Legal Studies Commons^™

The Effects Of Parental Incarceration On Children: An Examination Of Delinquency And Criminality, School Performance And Alcohol And Drug Usage, Dionne Peniston

Criminology & Criminal Justice Theses - Archive

This study investigates the effects of parental incarceration on children and youth. The main objectives of this study are to validate previous research on delinquency and criminality, and poor school performance of youth whose parents have been under correctional supervision (jail or/and probation). In addition, this study aims to examine the prevalence of drug and alcohol use in this population. This study utilizes the data set from the Children at Risk Program. This program was a drug and delinquency prevention program that was implemented in 1992 to 1996. The electronic data set was obtained from the National Archive of Criminal …

Recent Efforts To Make Nebraska Juries More Representative Of Their Communities, Carly Duvall, Elizabeth Neeley

Criminology and Criminal Justice Faculty Publications

According to the Minority and Justice Task Force Report (2003), “the majority of Nebraskans believe that it is important that juries reflect the racial and ethnic makeup of the community.”

Mugshot Exposure Effects: Retroactive Interference, Mugshot Commitment, Source Confusion, And Unconscious Transference, Kenneth A. Deffenbacher, Brian H. Bornstein, Steven D. Penrod

Psychology Faculty Publications

More than 25 years of research has accumulated concerning the possible biasing effects of mugshot exposure to eyewitnesses. Two separate metaanalyses were conducted on 32 independent tests of the hypothesis that prior mugshot exposure decreases witness accuracy at a subsequent lineup. Mugshot exposure both significantly decreased proportion correct and increased the false alarm rate, the effect being greater on false alarms. A mugshot commitment effect, arising from the identification of someone in a mugshot, was a substantial moderator of both these effects. Simple retroactive interference, where the target person is not included among mugshots and no one in a mugshot …

Female Vs. Male Serial Killers: An Analysis Of Characteristic Traits And Typologies, Meyoshia Passion Ta' Sasha Powell

Masters Theses and Doctoral Dissertations

This paper examines the various differences between female and male serial killers. The central research question considers whether males and females compare as to major characteristic traits and typologies of serial murder? To explore possible differences, a content analysis was conducted. The major characteristic traits and typologies of serial killers contained in the extant literature were compared to a sample of female and male serial murderers. Analyses reveal that male serial killers possess more generalized traits as compared to female killers. In sum, there is a need to advance more gender relevant models.

Paper Session V: Steganography And Terrorist Communications - Current Information And Trends - Tools, Analysis And Future Directions In Steganalysis In Context With Terrorists And Other Criminals, William Eyre, Marcus Rogers

Annual ADFSL Conference on Digital Forensics, Security and Law

In ancient times, users communicated using steganography, “…derived from the Greek words steganos, meaning ‘covered’, and graphein, meaning ‘to write.’” (Singh, 1999, p.5) Steganography facilitates secret, undetected communication. In modern times, in the context of the Global War on Terror, national intelligence and law enforcement agencies need tools to detect hidden information (steganography) in various types of media, most specifically to uncover the placement of hidden information in images. This paper will look at steganography in general terms, presenting the theory of some common steganographic techniques and touching on some theoretical work in steganography. Then a discussion of how to …

Paper Session V: Forensic Software Tools For Cell Phone Subscriber Identity Modules, Wayne Jansen, Rick Ayers

Annual ADFSL Conference on Digital Forensics, Security and Law

Cell phones and other handheld devices incorporating cell phone capabilities (e.g., smart phones) are ubiquitous. Besides placing calls, cell phones allow users to perform other tasks such as text messaging and phonebook entry management. When cell phones and cellular devices are involved in a crime or other incident, forensic specialists require tools that allow the proper retrieval and speedy examination of data present on the device. For devices conforming to the Global System for Mobile Communications (GSM) standards, certain data such as dialed numbers, text messages, and phonebook entries are maintained on a Subscriber Identity Module (SIM). This paper gives …

Paper Session Iv: Development And Delivery Of Coursework - The Legal/Regulatory/Policy Environment Of Cyberforensics, John W. Bagby, John C. Ruhnka

Annual ADFSL Conference on Digital Forensics, Security and Law

This paper describes a cyber-forensics course that integrates important public policy and legal issues as well as relevant forensic techniques. Cyber-forensics refers to the amalgam of multi-disciplinary activities involved in the identification, gathering, handling, custody, use and security of electronic files and records, involving expertise from the forensic domain, and which produces evidence useful in the proof of facts for both commercial and legal activities. The legal and regulatory environment in which electronic discovery takes place is of critical importance to cyber-forensics experts because the legal process imposes both constraints and opportunities for the effective use of evidence gathered through …

Paper Session Iv: Toward Understanding Digital Forensics As A Profession: Defining Curricular Needs (***Research In Process ***), Michelle Wolf, Alan Shafer, Michael Gendron

Annual ADFSL Conference on Digital Forensics, Security and Law

This research paper presents research in process which attempts to define the common body of knowledge (CBK) of digital forensics. Digital forensics is not well defined not does it have a generally accepted CBK. The first three phases of completed research, in a four-phase research process are discussed. The early results have created a preliminary CBK, and final validation is underway.

