergey Kireyev Jan 2004

George Liska's Realist Alliance Theory, And The Transformation Of Nato, Sergey Kireyev

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

In many aspects, political theory forms a subjective structure of this abstract science. Perhaps, it is due to the fact that unlike natural sciences or mathematics, social sciences often lack the privilege of testing the theories in absolute and unadulterated conditions. Nonetheless, such nature of the science allows for a certain degree of flexibility, when applying political theories to real-world phenomena. Alliances and coalitions in international relations form the backbone of the theory, concerning IR scholars with two main questions: Why do alliances and coalitions form? And, what keeps alliances and coalitions together? As the core of my research, I …

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Security Of A Small State: Case Of Kuwait, Shawn Adelwerth Jan 2004

Security Of A Small State: Case Of Kuwait, Shawn Adelwerth

HIM 1990-2015

Kuwait is a small country in terms of size and military might, however, it has an abundance of oil wealth. Kuwaiti rulers have often met their domestic and international security challenges with buying off the problems. This type of policy continued until late 1989, when the tension between Iraq and Kuwait reached a new height. The turning point for Kuwait security was 2 August 1990, when Iraqi military finally invaded Kuwait requested the military power of the United States. This began a new era in the United States-Kuwait relationship. Since Iraqi forces were discharged from this small Gulf State, Kuwait …

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Facade Democracy: Democratic Transition In Kazakhstan And Uzbekistan, Robin Nicole Merritt Jan 2004

Facade Democracy: Democratic Transition In Kazakhstan And Uzbekistan, Robin Nicole Merritt

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

This thesis explores the reasons behind the stagnation in the transition to democracy in Kazakhstan and Uzbekistan. According to their constitutions, Kazakhstan and Uzbekistan are democracies. In actuality, however, there is little evidence to support that these are democratic systems. These states' post-Soviet constitutions outline them as democracies - yet they lack a free press; freedom of association is suppressed; religious freedom is limited; and free speech is constrained as well. While these two countries hold popular elections, much of their electoral processes are under the control of the executive branch of government - calling into question whether or not …

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Romania, Bulgaria, The United States And The European Union: The Rules Of Empowerment At The Outskirts Of Europe, Dana Neacsu Jan 2004

Romania, Bulgaria, The United States And The European Union: The Rules Of Empowerment At The Outskirts Of Europe, Dana Neacsu

Law Faculty Publications

After the collapse of the Soviet Union, the United States came to Eastern Europe spreading the gospel of democracy and the American Rule of Law. In addition to encouraging Western ideology, the United States was there to forge new economic relationships and, following the terrorist attacks of September 11, 2001, to accelerate the creation of military alliances through membership in the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) and the newly-formed "coalition of the willing." Romania and Bulgaria, among other former Soviet satellites, welcomed the invitation. Romania and Bulgaria are small countries which share similar economic pressures as they attempt to emerge …

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The Two Reconstructions: The Struggle For Black Enfranchisement, Richard M. Valelly , '75 Jan 2004

The Two Reconstructions: The Struggle For Black Enfranchisement, Richard M. Valelly , '75

Political Science Faculty Works

No abstract provided.

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The Politic 2004 Winter, The Politic, Inc. Jan 2004

The Politic 2004 Winter, The Politic, Inc.

The Politic

No abstract provided.

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Red, White, Blue, And Green: Politics And The Environment In The 2004 Environment, James R. Lyons, Heather S. Kaplan, Fred Strebeigh, Kathleen E. Campbell Jan 2004

Red, White, Blue, And Green: Politics And The Environment In The 2004 Environment, James R. Lyons, Heather S. Kaplan, Fred Strebeigh, Kathleen E. Campbell

Yale School of the Environment Publications Series

No abstract provided.

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A Study Of The Decision Of The Czech Republic To Join The European Union, Harold Conard Mock Iii Jan 2004

A Study Of The Decision Of The Czech Republic To Join The European Union, Harold Conard Mock Iii

The Corinthian

Since its establishment as the European Coal and Steel Community in 1951, the European Union has provided more than half a century of peace and prosperity to the continent. The people of the European Union have been guaranteed justice through strict adherence to democratic ideals and respect for human rights; economic stability through transition to a common currency, job creation, development of infrastructure, and fiscal globalization; environmental protection through rigorous membership credentials and legislative policy; and security through the formulation of a single, strong, powerful voice in world affairs. The initial members were Belgium, Germany, France, Italy, Luxembourg, and the …

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A Painless Tax Or Robin Hood Reversed? The Ethical Dilemmas Of State-Sponsored Lotteries, William Hatcher Jan 2004

A Painless Tax Or Robin Hood Reversed? The Ethical Dilemmas Of State-Sponsored Lotteries, William Hatcher

The Corinthian

Over the last forty years, states and localities have been faced with the dilemma of how to raise sufficient revenue without upsetting great portions of the electorate with a tax increase. One manner by which they have dealt with this predicament is to institute state lotteries. New Hampshire started the trend in 1964 when it instituted a lottery system to supplement its dire revenue situation. New York and New Jersey soon followed suit by establishing their own lottery system. Today, thirty-nine states operate some type of lottery system. It definitely can be asserted that lotteries are the most widely accepted …

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Prospect Theory And The Cyprus Conflict: Analyzing Decisionmaking In The Turkish Cypriot President, Tarah Marie Wheeler Jan 2004

Prospect Theory And The Cyprus Conflict: Analyzing Decisionmaking In The Turkish Cypriot President, Tarah Marie Wheeler

Political Science Masters Theses

Rauf R. Denktash, the Turkish Cypriot president and leader of the Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus, has made many decisions not to negotiate with his Greek Cypriot counterpart for peace and reunification on the island of Cyprus. Traditional rational choice theories do not explain his willingness to sacrifice political power for his policy goals in risky choices. Prospect theory, a cognitive behavioral theory of decisionmaking, may help to explain why Denktash makes those risky choices by showing that decisionmakers who feel themselves to be in the domain of losses will make risky choices to gain their reference point, the location …

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Chinese Environmental Attitudes And Climate Change : Survey Findings On Precursors Of China's Domestic And International Policies On Global Warming, Paul G. Harris Jan 2004

Chinese Environmental Attitudes And Climate Change : Survey Findings On Precursors Of China's Domestic And International Policies On Global Warming, Paul G. Harris

CAPS Working Paper Series

Attitudes toward the environment in China are ambiguous at best and anti-environment at worst. These attitudes are indicators of how the Chinese view the natural environment and how they are likely to behave toward it and respond to efforts to protect it—whether they will practice "green" development and preservation of nature, or instead contribute to practices that are turning China's air, land and water brown (or even black) with pollution. These attitudes are also important precursors to individual Chinese behaviours and the policies and actions of the Chinese government to combat global warming and climate change. As such, attitudes toward …

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