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Articles 1 - 30 of 68
Full-Text Articles in Linguistics
Cognitive Flexibility In Broader Autism Phenotype: Does Bilingualism Benefit And Emotion Hinder?, Nardin M. Yacoub
Cognitive Flexibility In Broader Autism Phenotype: Does Bilingualism Benefit And Emotion Hinder?, Nardin M. Yacoub
Theses, Dissertations and Culminating Projects
The broader autism phenotype (BAP) is a milder manifestation of autistic traits just below the clinical threshold for Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD), and provides a framework for studying and defining these traits in individuals related to autistic people. Cognitive flexibility (CF) is an executive functioning (EF) skill characterized by the ability to switch between tasks or thoughts based on environmental demands. The current study examined whether BAP was associated with CF and how bilingualism and emotion influenced this relationship across development. Previous research has found that bilinguals show enhanced task-switching abilities. Individuals with BAP may show differences in emotional processing, …
The Acquisition Of English Vowel Contrasts By Brazilian Portuguese Speakers: A Study Of Brazilian Au Pairs In The U.S., Fernanda Lourenco Da Silva
The Acquisition Of English Vowel Contrasts By Brazilian Portuguese Speakers: A Study Of Brazilian Au Pairs In The U.S., Fernanda Lourenco Da Silva
Theses, Dissertations and Culminating Projects
Previous research has shown that second language vowel acquisition is influenced by linguistic and experiential factors, particularly for contrasts that do not exist in the learner’s first language. The present study investigated the acquisition of English vowel contrasts by Brazilian Portuguese speakers in a naturalistic immersion context, focusing on the /ɛ–æ/ and /i–ɪ/ contrasts. A total of N = 11 Brazilian au pairs or former au pairs living in the United States participated in the study. Data were collected through a quasi-longitudinal framework with pre-arrival and post-arrival speech recordings, a perception task, and a social background questionnaire. Production was analyzed …
Words And Phrases That Matter: A Corpus Analysis Of Vocabulary And Phraseological Coverage In Myanmar's High School English Textbooks, Kaung Hla Zan
Words And Phrases That Matter: A Corpus Analysis Of Vocabulary And Phraseological Coverage In Myanmar's High School English Textbooks, Kaung Hla Zan
Theses, Dissertations and Culminating Projects
"Myanmar’s high school education relies on centralized EFL textbooks as the primary source of English input for a significant population of Myanmar youth. Following curriculum reforms aiming for communicative competence, this study provides a corpus-based evaluation of the lexical and phraseological composition of Grades 10 to 12 (high school) textbooks. Using a multi-list approach, this study profiled the textbooks against the New General Service List (NGSL) and the Academic Vocabulary List (AVL) for vocabulary coverage. To determine the frequency and coverage of academic phrases, the textbooks were profiled against three lists of academic bundles identified by Simpson-Vlach and Ellis (2010), …
Phonetic Convergence And Speech Intelligibility, Kinza Nadeem Mughal
Phonetic Convergence And Speech Intelligibility, Kinza Nadeem Mughal
Theses, Dissertations and Culminating Projects
Previous studies have indicated that phonetic convergence, in which a listener’s speech aligns with the speech of a talker they hear, can influence speech perception. The present study replicated and extended these findings by investigating whether phonetic convergence can facilitate speech intelligibility. A total of N = 140 participants, all aged 18 or older and native English speakers, completed a speech shadowing task, a speech intelligibility test, and perceptual similarity tests. This study examined whether individuals better understand their own speech compared to others’, whether shadowing improves speech intelligibility, and whether phonetic convergence is positively related to intelligibility. Results supported …
The Scale And Sustainability Of An Early Childhood Dual Language Program, Michelle Belfiore Loconte
The Scale And Sustainability Of An Early Childhood Dual Language Program, Michelle Belfiore Loconte
Theses, Dissertations and Culminating Projects
The history of multilingual education in the United States over the last fifty years has gradually transitioned from a subtractive bilingual approach to additive approaches, where students increase their cognition of both their native language and the target language. The dissertation study explored the scale and sustainability of one dual language early childhood program that has been implemented over the past 19 years, expanding across grade levels. The research question of this dissertation study was, “What can we learn from a long-lasting and steadily expanding public early childhood dual language program?” The data for this dissertation was collected through a …
