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Articles 61 - 90 of 248
Full-Text Articles in African Studies
Political Corruption, Critical Governance Problem Facing The Nigerian State: Comparative Assessment Of Various Regimes, Brian-Vincent Ikejiaku
Political Corruption, Critical Governance Problem Facing The Nigerian State: Comparative Assessment Of Various Regimes, Brian-Vincent Ikejiaku
Journal of African Policy Studies
This paper examines political corruption as the most critical problem of Governance besieging Nigeria, by looking at, assessing and comparing the various administrations, both the civil and the military. The state of poverty, peace and development in each government were used as assessment indicators. The focus is from 1979 when democracy was introduced in Nigeria to 2007 when President Obasanjo left the corridor of power. Whereas this paper uses few direct citations and evidence from other works/reports to support its case, it however argues that political corruption impacted negatively on the poverty, peace and development of the Nigerian state. The …
Cover And Table Of Contents, Institute On African Affairs
Cover And Table Of Contents, Institute On African Affairs
Journal of African Policy Studies
No abstract provided.
The Responsibility To Protect (R2p) And The Democratic Republic Of The Congo (Drc): An Analysis, Carrie Crawford
The Responsibility To Protect (R2p) And The Democratic Republic Of The Congo (Drc): An Analysis, Carrie Crawford
Journal of African Policy Studies
This paper examines the tragedy resulting from the conflict in the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC) and raises the question as to why the International Community has not responded throughout the many years the conflict has been going on. Using the UN doctrine of Responsibility to Protect (R2P), the paper shows the inconsistency in the application of the doctrine by the UN when it comes to the conflict in the DRC. This inconsistency, the paper argues, is due to the fact that the major powers do not see the DRC as sufficiently being in their national interest as say …
Insecurity And The African State: The Myth And Reality Of Armed Non-State Actors, Eliza M. Johannes
Insecurity And The African State: The Myth And Reality Of Armed Non-State Actors, Eliza M. Johannes
Journal of African Policy Studies
Armed non-state militia groups of different shades—comprising rebels, criminals, extremist religious militants, and other opportunistic outfits—have played a significant role in creating instability and undermining human security in Africa. The militia and rebel groups, including the Islamist militant groups have fomented unending ethnic and religious tensions and conflicts in the region. Cognizant of this state of affairs, in this paper I analyze and try to explain the rise of some notable militia groups in Kenya, Uganda, South Sudan, the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC), and the Central African Republic. While focusing on the Mungiki, the Mombasa Republican Council (MRC) in …
Waste Of Colossal Oil Revenues, Corruption And Lack Of Development In Nigeria: Five Decades Of Self-Governance And Four Decades Of Oil-Driven Economy, Tonyesima Furro
Waste Of Colossal Oil Revenues, Corruption And Lack Of Development In Nigeria: Five Decades Of Self-Governance And Four Decades Of Oil-Driven Economy, Tonyesima Furro
Journal of African Policy Studies
The study examines the circumstances that have continually plagued the Nigerian state to remain in its doldrums of underdevelopment after five decades of self-governance and four decades of oil driven economy. The nation has not been able to catapult itself from a Third World to that of developed nation such as South Korea, Singapore and Malaysia - all of which are less naturally endowed than Nigeria. The nation's economy has been supported by oil over the last 40 years. However, successive administrations both the generals and civilian rule have continued to follow similar patterns of squandering vast resources of the …
Anti-Corruption Inspections: A Missing Element Of The Imf/World Bank Agenda?, Stuart S. Yeh
Anti-Corruption Inspections: A Missing Element Of The Imf/World Bank Agenda?, Stuart S. Yeh
Journal of African Policy Studies
This article draws upon a range of empirical and theoretical literature to advance a theoretical argument that an international treaty is needed to establish international inspectors who would be empowered to conduct independent investigations into allegations of corruption. This type of treaty could serve to deter and reduce the level of corruption in sub-Saharan Africa, thereby promoting the rule of law, good governance, and economic growth in this region. In this view, a change in international law is needed to deter corruption and lay a foundation for good governance that would permit Western assistance to be effective. In contrast, the …
Cover And Table Of Contents, Institute On African Affairs
Cover And Table Of Contents, Institute On African Affairs
Journal of African Policy Studies
No abstract provided.
Book Reviews, Percyslage Chigora
Book Reviews, Percyslage Chigora
Journal of African Policy Studies
No abstract provided.
