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Articles 1 - 30 of 131
Full-Text Articles in African Studies
Determinants Of Youth (Un)Employment In Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, Aynalem Megersa
Determinants Of Youth (Un)Employment In Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, Aynalem Megersa
International Conference on African Development Archives
Informed by the Macro-Micro approach (Steiber, & Haas, 20122 ), the paper aims to examine the major determinants of youth (Un)employment in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia from a gender perspective. The study primarily uses quantitative data from the 2014 urban unemployment and employment survey conducted by the Ethiopian Central Statistical Authority. The study employs descriptive statistics and Multinomial logit model to analyse the quantitative data. Qualitative data generated using in-depth interviews and focus group discussions with selected youth in the City were also used to substantiate the quantitative results. Findings of the study reveal that different levels of factors- structural factors, …
Factors Affecting Tvet Responsiveness To Youth Employability: Reflection On Practices Of Competency-Based Provisions In Arsi Zone Of Oromia Regional State, Endalew Fufa
International Conference on African Development Archives
With an increasing demand for qualified skilled workers in the area of technical services, Ethiopia now holds several colleges which provide education to technical and vocational education attendants joining after the completion of general secondary education. Yet, conditions related with entry capacity in the fields they are required to attend, depth of training, viability of placement and means of creating job opportunity after graduating from colleges could be traced as major bottleneck conditions encountering such a provision. So, it became very essential to investigate which factors affect the responsiveness of TVET to youth job creation in Oromia Regional State, with …
Export Barriers And Competitiveness Of Small And Medium-Sized Enterprise In Developing Countries: Case Study In Ethiopian Leather Footwear Manufacturing Firms, Gebreyohannes Gebreslassie Gebrewahid
Export Barriers And Competitiveness Of Small And Medium-Sized Enterprise In Developing Countries: Case Study In Ethiopian Leather Footwear Manufacturing Firms, Gebreyohannes Gebreslassie Gebrewahid
International Conference on African Development Archives
Export is one of the most important business activities that play a significant role for economic development of nations. Hence, this study aimed to investigate the export barriers and export competitiveness of the Ethiopian Leather Footwear manufacturing firms in particular and the industry in general. Purposively, 100 respondents were selected from 15 exporting firms in the leather industry. In addition, interview was held with some top managers and owners to collect more detail information. The survey data is analyzed using factor analysis and MDS techniques. Using factor analysis, 10 conceptually linked components were empirically identified. Both factor loadings and factor …
Complementary And Adversarial Stances In State-Civil Society Relationships And Their Implications For Democratization And Development: The Case Of Ethiopia, Teshome Tadesse
International Conference on African Development Archives
State-society relations in Ethiopia have throughout history been one of cooperation rather than competition and destruction at least when it comes to the defense of the motherland. This short paper, attempts to examine the place of civil society vis-a-vis the all-powerful position of the state in Ethiopia and its behaviors in times of national danger or war where both complement each other and defeat the enemy. The states , during these times of national threats, go to a point where it literally begs national communities through traditional associations or civil societal groups and successfully repulses the aggressor. But once the …
The 6th International Conference On The State Of Africa: Challenges And Opportunities For Sustainable Development And Peace In Africa In The 21st Century, Sisay Asefa
International Conference on African Development Archives
No abstract provided.
A Multidisciplinary Conference On The Challenges & Opportunities For Sustainable Development In Ethiopia & The Greater Horn Of Africa
International Conference on African Development Archives
No abstract provided.
