International and Area Studies Commons^™

Impact Of Government Policies On The Development Of Ict In Ethiopia, Dawit Bekele

International Conference on African Development Archives

During the last decades Information and Communication Technology (ICT) has changed the lives of a vast portion of the world’s population. Beyond any doubt, the impact of ICT on the human civilization will continue to be very important for decades to come.

Coffee-Enset-Livestock Interaction For Sustainable Livelihood In The Sidama Area Of Southern Ethiopia, Tsegaye Yilma

International Conference on African Development Archives

The coffee growing areas of Sidama, the midlands, are one of the densely populated areas in Ethiopia, with a population density of 500 persons per arable land. Coffee serves as the major cash source to the farm household, which expends the cash to its different uses one of which is asset formation through the purchase of livestock. Livestock of different type are reared with small herd size in the area. The population pressure brought land to be the most limiting production constraint. Due to its limitation the available land is mainly allocated to the major staple food of the area, …

Decision Making On Manure Use And Fallowing As Soil Fertility Maintenance Techniques In The Northern Highlands Of Ethiopia: The Case Of Ankober District, Senait Regassa

International Conference on African Development Archives

Degradation of the highly scarce agricultural resource, land, has been one of the notorious problems in Ethiopia. One form of degradation of land resource is soil nutrient depletion. Manure application as a source of major plant nutrients contributes to managing land resources towards sustainability through the improvement of physico-chemical properties of the soil. Fallowing too, allows for natural regeneration of the soil. However, decisions on how to manage the land are ultimately made by farmers and their decision-making process is influenced by several factors. This paper attempts to examine the effects of some important farm, family and institutional variables on …

Community Resource Management: The Case Of Grazing Lands In Northern Ethiopia, Berhanu Gebremedhin, John Pender, Girmay Tesfay

International Conference on African Development Archives

Communal grazing lands are important sources of livestock feed in developing countries (ILRI, 1998). In the presence of sufficient demand for livestock or livestock products, unrestricted access to the grazing lands will result in overexploitation of the resource and the scarcity rent of the resource remains unappropriated. Each individual user of the resource enjoys the full benefit of her use of the resource but bears only a fractional part of the cost. As a result, the traditional uncontrolled and free grazing system in many developing countries has caused severe degradation of the grazing lands.

The Evolution And Development Of The Public Health College And Training Center In Gondar: The History Of Che-Che-La, From An Italian Consular Office To Medical College /1910s- 1970s/, Solomon Getahun

International Conference on African Development Archives

No abstract provided.

Determinants Of Farmer Perceptions Of The Severity And Yield Impact Of Soil Erosion: Evidence From Northern Ethiopia, Berhanu Gebremedhin, Scott Swinton

International Conference on African Development Archives

Farmers must perceive soil erosion as a problem before they will invest in preventing it. However, perceptions are often overlooked in the conservation literature. This study analyzes the levels and determinants of farmer perceptions of soil erosion in northern Ethiopia. Results are based on a survey of 250 farmers managing 900 fields during the 1995-96 cropping season. Farmer perceptions of the severity and productivity impact of soil erosion were measured at plot level as ordinal variables. Ordered probit and ordinary probit statistical regressions were used to analyze the levels and determinants of farmer perceptions.

Farmers were more likely both to …

The Elite And The Quest For Peace, Democracy And Development In Ethiopian: Lessons To Be Learnt, Merera Gudina

International Conference on African Development Archives

The present experiment involves the objective of accomplishing two historical tasks: the tasks of creating a country that houses 'nations, nationalities and peoples' of equals and ending an authoritarian rule by democratizing the Ethiopian state and society as a whole, a precondition for peace and development. However, as the result of the accumulated five grand failures of the Ethiopian elite in a century, the prennial quest for peace, democracy and development continue to be as illusive as ever. The most fundamental question is, therefore, what lessons to be learnt to move forward? This paper, which sums up the political history …

Participation Of Ethiopian Women In Education And Development, Sewnet Mamo Mengesha

International Conference on African Development Archives

The population of Ethiopia, which is about 55 million, is the second largest in Africa. According to the current growth rate it is projected to be doubled over the next 20 years. UN’s human development index states that Ethiopia is one of the lowest four countries in terms of social development. After the end of a long civil war in 1991, it is in the process of social and economical transformation.