How Raciolinguistic Ideologies Shape Afro-Anglophone Caribbean Students' Negotiations Of Their Linguistic Identities, Merlyn Andrea Vanderstarre
How Raciolinguistic Ideologies Shape Afro-Anglophone Caribbean Students' Negotiations Of Their Linguistic Identities, Merlyn Andrea Vanderstarre
Theses, Dissertations and Culminating Projects
During the last and current century, the United States has witnessed an increasing upward trend in immigration from the racially and linguistically diverse English-speaking or Anglophone Caribbean (Lorenzi & Batalova, 2022). However, there needs to be more research on Afro-Anglophone Caribbean (AAC) students recounting their experiences in schools in the United States. Framed by a raciolinguistic perspective and post-colonial theory, this qualitative study captures the experiences of seven (7) student participants from four (4) academy high schools in an urban school district in the U.S. Northeast, who provided insights into their linguistic identities and experiences in high schools in the …
De Acordo Com A…: Lexical Bundles And Disciplinary Variation In Academic Brazilian Portuguese, Larissa Goulart
De Acordo Com A…: Lexical Bundles And Disciplinary Variation In Academic Brazilian Portuguese, Larissa Goulart
Department of Linguistics Faculty Scholarship and Creative Works
Research on formulaic language has shown that few lexical bundles overlap across disciplines in expert academic writing, with disciplinary writing being characterized by specific bundles. This was proven to be the case in both English (Hyland, 2008) and Spanish (Cortes, 2008). This paper explores the use of lexical bundles in Portuguese academic writing in two disciplinary groups, life sciences and humanities. Using a corpus of research articles written by Brazilian scientists, four-word bundles were extracted and compared for their function (Biber; Conrad; Cortes, 2004) and structure (Biber; Johansson; Leech; Conrad; Finegan, 1999). The results of this study indicate that writing …
Ai Or Student Writing? Analyzing The Situational And Linguistic Characteristics Of Undergraduate Student Writing And Ai-Generated Assignments, Larissa Goulart, Marine Laísa Matte, Alanna Mendoza, Lee Alvarado, Ingrid Veloso
Ai Or Student Writing? Analyzing The Situational And Linguistic Characteristics Of Undergraduate Student Writing And Ai-Generated Assignments, Larissa Goulart, Marine Laísa Matte, Alanna Mendoza, Lee Alvarado, Ingrid Veloso
Department of Linguistics Faculty Scholarship and Creative Works
Since the release of OpenAI's ChatGPT, universities have faced the issue of whether there is still a place for written assignments in higher education. ChatGPT's capacity to mimic various written forms raises questions about the necessity of traditional assessments. Given this background, this study explores to what extent AI-generated assignments can replicate the situational and linguistic features of student-authored assignments. Using a corpus of undergraduate assignments from an English as a Foreign Language (EFL) context, we compare student responses with ChatGPT's outputs. Employing a register approach, we analyze the situational and linguistic characteristics of texts across three different registers—essays, critiques, …
Young Children’S Directed Question Asking In Preschool Classrooms, Michelle Wong, Koeun Choi, Libby Barak, Elizabeth Lapidow, Jennifer Austin, Patrick Shafto, Elizabeth Bonawitz
Young Children’S Directed Question Asking In Preschool Classrooms, Michelle Wong, Koeun Choi, Libby Barak, Elizabeth Lapidow, Jennifer Austin, Patrick Shafto, Elizabeth Bonawitz
Department of Linguistics Faculty Scholarship and Creative Works
Question asking is a prevalent aspect of children’s speech, providing a means by which young learners can rapidly gain information about the world. Previous research has demonstrated that children exhibit sensitivity to the knowledge state of potential informants in laboratory settings. However, it remains unclear whether and how young children are inclined to direct questions that support learning deeper content to more knowledgeable informants in naturalistic classroom contexts. In this study, we examined children’s question-asking targets (adults, other preschoolers, self-talk) during an open-play period in a US preschool classroom and assessed how the cognitive and linguistic characteristics of questions varied …
The Development Of Children's Causal Language, Karima Elgamal
The Development Of Children's Causal Language, Karima Elgamal
