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Articles 121 - 150 of 151

Full-Text Articles in Soviet and Post-Soviet Studies

The Convenient Alliance: President Reagan And Pope John Paul Ii, Cold Warriors, Tighe P. Flatley May 2007

The Convenient Alliance: President Reagan And Pope John Paul Ii, Cold Warriors, Tighe P. Flatley

Senior Honors Projects

Historians and non-scholars alike have long regarded the work of President Reagan and Pope John Paul II to be a tremendous force in helping to end the Cold War. In 1992, Time Magazine cited the relationship as a “Holy Alliance”, a political partnering of two men who, after surviving separate assassination attempts merely six weeks apart, saw their role in global politics as a divine signal to promote the free world and take down communism internationally. By the time the President and the Pope first met at the Vatican in 1982, the two were privately discussing Cold War politics. They …

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Human Rights In Russia And The Former Soviet Republics: Introduction, Arianna Nowakowski Jan 2007

Human Rights In Russia And The Former Soviet Republics: Introduction, Arianna Nowakowski

Human Rights & Human Welfare

Following the collapse of the Soviet Union in 1991, a state of political, economic, and social disarray was accompanied by a renewed hope for improved human rights conditions in Russia and the former Soviet Republics. However, transitions toward more democratic forms of governance and market economies have faced many obstacles, and have not necessarily facilitated the protection of such rights. As this eclectic compilation of essays and bibliographies in the current digest reveals, many legacies of Soviet rule persist and continue to plague the region today.

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Human Rights And The War On Terror: Complete 2005 - 2007 Topical Research Digest, Jack Donnelly, Simon Amajuru, Susannah Compton, Robin Davey, Syd Dillard, Amanda Donahoe, Charles Hess, Sydney Fisher, Kelley Laird, Victoria Lowdon, Chris Maggard, Alexandra Nichols, Travis Ning, Toni Panetta, Greg Sanders, James Smithwick, Angela Woolliams, Chris Saeger, Sarah Bania-Dobyns, Eric Dibbern, David Gillespie, Latife Bulur, Katie Friesen, Arika Long, Arianna Nowakowski, Joel R. Pruce Jan 2007

Human Rights And The War On Terror: Complete 2005 - 2007 Topical Research Digest, Jack Donnelly, Simon Amajuru, Susannah Compton, Robin Davey, Syd Dillard, Amanda Donahoe, Charles Hess, Sydney Fisher, Kelley Laird, Victoria Lowdon, Chris Maggard, Alexandra Nichols, Travis Ning, Toni Panetta, Greg Sanders, James Smithwick, Angela Woolliams, Chris Saeger, Sarah Bania-Dobyns, Eric Dibbern, David Gillespie, Latife Bulur, Katie Friesen, Arika Long, Arianna Nowakowski, Joel R. Pruce

Human Rights & Human Welfare

“9/11 changed everything.” Not really. In fact, there has been far more continuity than change over the past six years in both international and domestic politics. Nonetheless, human rights often have been harmed—although not by terrorism but by “the war on terror.”

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Political Repression Of Islam, Amy Swift Jan 2007

Political Repression Of Islam, Amy Swift

Human Rights & Human Welfare

Central Asia, once one of the least known regions in the world, has become important to the United States since 9/11, the resulting U.S. invasion of Afghanistan, and the new “War on Terror.” Tajikistan, often considered the poorest and most obscure of the five Central Asian “Stans,” was thrust into the public view when it became useful to the United States in its 2001 invasion of Afghanistan.

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Prospects For Democracy, Nick Stokes Jan 2007

Prospects For Democracy, Nick Stokes

Human Rights & Human Welfare

Upon the disintegration of the Soviet Union in 1991, the countries of Eastern Europe and Central Asia that had hitherto lived behind the Iron Curtain inherited new independence and uncertain political futures. Since then, the world has watched a political entity that once covered 8.6 million square miles shatter into 15 new nation-states, each with the potential to throw off the shackles of the past and forge new democracies. Fifteen years after the fall, we see elections at state and local levels, multi-party systems, and constitutions touting freedoms of press and religion. While these elements are vital to the survival …

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Repatriation Of Ethnic Groups, Kirsten Benites Jan 2007

Repatriation Of Ethnic Groups, Kirsten Benites

Human Rights & Human Welfare

From 1943 to 1949, almost 1.5 million ethnic minorities were deported from their homes in the southern USSR to Central Asia. Thousands died either during the trip or within the first few years after their arrival. For years, it was as if they had simply disappeared off the face of the earth. It was not until 1956 that the deportations were even acknowledged by the Soviet government, and only recently has repatriation begun. While some groups have had a relatively successful repatriation experience, others have experienced ethnic discrimination, making the return to their homelands difficult and in some cases impossible.

