Other Social and Behavioral Sciences Commons^™

Quality Assurance And The Implication For The Management Of University Libraries In Nigeria, E.L. Adebayo

Library Philosophy and Practice (e-journal)

Peer group assessment is one means of measuring the quality library services. Library standards for the 21st century are pointed out. Areas of weakness in service provision in Nigerian libraries are explored. These include funding, ICT, and staffing. The implications of the weaknesses for library managers are discussed.

Searchers' Perception Of Access Regulations In Nigerian National Archives, Abiola Abioye

Library Philosophy and Practice (e-journal)

Access is a fundamental issue in archives administration and information management. This study investigated the perception of searchers to access regulations in National Archives of Nigeria. A descriptive survey was adopted for the study with questionnaire and interview as the research instruments. One hundred copies of the questionnaire were administered on searchers who were students of tertiary institutions, scholars, legal practitioners, litigants, government officials and politicians, and seventy-two copies were returned and analyzed. Interviews were also conducted with some of the searchers who were randomly selected. The study revealed that searchers, with varying level of education, used records in the …

Information Needs Of Faculty Members And Research Scholars Of Chaudhary Charan Singh University: A Case Study, Devendra Kumar

Library Philosophy and Practice (e-journal)

This paper analyzes the information needs and use pattern among faculty members and research scholars of Chaudhary Charan Singh University, Meerut's university campus and six district colleges: Meerut, Bulandshahar, Muzaffarnagar, Saharanpur, Baghpat, and Ghaziabad. A structured questionnaire was distributed among 425 faculty members and research scholars, of whom 200 (47.05%) responded. The study examines the purpose of visits to the library, use of different types of information sources, current literature in the field of interest, and difficulties faced in accessing information. The paper examines the preference for information sources and their use. Statistical analysis was done by applying simple percentage …

Faith, Crisis, Coping, And Meaning Making After Katrina: A Qualitative, Cross-Cohort Examination, Loren D. Marks, Katie E. Cherry, Jennifer L. Silva

Faculty Publications

Very few studies in the disaster literature include elderly adults, whose life experiences, perceptions, and spiritual needs in the post-disaster period may markedly differ in comparison to younger cohorts. In this 3, we address the topic of how young, middle age, older, and oldest-old adults coped with and made meaning of Hurricanes Katrina and Rita during the storms and their aftermath. The individuals who provided the qualitative interviews upon which this chapter is based were enrolled in the Louisiana Healthy Aging Study (LHAS), a multidisciplinary study of the determinants of longevity and healthy aging (see Cherry, Silva, & Galea, Chapter …

The Psychology Behind Helping And Prosocial Behaviors: An Examination From Intention To Action, Jennifer L. Silva, Loren D. Marks, Katie E. Cherry

Faculty Publications

When disasters strike, many people rise to the challenge of providing immediate assistance to those whose lives are in peril. The spectrum of helping behaviors to counter the devastating effects of a natural disaster is vast and can be seen on many levels, from concerned individuals and community groups to volunteer organizations and larger civic entities. In this chapter, we examine the psychology of helping in relation to natural disasters. Definitions of helping behaviors, why we help, and risks of helping others are discussed first. Next, we discuss issues specific to natural disasters and life span considerations, noting the developmental …

Ua23 New Learning Approach, Paul N. Markham, Aurelia Spaulding

ALIVE Center Publications

No abstract provided.

Parental Assets And Children's Educational Outcomes, Vernon Loke, Paul Sacco

Center for Social Development Research

Several countries, including Canada, Singapore and the United Kingdom, have enacted asset-based policies for children in recent years. The premise underlying these policies is that increases in assets lead to improvement in various child outcomes over time. But little existing research examines this premise from a dynamic perspective. Using data from the NLSY79 mother and child datasets, two parallel process latent growth curve models are estimated to examine the effects of parental asset accumulation on changes in children’s math and reading achievement over six years during middle childhood. Results indicate that the initial level of assets is positively associated with …

College Savings Plans: Investment Options, Safety, And Policy Implications, Margaret M. Clancy, Joe Jovanovich

Center for Social Development Research

With recent stock market decline, balances in many college savings (529) plans have also declined. Investment options such as money market funds or FDIC-insured CDs are gaining attention, and questions are being raised about the safety of 529 savings plan investments. This brief provides information on 529 savings plan investment options and safety as well as policy implications.

