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2015

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Articles 841 - 870 of 1156

Full-Text Articles in International and Area Studies

The Future Of Food Assistance: Opportunities And Challenges, Erin Lentz Feb 2015

The Future Of Food Assistance: Opportunities And Challenges, Erin Lentz

Penn State Journal of Law & International Affairs (2012 - Present)

The past decade has seen a radical remaking of direct food security interventions and an expanded understanding of preventing undernutrition. Today, there are more food assistance choices; researchers have identified the first 1000 days as a critical window for life-long cognitive development and health outcomes; and our understanding of the value of more tailored, nutritionally-specific interventions has expanded. The opportunities resulting from these findings can generate more effective food assistance programs. However, benefits from these findings will only be achieved if policymakers and practitioners clarify and prioritize among objectives and seek ways to build greater programming flexibility into the current …

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The World Trade Organization Agreement On Agriculture And World Food Security, David Blandford Feb 2015

The World Trade Organization Agreement On Agriculture And World Food Security, David Blandford

Penn State Journal of Law & International Affairs (2012 - Present)

This article discusses the nature of food insecurity in poor countries, its causes, and how these can be addressed. Disciplines are imposed on domestic agricultural policies through World Trade Organization (WTO) agreements, in particular the Agreement on Agriculture (AoA), resulting from the Uruguay Round negotiations that were completed in 1994. The AoA provides considerable flexibility for countries to pursue a range of economically efficient policies aimed at food security objectives. However, it limits the use of some policy measures, such as price supports and input subsidies, that can be costly and inefficient, and also has negative environmental consequences. There is …

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Land Is Not The New Oil: What The Nigerian Oil Experience Can Teach South Sudan About Balancing The Risks And Benefits Of Large Scale Land Acquisition, Scott P. Stedjan Feb 2015

Land Is Not The New Oil: What The Nigerian Oil Experience Can Teach South Sudan About Balancing The Risks And Benefits Of Large Scale Land Acquisition, Scott P. Stedjan

Penn State Journal of Law & International Affairs (2012 - Present)

Recent global food price volatility combined with the growing use of agricultural land to produce biofuels has sparked a global scramble for land, with Sub-Saharan African countries serving as the main targets for investors. Derided as “land-grabbing” by those opposed to the practice, the phenomenon of large-scale acquisition of farmland by governments and private investors sparked a global debate since the global food crisis of 2008. Although international investment in agriculture plays a vital role in development and poverty reduction, large scale international investment poses some serious risks to both communities and international investors. Because there are no signs of …

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Not In My Backyard: Unconventional Gas Development And Local Land Use In Pennsylvania And Alberta, Canada, Nathaniel L. Foote Feb 2015

Not In My Backyard: Unconventional Gas Development And Local Land Use In Pennsylvania And Alberta, Canada, Nathaniel L. Foote

Penn State Journal of Law & International Affairs (2012 - Present)

Pennsylvania has struggled with rapid expansion in the state's unconventional oil and gas sector with the development of the Marcellus Shale formation. Likewise, Alberta, Canada has experienced similar growth. Yet Pennsylvania and Alberta's approaches to local land use and resource extraction differ considerably. This paper discusses each region's experience with oil and gas development, and contrasts their approaches to land use regulation in this context. The paper concludes that the Canadians' approach holds important lessons for Pennsylvania.

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Foreword, Scott P. Stedjan Feb 2015

Foreword, Scott P. Stedjan

Penn State Journal of Law & International Affairs (2012 - Present)

No abstract provided.

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Geopolitics Of Resource Scarcity, Kent Hughes Butts Feb 2015

Geopolitics Of Resource Scarcity, Kent Hughes Butts

Penn State Journal of Law & International Affairs (2012 - Present)

No abstract provided.

