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Articles 1 - 30 of 51
Full-Text Articles in Criminology and Criminal Justice
Chronic Early Absenteeism: Preliminary Analysis Of Kisd Public School Attendance Policies, Christine Yalda, Erica Curry Van Ee
Chronic Early Absenteeism: Preliminary Analysis Of Kisd Public School Attendance Policies, Christine Yalda, Erica Curry Van Ee
Christine A. Yalda
No abstract provided.
Moving Beyond Our Methodological Default: A Case For Mixed Methods, John Brent, Peter Kraska
Moving Beyond Our Methodological Default: A Case For Mixed Methods, John Brent, Peter Kraska
Peter Kraska
Within criminal justice/criminology exists a host of available research methods that generally default along qualitative and quantitative lines. Studying crime and justice phenomena, then, generally involves choosing one approach or the other. Although this binary tradition of qualitative vs. quantitative has predominated, our field's methodological infrastructure has recently demonstrated a willingness to adopt more inclusive practices. The purpose of this study is to discuss the nascent yet probable transformation of re-orienting our field toward a new paradigm of inclusiveness that acknowledges the use of mixed methods research as being both legitimate and beneficial. This paper examines the role methodological exclusivism …
Cohabiting, Family And Community Stressors, Selection, And Juvenile Delinquency, Christopher Kierkus, Brian Johnson, John Hewitt
Cohabiting, Family And Community Stressors, Selection, And Juvenile Delinquency, Christopher Kierkus, Brian Johnson, John Hewitt
Christopher A. Kierkus
Prior research has established that children from traditional, two-parent nuclear families experience a lower risk of delinquency than children raised in alternative family structures. However, many studies have ignored the effect of parental cohabiting on delinquent development. A growing body of research suggests that cohabiting (even among biological parents) may be harmful to children. This study tests the hypothesis that cohabiting is associated with four different types of delinquent behavior. It examines two theoretical models, a family stress model and a community stress/selection model, as possible explanations of ‘‘the cohabiting effect.’’ The analysis reveals that cohabiting is generally associated with …
Girls And Boys, Apples And Oranges: A Theoretically Informed Analysis Of Gender-Specific Predictors Of Delinquency, Charlene Taylor-Kindrick
Girls And Boys, Apples And Oranges: A Theoretically Informed Analysis Of Gender-Specific Predictors Of Delinquency, Charlene Taylor-Kindrick
Charlene Y. Taylor
A widely accepted tenet of corrections is the necessity of the effective assessment and the targeting of offender needs to reduce recidivism. In large part, current assessment tools and correctional practice have been based on theories and characteristics of male offending. However, some theorists argue that correctional assessment and intervention should be gender specific, based on the premise that the risk factors for delinquency and crime differ between males and females. This dissertation will identify and compare the risk factors for male and female juvenile offenders in large Midwestern city. Examining a sample of juveniles under various levels of community …
A Preliminary Evaluation: Demographic And Clinical Profiles And Changes In Functioning In Children Receiving Psychosocial Rehabilitation, Bonnie L. Davis Kenaley, Nathaniel J. Williams
A Preliminary Evaluation: Demographic And Clinical Profiles And Changes In Functioning In Children Receiving Psychosocial Rehabilitation, Bonnie L. Davis Kenaley, Nathaniel J. Williams
Bonnie Kenaley
The present study is the first to examine the demographic and clinical profiles at intake of children with emotional disturbances who received Child Psychosocial Rehabilitation (CPSR), a relatively new treatment for children suffering with emotional disturbance(ED). Fifty-three children ranging in age from 4 to 18 years received CPSR from a for-profit outpatient child and adolescent mental health clinic located in southwestern Idaho for a minimum of six months. The children's demographic and clinical profiles were examined. In addition, the relationship between the relative change in psychological, emotional, and behavioral functioning as measured by CAFAS (Hodges, 1989, 1994) and PECFAS (Hodges, …
Sunday Liquor Laws And Crime, Paul Heaton
Sunday Liquor Laws And Crime, Paul Heaton
Paul Heaton
Many jurisdictions have considered relaxing Sunday alcohol sales restrictions, yet such restrictions' effects on public health remain poorly understood. This paper analyzes the effects of legalization of Sunday packaged liquor sales on crime, focusing on the phased introduction of such sales in Virginia beginning in 2004. Differences-in-differences and triple-differences estimates indicate the liberalization increased minor crime by 5% and alcoholinvolved serious crime by 10%. The law change did not affect domestic crime or induce significant geographic or inter-temporal crime displacement. The costs of this additional crime are comparable to the state's revenues from increased liquor sales.