Theses, Dissertations and Culminating Projects
In order to talk about mechanical support (e.g., girl adheres a picture to a box), children must not only represent the relevant components (actor, action, figure, spatial relation, ground) but also map them onto linguistic structures (e.g., NP, VP, NP, PP). Although research has explored how children linguistically encode states of mechanical support (picture adhering to box), little research has explored how children encode mechanical support events - representations that involve knowledge of event causality as well as states (the picture adheres to a box because the girl used an adhesive mechanism). The current study tests whether children 3-to 5-years …
Vulnerability Of Semantic Networks In Multiple Sclerosis: An Analysis Of Verbal Fluency Data, Sophia Lall
Vulnerability Of Semantic Networks In Multiple Sclerosis: An Analysis Of Verbal Fluency Data, Sophia Lall
Theses, Dissertations and Culminating Projects
Word finding difficulty is a frequently reported subjective cognitive concern among persons with Multiple Sclerosis (pwMS). Word-finding relies on several information retrieval processes, including search and retrieval from the conceptual store, the phonological store, the syllabary, as well as other stores of information. Neuropsychological assessments, including the semantic verbal fluency measure, can be used to measure word retrieval abilities. Despite this, the MS research literature shows that neuropsychological assessment of semantic verbal fluency yields mixed results in detecting word-finding difficulties. While some studies report finding statistically lower semantic fluency scores in pwMS relative to healthy controls (HC), others found no …
Developing 240 Spanish Word Pair Stimuli For A Psycholinguistic Experiment, Francisco Villa
Developing 240 Spanish Word Pair Stimuli For A Psycholinguistic Experiment, Francisco Villa
Student Research Symposium
Metaphors are linguistically interesting because they involve going beyond literal interpretation. For example, “night owl” can refer to an animal or a person who is active at night. Psycholinguistic researchers investigating metaphor comprehension must develop sets of stimuli (linguistic items used in experiments) that include metaphors and literal items as a baseline. One approach is to use metaphorical word pairs, because it lets researchers control several important variables, including how frequent words are within the language. For the first time, we have created a set of word pair stimuli in Spanish, which is particularly challenging because most metaphors consist of …
Examining The Source Of Island Effects In Native Speakers And Second Language Learners Of English, Saad Aldosari, Lauren Covey, Alison Gabriele
Examining The Source Of Island Effects In Native Speakers And Second Language Learners Of English, Saad Aldosari, Lauren Covey, Alison Gabriele
Department of Linguistics Faculty Scholarship and Creative Works
We investigate sensitivity to island constraints in English native speakers and Najdi Arabic learners of English, examining (1) whether second language (L2) learners whose native language (L1) does not instantiate overt wh-movement are sensitive to island constraints and (2) the source of island effects. Under a grammatical account of islands, these effects arise due to violations of syntactic constraints. Under the resource-limitation account, island effects arise due to processing difficulty. The source of island effects is interesting to examine in L2 learners because it is possible that reduced processing abilities in the L2 may lead to the low acceptance of …
Exploring Language Patterns: Integrating Corpus Linguistics In The Pedagogical Grammar Class, Larissa Goulart
Exploring Language Patterns: Integrating Corpus Linguistics In The Pedagogical Grammar Class, Larissa Goulart
Department of Linguistics Faculty Scholarship and Creative Works
No abstract provided.
Kxanuw! (Miichuwaakan Waak Aweeyayusak), Kira Fucci, Camilla Bager
Kxanuw! (Miichuwaakan Waak Aweeyayusak), Kira Fucci, Camilla Bager
Games
Kxanuw! (I have it!) is modeled after bingo. This version allows players to practice plant and animal names, engaging listening comprehension, speaking, and visual recognition. The game kit includes instructions, a caller's card, and printable player cards.
Nii Neemun..., Johanna Tumux, Hannah Nosch
Nii Neemun..., Johanna Tumux, Hannah Nosch
Games
Nii Neemun... (I Spy...) is designed for use inside a classroom, where learners can practice hearing and naming the objects that surround them. This game includes a full set of instructions, a learner worksheet, and an answer key, as well as recommendations for adjusting play for beginning and more experienced participants.