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From Scarcity To Abundance: The Changing Dynamics Of Energy Conflict, Michael T. Klare Feb 2015

From Scarcity To Abundance: The Changing Dynamics Of Energy Conflict, Michael T. Klare

Penn State Journal of Law & International Affairs (2012 - Present)

Energy security and geopolitics have played a pivotal role in international affairs for a very long time, ever since the development of oil-powered vehicles and weapons of war. Until recently, the geopolitics of energy have largely been governed by perceptions of scarcity—the assumption that oil and other energy reserves were relatively limited, and that competition over their exploitation would lead to recurring crisis and conflict. However, the recent utilization of advanced extractive technologies—including deep-sea drilling and hydraulic fracturing—have resulted in unexpected production gains and fostered a sense that abundance, rather than scarcity, will govern the future energy picture. …

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U.S. Aid To Agriculture: Shifting Focus From Production To Sustainable Food Security, Marc J. Cohen Feb 2015

U.S. Aid To Agriculture: Shifting Focus From Production To Sustainable Food Security, Marc J. Cohen

Penn State Journal of Law & International Affairs (2012 - Present)

Since the 1960s, agriculture has waxed and waned as a key theme of U.S. international development assistance. In the 1970s, the United States and other donors focused on “growing the pile of food” through the use of high-yielding cereal grain varieties, mineral fertilizer, and synthetic pesticides in developing countries—the Green Revolution. This led to huge productivity increases and lower food prices in Asia and Latin America. But donors paid less attention to questions of equity, environmental sustainability, and gender equality. Due to increased food availability at lower prices, the United States and other donors reduced their focus on aid to …

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Global Hunger And The World Trade Organization: How The International Trade Rules Address Food Security, Terence P. Stewart, Stephanie Manaker Bell Feb 2015

Global Hunger And The World Trade Organization: How The International Trade Rules Address Food Security, Terence P. Stewart, Stephanie Manaker Bell

Penn State Journal of Law & International Affairs (2012 - Present)

No abstract provided.

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Media Policies And The Quest For Freedom Of Expression In Tunisia's Democratic Process, Olfa Rashid El Sellami Feb 2015

Media Policies And The Quest For Freedom Of Expression In Tunisia's Democratic Process, Olfa Rashid El Sellami

Theses and Dissertations

This thesis examines media policies in the context of Tunisia’s democratic process. It describes and analyzes these policies and to what extent they answer the quest for freedom of expression. The relation between media policies and democratization shows the role of media policy change in enhancing the democratic process and its consolidation. While applying several theories, this study emphasizes the role of free press for a sustainable democracy. The significance of this study is to call attention towards the function and the responsibility of media freedom during the country’s transitional period to be a contributor to the consolidation of policy …

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Nguyen Khac Huynh [Vietnam, Diplomat], Nguyen Khac Huynh Feb 2015

Nguyen Khac Huynh [Vietnam, Diplomat], Nguyen Khac Huynh

Digital Narratives of Asia

Nguyen Khac Huynh was a key member of the 1968-1973 Paris Peace Talks on the Vietnam War. He talks to DNA about how Vietnam managed to negotiate a settlement that saw the US withdraw from South Vietnam, despite being a weaker power. Hear also the long-time diplomat, soldier and academic's thoughts on the qualities of a good leader.

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Dreaming In Chiapas, Eileen Smith-Cavros Feb 2015

Dreaming In Chiapas, Eileen Smith-Cavros

Quadrivium: A Journal of Multidisciplinary Scholarship

A painting inspired by the girls of Chiapas, Mexico.

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Re-Imagining Home: Operation Pedro Pan In The Cuban-American Imaginary, Yvette Fuentes Feb 2015

Re-Imagining Home: Operation Pedro Pan In The Cuban-American Imaginary, Yvette Fuentes

Quadrivium: A Journal of Multidisciplinary Scholarship

An exploration of the traumatic events of Operation Pedro Pan, where over 14,000 Cuban children traveled alone to the United States between December 1960 and October 1962. The program was organized by the Catholic Welfare Bureau of Miami and the U.S. State Department due to requests from Cuban parents who feared their children would be indoctrinated in Marxism by the new revolutionary government.