Paper Session Iii: Research Brief: A Curriculum For Teaching Information Technology Investigative Techniques For Auditors, Grover S. Kearns, Elizabeth V. Mulig

Annual ADFSL Conference on Digital Forensics, Security and Law

Recent prosecutions of highly publicized white-collar crimes combined with public outrage have resulted in heightened regulation and greater emphasis on systems of internal control. Because both white-collar and cybercrimes are usually perpetrated through computers, auditors’ knowledge of information technology (IT) is now more vital than ever. However, preserving digital evidence and investigative techniques, which can be essential to fraud examinations, are not skills frequently taught in accounting programs. Furthermore, many students are not instructed in the use of computer assisted auditing tools and techniques – applications that might uncover fraudulent activity. Only a limited number of university-level accounting classes provide …

Paper Session Ii: Forensic Scene Documentation Using Mobile Technology, Ibrahim Baggili

Annual ADFSL Conference on Digital Forensics, Security and Law

This paper outlines a framework for integrating forensic scene documentation with mobile technology. Currently there are no set standards for documenting a forensic scene. Nonetheless, there is a conceptual framework that forensic scientists and engineers use that includes note taking, scene sketches, photographs, video, and voice interview recordings. This conceptual framework will be the basis that a mobile forensic scene documentation software system is built on. A mobile software system for documenting a forensic scene may help in standardizing forensic scene documentation by regulating the data collection and documentation processes for various forensic disciplines.

Gender Differences In Age Of Onset For Delinquency:Risk Factors And Consequences, Laura M. Gulledge

USF Tampa Graduate Theses and Dissertations

The age of onset of delinquency has long been viewed as a primary indicator for further delinquency and criminality. However, studies on the risk factors for onset, and future delinquency have focused predominantly on males. The purpose of this study was to explore gender differences and similarities in risk factors for onset and frequency of arrest. The data used in these analyses were from a longitudinal study, Pathways to Adulthood: A Three Generational Urban Study, 1960-1994. Sixty-six percent (N=1,758) of the eligible children completed the final survey. Of these children, only 515 were used in this particular study because they …

A New Perspective On Aggression In The Schools: Exploring Parental Aggression Towards Teachers, Lisa Hutchinson Wallace, David May

Kentucky Justice and Safety Research Bulletin

While a substantial amount of research has been devoted to identifying the causal influences and perpetrators of delinquency and victimization among students in the public school setting, similar literature focusing on aggression against teachers is typically concerned only with those instances where the students are the perpetrators. In an exploratory effort to add to that literature, we use data collected from a sample of 544 public school teachers in Kentucky to examine teacher perceptions of the prevalence, predictors, and consequences of problematic parental behavior in schools. Our results suggest, within the limitations of the sample under study, a substantial minority …

Evaluating American Correctional Association Accreditation Of Adult Correctional Institutions, David Ralphs

Criminology & Criminal Justice Theses - Archive

This research study focuses on the impact that accreditation by the American Correctional Association has on violence, crowding, and educational and counseling offerings in adult correctional facilities. Data from the American Correctional Association and the 1995 and 2000 Census of State and Federal Correctional Facilities are studied by joining databases and performing statistical analysis on the resulting data. The resulting analysis reveals negative relationships between ACA accreditation and violence and positive relationships between ACA Accreditation and educational and counseling program offerings in adult correctional institutions.

Divisionews (Spring 2006, Issue 22), American Society Of Criminology Division On Women And Crime

Division on Women and Crime Documents and Correspondence

No abstract provided.

"Does It Take One To Know One?" A Comparison Of Police Recruits' And Sergeants' Perceptions Of A Good Police Officer, Kara K. Hoofnagle

Sociology & Criminal Justice Theses & Dissertations

Police departments strive to hire good officers. However, there is difficulty in defining what constitutes a good police officer. The literature is rife in defining what constitutes a good police officer and characteristics indicative of a good officer. Past research suggests that characteristics of a good police officer may be more than the characteristic itself and that officers' may form their perception of what characteristics good officers harbor based on socialization, the police subculture, and the official police organization.

