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Articles 361 - 390 of 1571
Full-Text Articles in Political Science
The Philippine Covidscape: Colonial Public Health Redux?, Warwick Anderson
The Philippine Covidscape: Colonial Public Health Redux?, Warwick Anderson
Philippine Studies: Historical and Ethnographic Viewpoints
Comparing historical perceptions of three epidemics in the Philippines and the responses they elicited allows us to see how these disease outbreaks were conceived in terms of configuration, whether ecological or sociological, and contamination. Cholera in 1902, influenza in 1918–1919, and Covid-19 in 2020 each open up revealing cross sections through Philippine social life, culture, and governance. Furthermore, simplistic assumptions of contamination or pollution—in contrast to more complexly structured configurational models—are correlated with coercive or militaristic reactions to pandemics, including social distancing, lockdowns, curfews, and suppression of dissent. KEYWORDS: MEDICINE • SCIENCE • HISTORY • CHOLERA • INFLUENZA • COVID-19
Covidscapes: The Pandemic In The Philippines, Filomeno V.; Aguilar Jr.
Covidscapes: The Pandemic In The Philippines, Filomeno V.; Aguilar Jr.
Philippine Studies: Historical and Ethnographic Viewpoints
This introductory essay develops the notion of Covidscapes, taking a cue from Arjun Appadurai. Despite mutations, a single type of coronavirus has gone around the world causing the Covid-19 disease. Yet experiences with the pandemic have varied widely across and even within countries for reasons that go beyond the pathogen. The concept of Covidscapes captures the simultaneous sharing of a global phenomenon along with diversity and difference. Covidscapes are profoundly perspectival and disjunctive. State–societal factors suggest countries can have their own Covidscapes. The contributions in this issue shed light on the peculiar dynamics and contradictions of the Philippine Covidscape. KEYWORDS: …
Old Ways And New Fears: Bayanihan And Covid-19, Greg Bankoff
Old Ways And New Fears: Bayanihan And Covid-19, Greg Bankoff
Philippine Studies: Historical and Ethnographic Viewpoints
In times of trouble, Filipinos traditionally turn to one another for help. This form of community assistance is popularly known as bayanihan. Historically, Filipinos have met the challenges of life in their perilous homeland, whether it be from natural or human causation, by working together. Except, apparently, it no longer does, and Filipinos are now told that the same properties that made their communities so resilient in the past have been transformed by the Covid-19 pandemic into their greatest vulnerability. Even the term bayanihan has been overtly redefined through legislation and government programs to reflect entirely different purposes. KEYWORDS: BAYANIHAN …
The Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (Sars) Outbreak In The Philippines In 2003, Gideon Lasco
The Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (Sars) Outbreak In The Philippines In 2003, Gideon Lasco
Philippine Studies: Historical and Ethnographic Viewpoints
The global outbreak of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS) dominated public discourse in the Philippines from March to May 2003. But, given the scale of its impact and the range of responses it elicited, it largely escaped documentation, likely owing to its abbreviated timeframe and the overall lack of scholarly attention to contemporary medical crises. Thisarticle reconstructs the “outbreak narrative” of SARS and the perceptions and practices that surrounded it. It discusses points of comparison between SARS and the Covid-19 pandemic, underscoring that many practices seen in both events are familiar, not exceptional, responses to health crises in the country. …
Preparedness, Agility, And The Philippine Response To The Covid-19 Pandemic: The Early Phase In Comparative Southeast Asian Perspective, Filomeno V. Aguilar Jr.
Preparedness, Agility, And The Philippine Response To The Covid-19 Pandemic: The Early Phase In Comparative Southeast Asian Perspective, Filomeno V. Aguilar Jr.
Philippine Studies: Historical and Ethnographic Viewpoints
Was the Philippines prepared for the Covid-19 pandemic? Did the government take early and effective action that can be characterized as strategically agile? Thisarticle answers these questions by reconstructing the chronology of the Philippine government’s response to the pandemic during the early phase. It focuses on three issues: virus importation (specifically the first Covid-19 case), testing, and contact tracing. The Philippine response is contrasted with those of Thailand and Vietnam, which, unlike the Philippines, have succeeded in lowering per capita mortality rate. Deficient in strategic agility, the Philippines failed to consider early on a scenario of extreme disease outbreak. KEYWORDS: …
Duterte’S Disciplinary Quarantine: How A Moral Dichotomy Was Constructed And Undermined, Wataru Kusaka
Duterte’S Disciplinary Quarantine: How A Moral Dichotomy Was Constructed And Undermined, Wataru Kusaka
Philippine Studies: Historical and Ethnographic Viewpoints
Thisarticle explores the characteristics of what I call Duterte’s “disciplinary quarantine,” which is premised on a moral dichotomy between “good citizens,” who abide by strict regulations, and undisciplined “evil others” (pasaway), who endanger the nation. Based on my family’s participant observation in Bohol, thisarticle also describes how Boholanos have undermined the moral dichotomy by embracing minor violations to endure the government’s protracted and rigid quarantine rules. I suggest that ideas about appropriate behaviors created through people’s mutuality and everyday trials and errors are more reliable than top-down “discipline” for a continual struggle against the pandemic. KEYWORDS: DISCIPLINE • MORAL DICHOTOMY …
Lisandro E. Claudio’S Jose Rizal: Liberalism And The Paradox Of Coloniality, Review Author: Thomas
Lisandro E. Claudio’S Jose Rizal: Liberalism And The Paradox Of Coloniality, Review Author: Thomas
Philippine Studies: Historical and Ethnographic Viewpoints
No abstract provided.