A Quantitative Analysis Of Inner Speech Between Monolingual And Bilingual Speakers, Thomas Sears
A Quantitative Analysis Of Inner Speech Between Monolingual And Bilingual Speakers, Thomas Sears
Theses, Dissertations and Culminating Projects
Inner speech is an individual’s silent, inner monologue; a growing amount of evidence indicates that inner speech is very common among both monolingual and multilingual speakers. Studies have shown that important cognitive functions are involved in inner speech pertaining to psychological development, however connections between inner speech and language acquisition/usage across speakers have been less of a focus. This study investigates the frequency and degree to which inner speech is used between monolingual English speakers and early-onset bilingual English/Spanish speakers by using a survey called the Revised-Varieties of Inner Speech Questionnaire (VISQ-R) by Alderson-Day et al. (2018). The aim of …
The Language Of Mechanical Support In Children: Is It ‘Sticking’, ‘Hanging’, Or Simply ‘On’?, Julia Marie Hauss
The Language Of Mechanical Support In Children: Is It ‘Sticking’, ‘Hanging’, Or Simply ‘On’?, Julia Marie Hauss
Theses, Dissertations and Culminating Projects
Research has found that children begin to differentiate in the terms they use to encode support. In English, BE on, the Basic Locative Construction (Levinson & Wilkins, 2006; “put on” in dynamic events) tends to encode support-from-below (e.g., cup on table), whereas lexical support verbs (e.g., hang, stick, tape, glue, etc.) tend to encode mechanical support. We see this differentiation in semantic space by six years of age (Johannes et al., 2016). Although this differentiation occurs, we can still use BE on to encode all types of support, just as we can use a variety of lexical verbs (e.g., the …
Language Switch Costs In Urdu-English Bilinguals : A Behavioral Study, Ranjeeta Mahraj
Language Switch Costs In Urdu-English Bilinguals : A Behavioral Study, Ranjeeta Mahraj
Theses, Dissertations and Culminating Projects
This study examines language switch costs, as there is a recent body of work showing that there are behavioral "costs" involved when bilinguals switch between their two languages. A particular point of debate concerns symmetry, regarding whether it is more costly (i.e., takes longer) to switch from one of a bilinguals’ languages to the other, or vice versa. In the current study, a partial replication of (Struck & Jiang, 2022), data was collected online from 90 Urdu- English bilinguals living in the US and Pakistan on a language background questionnaire, and a Lexical Decision Task (LDT), designed to measure the …
Metaphor Detection In Poems In Misurata Arabic Sub-Dialect : An Lstm Model, Azza Abugharsa
Metaphor Detection In Poems In Misurata Arabic Sub-Dialect : An Lstm Model, Azza Abugharsa
Theses, Dissertations and Culminating Projects
Natural Language Processing (NLP) in Arabic is witnessing an increasing interest in investigating different topics in the field. One of the topics that have drawn attention is the automatic processing of Arabic figurative language. The focus in previous projects is on detecting and interpreting metaphors in comments from social media as well as phrases and/or headlines from news articles. The current project focuses on metaphor detection in poems written in the Misurata Arabic sub-dialect spoken in Misurata, located in the North African region. The dataset is initially annotated by a group of linguists, and their annotation is treated as the …
Searching For Pets: Using Distributional And Sentiment-Based Methods To Find Potentially Euphemistic Terms, Patrick Lee, Martha Gavidia, Anna Feldman, Jing Peng
Searching For Pets: Using Distributional And Sentiment-Based Methods To Find Potentially Euphemistic Terms, Patrick Lee, Martha Gavidia, Anna Feldman, Jing Peng
Department of Computer Science Faculty Scholarship and Creative Works
This paper presents a linguistically driven proof of concept for finding potentially euphemistic terms, or PETs. Acknowledging that PETs tend to be commonly used expressions for a certain range of sensitive topics, we make use of distributional similarities to select and filter phrase candidates from a sentence and rank them using a set of simple sentiment-based metrics. We present the results of our approach tested on a corpus of sentences containing euphemisms, demonstrating its efficacy for detecting single and multi-word PETs from a broad range of topics. We also discuss future potential for sentiment-based methods on this task.