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Civil Society And Human Rights, Ken Bonneville Jan 2007

Civil Society And Human Rights, Ken Bonneville

Human Rights & Human Welfare

A dynamic civil society is essential to a functioning democracy. After the fall of the Soviet Union there was hope that Russia could create a robust civil society to compliment its burgeoning democracy, but 15 years after the fall neither occurrence appears to be the case. Instead of an open society, Russian civil society faces challenges of oppression, threats of violence, an overbearing bureaucracy, and a constitution open to interpretation. The following research outlines some of the obstacles facing Russia’s civil society and addresses how the government is restricting civil society functions.

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Gender And Human Rights, Lisa Weilminster Jan 2007

Gender And Human Rights, Lisa Weilminster

Human Rights & Human Welfare

Russia’s historical transition from a communist society to a system of democracy and free market practices has resulted in major social changes affecting the rights of men and women. Analysis of gender and human rights in Russia requires an evaluation of the changing social relations within post-Soviet society, which are shaped by the complex factors of ethnicity, economic class, gender norms, and the role of the state in shaping present gender inequities that hinder the realization of universal human rights. Looking particularly at how gender issues relate to changing identities, employment opportunities, health care and conditions, and public and private …

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Violations Of Human Rights In The Russian Military, Cathy Smith Jan 2007

Violations Of Human Rights In The Russian Military, Cathy Smith

Human Rights & Human Welfare

In 2005, an estimated 450 deaths were caused by injuries due to internal military violence. The degradation inflicted on Russian soldiers within their regime necessitates reformation by the government and implementation of resolutions. Since the collapse of the Soviet Union, the Russian military has been experiencing heightened levels of personnel decline despite the compulsory draft. The prestige that the Soviet Army of the 1950s received through the late 1980s is dwindling rapidly. Despite the military code of conduct, today’s army is afflicted with perpetual violations of human rights. For the future of the Russian military, extensive action must include systemic …

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The Roma: During And After Communism, Florinda Lucero, Jill Collum Jan 2007

The Roma: During And After Communism, Florinda Lucero, Jill Collum

Human Rights & Human Welfare

The Roma are an interconnected ethnic and cultural group that migrated out of India more than ten centuries ago. In the Czech Republic, they may have been present since the 15th century. Although relations within Czech lands began honorably, they quickly disintegrated into enmity and within a century Czechs could kill the Roma with impunity. Legislation restricting Roma movement came about in 1927 with Law 117: the “Law on Wandering Gypsies,” which stated that the Roma were now required to seek permission to stay overnight in any given location. In the run-up to World War II, parallel restrictions to those …

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Totalitarianism: The Case Of Turkmenistan, Hayden Gore Jan 2007

Totalitarianism: The Case Of Turkmenistan, Hayden Gore

Human Rights & Human Welfare

With the disintegration of the Soviet Union in 1991, Saparmurat Niyazov, the former First Secretary of the Communist Party of Turkmenistan and self-styled “Turkmenbashi” (Father of All Turkmen), became the country’s first president, quickly fashioning Turkmenistan into one of the most repressive regimes in the world. Declared president-for-life after a dubious parliamentary election in which he selected all of the candidates, Niyazov has created a Stalinistic personality cult to glorify his image and to solidify his control over the state. His “reforms” have outlawed political dissent, marginalized ethnic and religious minorities, gutted the public health system, and enforced a campaign …

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Ethnic Conflict, Kristina Libby Jan 2007

Ethnic Conflict, Kristina Libby

Human Rights & Human Welfare

Since the fall of the Soviet Union, Russia has experienced high levels of ethnic conflict with regard to exit claims by former satellite states that no longer want to be part of the federation. Exit claims often antagonize the state. However, political leaders of titular ethnicities maximize ethnic revivals to keep traditions alive, and to minimize the amount of exclusion vis-à-vis the center. Massive human rights violations have resulted because of misperceptions between the center and the periphery, especially in Chechnya, the Volga-Ural’s Region and Eastern Siberia.

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North Korea And The United States: A Nuclear Family Of Conditionings, Ibpp Editor Jan 2003

North Korea And The United States: A Nuclear Family Of Conditionings, Ibpp Editor

International Bulletin of Political Psychology

This article posits several cognitive heuristics that may at least metaphorically constitute the North Korean and United States Governments’ operational codes of international security decision-making.

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Trends. The Psychology Of Treaty Compliance, Ibpp Editor Apr 2002

Trends. The Psychology Of Treaty Compliance, Ibpp Editor

International Bulletin of Political Psychology

This article discusses the psychological and political context of national compliance with treaties.