Cook County Sheriff's Reentry Council Newsletter, October 2010, David E. Olson
Cook County Sheriff's Reentry Council Newsletter, October 2010, David E. Olson
David E. Olson
No abstract provided.
The Csi Effect On The Public Perception Of Police Response To Crime, Brian Kingshott
The Csi Effect On The Public Perception Of Police Response To Crime, Brian Kingshott
Brian F. Kingshott
No abstract provided.
Toolkit On Police Integrity, Brian Kingshott
Toolkit On Police Integrity, Brian Kingshott
Brian F. Kingshott
Roundtable discussion and presentations by all authors of Toolkit on Police Integrity
Unbundling Of Legal Services: Selected Resources, Ruth Stevens
Unbundling Of Legal Services: Selected Resources, Ruth Stevens
Ruth Stevens
No abstract provided.
Phenomena Of Erosion Of The States' Monopoly On The Legitimate Use Of Physical Force And Of The Privatization Of Police Competences, Brian Kingshott
Phenomena Of Erosion Of The States' Monopoly On The Legitimate Use Of Physical Force And Of The Privatization Of Police Competences, Brian Kingshott
Brian F. Kingshott
No abstract provided.
Fairness And The Willingness To Accept Plea Bargain Offers, Oren Gazal-Ayal, Avishalom Tor, Stephen M. Garcia
Fairness And The Willingness To Accept Plea Bargain Offers, Oren Gazal-Ayal, Avishalom Tor, Stephen M. Garcia
Oren Gazal-Ayal
In contrast with the typical assumption in plea bargaining law and economics, we show defendants may reject plea offers based on fairness considerations. Specifically, offers where the sanction clearly appears excessive for the crime ("substantively unfair") and offers that appear inferior to those received by others in similar cases ("comparatively unfair") diminish defendants' wiliingness to accept plea offers (WTAP). Part 1 analyzes real-world data in Study 1 and reviews early experiments, all of which sugget substantive fairness impacts WTAP but do not control for important confounds. Part 2 therefore presents Studies 2-4 that confirm the independent impact of substantive fairness. …
Expanding The Role Of Patrol In Criminal Investigations: Houston’S Investigative First Responder Project, Dennis Kenney, Michael White, Marc Ruffinengo
Expanding The Role Of Patrol In Criminal Investigations: Houston’S Investigative First Responder Project, Dennis Kenney, Michael White, Marc Ruffinengo
Marc A. Ruffinengo
Research in the late 1970s discovered two on-going problems with criminal investigations. The first problem involved the inefficiency in the work done by detectives, and the second centered on the misunderstood role of patrol officers in those investigations. In recognition of these ongoing problems, the Houston police department (HPD) sought to improve its investigative capacity and effectiveness through the Investigative First Responder (IFR) project, a pilot program initiated in early 2007 that specially trained and reassigned 45 patrol officers to investigative status so that they could assume responsibility for Part 1 crimes. This article examined the impact of the IFR …
Putting Forfeiture To Work, Sarah M. Buel
Putting Forfeiture To Work, Sarah M. Buel
SARAH M BUEL
Intimate partner violence (“IPV”) victims are increasingly turning to the courts for help, too often with poor results. Successful witness tampering by offenders sabotages the court system by silencing victims through an array of unlawful conduct, including coercion and violence. The doctrine of forfeiture by wrongdoing should afford a viable solution, but several obstacles constrain its efficacy. Much confusion exists regarding witness tampering and forfeiture law as a result of the recent trilogy of the Crawford, Davis, and Giles Supreme Court decisions. Their cumulative effect is decreased doctrinal uniformity within a perplexing scheme that is difficult to implement. The resulting …
Development Of A Dna Database In Ireland — Assessing The Proposed Legislation, Liz Campbell
Development Of A Dna Database In Ireland — Assessing The Proposed Legislation, Liz Campbell
Liz Campbell
The collection and retention of DNA samples are seen universally as crucial for purposes of criminal investigation and prosecution, as a means of excluding innocent suspects, and of exonerating the wrongfully convicted. However, there is less consistency across jurisdictions regarding whose DNA should be obtained by the state and for how long it should be stored. The need for a measured approach in this context is underlined by the “exceptionalism” of genetic material, given the depth and sensitivity of the information contained within, and the potential for “function creep”, whereby state powers insidiously increase and data gathered for one purpose …
Engaging The Muslim World, Brian Kingshott
Serious Crime: Managing The Media, Brian Kingshott
Serious Crime: Managing The Media, Brian Kingshott
Brian F. Kingshott
No abstract provided.
