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Articles 151 - 168 of 168
Full-Text Articles in Legal Studies
Survey On Cloud Forensics And Critical Criteria For Cloud Forensic Capability: A Preliminary Analysis, Keyun Ruan, Ibrahim Baggili, Joe Carthy, Tahar Kechadi
Survey On Cloud Forensics And Critical Criteria For Cloud Forensic Capability: A Preliminary Analysis, Keyun Ruan, Ibrahim Baggili, Joe Carthy, Tahar Kechadi
Electrical & Computer Engineering and Computer Science Faculty Publications
In this paper we present the current results and analysis of the survey “Cloud forensics and critical criteria for cloud forensic capability” carried out towards digital forensic experts and practitioners. This survey was created in order to gain a better understanding on some of the key questions of the new field - cloud forensics - before further research and development. We aim to understand concepts such as its definition, the most challenging issues, most valuable research directions, and the critical criteria for cloud forensic capability.
Cat Detect (Computer Activity Timeline Detection): A Tool For Detecting Inconsistency In Computer Activity Timelines, Andrew Marrington, Ibrahim Baggili, George Mohay, Andrew Clark
Cat Detect (Computer Activity Timeline Detection): A Tool For Detecting Inconsistency In Computer Activity Timelines, Andrew Marrington, Ibrahim Baggili, George Mohay, Andrew Clark
Electrical & Computer Engineering and Computer Science Faculty Publications
The construction of timelines of computer activity is a part of many digital investigations. These timelines of events are composed of traces of historical activity drawn from system logs and potentially from evidence of events found in the computer file system. A potential problem with the use of such information is that some of it may be inconsistent and contradictory thus compromising its value. This work introduces a software tool (CAT Detect) for the detection of inconsistency within timelines of computer activity. We examine the impact of deliberate tampering through experiments conducted with our prototype software tool. Based on the …
Intelligence-Led Policing In A Fusion Center, David Lambert
Intelligence-Led Policing In A Fusion Center, David Lambert
Criminal Justice Faculty Publications
Incorporating fusion centers and intelligence-led policing principles can prove valuable for police agencies.
The Scavenging Behaviour Of The Australian Raven (Corvus Coronoides): Patterns And Influencing Factors, R. Christopher O'Brien, Alexande Larcombe, Jan Meyer, Shari L. Forbes, Ian Dadour
The Scavenging Behaviour Of The Australian Raven (Corvus Coronoides): Patterns And Influencing Factors, R. Christopher O'Brien, Alexande Larcombe, Jan Meyer, Shari L. Forbes, Ian Dadour
Forensic Science Publications
The Australian Raven (Corvus coronoides) is a widespread, abundant corvid which is often considered a pest species, due to the thought that it predates on livestock, ruin crops, and is often seen feeding on refuse, in both urban and rural areas. The species is known to feed on a range of material from seeds in ploughed fields to human refuse and decomposing organic material. A large proportion of its diet consists of carrion, and as such, the Australian Raven is an effective detrivorous species capable of removing and consuming dead and decomposing carcasses. This research examined the scavenging …
Iphone 3gs Forensics: Logical Analysis Using Apple Itunes Backup Utility, Mona Bader, Ibrahim Baggili
Iphone 3gs Forensics: Logical Analysis Using Apple Itunes Backup Utility, Mona Bader, Ibrahim Baggili
Electrical & Computer Engineering and Computer Science Faculty Publications
The iPhone mobile is used worldwide due to its enhanced computing capabilities, increased storage capacity as well as its attractive touch interface. These characteristics made the iPhone a popular smart phone device. The increased use of the iPhone lead it to become a potential source of digital evidence in criminal investigations. Therefore, iPhone forensics turned into an essential practice for forensic and security practitioners today. This research aimed at investigating and examining the logical backup acquisition of the iPhone 3GS mobile device using the Apple iTunes backup utility. It was found that significant data of forensic value such as e-mail …
The Effectiveness Of Suicide Terrorism, Jibey Asthappan
The Effectiveness Of Suicide Terrorism, Jibey Asthappan
Criminal Justice Faculty Publications
Killing more than 21,000 and injuring 50,000 between the years of 1981 and 2008, suicide bombs have proven to be an effective tactic and seem to be a growing trend. Terrorism is designed to cause panic, chaos and, optimally, publicity for a cause. Suicide terrorism is effective not only because of its lethal outcome; it also sends the message that the cause is so dire that death is a better outcome than life for the bomber. The level of commitment is astounding and largely considered rational.