A Report On The Euphemisms Detection Shared Task, Patrick Lee, Anna Feldman, Jing Peng
A Report On The Euphemisms Detection Shared Task, Patrick Lee, Anna Feldman, Jing Peng
Department of Computer Science Faculty Scholarship and Creative Works
This paper presents The Shared Task on Euphemism Detection for the Third Workshop on Figurative Language Processing (FigLang 2022) held in conjunction with EMNLP 2022. Participants were invited to investigate the euphemism detection task: given input text, identify whether it contains a euphemism. The input data is a corpus of sentences containing potentially euphemistic terms (PETs) collected from the GloWbE corpus (Davies and Fuchs, 2015), and are human-annotated as containing either a euphemistic or literal usage of a PET. In this paper, we present the results and analyze the common themes, methods and findings of the participating teams.
Finding The Means : The Bilingual Disparity In Semantic Context Use For Processing, Iyad Ghanim
Finding The Means : The Bilingual Disparity In Semantic Context Use For Processing, Iyad Ghanim
Theses, Dissertations and Culminating Projects
Early and late bilinguals both differ in the speed with which they comprehend language or in their processing of sentences compared to monolinguals. This is possibly a result of crosslanguage interference, differential allocation of cognitive resources, or some other difference in language-dependent processes. This dissertation presents research and review focusing on one such language dependent process — the use of sentential context and lexical-associative semantic information — to process sentences. In a series of studies, 34 bilinguals and 28 monolinguals complete a retroactive masked priming task, which provides an isolated measure of the use of semantic information to backwards recognize …
Cats Are Fuzzy Pets: A Corpus And Analysis Of Potentially Euphemistic Terms, Martha Gavidia, Patrick Lee, Anna Feldman, Jing Peng
Cats Are Fuzzy Pets: A Corpus And Analysis Of Potentially Euphemistic Terms, Martha Gavidia, Patrick Lee, Anna Feldman, Jing Peng
Department of Computer Science Faculty Scholarship and Creative Works
Euphemisms have not received much attention in natural language processing, despite being an important element of polite and figurative language. Euphemisms prove to be a difficult topic, not only because they are subject to language change, but also because humans may not agree on what is a euphemism and what is not. Nonetheless, the first step to tackling the issue is to collect and analyze examples of euphemisms. We present a corpus of potentially euphemistic terms (PETs) along with example texts from the GloWbE corpus. Additionally, we present a subcorpus of texts where these PETs are not being used euphemistically, …
Register Variation In Understudied Academic Contexts, Larissa Goulart
Register Variation In Understudied Academic Contexts, Larissa Goulart
Department of Linguistics Faculty Scholarship and Creative Works
A major focus of register research has been language variation in academic discourse. These studies describe patterns of language use in spoken and written academic texts. Although there have been numerous studies of this type, most have focused on academic registers in English and on descriptions of published academic registers (e.g. textbooks, research articles, and abstracts). Much less work has been caried out on academic registers in other languages or unpublished academic registers. This special issue presents five studies describing the language patterns of understudied academic discourse in English (learners’ writing and statutory law), as well as descriptions of published …
Towards Better Structured And Less Noisy Web Data: Oscar With Register Annotations, Veronika Laippala, Anna Salmela, Samuel Rönnqvist, Alham Fikri Aji, Li Hsin Chang, Asma Dhifallah, Larissa Goulart, Henna Kortelainen, Marc Pàmies, Deise Prina Dutra, Valtteri Skantsi, Lintang Sutawika, Sampo Pyysalo
Towards Better Structured And Less Noisy Web Data: Oscar With Register Annotations, Veronika Laippala, Anna Salmela, Samuel Rönnqvist, Alham Fikri Aji, Li Hsin Chang, Asma Dhifallah, Larissa Goulart, Henna Kortelainen, Marc Pàmies, Deise Prina Dutra, Valtteri Skantsi, Lintang Sutawika, Sampo Pyysalo
Department of Linguistics Faculty Scholarship and Creative Works
Web-crawled datasets are known to be noisy, as they feature a wide range of language use covering both user-generated and professionally edited content as well as noise originating from the crawling process. This article presents one solution to reduce this noise by using automatic register (genre) identification-whether the texts are, e.g., forum discussions, lyrical or how-to pages. We apply the multilingual register identification model by Rönnqvist et al. (2021) and label the widely used Oscar dataset. Additionally, we evaluate the model against eight new languages, showing that the performance is comparable to previous findings on a restricted set of languages. …