Anglophone Cameroon In Search Of Identity: Obstacles And Prospects, Tangie Nsoh Fonchingong
Anglophone Cameroon In Search Of Identity: Obstacles And Prospects, Tangie Nsoh Fonchingong
Journal of African Policy Studies
The former British Southern Cameroons opted in a UN organised plebiscite in 1961 to unify with La Republique du Cameroun to form a federation of two states that were said to be on a footing of equality. But contrary to declarations and expectations, the federation was not one of equal states. It was instead a veiled preparatory stage for the total assimilation of the Southern Cameroons into the highly centralised La Republique du Cameroun francophone unitary state. Through a number of assimilation stages, the Southern Cameroons has lost its autonomy to La Republique du Cameroun, its people marginalised, institutions destroyed, …
Foreign Investment And Repression In Lesotho, Amir Azarvan
Foreign Investment And Repression In Lesotho, Amir Azarvan
Journal of African Policy Studies
According to neoliberal theory, foreign direct investment enhances socioeconomic conditions in host countries, which in turn leads to democratization and greater protection of human rights. The structuralist theory, in contrast, holds that, in interaction with domestic unrest, foreign investment fosters repression. Lesotho serves as a fitting laboratory in which to test these competing theories. In 1995, the country had experienced a huge surge in foreign direct investment. In the period leading up to and during this increase, Lesotho was among the most impoverished countries in the world, and had a relatively poor human rights record. This confluence of factors makes …
Cover And Table Of Contents, Institute On African Affairs
Cover And Table Of Contents, Institute On African Affairs
Journal of African Policy Studies
No abstract provided.
Regional Variations In Maternal Mortality, Infant Mortality, And Infants With Low Birth Weight: Implications For Sub Sahara Africa And Gender-Sensitive Policies, Guang-Zhen Wang
Journal of African Policy Studies
The paper examines regional variations in maternal mortality, infant mortality, and percentage infants with low birth weight in relation to economic development, gender equality, and women's rights by using data obtained from 137 developing countries (or areas). The 137 developing countries are divided into six regions: sub-Saharan Africa (N=45), Arab states (N=20), East Asia/Pacific (N=28), South Asia (N=9), Latin America/Caribbean (N=33), and Southern Europe (N=2). To examine regional variations, this paper is divided into four parts. The first part discusses regional variations in maternal mortality, infant mortality, and infants with low birth weight across and within regions. Part two focuses …
The Impact Of Trade Liberalisation On Agricultural Productivity In South Africa: An Empirical Study, Ravinder Rena, M. Y. Teweldemedhin, H. D. Van Schalkwyk
The Impact Of Trade Liberalisation On Agricultural Productivity In South Africa: An Empirical Study, Ravinder Rena, M. Y. Teweldemedhin, H. D. Van Schalkwyk
Journal of African Policy Studies
This study attempts to examine the empirical relationship between trade and total factor productivity (TFP) in the agricultural sector using both cross-sectional (across nine agricultural commodities) and time-series analysis. The ordinary least square (OLS) results from the cross-sectional analysis confirm that export shares and capital formation were found to be positive and significant, whereas import shares and real exchange rate were found to be related negatively. However, the net effect of export and import shares had a positive effect. This implies that trade liberalisation causes productivity gains. Moreover, the time-series analysis goes in the same direction as the cross-sectional results, …
Factors Affecting Voting Behavior And Voting Patterns In Zimbabwe's 2008 Harmonized Elections, Dorothy Goredema, Percyslage Chigora
Factors Affecting Voting Behavior And Voting Patterns In Zimbabwe's 2008 Harmonized Elections, Dorothy Goredema, Percyslage Chigora
Journal of African Policy Studies
Elections in Zimbabwe in 2008 reflected a changing behavior and pattern that has existed since her attainment of independence in 1980. History has it that the ruling ZANU PF has always had a sweet and easy victory over the opposition. The 2008 elections reflected a different picture. The 2008 elections were unique not only in as far as results are concerned but also in as far as the indirect and direct players' contributions. The uniqueness was manifested in behavior of the voters and the parties themselves. There were many political contesters and many offices up for grabs at once. These …
Cover And Table Of Contents, Institute On African Affairs
Cover And Table Of Contents, Institute On African Affairs
Journal of African Policy Studies
No abstract provided.