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Sources Of Inter-State Alignments: Internal Threats And Economic Dependence In The Former Soviet Union, Eric A. Miller Jan 2002

Sources Of Inter-State Alignments: Internal Threats And Economic Dependence In The Former Soviet Union, Eric A. Miller

Graduate Program in International Studies Theses & Dissertations

This dissertation develops a framework for understanding the alignment patterns of states of the former Soviet Union (FSU) vis-à-vis Russia. The framework challenges traditional alignment theories, such as balance of power and balance of threat theories, and suggests that these theories provide less accurate predictions of alignment behavior in the FSU than the present framework because of a variety of situational and contextual factors. In particular, the present framework highlights the impact of two variables on alignment patterns, (1) the internal political threats to leaders, and (2) the economic dependence on Russia. These two variables produce a four-outcome model, presented …

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United States Military Forces In The Balkans: Ending The Deployment, Ibpp Editor Oct 2000

United States Military Forces In The Balkans: Ending The Deployment, Ibpp Editor

International Bulletin of Political Psychology

This article explores the political psychological implications of ending the deployment of United States (US) military forces in the Balkans.

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Trends. After The Election: Milosevic Myths, Ibpp Editor Sep 2000

Trends. After The Election: Milosevic Myths, Ibpp Editor

International Bulletin of Political Psychology

This article discusses the defeat of Slobodan Milosevic in his re-election attempt in 2000, as well as the subsequent political balance in Yugoslavia.

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Nuclear Weapons Diplomacy: Russian Victories And United States Defeats In The Post Cold War Era, Ibpp Editor Apr 2000

Nuclear Weapons Diplomacy: Russian Victories And United States Defeats In The Post Cold War Era, Ibpp Editor

International Bulletin of Political Psychology

This article describes the status and dynamics of the latest nuclear weapons diplomacy between the United States and Russia.

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Racial Profiling In The Persian Gulf: Ethical, Moral, And Legal Implications, Ibpp Editor Apr 2000

Racial Profiling In The Persian Gulf: Ethical, Moral, And Legal Implications, Ibpp Editor

International Bulletin of Political Psychology

This article describes attributions about race and ethnicity that color the discourse on the ethics, morality, and legality of profiling.

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Russia's China Policy Under Yeltsin And Its Effect On The Korean Peninsula, Jong Dyuk Lim Aug 1995

Russia's China Policy Under Yeltsin And Its Effect On The Korean Peninsula, Jong Dyuk Lim

Graduate Program in International Studies Theses & Dissertations

This thesis studies current developments in Russia's China policy and their effect on the Korean Peninsula. This thesis asks these questions: how has the Russia's China policy changed since Gorbachev era, what are the determinants of Russia's current China policy, what is the effect of this policy on the Korean Peninsula, and what is the prospect for Russo-Chinese relations? Russia's China policy has been profoundly influenced by a series of domestic Russian institutional changes. Russia may be developing a political-economic system more consistent with "Eastern" notions of democracy and capitalism than those of the West. The result has been a …

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The Soviet Military: Pressures For Change 1981-1991, William C. Dughi Oct 1993

The Soviet Military: Pressures For Change 1981-1991, William C. Dughi

History Theses & Dissertations

The US-Soviet arms race entered a new stage in the late 1970s and early 1980s which created a revolution in military-technological affairs including new weapons systems possessing revolutionary levels of sophistication. The rapid development and acquisition of these weapons systems by the United States created pressure on the Soviet Union to continue the economically debilitating arms race. By 1985, in the midst of this military-technical revolution, Mikhail S. Gorbachev began his reform of Soviet system, including Soviet military doctrine, creating pressure on the Soviet military. These two pressures on the Soviet military are the subject of this thesis. How were …

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Port Visits As A Component Of Soviet Naval Diplomacy In The Mediterranean Sea 1967-1986, John Mark Ickes May 1992

Port Visits As A Component Of Soviet Naval Diplomacy In The Mediterranean Sea 1967-1986, John Mark Ickes

Graduate Program in International Studies Theses & Dissertations

The Soviet Union used its navy as an instrument to support its political agenda, particularly after 1967. This thesis examines 1785 Soviet port visits in the Mediterranean Sea to identify characteristics of the Soviet naval port visit program, particularly the significance of the country visited, the length of the visit, and the ships selected for the visit. The results indicate that certain Mediterranean countries were visited more than others, that the length of the visit can be associated with various Soviet political intentions, and that certain warships made significantly more visits than others.

