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Muslim American Perspectives On The Global War On Terrorism, Mariam Fateme Kazemi

Criminology & Criminal Justice Theses - Archive

This study examines the perceptions of Muslim Americans with regards to anti-terrorist policies and efforts in the U.S. with a specific emphasis on the U.S. led U.S. led Global War on Terrorism post-9/11. The perceived relationship or lack of between Islam and its support or condemnation of terrorism along with the perceptions of Muslim Americans with regards to the different components of the is assessed in this research. How Muslims feel towards the U.S. government's response to threats of terrorism and terrorist attacks against the U.S. and its interests is summarized along with the effectiveness of the Global War on …

Isolating Student, School, And Community Effects On School Weapon Carrying, Adam Michael Watkins

Dissertations

Much prior research has alluded to the importance of community conditions in shaping levels of violence in around and schools. It is interesting to find, therefore, that few studies have systematically examined the effects of broader contextual characteristics (e.g., economic disadvantage) on levels of student misbehavior in schools. This research filled a part of this void in the school violence literature by using data from the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent Health to identify whether social conditions in schools¿ attendance areas were statistically related to levels of student weapon carrying across a national sample of 55 high schools. Multilevel models …

Specialized Detention And Correctional Facilities, Christopher A. Mallett, Michael J. Williams, Shawn C. Marsh

Social Work Faculty Publications

The placements covered in this chapter include child and youth residential treatment facilities, juvenile detention and correctional facilities, juvenile sexual offender treatment facilities, women's prisons, and military detention and correctional institutions. For each of these specialized placements, we present their history and current philosophy,outline basic components of design, treatment services, and programming: and review the satus of evidence-based practice.

An Exploratory Study Of The Affect Of Role Strain And The Juvenile Justice System's Division In Power On Juvenile Probation Officers, Kirsten W. Parker-Smith

Theses & Honors Papers

This exploratory, qualitative study reports on the experiences of 20 participants currently working within the juvenile justice system. The study investigated whether role strain was present among juvenile probation officers (POs) in an unspecified, Mid-Atlantic state. This study examines probation officers' role as it relates to the division in power between the state agency which employs the juvenile POs and the local juvenile courts in which they work closely with local judges. The state agency's move to standardize was also explored in relation to an increase in role strain for juvenile probation officers. The expected role strain did not appear …

Crime And The Sorcerer's Stone: Using Harry Potter To Teach Theories Of Crime, Julie Elizabeth Humphrey

Theses Digitization Project

The purpose of this study was to take a piece of popular culture, Harry Potter and the Sorcerer's Stone and use it as a pedagogical tool in a graduate criminal theory course to serve as a pilot study. Evaluation data showed that using the Sorcerer's Stone is an effective way to teach students how to apply criminological theory hypothetical examples of behavior.

Implications Of Sex Offender Residency Restrictions, Erin Patricia Wolbeck

Theses Digitization Project

This study examines the potential effects of sex offender residency restriction laws on both the offenders and potential victimsin Riverside County, CA. Through the use of census data and mapping software the residentially zoned areas in which sex offenders can or can not live are examined.

Healthcare Fraud And Non-Fraud Healthcare Crimes: A Comparison, Michael Ponce

Theses Digitization Project

Healthcare fraud is a major problem within the healthcare industry. The study examined medical fraud, its laws, and punishments on federal and state levels. It compared medical fraud to non-fraud crimes done in the healthcare industry. This comparison will be done on a state level. The study attempted to analyze the severity of fraud against non-fraud and that doctors would commit fraud offenses more often than non-fraud offenses.

Artists And Crooks: A Correlational Examination Of Creativity And Criminal Thinking, Luis Daniel GascóN

Theses Digitization Project

This study explores some of the possible correlations between creativity and criminal thinking evident in the literature in an attempt to link the two forms of cognition. An understanding of the concept of Malevolent Creativity can serve the purpose of elucidating another component of the criminal personality.