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Is The Cultural Revolution Relevant In Modern China?, Singapore Management University Feb 2015

Is The Cultural Revolution Relevant In Modern China?, Singapore Management University

Perspectives@SMU

The short answer is "yes" to two things: charismatic leadership within the Chinese Communist Party, and dealing with democracy

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South Africa: Building For The Future, Singapore Management University Feb 2015

South Africa: Building For The Future, Singapore Management University

Perspectives@SMU

Africa’s second-largest economy seeks to get back on the road to growth

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Indonesia’S Challenges, Singapore Management University Feb 2015

Indonesia’S Challenges, Singapore Management University

Perspectives@SMU

Supply side constraints will be key to how South East Asia’s largest country maintains the six percent growth it needs to tackle the poverty rate and grow

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Daringly Different: The Making Of The Singapore Management University, Kevin Y. L. Tan Feb 2015

Daringly Different: The Making Of The Singapore Management University, Kevin Y. L. Tan

Oral History Collection

This is a book about the founding and early years of Asia’s first university in the 21st century - the Singapore Management University or SMU. It provides a background to tertiary education in Singapore to set the scene and offer the reader a glimpse of the landscape in which the remarkable changes leading to SMU’s establishment, and ramifications flowing therefrom, took place. So many of the key actors who were intimately connected to this grand story are still around and actively engaged in the life of SMU, and thus the book benefitted greatly from first-hand interviews with a number of …

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The Bandar Seri Begawan Report: National Landscape, Current Challenges And Opportunities For Growth, Institute For Societal Leadership, Lai Cheng Lim Feb 2015

The Bandar Seri Begawan Report: National Landscape, Current Challenges And Opportunities For Growth, Institute For Societal Leadership, Lai Cheng Lim

Institute of Societal Leadership Research Collection

Brunei, known as the “Abode of Peace”, is a small state in Southeast Asia located on the north-west coast of the island of Borneo in the Indonesian Archipelago. Its 161 kilometres of coastline faces the South China Sea while it is enclosed on land by the Malaysian state of Sarawak, which divides it in two. Brunei Darussalam comprises four districts, Brunei-Muara (where the capital Bandar Seri Begawan is situated), Tutong, Belait and Temburong.

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War, Fields, And Competing Economies Of Death. Lessons From The Blockade Of Leningrad, Jeffrey K. Hass Feb 2015

War, Fields, And Competing Economies Of Death. Lessons From The Blockade Of Leningrad, Jeffrey K. Hass

Sociology and Anthropology Faculty Publications

War can create a massive amount of death while also straining the capacity of states and civilians to cope with disposing of the dead. This paper argues that such moments exacerbate contradictions between three fields and “economies” (logics of interaction and exchange) – a political, market, and moral economy of disposal – in which order and control, commodification and opportunism, and dignity are core logics. Each logic and economy, operating in its own field, provides an interpretation of the dead that emerges from field logics of normal organization, status, and meanings of subjects (as legal entities, partners in negotiation, and …

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Number 1 - Resistance Is Fruitful: Bijagos Of Guinea-Bissau, Brandon D. Lundy Feb 2015

Number 1 - Resistance Is Fruitful: Bijagos Of Guinea-Bissau, Brandon D. Lundy

Peace and Conflict Management Working Papers Series

Drawing on both ethnographic and historical accounts, this paper describes how ethnic identification patterns of belonging are fashioned out of localized, national, regional, and global processes of both engagement and protectionism. The Bijagos of Guinea-Bissau have maintained a sense of group cohesion during periods of contact, conflict, and resistance. This paper argues that the contemporary local-global interplay is fostering a new moment of rupture in time and space for the Bijagos. The Bijagos, oft footnoted in the accounts of Bissau-Guinean culture and history, are actively contributing to the social dialogue of resistance against the homogenizing effects of globalization. How do …

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Mayan Women’S Organized Weaving Projects In The Guatemalan Highlands: Narratives Of Struggle And Resistance, Maggie Richardson Feb 2015

Mayan Women’S Organized Weaving Projects In The Guatemalan Highlands: Narratives Of Struggle And Resistance, Maggie Richardson

Audre Lorde Prize

No abstract provided.