Ethnosymbolism And The Dismemberment Of The State In The Horn Of Africa: The Ethiopian Case Of Ethnic Federalism, Assefa Mehretu
Ethnosymbolism And The Dismemberment Of The State In The Horn Of Africa: The Ethiopian Case Of Ethnic Federalism, Assefa Mehretu
International Conference on African Development Archives
The paper has three major objectives. The first is to do a critical review of the current largely antagonistic narratives of ethnic instrumentalism in Ethiopia and the Horn of Africa that have ultimately led to the balkanization of the state and caused serious political instability and fratricidal conflicts with traumatic and costly consequences in the region. The second is to do a critical review of the policy of the current Ethiopian government to implement ethno-territorial formations under the rubric of killils (Amharic for territorial enclosures), and to demonstrate how this may seriously vitiate national integration along compatible cultural and economic …
Maternal Education And Child Nutrition: Evidence From The 2000 And 2005 Ethiopian Demographic And Health Surveys, Alemayehu Azeze Ambel
Maternal Education And Child Nutrition: Evidence From The 2000 And 2005 Ethiopian Demographic And Health Surveys, Alemayehu Azeze Ambel
International Conference on African Development Archives
I used the 2000 and 2005 Ethiopian Demographic and Health Surveys to analyze the effect of maternal education and its pathways on chronic and acute malnutrition in Ethiopia. The pathways examined in this study are socioeconomic status, maternal health-seeking behavior, maternal knowledge of health and family planning and reproductive behavior. I find that maternal education works through all except health-seeking behavior. I also find that maternal education and its pathways are more relevant and robust in explaining chronic than acute malnutrition. Socioeconomic status is the most important factor linking maternal education and child nutritional status. Although girls’ education is a …
Challenges Of Regional Peace After The Comprehensive Peace Agreement In Sudan, Elke Grawert
Challenges Of Regional Peace After The Comprehensive Peace Agreement In Sudan, Elke Grawert
International Conference on African Development Archives
The Comprehensive Peace Agreement (CPA), concluded between the Government of Sudan and the leadership of the Sudan People's Liberation Army (SPLA) in January 2005, ended a 22 years lasting civil war. The core of the CPA document is the agreement on power and wealth sharing, tackling the main causes of the conflict: unfair distribution of power and marginalization of the majority of the population. The conclusion of the CPA is not only the merit of the two warring parties but also an outcome of the commitment of the Intergovernmental Authority on Development (IGAD), the special envoy of the Kenyan government, …
A Problem Of Social Capital And Cultural Norms?, Salaam Yitbarek
A Problem Of Social Capital And Cultural Norms?, Salaam Yitbarek
International Conference on African Development Archives
This paper asserts that in Ethiopian society, there exist certain cultural norms or ‘dysfunctional behaviours’ that inhibit effective communication, lead to intra-group conflict, and make conflict resolution difficult. This has resulted in a diminished capacity for cooperation and a dearth of social capital and civil society, which does not bode well for development and democracy. It is imperative that research is expanded in the neglected area of cultural norms and social capital in Ethiopian society, and that intervention strategies are designed to increase social capital by addressing cultural norms directly through social marketing, awareness raising, and other mechanisms.
What Role Should Civil Society Organizations Play To Address Ethnic Conflicts In Ethiopia?, Sisay Gebre-Egziabher
What Role Should Civil Society Organizations Play To Address Ethnic Conflicts In Ethiopia?, Sisay Gebre-Egziabher
International Conference on African Development Archives
The Ethiopian people are ethnically heterogeneous, speaking multiplicity languages comprising of more than 100 groups. Hence, the country presents a mosaic of nationalities, each speaking a dialect of one of more than 70 languages and has a long history of rich culture and strong social values. Although there were some ethnic-conflicts, that go back a long way, among few of the ethnic groups (mainly for control over resources, such as grazing land, water points, cultivable land), people solved such conflicts using their own conflict resolution mechanism; for instance elders meeting and community tribunal system. The indigenous civil society groups have …
Party Politics, Political Polarization And The Future Of Ethiopian Democracy, Merera Gudina
Party Politics, Political Polarization And The Future Of Ethiopian Democracy, Merera Gudina
International Conference on African Development Archives
A closer glance at the source of what appears to be a curse of history can be explained largely by the political polarization and fragmentation between and among Ethiopian political parties, which time and again failed to set a common agenda and mobilize millions for a common good.