Takamichi Serizawa’S Writing History In America’S Shadow: Japan, The Philippines, And The Question Of Pan-Asianism, Review Author: Redison
Takamichi Serizawa’S Writing History In America’S Shadow: Japan, The Philippines, And The Question Of Pan-Asianism, Review Author: Redison
Philippine Studies: Historical and Ethnographic Viewpoints
No abstract provided.
Damon L. Woods’S The Myth Of The Barangay And Other Silenced Histories, Review Author: Nery
Damon L. Woods’S The Myth Of The Barangay And Other Silenced Histories, Review Author: Nery
Philippine Studies: Historical and Ethnographic Viewpoints
No abstract provided.
Benito J. Legarda Jr., 1926–2020, Francis; Department Navarro
Benito J. Legarda Jr., 1926–2020, Francis; Department Navarro
Philippine Studies: Historical and Ethnographic Viewpoints
No abstract provided.
Gilda Cordero-Fernando, 1932–2020, Fernando N.; Zialcita
Gilda Cordero-Fernando, 1932–2020, Fernando N.; Zialcita
Philippine Studies: Historical and Ethnographic Viewpoints
No abstract provided.
Aileen S. P. Baviera, 1959–2020, Janus Isaac; Nolasco
Aileen S. P. Baviera, 1959–2020, Janus Isaac; Nolasco
Philippine Studies: Historical and Ethnographic Viewpoints
No abstract provided.
Parish Records And The History Of Philippine Epidemics, Peter Xenos
Parish Records And The History Of Philippine Epidemics, Peter Xenos
Philippine Studies: Historical and Ethnographic Viewpoints
The Philippine epidemic experience suggests a research perspective that is attentive to local spatial variation and also recognizes connections across long periods of time, particularly across the Spanish and American colonial eras and the epidemic experience then and since. Among historical materials that need to be incorporated into the discourse and connected with evidence from modern, spatially disaggregated data systems are parish archival records of births, deaths, and marriages; households; and population changes. This research note outlines the Philippine parish records and presents illustrative results from twenty-eight parishes. Those records include local time series of deaths from which mortality crises, …
Care And Solidarity In The Time Of Covid-19: The Pandemic Experiences Of Filipinos In The Uk, Roderick Galam
Care And Solidarity In The Time Of Covid-19: The Pandemic Experiences Of Filipinos In The Uk, Roderick Galam
Philippine Studies: Historical and Ethnographic Viewpoints
Thisarticle provides a preliminary account of how the lives of UK-based Filipinos have been affected by the Covid-19 pandemic using care and solidarity as lenses to make sense of their experiences. By undertaking an intersectional analysis, it demonstrates how Filipinos’ experiences have been significantly shaped by the fact of their being migrants, which folds racism into their experiences. Alongside race/ethnicity and citizenship/migration status, their relationship with or location in the labor market has also shaped the impact of the pandemic on their lives. It concludes with a reflection on the duty of states to care for migrants. KEYWORDS: COVID-19 PANDEMIC …
The Penalty Of Mobility In Manila During Periods Of Public Health Crises, Michael D. Pante
The Penalty Of Mobility In Manila During Periods Of Public Health Crises, Michael D. Pante
Philippine Studies: Historical and Ethnographic Viewpoints
Mobility seems to impose a paradoxical penalty on individuals based in Metro Manila. Looking at the experiences of public health crises during the American colonial period and the present-day Covid-19 pandemic, this essay focuses on the inordinate restrictions on and blame assigned to the least mobile segments of the population despite the fact that such crises are aided by heightened mobility. Past and present disease outbreaks force us to acknowledge that our cities contain groups of people with varying levels of mobility, another form of social inequality that badly needs to be addressed. KEYWORDS: TRANSPORTATION • URBANIZATION • CITIES • …
Science And Public Service During A Pandemic: Reflections From The Scientists Of The Philippine Government’S Covid-19 Surveillance Platform, Maria Regina Estuar, Joshua Uyheng, Marlene De Leon, Daniel Joseph Benito, Elvira De Lara-Tuprio, Carlo Estadilla, Timothy Teng
Science And Public Service During A Pandemic: Reflections From The Scientists Of The Philippine Government’S Covid-19 Surveillance Platform, Maria Regina Estuar, Joshua Uyheng, Marlene De Leon, Daniel Joseph Benito, Elvira De Lara-Tuprio, Carlo Estadilla, Timothy Teng
Philippine Studies: Historical and Ethnographic Viewpoints