The Life And Times Of Young People On Remand: Recommendations For Future Policy In Ireland, Sinead Freeman

Conference papers

The remand population of children and young people continues to rise in Ireland. Despite this growth, little is known about their experiences on remand. This paper focuses on such experiences from the perspective of the young prisoners. It is based on 62 semi-structured interviews conducted with young males and females aged 16 to 21 years on remand in St. Patrick’s Institution, Cloverhill Remand Prison and the Dόchas Centre, Mountjoy Prison. The paper highlights how young people who have yet to be found guilty are frequently detained for long periods in prison and are exposed to punitive conditions. The findings have …

Dna And Homicide Clearance: What's Really Going On, David A. Schroeder

Criminal Justice Faculty Publications

Homicide clearance rates in the United States have been dropping steadily since the late 1960s. The literature on homicide clearance has yet to explore exactly what effect DNA evidence is having on the homicide investigation. As such, the increased use of DNA as an investigative tool to raise homicide clearance is hardly axiomatic. The current study examined homicides committed in Manhattan, New York, within the years 1996 to 2003 for the use of DNA evidence in making an arrest. An analysis was also conducted with an eye toward how useful DNA evidence could be—indicating that, via its current usage, the …

Ua12/8 Campus Security Report, Wku Police

WKU Administration Documents

A statement of current campus policies regarding procedures for students and others to report criminal actions or other emergencies occurring on campus and policies concerning the institution's response to such reports.

Routine Crime In Exceptional Times: The Impact Of The 2002 Winter Olympics On Citizen Demand For Police Services, Scott H. Decker, Sean P. Varano, Jack R. Greene

Justice Studies Faculty Publications

Despite their rich theoretical and practical importance, criminologists have paid scant attention to the patterns of crime and the responses to crime during exceptional events. Throughout the world large-scale political, social, economic, cultural, and sporting events have become commonplace. Natural disasters such as blackouts, hurricanes, tornadoes, and tsunamis present similar opportunities. Such events often tax the capacities of jurisdictions to provide safety and security in response to the exceptional event, as well as to meet the “routine” public safety needs. This article examines “routine” crime as measured by calls for police service, official crime reports, and police arrests in Salt …

Gangs, Guns, And Drugs: Recidivism Among Serious, Young Offenders, Beth M. Huebner, Sean P. Varano, Timothy S. Bynum

Justice Studies Faculty Publications

The primary goal of this study is to understand the factors that best explain recidivism among a sample of 322 young men aged 17 to 24 years released from prison in a Midwestern state. Specific attention is paid to the predictive validity of gang membership, gun use, and drug dependence on the timing of reconviction and the current research on desistance frames the analyses. Results from a series of proportional hazard models indicate that race, gang membership, drug dependence, and institutional behavior are critical factors in predicting the timing of reconviction. Contrary to expectations, gun use was not related to …

Police Information Systems, Sean P. Varano, Jeffrey M. Cancino, James Glass, Roger Enriquez

Justice Studies Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

A Comparison Of Sexual Assault In The U.S., Canada, And England, Catie Carson

Undergraduate Review

No abstract provided.

An Ecological Assessment Of Property And Violent Crime Rates Across A Latino Urban Landscape: The Role Of Social Disorganization And Institutional Anomie Theory, Jeffrey Michael Cancino, Sean P. Varano, Joseph A. Schafer, Roger Enriquez

Justice Studies Faculty Publications

The present research put forth an integrated theoretical framework aimed at providing a more holistic community- level approach explaining crime across a heavily populated Latino city. Guided by social disorganization and institutional anomie theory, this study used several data sources and OLS regression techniques to examine the impact of social disorganization, economic and noneconomic institutional characteristics on rates of property and violent crime across 1,016 census block groups in San Antonio, Texas. While several findings emerged, interactions between alcohol density and concentrated disadvantage were significant and positively associated with property and violent crime. Interactions between welfare generosity and concentrated disadvantage …

Protecting Children From The Harmful Behavior Of Adults, Eric C. Shedlosky

Journal of Criminal Law and Criminology

No abstract provided.

Domestic Violence And Mandatory Arrest Laws: To What Extent Do They Influence Police Arrest Decisions, David Hirschel, Eve Buzawa, April Pattavina, Don Faggiani

Journal of Criminal Law and Criminology

No abstract provided.