Determinants Of Institutional Quality In Sub-Saharan African Countries, Eyerusalem G. Siba
Determinants Of Institutional Quality In Sub-Saharan African Countries, Eyerusalem G. Siba
International Conference on African Development Archives
In this study, a number of factors have been considered as potential determinants of institutional quality in sub-Saharan African countries. The empirical analysis has shown that historical factors such as state legitimacy determine the quality of current institutions in the region. Foreign aid dependence is found to erode quality of governance as measured by rule of law, government effectiveness and control of corruption. Variability of aid is found to counterbalance the destructive nature of high level of aid dependence. However, the last result is not retained in the robust regression analysis performed. Countries with strong political constraints on the ruling …
Investigation Of Quality Awareness, Developments And Factors Impeding Product Quality Improvement In Ethiopian Medium And Large Scale Manufacturing Industries, Gebremeskel Kahsay, P.H. Osanna, N.M. Durakbasa
Investigation Of Quality Awareness, Developments And Factors Impeding Product Quality Improvement In Ethiopian Medium And Large Scale Manufacturing Industries, Gebremeskel Kahsay, P.H. Osanna, N.M. Durakbasa
International Conference on African Development Archives
The quest for quality products together with the convergence of our globe into a village has forced manufacturing industries to run under highly competitive environment even to the most sophisticated western industries. The challenge is becoming twofold for manufacturing industries of developing countries in general and Ethiopian manufacturing industries in particular. They are rapidly losing the domestic market for imported products which are cheaper and better in quality in most cases. This empirical research examines quality awareness and developments as well as identifies factors affecting product quality based on a survey conducted in a total of 35 Ethiopian medium and …
Critical Factors Hampering Agricultural Productivity In Ethiopia: The Case Of Northern Ethiopian Farmers, Yezihalem Tesfa Dagnaw
Critical Factors Hampering Agricultural Productivity In Ethiopia: The Case Of Northern Ethiopian Farmers, Yezihalem Tesfa Dagnaw
International Conference on African Development Archives
Why we Ethiopians are celebrated for unforgettable images of chronically malnourished children with large skeletal heads clinging to their mothers dried up breasts? Why we are still forced to seek for food aid when there is ample local potential to feed ourselves? Why does drought, famine return almost every decade in Ethiopia? The paper attempts to demonstrate convincingly that Ethiopian droughts and famines are not sudden natural disasters nor are they simply caused by lack of rainfall. It tries to show the weaknesses of successive strategic development related policies intended to reverse the situation which considered and treated natural factors …
Influence Of Credit Constraint On Technical Efficiency Of Farm Households In Southeastern Ethiopia, Hussien Hamda Komicha, Bo Öhlmer
Influence Of Credit Constraint On Technical Efficiency Of Farm Households In Southeastern Ethiopia, Hussien Hamda Komicha, Bo Öhlmer
International Conference on African Development Archives
Credit constraint not only affects the purchasing power of farmers to procure farm inputs and cover operating costs in the short run, but also their capacity to make farm-related investments as well as risk behaviour in technology choice and adoption. These, in turn, have influence on technical efficiency of the farmers. Although credit constraint problem has been recognized in economics literature, especially in those dealing with developing countries, little emphasis has been given to its effect on productive efficiency of farmers. In light of this, explicitly considering credit constraint, this paper estimated technical efficiency of credit-constrained (CCFH) and unconstrained farm …
The Contribution Of Farmers’ Breeders In Meeting Food Security: The Case Of Sorghum (Sorghum Bicolor (L.) Moench) In Ethiopia, Firew Mekbib
The Contribution Of Farmers’ Breeders In Meeting Food Security: The Case Of Sorghum (Sorghum Bicolor (L.) Moench) In Ethiopia, Firew Mekbib
International Conference on African Development Archives
Sorghum (Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench) is the fifth most important cereal crop worldwide and it is the third most important crop in Ethiopia. The national average yield amounts 1302 kg/ha. In order to assess the achievement in farmer breeding various types of research were undertaken. These include survey research to quantify the trend in productivity, the level of and reasons for adoption of improved varieties, yield performance and preference evaluation of farmers’ varieties (FVs) and improved varieties (IVs). As per the trend analysis over the last four decades, total production and yield per hectare has increased by 11.63% and …
Agricultural Research And Development In Ethiopia, Efrem Bechere
Agricultural Research And Development In Ethiopia, Efrem Bechere
International Conference on African Development Archives
To review past and current agricultural research activities and access their impact on agricultural development in Ethiopia and discuss some challenges and opportunities that need to be addressed.