Assuring Quality In Distance Education For Library And Information Science: The Role Of The Library, V Gopkumar, A Baradol

Library Philosophy and Practice (e-journal)

The concept of distance education and its use in Library and Information Science (LIS) education are presented. The importance of providing library and information services for LIS distance learners to enhance quality is discussed. The paper points out that web based information services can be used to extend library and information services to distance learners. Options and resources available are discussed in detail. A way of re-engineering of library and information services is highlighted.

Libraries And The Future Of Search, Judith O'Dell

Library Philosophy and Practice (e-journal)

Libraries have traditionally created records classifying and describing sources of information which are then organized into a system used to retrieve or locate those sources. Google, in contrast, is focused on creating a search engine that in theory would alter or eliminate the need to organize records. Are these strategies in direct competition or are they leading to some mutual system? Is Google's approach a realistic expectation given the technological, business, social, political, and legal trends of today? Assuming the creation of this or a similar capability, what will it mean for the future of searching in libraries? Will it …

Societal Transformation And Reference Services In The Academic Library: Theoretical Foundations For Re-Envisioning Reference, Pamela N. Martin

Library Philosophy and Practice (e-journal)

This paper draws on theories of societal transformation, specifically the information society and postmodernism, to pinpoint challenges and offer concrete advice for re-envisioning reference services in the academic library, including traditional reference work and formal library instruction. Rather than acting as experts to whom all patrons should defer, reference librarians should serve as helpful guides and fellow explorers of the information universe.

Food Insecurity And Disability: Do Economic Resources Matter?, Jin Huang, Baorong Guo, Youngmi Kim

Center for Social Development Research

This research examines the relationship between work disability and food insecurity, and tests whether the positive association between disability and food insecurity is accounted for by two mechanisms: economic resources and/or competing consumption needs. a sample (N=6,997) is chosen from the 1999 Panel Study of Income Dynamics (PSID) with over 1,200 households headed by people with disabilities. Findings support both mechanisms but depending on the levels of food insecurity and the types of family economic resources, their success at explaining the relationship of disability with food insecurity varies. In addition, we find that household assets are more effective than income …

Childhood Sexual Abuse, Other Childhood Factors, And Pathways To Survivors’ Adult Relationship Quality, Eric C. Walker, Thomas B. Holman, Dean M. Busby

Faculty Publications

We were interested in understanding how the effects of childhood sexual abuse, in concert with other negative childhood experiences, were carried forward into adult romantic relationships. Data from 15,831 married or cohabitating individuals were gathered via the RELATE Questionnaire. Empirical research, attachment theory, and a general model of adult relationship quality suggested that the path from negative childhood events to adult relationship quality was mediated by a number of individual and relational affect-laden variables. Results showed that childhood abuse and other family-of-origin variables work primarily through the adult survivor’s perceptions of the events of his or her childhood. This “current …

The Treatment Action Campaign's First Decade: Success Achieved?, Jung Cho

Honors Scholar Theses

South Africa is known to have the largest HIV epidemic in the world with 5.7 million people currently living with HIV, according to UNAIDS. In light of the crisis, South Africa's Treatment Action Campaign (TAC) has led the social movement for increased treatment access for people living with HIV through lobbying the government, multinational pharmaceutical companies, and grassroots campaigning. Since it's founding a decade ago, TAC has been highly acclaimed both regionally and internationally for its success. In order to determine the success of this social movement organization, social movement theories, such as mobilization potential, external political opportunity structure, and …

To Vaccinate, Or Not? Health Care Providers And The Hpv Controversy, Nicole Elizabeth Hanbury

Honors Scholar Theses

Gardasil® – the vaccine was first thought to be a medical breakthrough in the fight against cancer, but it quickly became plagued with controversy. Despite wide media coverage, little attention has been paid to today’s health care professionals who are ultimately responsible for prescribing the vaccine, and who may be the most knowledgeable about it. The present study seeks to expand on previous literature by investigating health care providers’ current beliefs and practices with the human papillomavirus (HPV) immunization. It is essential that more recent research be performed in order to encompass current views of the vaccine, post FDA-approval.