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Mine Warfare In The Russian And Soviet Navies, Jeffrey K. Bray May 1989

Mine Warfare In The Russian And Soviet Navies, Jeffrey K. Bray

Graduate Program in International Studies Theses & Dissertations

This thesis examines the development of technology, tactics, strategy, and organization of mine warfare in the Russian and Soviet navies from 1807 to the present. The author reviews the trials and tribulations of the development of naval mines and their employment within these two navies. This development has been primarily driven by the needs of war and advances of technology. In spite of occasional setbacks, the Russian and Soviet mine warfare forces continued to provide support to the overall naval and central policies of their respective governments. This support has often been during times of high tension and limited resources. …

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Decreasing Allied Support For Anti-Soviet Strategic Embargoes A Demonstration Of The Declining Hegemony Of The United States, Tracey A. Johnstone Nov 1986

Decreasing Allied Support For Anti-Soviet Strategic Embargoes A Demonstration Of The Declining Hegemony Of The United States, Tracey A. Johnstone

Graduate Program in International Studies Theses & Dissertations

This thesis evaluates the declining hegemony of the United States over its allies since the end of World War II. Robert Gilpin and Robert Keohane's theories about the decline in U.S. hegemony are discussed as are the hegemonic theories of Gramsci as interpreted by Robert Cox. The three progressively hostile reactions of U.S. allies to U.S.-initiated embargoes against the Eastern Bloc are used to illustrate the decreasing control of the United States over the economic and strategic policies of its allies. The conclusion states' that Ronald Reagan ignored historical trends and contemporary international politics when he decided to force U.S. …

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Egypt And The Soviet Union, 1953-1970, John W. Copp May 1986

Egypt And The Soviet Union, 1953-1970, John W. Copp

Dissertations and Theses

The purpose of this study is to describe and analyze in detail the many aspects of the Soviet-Egyptian friendship as it developed from 1953 to 1970. The relationship between the two is extremely important because it provides insight into the roles of both Egypt and the Soviet Union in both the history of the Middle East and in world politics. The period from 1953 to 1970 is key in understanding the relationship between the two states because it is the period of the genesis of the relationship and a period in which both nations went through marked changes in both …

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Curtain Of Silence Japanese In Soviet Custody, 1945-1956, William F. Nimmo May 1985

Curtain Of Silence Japanese In Soviet Custody, 1945-1956, William F. Nimmo

Graduate Program in International Studies Theses & Dissertations

The Soviet Union attacked- and defeated Japanese forces in Northeast Asia in the final days of the Second World War, and 2,100,000 Japanese soldiers and civilians suddenly fell into the hands of the Red Army. This thesis examines the experiences of Japanese in Soviet custody, efforts to obtain their release, and their eventual return to Japan. Repatriation of civilians from Soviet-controlled areas was slow, and military personnel were taken to the USSR for use as forced labor for several years. The Soviets conducted an intensive Marxist-Leninist indoctrination program for prisoners of war, and a professed acceptance of communism was a …

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Policy Alternatives In Soviet Environmental Protection., Charles E. Ziegler Jan 1981

Policy Alternatives In Soviet Environmental Protection., Charles E. Ziegler

Faculty and Staff Scholarship

A number of developments over the past decade or so illustrate the increasing salience of environmental problems for Soviet policy makers. In the mid-1960s, controversy over the potential pollution of Lake Baikal appears to have stimulated and legitimized environmental protection as an issue for discussion in the Soviet press. The output of scholarly books and articles by philosophers, economists, biologists, physicists, and sociologists reflects the broad range of organizations concerned with these questions. Support is also evident in high places-Brezhnev's report to the 25th Party Congress in 1976 emphasized the importance of environmental protection and announced that 11 billion rubles …

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China's Use Of International Law In Border Disputes: The Cases Of India And The Soviet Union, Larry R. Schreiter Oct 1974

China's Use Of International Law In Border Disputes: The Cases Of India And The Soviet Union, Larry R. Schreiter

IUSTITIA

Despite American "containment" in the fifties and sixties, China was nevertheless a major actor on the international scene. The loci of China's practice of international politics ranged from the Bandung Conference to its ideological foray into European politics following the Hungarian rebellion in 1956. Along with this activism in the international environment, China turned her attention in the late fifties to the question of gaining mutual agreements with her neighbors on the delineation and regulation of the boundaries. This concern brought about some marked changes in bilateral foreign policy, and required dealings of both an ideological as well as technical …

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"Berlin: A Tale Of Two Cities", Eleonore Lipschitz Nov 1964

"Berlin: A Tale Of Two Cities", Eleonore Lipschitz

Special Collections: Oregon Public Speakers

No abstract provided.

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National Communism And Soviet Strategy, By Dinko A. Tomasic, Fedor I. Cicak Oct 1957

National Communism And Soviet Strategy, By Dinko A. Tomasic, Fedor I. Cicak

Indiana Law Journal

No abstract provided.

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