U.S. Policy In The Horn Of Africa, James Swan
U.S. Policy In The Horn Of Africa, James Swan
International Conference on African Development Archives
No abstract provided.
Fiscal Response To External Finance: The Case Of Sub-Saharan Africa, Dawit Senbet, Aberra Senbeta
Fiscal Response To External Finance: The Case Of Sub-Saharan Africa, Dawit Senbet, Aberra Senbeta
International Conference on African Development Archives
The importance of capital accumulation for economic growth and hence development was widely recognized long time ago. However, developing countries - especially Sub-Saharan African countries, are still trapped in ‘vicious circle of poverty’ and failed to finance desired level of investment from their own domestic savings. Earlier models of development argued that these countries would come out of stagnation only if they got assistance from the developed world (Rodan 1961, and Chenery and Strout 1966). The two-gap model of Chenery and Strout (1966) showed that these countries are constrained with little domestic savings and foreign exchange earnings. The model predicted …
The Role Of Exchange Rate Uncertainty And Political Risk On Foreign Direct Investment Into Africa, Blen Solomon
The Role Of Exchange Rate Uncertainty And Political Risk On Foreign Direct Investment Into Africa, Blen Solomon
International Conference on African Development Archives
This study, examines the roles of macroeconomic uncertainty, political risk, as well as host country institutions, in affecting FDI inflows into African economies. The past few decades have witnessed a surge of FDI inflows to developing regions. However, FDI inflows to Africa still remain small when compared to other developing regions. What characteristics does Africa exhibit that deter FDI inflows into the region? Investor surveys show political instability, corruption and macroeconomic uncertainty to be strong deterrents of FDI inflows to Africa. However, there are very few studies in the literature that investigate rigorously the impact of macroeconomic uncertainty and political …
Aid, Growth And Poverty Alleviation In Ethiopia, Sintayehu Fissha
Aid, Growth And Poverty Alleviation In Ethiopia, Sintayehu Fissha
International Conference on African Development Archives
Ethiopia is one of the countries receiving large proportions of aid, especially since the introduction of the policy changes (1992) there is a substantial amount of aid flows. This lead to raise government expenditure on various productive activities, contribute either directly to the improvement of economic growth of the country (accelerator) and/or to the development of services (multiplier). In both ways I deem that the undergoing efforts made by the government using aid as an additional resource are contributing to the enhancement of the economic development of the country. But I still argue that the achievements made are not up …
Governance And Productivity: Microeconomic Evidence From Ethiopia, Daniel Zerfu
Governance And Productivity: Microeconomic Evidence From Ethiopia, Daniel Zerfu
International Conference on African Development Archives
We used household survey data from the rural Ethiopia to investigate the importance of governance for agricultural productivity. We argued that the impact of governance is household specific and identified some governance indicators accordingly. Trust in government and government officials, strength of property rights and personal contact with local authorities are identified as governance indicators. A stochastic frontier production function is specified and estimated to capture the effects of governance on productivity or technical efficiency of households. Our results show that improvement in governance could reduce technical inefficiencies significantly and hence could considerably boost productivity.