During the Covid-19 pandemic, science plays an important role in understanding and intervening in local outbreaks. Conducting scientific operations for pandemic response also takes on unique human and social dimensions. Reflexivity is often a key to understanding the perspectives that scientists take in applying theory to practice. In this essay we share that reflexivity by detailing personal reflections as scientists of FASSSTER, an integrated platform providing scientific intelligence to the Philippine government for monitoring and responding to the Covid-19 outbreak in the country. KEYWORDS: COVID-19 • SCIENCE–POLICY INTERACTIONS •DISEASE SURVEILLANCE • BOUNDARY WORK • ACTION RESEARCH
Nicole Cuunjieng Aboitiz’S Asian Place, Filipino Nation: A Global Intellectual History Of The Philippine Revolution, 1887–1912, Review Author: Matthiessen
Nicole Cuunjieng Aboitiz’S Asian Place, Filipino Nation: A Global Intellectual History Of The Philippine Revolution, 1887–1912, Review Author: Matthiessen
Philippine Studies: Historical and Ethnographic Viewpoints
No abstract provided.
Stephanie Coo’S Clothing The Colony: Nineteenth-Century Philippine Sartorial Culture, 1820–1896, Review Author: Camacho
Stephanie Coo’S Clothing The Colony: Nineteenth-Century Philippine Sartorial Culture, 1820–1896, Review Author: Camacho
Philippine Studies: Historical and Ethnographic Viewpoints
No abstract provided.
Glenn Anthony May, 1945–2020, Filomeno V.; Aguilar Jr.
Glenn Anthony May, 1945–2020, Filomeno V.; Aguilar Jr.
Philippine Studies: Historical and Ethnographic Viewpoints
No abstract provided.
Index To Volume 68, Index To Volume 68
Index To Volume 68, Index To Volume 68
Philippine Studies: Historical and Ethnographic Viewpoints
No abstract provided.
Re-Assessing The Genocide Of Kurdish Alevis In Dersim, 1937-38, Dilşa Deniz
Re-Assessing The Genocide Of Kurdish Alevis In Dersim, 1937-38, Dilşa Deniz
Genocide Studies and Prevention: An International Journal
This article discusses a century-long denial of historic genocide targeting Kurdish Alevis in Turkey. Firstly, I argue that the state-sponsored killings and forced displacements that occurred in Dersim in 1937-38 constitute genocide. Secondly, I use census numbers and other available documentation to suggest a possible figure for the causalities, while pointing out the methods by which the state has tried to cover up these numbers, indicating state planning and preparation. Finally, I show that as a part of the continued denial of such genocide, Turkish leftist organizations have been manipulated by the state, and thus have ended up supporting much …
Many Forms Of Black Death: Coal Extraction, Transnational Activism And The Value Of Life In Colombia, Oscar H. Pedraza Vargas
Many Forms Of Black Death: Coal Extraction, Transnational Activism And The Value Of Life In Colombia, Oscar H. Pedraza Vargas
Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects
After the murder of the president and vice president of the coal union by paramilitaries in the department of Cesár, Colombia, the union is left adrift. Its fragility is only heightened when the person who decides to take over, is killed six months later. The union has been vocal on their critique of environmental destruction produced by coal and argues that their criticism is part of the reasons why they were targeted. Not far from there, in the department of Guajira, the conglomerate in charge of Cerrejón, the largest open-pit coal mine of South America, wants to divert a creek …
We Do Not Have Borders: Greater Somalia And The Predicaments Of Belonging In Kenya, Bashir Haji
We Do Not Have Borders: Greater Somalia And The Predicaments Of Belonging In Kenya, Bashir Haji
The Journal of Social Encounters
Karen Weitzberg opens her book with a proverb from the early Somali independence era: “wherever the camel goes, that is Somalia.” This quote sets the precedence for the book illustrating Somalis’ rocky relationship with borders. Originally, Somalis were nomadic pastoralists that frequently moved around, crossing borders. However, after many African countries gained independence, new border lines were drawn up. As a result of this new reality, many Somali clans were forced to claim their territorial land and were also shut out from other regions, thereby impacting their way of life. Weitzberg, a Stanford graduate with a background in African and …
Two Books On Peace Education And Advocacy From The Philippines, Patricia M. Mische
Two Books On Peace Education And Advocacy From The Philippines, Patricia M. Mische
The Journal of Social Encounters
No abstract provided.