As such, this study sought to explore the following research question: What differences, if any, exist between police recruits' and sergeants' …

Slavery In The 21st Century, Paul R. Rickert

Faculty Publications and Presentations

This paper briefly examines the modern practice of slavery. It attempts to demonstrate that slavery is a larger problem than most understand, does exist in the United States, and will outline some effective means to combat it.

On Moral Arguments Against A Legal Right To Unilateral Humanitarian Intervention, David Lefkowitz

Philosophy Faculty Publications

As the international response to recent events in Darfur demonstrates, the restriction of authority to intervene to the United Nations poses the greater legal barrier to intervention. From a practical perspective, then, the more pressing question may be whether international law ought to be modified to permit states, or multi-state organizations, to carry out unilateral humanitarian interventions; that is, interventions that are not authorized by the United Nations. The issue here is essentially a moral one: would the incorporation of a right to unilateral humanitarian intervention entail a moral improvement to international law – for example, a decrease in the …

Responding To The Realities Of The Era Of Mass Incarceration In America. Keynote Address At The Public/Private Venture Conference On March 21, 2006 In Houston, Tx., Jeremy Travis

Publications and Research

No abstract provided.

Blawgs, Podcasts, Wikis? Deciphering The Lingo And Evaluating Current Awareness Tools, Carol A. Watson

Presentations

Methods and technology for keeping track of current legal news range from simple to advanced. Simple methods such as becoming familiar with legal news web sites and visiting them regularly are still highly effective. More advanced technologies such as blogs and podcasts offer more diverse methods of delivering information by using sound and video (as opposed to reading plain text). Armed with basic knowledge about these new tools, you can make informed decisions about which technologies can increase your current awareness knowledge.

Professional Integrity In Higher Education: Behind The Green Curtain In The Land Of Oz, Gordon A. Crews, Angela D. West

Criminal Justice Faculty Publications

This article discusses concerns related to professional integrity in academics and to the use of collegiality as an informal criterion for employment and evaluation decisions. We question the nature of the educational enterprise and the academic environment within which both students and faculty operate. We use the AAUP Statement on Professional Ethics to guide our examination of collegiality, and the three traditional areas of faculty evaluation (teaching, scholarship, and service), as they relate to professional integrity. We discuss potential pitfalls in situations involving integrity concerns, and suggest that the use of collegiality in professional decisions is more prevalent and potentially …

Ua12/2/1 College Heights Herald, Vol. 81, No. 30 [35], Wku Student Affairs

WKU Administration Documents

WKU campus newspaper reporting campus, athletic and Bowling Green, Kentucky news. Articles in this issue:

• Paul, Corey. Alpha Gamma Rhos Apologize for Unbecoming Activities
• McNamara, Andrew. Cards May Replace Keys on Campus
• McNamara, Andrew. Inspections Test Food Services
• Bosken, Nina. Gospel Music Fills Downing University Center Theater
• McNamara, Andrew. Parking Solution Unresolved
• New Program a Plus – Homeland Security Science
• Osborne, Jenni. Get Tough on Animal Abusers
• Newton, Paul. Look Within for Better Image
• Lockhart, Dana. Rally Scholarships a Flawed Idea
• Spencer, Anthony. A Poem for Western’s Spirit
• Wilson, Brandon. Hate-Filled Words Do Nothing to Help
• Brandenburg, Katie. Student Government …

Ua12/2/1 College Heights Herald, Vol. 81, No. 29 [33], Wku Student Affairs

WKU Administration Documents

WKU campus newspaper reporting campus, athletic and Bowling Green, Kentucky news. Articles in this issue:

• Gibson, Adam. New Bar Becomes Hot Spot – Dark Star Bar & Grill
• Smith, Jessica. Western Gets into Mind of Carlos Mencia
• Paul, Corey. Freshman Arrested for Theft in PFT – Bruce Williams
• Coulter, Amber. More Students Receive Pell Grants
• Paul, Corey. Western Officers to Get Bikes for Patrol
• Brandenburg, Katie. Scholarships Possible for Students Who Rally
• Cab Chaos a Problem
• Ratliff, Kara. Parking at Western is Not as Bad as Other Universities
• Goguen, David. Teamwork is Key to Success for Western’s Basketball Team
• Hazelwood, …

A Modified Therapeutic Community: Reducing Violence In A Medium Security Prison, Lee Maglinger

Masters Theses & Specialist Projects

This study explores the impact a modified therapeutic community has on institutional disorder. Treatment programs are normally evaluated by their ability to prevent recidivism and relapse. This study examines the efficacy of a modified therapeutic community in reducing the number and severity of write-ups of its clients in a medium security male prison. The study describes research findings regarding the relationship between the write-ups of clients in a modified therapeutic community compared with the write-ups of inmates in a non-treatment unit. To carry out this study, the author reviewed the write-up records from the treatment program and a non-treatment unit …