Data …

An Empirical Test Of Hirschi's Theory Of Delinquency, Barbara R. Vanderpool

Theses & Honors Papers

Delinquency has been examined by many disciplines. There is no single explanation for delinquency. This study tests Hirschi's Theory on a group of adolescents that violate laws that have not been adjudicated delinquents. These adolescents have not been labeled delinquent, but have been placed in a facility to assist at-risk adolescents. A modified version of Elliot's National Youth Study questionnaire was used to measure delinquency. This data gathered indicated a significant decline in delinquency while participating in the program. Hirschi's theory is an empirical test found to be relevant to these adolescents.

Five Low-Cost Ideas To Help Families Save For College, Margaret M. Clancy, David Newville

Center for Social Development Research

Improvements to the 529 platform could increase the number of low- and moderate-income families saving in 529s and make it easier for these families to build assets for education. These reforms include large initiatives, such as coordinating existing higher education tax credits and financial aid with 529s, as well as small initiatives to increase savings. This document contains several low-cost, simple reforms for 529s at the federal level. These would be important first steps for enabling more low- and moderate-income students to complete higher education.

The Role Of Library And Information Science Education In National Development, Fatemeh Malekabadizadeh, Farhad Shokraneh, Akram Hosseini

Library Philosophy and Practice (e-journal)

Rapid expansion of knowledge and new technology have had an effect on national development. Development is influenced by factors such as culture, economy, and education. Libraries are important indicators of growth and development. They provide scientific services, fulfill social needs, and help individuals flourish. Librarians and library and information science (LIS) programs must recognize the need to change in order to strengthen development. This study discusses changing LIS curricula and the necessity of curricular changes in this field in Iran as a key factor in national development. The study provides some guidelines for these objectives.

The Role Of The Iranian Library And Information Science Association In The Informal Education Of Librarians, Mohammad Zerehsaz, Tania Azadi, Fatemeh Pazouki

Library Philosophy and Practice (e-journal)

This article reports on a survey of librarians on their view of the role of the Iranian Library and Information Science Association in informal education of librarians. The survey uses a descriptive-analytical approach with categorized sampling of two groups of members in Tehran and Khorasan. The results show that the association is successful in holding informal training programs for librarians. The T test indicates no significant difference between librarians in Tehran and in Khorasan except in two factors. The difference is shown in positive effect on job evaluation, and suitability of scheduled dates, date of monthly seminars, and level of …

Small Group Teaching In Library And Information Science, Razieh Zahedi

Library Philosophy and Practice (e-journal)

Educational systems must recognize and develop students' potential. The educational environment is very influential in doing this. Small group teaching provides such an environment. In this method, students are divided into groups where they discuss ideas, communicate opinions, and solve problems. Types of small group teaching include seminars, problem solving classes, and tutorials. Small group teaching helps develop intellectual skills such as reasoning and problem solving, critical thinking and other communicative skills, such as listening, asking, and answering. The current paper is a review article that includes the concept of small group teaching and its characteristics. The role, place, and …

Chat Reference: Training And Competencies For Librarians, Atefeh Noorizadeh Ghasri

Library Philosophy and Practice (e-journal)

Chat reference is an increasingly popular service. This article introduces chat reference as a new concept that is not extensively used in libraries in Iran, and discusses the knowledge and competencies that librarians must use in the process. Training courses in chat reference that have been used are noted and suggestions are made for including chat reference training in LIS curricula.

Librarians' Education In The Age Of Knowledge: Consideration Of Skills, Methods, And Tools, Akram Fathian Dastgerdi

Library Philosophy and Practice (e-journal)

The demands of a knowledge-based society require librarians to have new skills. This article analyzes the necessary skills and means of acquiring them. Librarians need skills in knowledge management, information science, use of information and communication technologies, the ability to facilitate and support of electronic learning and sharing of information with other organizations. Methods of learning both inside and outside the organization are considered, including in-service training, workshops, web-based learning, and visits to other libraries.