The Choice Of Monetary Targets In Periods Of Structural Adjustment: The Case Of Nigeria, Oluwole Owoye, Olugbenga A. Onafowora
The Choice Of Monetary Targets In Periods Of Structural Adjustment: The Case Of Nigeria, Oluwole Owoye, Olugbenga A. Onafowora
Journal of African Policy Studies
This paper examines the choice of monetary targets in Nigeria since the introduction of the Structural Adjustment Program (SAP) in 1986. We employed cointegration vector error correction methodology using quarterly in order to ascertain if M2 targeting over Ml targeting was a prudent monetary policy rule. We tested for the stability of real Ml and real M2 money demand functions and found the former to be an unstable during the SAP period. Both the CUSUM and CUSUMSQ tests confirmed the stability of the short- and long-run parameters of the real M2 money demand function but not for real M1. The …
The Politics Of Nigeria And The Development Of The Niger Delta Region, Andrew O. Efemini
The Politics Of Nigeria And The Development Of The Niger Delta Region, Andrew O. Efemini
Journal of African Policy Studies
The paper argues that Nigeria's underdevelopment cannot be adequately explained and appreciated unless we come to terms with the bad politics and faulty democratization processes it has pursued as a country. The Niger Delta Region is singled out as one region where Nigeria's bad politics manifest so negatively. The region suffers from dependency of the central government and other regions on the oil resources from the region. The Nigerian State has not been able to reposition itself as a truly democratic State with fair and just basic institutions. Institutions that are truly federal in character and promote citizenship rights are …
Economic Integration As A Contribution To Sustainable Development In The Horn Of Africa, Mengsteab Tesfayohannes, Hany Besada
Economic Integration As A Contribution To Sustainable Development In The Horn Of Africa, Mengsteab Tesfayohannes, Hany Besada
Journal of African Policy Studies
The Horn of Africa is one of the most geopolitically important regions of the world, with great human and natural resource potential. Unfortunately, the region is notorious for its crises and instability. This is due to internal and external destabilising factors related to ethnicity, tribalism, resource sharing, poverty, superpower rivalry, porous borders and hegemonic desires. Although it differs slightly between countries, the average per capita gross domestic product (GDP) of the region is less than $200. Gender disparity in education and economic activity is prevalent in the region at all levels. Over 75% of the labour force is engaged in …
Cover And Table Of Contents, Institute On African Affairs
Cover And Table Of Contents, Institute On African Affairs
Journal of African Policy Studies
No abstract provided.
The Global Economic And Financial Crisis: An Overview Of The Effects On African Countries, Oluwole Owoye
The Global Economic And Financial Crisis: An Overview Of The Effects On African Countries, Oluwole Owoye
Journal of African Policy Studies
In the wake of the global economic and financial cnsts, experts and analysts agreed that the initial effects on African financial sectors would be minimal because of the limited exposure to the international financial markets. However, African countries are more integrated than before with the world economy through the following transmission channels: international trade, foreign direct and portfolio investments, foreign aid flows, private remittances, and tourism; and since they are predominantly primary commodity exporters, their economies was negatively affected by the recession in many developed countries due to the sharp decline in world demand for commodities and in their prices. …
The Influence Of Christianity And Islam On Educational Attainment In Africa: Using Literacy Rates As An Indicator, Natalia A. Castaner
The Influence Of Christianity And Islam On Educational Attainment In Africa: Using Literacy Rates As An Indicator, Natalia A. Castaner
Journal of African Policy Studies
This is a quantitative research study using current data from the United States Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) World Factbook and the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) Member States through its Institute for Statistics (UIS) annual data collection for the 57 countries in Africa. This study shows that a religious factor, i.e., Christianity and Islam, has a significant effect on the levels of educational attainment within each specific country in Africa. This study illustrates the need to consider the impact religion has on educational attainment in Africa.