Racial And Gender Discrimination Predict Mental Health Outcomes Among Healthcare Workers Beyond Pandemic-Related Stressors: Findings From A Cross-Sectional Survey, Rachel Hennein, Jessica Bonumwezi, Max Jordan Nguemeni Tiako, Petty Tineo, Sarah R. Lowe
Racial And Gender Discrimination Predict Mental Health Outcomes Among Healthcare Workers Beyond Pandemic-Related Stressors: Findings From A Cross-Sectional Survey, Rachel Hennein, Jessica Bonumwezi, Max Jordan Nguemeni Tiako, Petty Tineo, Sarah R. Lowe
Department of Psychology Faculty Scholarship and Creative Works
Racial and gender discrimination are risk factors for adverse mental health outcomes in the general population; however, the effects of discrimination on the mental health of healthcare workers needs to be further explored, especially in relation to competing stressors. Thus, we administered a survey to healthcare workers to investigate the associations between perceived racial and gender discrimination and symptoms of depression, anxiety, posttraumatic stress, and burnout during a period of substantial stressors related to the COVID-19 pandemic and a national racial reckoning. We used multivariable linear regression models, which controlled for demographics and pandemic-related stressors. Of the 997 participants (Mean …
Creating A Theoretical Framework To Underpin Discourse Assessment And Intervention In Aphasia, Lucy Dipper, Jane Marshall, Mary Boyle, Deborah Hersh, Nicola Botting, Madeline Cruice
Creating A Theoretical Framework To Underpin Discourse Assessment And Intervention In Aphasia, Lucy Dipper, Jane Marshall, Mary Boyle, Deborah Hersh, Nicola Botting, Madeline Cruice
Department of Communication Sciences and Disorders Faculty Scholarship and Creative Works
Discourse (a unit of language longer than a single sentence) is fundamental to everyday communication. People with aphasia (a language impairment occurring most frequently after stroke, or other brain damage) have communication difficulties which lead to less complete, less coherent, and less complex discourse. Although there are multiple reviews of discourse assessment and an emerging evidence base for discourse intervention, there is no unified theoretical framework to underpin this research. Instead, disparate theories are recruited to explain different aspects of discourse impairment, or symptoms are reported without a hypothesis about the cause. What is needed is a theoretical framework that …
Findings Of The Nlp4if-2021 Shared Tasks On Fighting The Covid-19 Infodemic And Censorship Detection, Shaden Shaar, Firoj Alam, Giovanni Da San Martino, Alex Nikolov, Wajdi Zaghouani, Preslav Nakov, Anna Feldman
Findings Of The Nlp4if-2021 Shared Tasks On Fighting The Covid-19 Infodemic And Censorship Detection, Shaden Shaar, Firoj Alam, Giovanni Da San Martino, Alex Nikolov, Wajdi Zaghouani, Preslav Nakov, Anna Feldman
Department of Computer Science Faculty Scholarship and Creative Works
We present the results and the main findings of the NLP4IF-2021 shared tasks. Task 1 focused on fighting the COVID-19 infodemic in social media, and it was offered in Arabic, Bulgarian, and English. Given a tweet, it asked to predict whether that tweet contains a verifiable claim, and if so, whether it is likely to be false, is of general interest, is likely to be harmful, and is worthy of manual fact-checking; also, whether it is harmful to society, and whether it requires the attention of policy makers. Task 2 focused on censorship detection, and was offered in Chinese. A …
Examining Variability In The Processing Of Agreement In Novice Learners: Evidence From Event-Related Potentials, Alison Gabriele, José Alemán Bañón, Lesa Hoffman, Lauren Covey, Amy Rossomondo, Robert Fiorentino
Examining Variability In The Processing Of Agreement In Novice Learners: Evidence From Event-Related Potentials, Alison Gabriele, José Alemán Bañón, Lesa Hoffman, Lauren Covey, Amy Rossomondo, Robert Fiorentino
Department of Linguistics Faculty Scholarship and Creative Works
The present study examines both properties of the language and properties of the learner to better understand variability at the earliest stages of second language (L2) acquisition. We used event-related potentials, an oral production task, and a battery of individual differences measures to examine the processing of number and gender agreement in two groups of low-proficiency English-speaking learners of Spanish who were tested in multiple sessions. The results showed an advantage for number, the feature also instantiated in the native language, as both groups showed a native-like P600 response to subject–verb and noun–adjective number violations across sessions. The more advanced …