Peace Education In The Philippines: Measuring Impact, Jasmin Nario-Galace
Peace Education In The Philippines: Measuring Impact, Jasmin Nario-Galace
The Journal of Social Encounters
In this essay I discuss the education and experiences that were important for my formation as a Peace Educator and Advocate. The essay also briefly looks at the issue of peace research, teaching and activism, and how we at the Miriam College –Center for Peace Education believe that research and teaching are important but not enough. I recount research I helped to conduct that shows that peace education had a positive impact on those who participated in it, and then go on to describe our successful Iobbying efforts with the Philippine government and at the United Nations. I conclude with …
Peace Education In The Philippines: My Journey As A Peace Educator And Some Lessons Learned, Loreta Navarro-Castro
Peace Education In The Philippines: My Journey As A Peace Educator And Some Lessons Learned, Loreta Navarro-Castro
The Journal of Social Encounters
In this essay I discuss the development of Peace Education in the Philippines. I also discuss my journey as a peace educator and organizer of peace education. I conclude with lessons that I learned in my work that may be useful for others interested in Peace Education and Advocacy.
Reflections On Peace Education And The Philippines, Patricia M. Mische
Reflections On Peace Education And The Philippines, Patricia M. Mische
The Journal of Social Encounters
This essay, written at the request of JSE editors as an introduction to its special section on Peace Education in the Philippines, discusses the meaning and importance of educating for peace in a globally interdependent but fractured world; shares reflections from the author’s personal journey as a learner/teacher/researcher engaged in peace education, with special attention to her experience in peace education in the Philippines from 1979 to 2020; and introduces two very accomplished Philippine peace educators and their work.
The Mischaracterization Of The Pakhtun-Islamic Peace Culture Created By Abdul Ghaffar Khan And The Khudai Khidmatgars, Shelini Harris
The Mischaracterization Of The Pakhtun-Islamic Peace Culture Created By Abdul Ghaffar Khan And The Khudai Khidmatgars, Shelini Harris
The Journal of Social Encounters
Abdul Ghaffar Khan and his Khudai Khidmatgar Movement, whose peace activities included nonviolent resistance to British rule in India, have remained relatively unknown despite the magnitude of their achievement and significance (100,000 strong peace army). Even among appreciative peace scholars their nonviolence has been mischaracterized as an adoption of Gandhi’s teachings; Khan is referred to as the Muslim Gandhi. I argue that this is due to a reliance on biased colonial sources, concomitant racist characterization of the Pakhtuns and Islam, and an insufficient understanding of violence. I illustrate how this movement’s motivation and inspiration were deeply rooted in Pakhtun culture …
Jesus, The Last Scapegoat: A Chinese-Indonesian Christian Theological Imagination For Peacebuilding And Reconciliation, Hans Harmakaputra
Jesus, The Last Scapegoat: A Chinese-Indonesian Christian Theological Imagination For Peacebuilding And Reconciliation, Hans Harmakaputra
The Journal of Social Encounters
After enduring the systematic oppression under Suharto’s three-decade regime (1967-1998) in Indonesia through discriminatory policies, Chinese-Indonesians suffered an enormous loss in the 1998 riots that signified the end of Suharto’s regime. Many Chinese-Indonesians were killed, raped, and displaced. A few years later, the new government abolished the discriminatory policies against Chinese-Indonesians, and they started to enjoy equality as citizens of Indonesia. However, negativities that resulted from the traumatic experiences cannot be diminished easily. This essay suggests a Chinese-Indonesian Christian theological imagination of Jesus’ crucifixion that aims to deal with communal trauma and contribute to the peacebuilding and reconciliation efforts. This …
Julius Nyerere’S Understanding Of African Socialism, Human Rights And Equality, Fr. Innocent Simon Sanga, Ron Pagnucco
Julius Nyerere’S Understanding Of African Socialism, Human Rights And Equality, Fr. Innocent Simon Sanga, Ron Pagnucco
The Journal of Social Encounters
Julius Kambarage Nyerere, African philosopher, anti-colonial leader, first president of the United Republic of Tanzania, and respected international statesman, served as president of the newly independent Tanzania from 1964 through 1985., after which he remained politically active in Tanzania and on the global stage. Trying to steer a post-colonial course of self-reliance, he developed and implemented African Socialism in Tanzania, articulated in the Arusha Declaration in 1967. As an anti-colonial leader, Nyerere referred to international human rights standards such as the Universal Declaration of Human Rights, and maintained a commitment to human rights as president and afterwards. In this essay …