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La Poética Del Enrarecimiento En La Mujer Sin Cabeza (2008), De Lucrecia Martel, Karina Elizabeth Vázquez Feb 2015

La Poética Del Enrarecimiento En La Mujer Sin Cabeza (2008), De Lucrecia Martel, Karina Elizabeth Vázquez

Latin American, Latino and Iberian Studies Faculty Publications

El cine de Lucrecia Martel frecuentemente ha sido abordado desde perspectivas que privilegian las problemáticas de género, así como la memoria y el trauma en relación con la última dictadura militar argentina. Si bien estas miradas sobre la producción de Martel son apropiadas, especialmente aquellas que se enfocan en las relaciones familiares disfuncionales y las dinámicas de poder en los feudos provinciales, se ha dejado de lado el contenido crítico que presentan sobre el tema del empleo doméstico y la relación entre formas de precariedad laboral e impunidad social. Este ensayo propone una lectura de La mujer sin cabeza (2008), …

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Infrastructure Provision, Gender And Poverty In Indian Slums, Prithi Parikh, Kun Fu, Himanshu Parikh, Allan Mcrobie, Gerard George Feb 2015

Infrastructure Provision, Gender And Poverty In Indian Slums, Prithi Parikh, Kun Fu, Himanshu Parikh, Allan Mcrobie, Gerard George

Research Collection Lee Kong Chian School Of Business

We examine the relationship between infrastructure provision and poverty alleviation by analyzing 500 interviews conducted in serviced and non-serviced slums in India. Using a mixed-method approach of qualitative analysis and regression modeling, we find that infrastructure was associated with a 66% increase in education among females. Service provision increased literacy by 62%, enhanced income by 36%, and reduced health costs by 26%. Evidence suggests that a gender-sensitive consideration of infrastructure is necessary and that a ‘one-size-fits-all’ approach will not suffice. We provide evidence that infrastructure investment is critical for well-being of slum dwellers and women in particular.

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Norms And Military Interventions, Guest Post By Jacob I. Ricks, Jacob Ricks Feb 2015

Norms And Military Interventions, Guest Post By Jacob I. Ricks, Jacob Ricks

Research Collection School of Social Sciences

On 10 February 2015, Prime Minister Prayuth Chan-ocha, with his usual candor, told reporters that “Thailand is different from other countries. If something cannot be solved [by the government], the military will solve it.”[1] This statement embodies a number of assumptions, but perhaps most important for Thailand today is the idea that military intervention is a perfectly legitimate method of overcoming political challenges.

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Probing The Law On Probation: Suggestions For Reform, Darius Chan Feb 2015

Probing The Law On Probation: Suggestions For Reform, Darius Chan

Research Collection Yong Pung How School Of Law

To any criminal law practitioner, the Court’s power to grant probation as a sentencing option is of significant importance. Probation represents, to their clients, the key out of incarceration.Section 5 of the Probation of Offenders Act (Cap 252, 1985 Rev Ed) (“POA”) sets out the power of the Singapore Courts to grant probation. Section 5 uses three peculiar terms to create three categories of offences, namely:1. Sentences which are “fixed by law”; 2. Sentences carrying “specified minimum sentences”; and 3. Sentences carrying “mandatory minimum sentences”.For the latter two categories of offences, the Court can only grant probation if the offender:1. …

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Textualizing Cultures: Thinking Beyond The Mit Controversy, William A. Callahan Feb 2015

