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Full-Text Articles in Central American Studies
The Cost Of Rebuilding El Salvador: Bukele's Backsliding Democracy, Olivia X. Hamilton
The Cost Of Rebuilding El Salvador: Bukele's Backsliding Democracy, Olivia X. Hamilton
World Languages and Cultures
This paper will detail the last several years of El Salvador's history to the present day, through the lens of gang violence, courtesy of MS-13 and the worrying trends of authoritarianism displayed by its current president, Nayib Bukele. Gang violence, especially that perpetuated by MS-13 and Barrio 18, have plagued the US, and via deportation, El Salvador. Previous attempt to control the violence through mano dura policy has proven ineffective, either by lack of implementation, or endemic government corruption. President Nayib Bukele declared a state of emergency, initially in March of 2022, and now constantly renewed every 30 days, which …
A Guide For The Everyday Woman Surfer: How Surf Culture's Patriarchy Marginalizes Ocean Lovers, Alexis S. Di Stefano
A Guide For The Everyday Woman Surfer: How Surf Culture's Patriarchy Marginalizes Ocean Lovers, Alexis S. Di Stefano
Women's, Gender and Queer Studies
Humans are naturally drawn to the water by wind and tide. It is a place of solace that we have a desire to know deeply, yet we have kept one another from experiencing it through biases that perpetuate inequality. White-supremacist hegemony has historically kept communities of color from coastlines, women from lineups, and queer communities from participating in surf culture. As more people from all social groups return to the water through surfing in the 20th century, surf culture needs to adapt to become more inclusive. This paper outlines surf culture's historical transition into whiteness and how female beauty standards …