A Cultural Comparison Of Drug Use Among American And South Korean College Students: An Application Of Hirschi's Social Bond Theory, Jibey Asthappan
A Cultural Comparison Of Drug Use Among American And South Korean College Students: An Application Of Hirschi's Social Bond Theory, Jibey Asthappan
Criminal Justice Faculty Publications
The United States faces a major drug problem. In 2001 the U.S. consumed 1606 metric tons of cocaine alone. Adults who use drugs face many potential problems. The obvious problem is the threat of being arrested and prosecuted for the crime of possession or intent to sell/distribute, but the real cost of drugs is apparent in the lives of users. A promising future is often cast aside for the next “fix.” One may find that the true problem is not the occasional user but the user whose life is engulfed by drugs. This perspective, however, does not leave the occasional …
Practitioner Perceptions Of Juvenile Transfer In Pennsylvania, David Myers, Daniel Lee, Dennis Giever, Jay Gilliam
Practitioner Perceptions Of Juvenile Transfer In Pennsylvania, David Myers, Daniel Lee, Dennis Giever, Jay Gilliam
Criminal Justice Faculty Publications
Consistent with virtually all other states in the nation, in the mid-1990s legislation was enacted in Pennsylvania to address increasing concerns about serious and violent juvenile offending. This legislation included provisions for facilitating the transfer of violent juvenile offenders to adult criminal court. The current study examines contemporary practitioner perceptions of juvenile transfer to adult court, with regard to the number of juveniles transferred, the effectiveness of this practice, and the appropriate minimum age for transfer to occur. Utilizing statewide survey data, comparisons are made between juvenile court judges, probation officers, prosecutors, and public defenders, and other predictors are assessed. …
Generating System Requirements For A Mobile Digital Evidence Collection System: A Preliminary Step Towards Enhancing The Forensic Collection Of Digital Devices, Ibrahim Baggili
Electrical & Computer Engineering and Computer Science Faculty Publications
Collecting digital devices in a forensically sound manner is becoming more critical since 80% of all cases have some sort of digital evidence involved in them (Rogers, 2006, p. 1) .The process of documenting and tagging digital devices is cumbersome and involves details that might not apply to other types of evidence, since each evidence item has unique physical characteristics (Hesitis & Wilbon, 2005, p. 17). The process becomes less manageable when a large number of digital devices are seized. This paper examines the information and issues investigators should be aware of when collecting digital devices at crime scenes. Furthermore, …
Military Might And Political, Economic, And Social Institutions: A Global Time Series Empirical Test Of Terrorism, Jibey Asthappan
Military Might And Political, Economic, And Social Institutions: A Global Time Series Empirical Test Of Terrorism, Jibey Asthappan
Criminal Justice Faculty Publications
"This study, in an effort to uncover root reasons for terrorism, will delve into the issue of terrorism by testing if economic, social, and political factors have an effect on terrorism. It is the intention of this study to suggest policies that address the source of terrorist motivations rather than the symptoms. Using data from RAND and the World Bank that spans 12 years8, the researcher uses a negative binomial time series analysis to answer several hypotheses probing the relationship of political, social, and economic institutions’ effect on terrorist incidents. Establishing that terrorism is a rational behavior is …
Analysis Of Minerals Using Linearly Polarized Infrared Microspectroscopy, Brooke Weinger Kammrath, Pauline E. Leary, John A. Reffner
Analysis Of Minerals Using Linearly Polarized Infrared Microspectroscopy, Brooke Weinger Kammrath, Pauline E. Leary, John A. Reffner
Forensic Science Publications
This is an extended abstract of a paper presented at Microscopy and Microanalysis 2009 in Richmond, Virginia, USA, July 26 – July 30, 2009.