Softe Praat, Efficiënte Remedies, Jenneke Christiaens
Softe Praat, Efficiënte Remedies, Jenneke Christiaens
Jenneke Christiaens
No abstract provided.
Cook County Sheriff's Reentry Council Newsletter, Feb. 2010, David E. Olson
Cook County Sheriff's Reentry Council Newsletter, Feb. 2010, David E. Olson
David E. Olson
No abstract provided.
The Prüm Regime: Situated Dis/Empowerment In Transnational Dna Profile Exchange, Barbara Prainsack, Victor Toom
The Prüm Regime: Situated Dis/Empowerment In Transnational Dna Profile Exchange, Barbara Prainsack, Victor Toom
victor toom
This paper takes critique of surveillance studies scholars of the shortcomings of the panoptic model for analysing contemporary systems of surveillance as a starting point. We argue that core conceptual tools, in conjunction with an under-conceptualization of agency, privilege a focus on the oppressive elements of surveillance. This often yields unsatisfying insights to why surveillance works, for whom, and at whose costs. We discuss the so-called Prüm regime, pertaining to transnational data exchange for forensic and police use in the EU, to illustrate how—by articulating instances of what we call ‘situated dis/empowerment’—agency can be better conceptualized, sharpening our gaze for …
Measuring Crack Cocaine And Its Impact, Roland Fryer, Paul Heaton, Steven Levitt, Kevin Murphy
Measuring Crack Cocaine And Its Impact, Roland Fryer, Paul Heaton, Steven Levitt, Kevin Murphy
Paul Heaton
A wide range of social indicators turned sharply negative for Blacks in the late 1980s and began to rebound roughly a decade later. We explore whether the rise and fall of crack cocaine can explain these patterns. Absent a direct measure of crack cocaine’s prevalence, we construct an index based on a range of indirect proxies (cocaine arrests, cocaine-related emergency room visits, cocaine-induced drug deaths, crack mentions in newspapers, and DEA drug busts). The crack index we construct reproduces many of the spatial and temporal patterns described in ethnographic and popular accounts of the crack epidemic. We find that our …
The Susceptibility Of Juveniles To False Confessions And False Guilty Pleas, Allison D. Redlich
The Susceptibility Of Juveniles To False Confessions And False Guilty Pleas, Allison D. Redlich
Allison D Redlich
No abstract provided.
Self-Reported False Confessions And False Guilty Pleas Among Offenders With Mental Illness, Allison D. Redlich, Alicia Summers, Steven Hoover
Self-Reported False Confessions And False Guilty Pleas Among Offenders With Mental Illness, Allison D. Redlich, Alicia Summers, Steven Hoover
Allison D Redlich
No abstract provided.
Enrollment In Mental Health Courts: Voluntariness, Knowingness, And Adjudicative Competence, Allison D. Redlich, Steven Hoover, Alicia Summers, Henry J. Steadman
Enrollment In Mental Health Courts: Voluntariness, Knowingness, And Adjudicative Competence, Allison D. Redlich, Steven Hoover, Alicia Summers, Henry J. Steadman
Allison D Redlich
No abstract provided.