Development And Confirmatory Factor Analysis Of The Community Norms Of Child Neglect Scale, Rebecca Goodvin, David R. Johnson, Sam A. Hardy, Michelle Graef, Jeff M. Chambers

Center on Children, Families, and the Law: Faculty Publications

This article describes the development of the Community Norms of Child Neglect Scale (CNCNS), a new measure of perceptions of child neglect, for use in community samples. The CNCNS differentiates among four subtypes of neglect (failure to provide for basic needs, lack of supervision, emotional neglect, and educational neglect). Scenarios ranging in seriousness for each subtype were presented to a large community sample (N = 3,809). Confirmatory factor analyses indicated that a four-factor model provided a better fit to the data than did a model specifying only one overall neglect factor, suggesting this sample distinguished among the four subtypes of …

Russian Cultural Factors Related To Perceived Criminal Procedure Fairness: The Juxtaposition Of Policy And Practice, Olga B. Semukhina

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

The purpose of this study is to investigate the relationship between the Russian culture and citizens' perceived fairness of the new Criminal Procedural Code of Russia of 2001 (CPC of 2001). The CPC of 2001 is a key policy in the Russian criminal law reform with the purpose of implementing adversarial procedure elements in Russia. The existing literature has documented the lack of public support along with observed violations of the CPC's major provisions which as made this an important area for study. It is theorized that the apparent contradiction between the underlying values of the Russian culture, and CPC's …

End Natural Life Sentences For Juveniles, Jeffrey A. Fagan

Faculty Scholarship

In 2005, the U.S. Supreme Court in Roper v. Simmons (125 S. Ct. 1183) banned executions of persons who commit capital murder before they reach age 18. Roper overturned death sentences for 72 people in 18 states (Streib, 2005). Most (but not all) were resentenced to natural life or life in prison without the possibility of parole (or JLWOP). Juvenile justice advocates now want to extend Roper’s maturity heuristic, proportionality analysis, aversion to errors, and deference to international laws and norms to argue for a constitutional ban on natural life sentences for adolescent offenders. This move could have a far …

Characteristics Of Facilities With Specialized Programming For Drinking Drivers And For Other Criminal Justice Involved Clients: Analysis Of A National Database, Cynthia L. Arfken, Sheryl Kubiak

Wayne State University Associated BioMed Central Scholarship

Abstract

Background

Offering specialized programming at substance abuse treatment facilities can help diversify clientele and funding sources, potentially enhancing the facilities' ability to survive and/or expand. Past research has shown that facilities only offering specialized programming for driving under the influence/driving while intoxicated offenders (DUI) are predominately private-for-profit owned. As criminal justice populations, both DUI and other criminal justice offenders, comprise a large proportion of those in community-based substance abuse treatment knowing facilities' characteristics would be important for administrators and policymakers to consider when updating programming, training staff or expanding capacity to ensure efficient use of scarce resources. However, while …

Bytes, Balco, And Barry Bonds: An Exploration Of The Law Concerning The Search And Seizure Of Computer Files And An Analysis Of The Ninth Circuit's Decision In United States V. Comprehensive Drug Testing, Inc., Derek Regensburger

Journal of Criminal Law and Criminology

No abstract provided.

Gonzales V. Oregon And The Future Of Agency-Made Criminal Law, Trevor Stiles

Journal of Criminal Law and Criminology

No abstract provided.

Estimating The Impact Of Incarceration On Subsequent Offending Trajectories: Deterrent, Criminogenic, Or Null Effect, Avinash Singh Bhati, Alex R. Piquero

Journal of Criminal Law and Criminology

No abstract provided.

Why 2007 Is Not Like 1984: A Broader Perspective On Technology's Effect On Privacy And Fourth Amendment Jurisprudence, Ric Simmons

Journal of Criminal Law and Criminology

No abstract provided.

The Boundaries Of Plea Bargaining: Negotiating The Standard Of Proof, Talia Fisher

Journal of Criminal Law and Criminology

No abstract provided.

Guantanamo And Beyond: Dangers Of Rigging The Rules, Brian J. Foley

Journal of Criminal Law and Criminology

No abstract provided.

The Uneasy Entente Between Legal Insanity And Mens Rea: Beyond Clark V. Arizona, Stephen J. Morse, Morris B. Hoffman

Journal of Criminal Law and Criminology

No abstract provided.

Assembling Recidivism: The Promise And Contingencies Of Post-Release Life , Mark Halsey

Journal of Criminal Law and Criminology

No abstract provided.