Textualizing Cultures: Thinking Beyond The Mit Controversy, William A. Callahan

Research Collection School of Social Sciences

This essay examines how the MIT Controversy hardened identities in terms of the time worn template of geopolitical conflict of national stereotypes. It critically analyzes the Chinese students’ response to the “Visualizing Cultures” project by putting it in the context of the PRC’s patriotic education policy that securitizes culture by focusing on identity as difference in a zero-sum game that distinguishes civilization from barbarism, and China from the rest of the world. It critically analyzes the professors response to the controversy by highlighting how meaning is not only produced by the author; it is also consumed by various audiences that …

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El Transnacionalismo Y La Identidad Judia En La Obra De Isaac Goldemberg, Jose Goni Feb 2015

El Transnacionalismo Y La Identidad Judia En La Obra De Isaac Goldemberg, Jose Goni

Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects

The objective of this research is to study the work of Isaac Goldemberg, a Peruvian writer of Jewish roots who settled for several years in the United States. His work shows a combination of elements that reflect both his Jewish origin and his country of birth. I believe that studies of Jewish Latin American writers are scarce. They have been approached from a sociological, anthropological, religious and historical perspective, but not from a literary one. Therefore, I intend to make a literary analysis of Goldemberg's work first, and secondly, an interpretation of his Jewish identity and his transnationalism as shown …

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Juan Bautista Aguirre (1725-1786) Y Los Orígenes De La Nación Ecuatoriana, Alex Paul Lima Feb 2015

Juan Bautista Aguirre (1725-1786) Y Los Orígenes De La Nación Ecuatoriana, Alex Paul Lima

Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects

The purpose of this study is to demonstrate how mid-eighteenth century notions of patria, nación, and Nuestra América predate latter nation-building constructs, particularly at the turn of the 19th century. Benedict Anderson's (1991) assertion that Spanish-American Creoles attained a sense of belonging to an "imagined community", towards the end of the 18thcentury,fails to take into account the limitations of print capitalism due to extremely low literacy rates and rare access to the printing press. This dissertation focuses on the life and work of Jesuit poet, orator, and philosopher Juan Bautista Aguirre (Daule [Ecuador], 1725-Tivoli [Italy], 1786). His poems and sermons, …

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Right To Land And The Rule Of Law: Infrastructure, Urbanization And Resistance In India, Preeti Sampat Feb 2015

Right To Land And The Rule Of Law: Infrastructure, Urbanization And Resistance In India, Preeti Sampat

Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects

The Special Economic Zones Act 2005, a critical infrastructure model, was enacted in India in two days amid total political consensus. Within two years, intense conflicts over land and resources erupted in SEZ areas across the country between corporate developers, the state, and peasants' and citizens' groups. In the ensuing furor, several SEZs foundered and Goa state unprecedentedly revoked its SEZ policy, suspending 15 SEZs, some with construction underway. Amid raging debates and accusations of corrupt real estate deals over SEZs and other "infrastructure" and urbanization investments, the central (federal) government attempted to redraft land acquisition policy, eventually enacting a …

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Performing Blackness In A Mulatto Society: Negotiating Racial Identity Through Music In The Dominican Republic, Angelina Maria Tallaj-García Feb 2015

Performing Blackness In A Mulatto Society: Negotiating Racial Identity Through Music In The Dominican Republic, Angelina Maria Tallaj-García

Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects

My dissertation analyzes Dominican racial and ethnic identity through an examination of music and music cultures. Previous studies of Dominican identity have focused primarily on the racialized invention of the Dominican nation as white, or non-black, often centering on the building of Dominican identity in (sometimes violent) opposition to the Haitian nation and to Haitian racial identity. I argue that although Dominicans have not developed an explicit verbal discourse of black affirmation, blackness (albeit a contextually contingent articulation) is embedded in popular conceptions of dominicanidad ("Dominicanness") and is enacted through music. My dissertation explores ways in which popular notions of …

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