What Counts As Domestic Violence? A Conceptual Analysis, Michelle Madden Dempsey

William & Mary Journal of Race, Gender, and Social Justice

This article analyzes the conceptual structure of domestic violence and critiques various influential accounts of domestic violence operating in the criminal justice system, legal and sociological academia, and the domestic violence advocacy community. Part I presents a preliminary philosophical analysis of domestic violence with the goal of furthering our understanding of the correct use of this concept. This analysis centers around three key elements of domestic violence: violence, domesticity, and structural inequality. Part II develops an explanatory model of domestic violence based upon these key elements. Part III examines and critiques four principal accounts of domestic violence, each of which …

Ua12/2/1 College Heights Herald, Vol. 81, No. 26 [28], Wku Student Affairs

WKU Administration Documents

WKU campus newspaper reporting campus, athletic and Bowling Green, Kentucky news. Articles in this issue:

• Harrell, Bobby. Nursing Waiting List Grows Long
• Bosken, Nina. Chinese Celebrate New Year
• Richardson, Kelly. Students, Faculty Join Local Protest – Greenwood High School Dress Code
• Coulter, Amber. University Presidents to Speak on Budget
• Paul, Corey. Student Arrested During Class – Montez Johnson
• Paul, Corey. Professor Stable after Severe Fall – Youn Kim
• Coulter, Amber. Kentucky State Supreme Court to Review Melissa “Katie” Autry Estate Appeals
• Fee is Fine
• Ploch, William. Governor’s Races Could Take Center Stage
• McNamara, Andrew. Indiana Coal May Cut Costs at …

Reform In Lieu Of Change: Tastes Great, Less Filling, Jonathan G.S. Koppell

Publications from President Jonathan G.S. Koppell

In this response to Light, Koppell argues that the increasing frequency of reform may reflect Congress's inability to make significant changes to the substance of entrenched government programs. Moreover, he observes that the more profound evolution in government has been the movement toward the market-based provision of services, which has created a demand for new competencies in the public sector.

Nonlegal Careers For Lawyers, 5th Edition, William D. Henslee

Faculty Books and Book Contributions

Whether you are a law student who realizes that practicing law is not what you want to do or a practicing lawyer who no longer feels satisfied with your work, this newly revised guidebook will show you what you can do with your law degree, besides practice law, and will illustrate how to use your legal skills to rise above the competition. Learn in detail what opportunities exist in these fields:

-Business and Industry--jobs in corporations; accounting firms; media companies; health care and pharmaceutical companies; engineering firms; real estate sales; high-tech companies; and more. -Government and Public Service--positions in the …

Sarbanes-Oxley’S Structural Model To Encourage Corporate Whistleblowers, Richard Moberly

Nebraska College of Law: Faculty Publications

Recent corporate scandals demonstrate that rank-and-file employees often remain silent in the face of significant fraud. This silence is unfortunate because corporate employees have inside knowledge of misconduct that gives them an information advantage over more traditional corporate monitors, such as independent directors and government regulators. To address this problem, the Sarbanes-Oxley Act utilized a new approach that encourages employee whistleblowers to disclose information about corporate wrongdoing. This approach, which Professor Richard Moberly labels the “Structural Model,” requires that corporations provide a standardized channel for employees to report organizational misconduct to official monitors within the corporation. This Article offers an …

How Readable Are Summary Plan Descriptions For Health Care Plans?, Colleen E. Medill, Richard L. Weiner, Brian H. Bornstein, E. Kiernan Mcgorty

Nebraska College of Law: Faculty Publications

How Readable Are Summary Plan Descriptions For Health Care Plans?

• SPDs are the primary source of health plan information: The summary plan description (SPD) is the primary source of information for workers who participate in an employment-based health care plan. This study investigates whether private-sector employers’ SPDs are written so that an average plan participant can identify and read important information contained in the document, as required by federal law. The study collected and tested SPDs for 40 health care plans from a diverse national sample and subjected them to content and readability analyses.

• Important information contained in …

Resolving The Judicial Paradox Of "Equitable" Relief Under Erisa Section 502(A)(3), Colleen E. Medill

Nebraska College of Law: Faculty Publications

A "judicial paradox" exists today concerning the state of equitable remedies available under the Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974 ("ERISA"). This paradox exists not as a result of implementation of the statute by a federal regulatory agency, but rather as the result of numerous Supreme Court decisions interpreting the meaning of "appropriate equitable relief" for claims brought under Section 502(a)(3) of ERISA.

An adequate theory of "appropriate equitable relief" under Section 502(a)(3) of ERISA has yet to be developed. Ultimately, the law- equity paradigm has led to judicial decisions under Section 502(a)(3) that contravene Congress's intent to provide …