Households’ Willingness To Resettle And Preference To Forms Of Compensation For Improving Slum Areas In Addis Ababa City, Alebel Bayrau, Genanew Bekele
Households’ Willingness To Resettle And Preference To Forms Of Compensation For Improving Slum Areas In Addis Ababa City, Alebel Bayrau, Genanew Bekele
International Conference on African Development Archives
The spatial, physical and socio-economic condition of Addis Ababa City, in general, is by far behind the requirements fundamental to sustain the livelihood of the City population. The limitations of its current developmental trend and the depth of the existing environmental problems, coupled with the requirements of the projected population of more than 3.5 million people by the year 2010, entail reexamination of constraints and opportunities with the aim of devising appropriate measures and strategies for action. The suggested government intervention strategies, as stated in the report by ORAAMP, include: Relocation and resettlement of residents for efficient utilization of potential …
Towards Resolving The Ethiopia-Somalia Disputes, Daniel Kendie
Towards Resolving The Ethiopia-Somalia Disputes, Daniel Kendie
International Conference on African Development Archives
The 46-year-old dispute between Ethiopia and Somalia has been commonly called a “border dispute.” Contrary to that description, it may be more appropriate to portray it as a dispute that has been driven principally by economic interests and by the effort to control scarce resources. Among these interests and resources are the following: the struggle for water wells and fresh grazing pastures for nomads; the insecurity Somalia feels about the Juba and the Wabi Shibeli rivers, as their sources are in Ethiopia; the discovery of gas and oil in the Ogaden; Somalia’s challenging geographic shape that makes communication between the …
The Greater Horn Or Africa: Priming A Strategy And Mechanism For Greater Horn Of Africa Peace, Security And Development, Bt Costantinos
The Greater Horn Or Africa: Priming A Strategy And Mechanism For Greater Horn Of Africa Peace, Security And Development, Bt Costantinos
International Conference on African Development Archives
The paper will address threats to national security, real and potential, that include, among others: lack of constitutional order; incapacity to manage disputes; threats of invasion and destabilisation; terrorism; contested borders and natural resource jurisdiction – blood diamonds; small arms; poverty related unrest; ethnic conflicts; feeble governance institutions; human displacement and pandemics.
Commercial Offtake Of Cattle Under Smallholder Mixed Crop-Livestock Production System In Ethiopia, Its Determinants And Implications For Improving Live Animal Supply For Export Abattoirs, Asfaw Negassa, Mohammad Jabbar
Commercial Offtake Of Cattle Under Smallholder Mixed Crop-Livestock Production System In Ethiopia, Its Determinants And Implications For Improving Live Animal Supply For Export Abattoirs, Asfaw Negassa, Mohammad Jabbar
International Conference on African Development Archives
The main objective of this study is to assess the current commercial offtake rates for cattle and shoats in the highland areas of Ethiopia in order to overcome the limited empirical information related to the offtake rates. The specific objectives are: (1) to analyze the ownership and marketing behaviour of livestock producers, and (2) to identify factors affecting the market participation and commercial offtake of live animals by livestock producers.
2 Building Democratic Institutions Of Governance & Civil Institutions, Erku Yimer
2 Building Democratic Institutions Of Governance & Civil Institutions, Erku Yimer
International Conference on African Development Archives
The purposes of this paper are threefold. 1. To create a basic understanding of the nature of civic organizations and the role they play in democratization of society as practiced in Western societies. 2. To examine the scope and diversity of some traditional organizations like Idir and Shimglena/Mehal Sefari as practiced in various regions of Ethiopia. 3. To develop ways and means of incorporating and integrating some selected and important civic functions particularly into Idir and Shimglena.
Estimating Remittances From The United States To Ethiopia, Gezahegne Bekele
Estimating Remittances From The United States To Ethiopia, Gezahegne Bekele
International Conference on African Development Archives
No abstract provided.
Status Of Local Governance At Woreda/District Level In Ethiopia, Meskerem Shiferaw
Status Of Local Governance At Woreda/District Level In Ethiopia, Meskerem Shiferaw
International Conference on African Development Archives
In Ethiopia, about 50% of the population lives below poverty line. Efforts have been exerted to reverse the situation both by Government and Non-Government Organizations (NGOs); so far however solid results have not been achieved as expected. The question of “what has gone wrong?” has been coiling around in the minds of development practitioners. The international communities point their fingers at poor governance, corruption, internal and regional conflicts for the underdevelopment of the country. It was the outcome of these kinds of questions along with suggestions made that brought about the idea of promoting good governance in developing countries. The …