False Confessions, False Guilty Pleas: Similiarities And Differences, Allison D. Redlich
False Confessions, False Guilty Pleas: Similiarities And Differences, Allison D. Redlich
Allison D Redlich
No abstract provided.
Let My People Go: Ethnic In-Group Bias In Judicial Decisions – Evidence From A Randomized Natural Experiment, Oren Gazal-Ayal, Raanan Sulitzeanu-Kenan
Let My People Go: Ethnic In-Group Bias In Judicial Decisions – Evidence From A Randomized Natural Experiment, Oren Gazal-Ayal, Raanan Sulitzeanu-Kenan
Oren Gazal-Ayal
Does ethnic identity affect judicial decisions? We provide new evidence on ethnic biases in judicial behavior, by examining the decisions of Arab and Jewish judges in first bail hearings of Arab and Jewish suspects in Israeli courts. Our setting avoids the potential bias from unobservable case characteristics by exploiting the random assignment of judges to cases during weekends, and by focusing on the difference in ethnic disparity between Arab and Jewish judges. The study concentrates on the early-stage decisions in the judicial criminal process, controlling for the state's position, and excluding agreements, thereby allowing us to distinguish judicial bias from …
Customary International Law In The 21st Century: Old Challenges And New Debates, Roozbeh (Rudy) B. Baker
Customary International Law In The 21st Century: Old Challenges And New Debates, Roozbeh (Rudy) B. Baker
Roozbeh (Rudy) B. Baker
This Article will survey the new scholarship that has emerged in international law to challenge the two traditional sources of customary norms, state practice and opinio juris. With the recent growth, in the international system, of self-contained international criminal tribunals, new challenges facing international law have emerged. Institutionally structured as self-contained legal regimes, international legal tribunals such as the ICTY, ICTR, and now the ICC have nevertheless contributed to a new paradigm within international law. The jurisprudence of these international criminal tribunals, on a wide range of international legal questions, has slowly begun to be elevated into norms of customary …
New Developments In Developmental Research On Social Information Processing And Antisocial Behavior, Reid G. Fontaine
New Developments In Developmental Research On Social Information Processing And Antisocial Behavior, Reid G. Fontaine
Reid G. Fontaine
The Special Section on developmental research on social information processing (SIP) and antisocial behavior is here introduced. Following a brief history of SIP theory, comments on several themes—measurement and assessment, attributional and interpretational style, response evaluation and decision, and the relation between emotion and SIP—that tie together four new empirical investigations are provided. Notable contributions of these studies are highlighted.
In Self-Defense Regarding Self-Defense: A Rejoinder To Professor Corrado, Reid G. Fontaine
In Self-Defense Regarding Self-Defense: A Rejoinder To Professor Corrado, Reid G. Fontaine
Reid G. Fontaine
This is a rejoinder to Professor Corrado in the upcoming special section of the American Criminal Law Review on the nature, structure, and function of self-defense and defense of others law.
Does Response Evaluation And Decision (Red) Mediate The Relation Between Hostile Attributional Style And Antisocial Behavior In Adolescence?, Reid G. Fontaine
Does Response Evaluation And Decision (Red) Mediate The Relation Between Hostile Attributional Style And Antisocial Behavior In Adolescence?, Reid G. Fontaine
Reid G. Fontaine
The role of hostile attributional style (HAS) in antisocial development has been well-documented. We analyzed longitudinal data on 585 youths (48% female; 19% ethnic minority) to test the hypothesis that response evaluation and decision (RED) mediates the relation between HAS and antisocial behavior in adolescence. In Grades 10 and 12, adolescent participants and their parents reported participants’ antisocial conduct. In Grade 11, participants were asked to imagine themselves in videotaped ambiguous-provocation scenarios. Segment 1 of each scenario presented an ambiguous provocation, after which participants answered HAS questions. In segment 2, participants were asked to imagine themselves responding aggressively to the …