Third Wave Changes: The Role Of Information And Communication Technology (Ict) In The Definition Of Librarianship, Faezeh Sadat Tabatabaee Amiree, Bentolhodah Khabbazan

Library Philosophy and Practice (e-journal)

A scientific revolution began in the 1950s, bringing what have been called “third wave changes.” Science and information technology brought innovations and inventions with increasing speed. One of the fields affected by information technology is education, with resulting changes for librarianship. This article discusses methods of digital education and its application in librarianship.

Lower Crime Rates And Prisoner Recidivism, Stephanie Stravinskas

Honors College Theses

The transition from prison life back into society is not simple. The number of ex-prisoners that recidivate is alarming. Ex- offenders must find a residence, purchase life’s necessities and locate a job. In addition, many prisoners have not been rehabilitated, developed skills, or obtained an education while in prison. Focusing funds on rehabilitation programs instead of the construction of new prisons may be a more effective long-term strategy to reduce criminal activity. Strategies to reduce recidivism are discussed along with an analysis of what their implementation might entail.

A Descriptive Study Examining Motivation, Goal Orientations, Coaching, And Training Habits Of Women Ultrarunners, Rhonna Zena Krouse

Boise State University Theses and Dissertations

Ultrarunners are people who participate in running events that exceed the 26.2 mile marathon distance. Currently, women make up approximately 20% of this population. To date, no studies have investigated female ultrarunners. The present study sought to describe these women (N = 344) by evaluating motivational factors for participation, goal orientations, training habits, and coach utilization. Motivation was measured using the Motivation for Marathoners Scale (7 point Likert scale). General health orientation (M = 4.71± 1.06) and psychological coping (M = 4.71±1.03) were the two categories most endorsed whereas social motives were least endorsed (M = …

Seed Account Monitoring Research, Lisa Reyes Mason, Yunju Nam, Margaret Clancy, Vernon Loke, Youngmi Kim

Center for Social Development Research

SEED Account Monitoring Research

Seed Deposit, Match Cap, And Net Savings Patterns: An Assessment Of Institutional Incentives In The I Can Save Program, Baorong Guo, Margaret S. Sherraden, Lissa Johnson

Center for Social Development Research

Incentive structures are key to the success of asset-building programs. a review of the existing literature reveals a lack of knowledge regarding the time dimension of incentive structures embedded in the asset-building programs. It is not clear how saving performance may change even when institutional settings stay the same over time. Using cash flow data from I Can Save, a small-scale Child Development Account demonstration project, this study closely examines how two institutional components, seed deposit and match cap, affect net savings over the four-year observation period. Results from the descriptive and multivariate analyses show that saving performance is a …

Perceived Effects Of International Volunteering: Reports From Alumni, Benjamin Lough, Amanda Moore Mcbride, Margaret S. Sherraden

Center for Social Development Research

Perceived Effects of International Volunteering: Reports From Alumni

Friendship And Romantic Relationship Qualities In Emerging Adulthood: Differential Associations With Identity Development And Achieved Adulthood Criteria, Carolyn Mcnamara Barry, Stephanie D. Madsen, Larry J. Nelson, Jason S. Carroll, Sarah Badger

Faculty Publications

This study examined how emerging adults’ identity development and achievement of adulthood criteria were related to qualities of their friendships and romantic relationships. Participants included 710 emerging adults (ages 18–26). Results indicated that identity achievement was related positively to four romantic relationship qualities, but not to any friendship qualities. Several achieved adulthood criteria were related positively to romantic relationship qualities; however, achieved adulthood criteria were related negatively to friendship qualities. It appears that progress on salient developmental tasks of adulthood carries important implications for emerging adults’ social relationships, but in ways that are more differentiated than commonly assumed.

Experience Corps: Effects On Student Reading, Nancy Morrow-Howell, Stacey Mccrary, Yung Soo Lee, Ed Spitznagel, Melissa Jonson-Reid

Center for Social Development Research

Experience Corps: Effects on Student Reading