An Empirical Analysis Of The Microfoundation Of Demand For Money Theory In Nigeria, Kenneth Ofori-Boateng, Perekunah B. Eregha
An Empirical Analysis Of The Microfoundation Of Demand For Money Theory In Nigeria, Kenneth Ofori-Boateng, Perekunah B. Eregha
Journal of African Policy Studies
The study examines the microfoundations of money demand function specifically the Sidrauski model of money in the utility function was adopted for Nigeria. Data for the study were extracted from the Central Bank of Nigeria Statistical and Economic Review Bulletin (various issues) and used Error Correction Specification which tied the short run to the long run relationships. The result of the study confirms the Sidrauski conclusion that consumption expenditure has positive impact on money demand. The study then concludes by recommending that for a developing country like Nigeria monetary policy requires careful examination of the microfoundations behavior underpinning monetary economics …
Public Policy Formulation And Implementation In A Democratic Nigeria: Insights From Anti-Poverty Initiatives, J. Shola Omotola
Public Policy Formulation And Implementation In A Democratic Nigeria: Insights From Anti-Poverty Initiatives, J. Shola Omotola
Journal of African Policy Studies
This paper has undertaken a critical analysis of public policy formulation and implementation in Nigeria, with graphic illustrations from anti-poverty policies since 1999 most notably the Poverty Alleviation Program (PAP), The National Poverty Eradication Program (NAPEP) and National Economic Empowerment and Development Strategy (NEEDS). As a condition of deprivation that impedes human development, poverty represents a policy major problem in Nigeria. The pervasiveness of poverty today, despite these policy interventions, attests to the failure and ineffectiveness of the new environment of democracy, despite its promise, to improve the policy process. The may not be unconnected with the deep-rooted undemocratic legacies …
Cover And Table Of Contents, Institute On African Affairs
Cover And Table Of Contents, Institute On African Affairs
Journal of African Policy Studies
No abstract provided.
Micro Finance In Eritrea: A Catalyst For Women Development, Ravinder Rena
Micro Finance In Eritrea: A Catalyst For Women Development, Ravinder Rena
Journal of African Policy Studies
The microfinance refers to small-scale financial services (primarily credit and savings) provided to people who engage in the farming, fishing and operate micro-enterprises to gain subsistence income from these activities and subsequently support the rural economy. Microfinance is a highly accepted and recognized development tool. It has been playing a vital role in many developing countries of the world. The women are considered to be a pillar of the society and economy. For example, 45 per cent of the measurable Gross Domestic Income comes from the work of women in the world's richest countries. Eritrea, a poor but young nation …
Fostering Constructive Public And Private Sector Linkages For Agricultural Research And Development In Sub Saharan Africa, Kefasi Nyikahadzoi, Adewale Adekunle
Fostering Constructive Public And Private Sector Linkages For Agricultural Research And Development In Sub Saharan Africa, Kefasi Nyikahadzoi, Adewale Adekunle
Journal of African Policy Studies
Investing in agricultural research and development is critical for improving livelihoods of the resource poor in Sub Saharan Africans and also for the conservation of natural resource. While on the global level, the contribution of public sector to agriculture research and development investment is declining; the private sector is coming in to fill the gap. In Sub Saharan Africa, private sector involvement in agriculture research and development is still very limited. This paper uses secondary data and information coming out of the Sub Saharan Africa Challenge Programme to discuss the constraints that inhibit private sector involvement in agriculture research and …
Democracy And Poverty: The Nigerian Experience, Tonyesima Furro
Democracy And Poverty: The Nigerian Experience, Tonyesima Furro
Journal of African Policy Studies
This study examines the plight of the poor within the new democratic rule in Nigeria. Since the inception of democracy in 1999, there has been a sustained prosperity in terms of oil windfall that swells government's revenues on the order of over $30 billion annually. For the first time in over 20 years, the GDP growth rate is 7.5 percent. The nation has accumulated an impressive foreign exchange reserve of $60 billions. This reserve is the highest ever in sub-Saharan Africa. However, this financial outlay has not resulted in improved standard of living of the broad majority of the people. …
Cover And Table Of Contents, Institute On African Affairs
Cover And Table Of Contents, Institute On African Affairs
Journal of African Policy Studies
No abstract provided.
Beyond The Geometry Of State Sovereignty: Regionalism And Non-State Actors In The Southern African Development Community (Sadc), Lesley Blaauw
Beyond The Geometry Of State Sovereignty: Regionalism And Non-State Actors In The Southern African Development Community (Sadc), Lesley Blaauw
Journal of African Policy Studies
The collapse of the Cold War and accelerated globalization have reshaped the international political economy and in the process ignited a new impetus for regionalism. This paper posits that despite the transformation of SADCC into SADC, regional integration in southern Africa remains quintessentially statist with minimal (if any) involvement of civil society organizations and the private sector. This suggests that states in SADC remain crucial in lending scope and providing guidance about the content and character of regional integration. There is, therefore, in SADC, not yet a realization about the complimentary roles to be played by states, civil society organizations …
Review Essay: Pius Msekwa's Reflections On Tanzania's First Multiparty Parliament: 1995-2000, Alexander B. Makulilo
Review Essay: Pius Msekwa's Reflections On Tanzania's First Multiparty Parliament: 1995-2000, Alexander B. Makulilo
Journal of African Policy Studies
No abstract provided.