The Need For Situational Awareness Tools To Improve Police Decision-Making Competence, Hyeyoung Lim, David W. Webb
The Need For Situational Awareness Tools To Improve Police Decision-Making Competence, Hyeyoung Lim, David W. Webb
Criminal Justice Faculty Publications
For many professions, instruments of one sort or another are used almost routinely to assess the level of competence of professionals in decision-making relative to their particular occupations. Aircraft pilots, doctors, engineers, and the like are no strangers to such testing. Members of police departments, overall, have little exposure to such forms of assessment, even though they are required from time to time to make critical decisions regarding public safety. At the Law Enforcement Management Institute of Texas (LEMIT), part of the Criminal Justice Center housed at Sam Houston State University, a piece of research has commenced to assess police …
Homeland Security And The Police Mission, Stephen A. Morreale, David E. Lambert
Homeland Security And The Police Mission, Stephen A. Morreale, David E. Lambert
Criminal Justice Faculty Publications
The terrorist attacks on America are seen as a pivotal period for the nation and for policing. They have thrust policing into a new mission that will have a wide ranging impact on the police role, organizational strategies, staffing, training and policy. State, local and tribal police are now at the forefront of Homeland Security activities, yet there remains a great deal of uncertainty about their mission.The ramp-up efforts by federal and state government are reminiscent of the staging for civil defense in the 1960's. As a result of 9/11, there has been an invigoration for cities and towns to …
Self-Reported Cyber Crime: An Analysis On The Effects Of Anonymity And Pre-Employment Integrity, Ibrahim Baggili, Marcus Rogers
Self-Reported Cyber Crime: An Analysis On The Effects Of Anonymity And Pre-Employment Integrity, Ibrahim Baggili, Marcus Rogers
Electrical & Computer Engineering and Computer Science Faculty Publications
A key issue facing today’s society is the increase in cyber crimes. Cyber crimes pose threats to nations, organizations and individuals across the globe. Much of the research in cyber crime has risen from computer science-centric programs, and little experimental research has been performed on the psychology of cyber crime. This has caused a knowledge gap in the study of cyber crime. To this end, this research focuses on understanding psychological concepts related to cyber crime. Through an experimental design, participants were randomly assigned to three groups with varying degrees of anonymity. After each treatment, participants were asked to self-report …
Dna And Homicide Clearance: What's Really Going On, David A. Schroeder
Dna And Homicide Clearance: What's Really Going On, David A. Schroeder
Criminal Justice Faculty Publications
Homicide clearance rates in the United States have been dropping steadily since the late 1960s. The literature on homicide clearance has yet to explore exactly what effect DNA evidence is having on the homicide investigation. As such, the increased use of DNA as an investigative tool to raise homicide clearance is hardly axiomatic. The current study examined homicides committed in Manhattan, New York, within the years 1996 to 2003 for the use of DNA evidence in making an arrest. An analysis was also conducted with an eye toward how useful DNA evidence could be—indicating that, via its current usage, the …
Evaluating The Implementation Of Indiana Area ‘Communities That Care’, David Myers, Michael Arter
Evaluating The Implementation Of Indiana Area ‘Communities That Care’, David Myers, Michael Arter
Criminal Justice Faculty Publications
‘Communities That Care’ (CTC) is a research-based operating system designed to help communities identify and reduce risk factors, enhance protective factors, and prevent a number of adolescent problem behaviors, including delinquency, violence, substance abuse, school drop-out, and teen pregnancy. Indiana, PA, is one of approximately 125 communities throughout Pennsylvania that have chosen to use the CTC approach to promote the positive development of children and youth in the local area. This paper presents an initial review of Indiana Area CTC, in terms of the planning and implementation efforts that have taken place during the past five years.
Adult Crime, Adult Time: Punishing Violent Youth In The Adult Criminal Justice System, David Myers
Adult Crime, Adult Time: Punishing Violent Youth In The Adult Criminal Justice System, David Myers
Criminal Justice Faculty Publications
Contemporary concerns about youth violence and related legislative reforms have resulted in greater numbers of adolescent offenders being handled in the adult criminal justice system. Although some past research suggests that juveniles transferred to adult court often receive somewhat lenient treatment, more recent studies focusing on violent youthful offenders have found the adult system to be more punitive in nature. This study examined this issue for 557 violent youths fromPennsylvania, of which 138 were judicially waived to adult court. Statistical analyses revealed that, in terms of punishment certainty, severity, and swiftness, juveniles transferred to adult court were treated more harshly …
The Recidivism Of Violent Youths In Juvenile And Adult Court: A Consideration Of Selection Bias, David Myers
The Recidivism Of Violent Youths In Juvenile And Adult Court: A Consideration Of Selection Bias, David Myers
Criminal Justice Faculty Publications
Contemporary research suggests that increased efforts to transfer juveniles to the adult criminal justice system may backfire, as waived youths generally exhibit greater recidivism as compared to similar offenders retained in juvenile court. One concern with this research is the possibility of selection bias, meaning that the findings could be explained as merely a simple consequence of the highest risk youth being transferred. This study examined this issue for 494 violent youths from Pennsylvania, of which 79 were waived to adult court and 415 were retained in juvenile court. The likelihood, seriousness, and timing of their recidivism were analyzed, with …