Ethiopia is not only at a lowest stage of social development but also it is one of educationally disadvantaged countries in the world. Most of the school aged children …

A Review Of Distributed Generation Technologies And Their Applicability In Ethiopia, Haeran Fisseha, Yared Mengistu

International Conference on African Development Archives

This study has four parts. The first part reviews the current energy and electricity situation in Ethiopia by examining the consumption and supply patterns of energy in general, and the electricity sector in particular. The second part explores Distributed Generation, its definition and the reasons for its current popularity as the emerging electric power generation paradigm. The third part evaluates makes a preliminary financial analysis of the “Mega” hydro electricity vs Distributed Generation electricity. Finally, the concluding section summarizes the different issues raised, and comes up with a few recommendations.

Economic Reforms And Structural Changes In Ethiopia Since 1992; An Inquiry, Prabhakar Reddy Tada

International Conference on African Development Archives

Since the beginning of the nineties, Ethiopia has been experiencing significant political, economic and social changes. Despite the efforts of the Ethiopian government to strengthen market economy mechanisms and to decentralize and regionalize decision making structures, the country is still facing a number of problems such as poverty, soil degradation, regional conflicts etc. The elaboration of sound development strategies is essential to promote economic growth, and to alleviate poverty in the context of limited resources. In brief, the economy is undergoing the process of transformation in all most all the fields. In this context, the paper is an attempt to …

Agricultural Research System Of Ethiopia: Past History And Future Vision, Tesfaye Zegeye

International Conference on African Development Archives

Agricultural Research in Ethiopia began in Jimma and Ambo in 1952 and was extended to the then College of Agriculture at Alemaya in 1957 and later in 1965 included Debre Zeit. Realizing the importance of agricultural research in economic development the Ethiopian government established the Institute of Agricultural Research (IAR) in 1966 as a semiautonomous organization under the general supervision of the Ministerial Board of Directors.

The specific mandates of the Institution of Agricultural Research was to: Formulate national agricultural research policies, Coordinate national agricultural research Undertake research in its centers and sub-centers located in various agro-ecological zones of the …

Promoting Child Protection Through Community Resources: Care Arrangements For Ethiopian Aids Orphans, Steven L. Varnis

International Conference on African Development Archives

One of the key development challenges posed by AIDS in Ethiopia is providing care for the vastly increased number of orphans resulting from the pandemic. The organizational initiatives and policy responses will have an impact on a wide range of developmental indicators, as well as on the formative experiences of millions of Ethiopian children in the years to come. This paper explores the strategies and basic assumptions of community based care—which has become the orthodox approach to orphan care in Africa. Two limitations of this approach are discussed. First, it is often based on an outdated understanding and assessment of …

Hiv/Aids In Ethiopia: The Epidemic And Social, Economic, And Demographic Impacts, Helmut Kloos

International Conference on African Development Archives

This paper reviews the epidemiology, driving forces and impacts of the HIV/AIDS epidemic in Ethiopia and evaluates prospects for prevention and control. After the rapid spread of HIV infection in the 1980s and 1990s primarily by commercial sex workers, truck drivers and soldiers along major transportation routes, children, adolescents and the general population are increasingly infected. There is also evidence that infection rates are rapidly increasing in rural populations. But surveillance activities remain underdeveloped rendering the fragmentary data on the prevalence, incidence and impact of HIV/AIDS highly speculative and hindering the planning and implementation of prevention and control programs. Available …

Ethiopia: An Alternative Approach To National Development, Daniel Kendie

International Conference on African Development Archives

The existing Ethiopian constitution that is based on ethnicity should be discarded and replaced by another constitution that recognizes territorial nationalism, which manifested itself in historic Ethiopia as regionalism or provincialism. The historically established status of the provinces of Arussie, Bale, Gondar, Harar, Shoa, Sidamo, Tigrai, Wollo, Wollega, and so on, would have to be restored. A federal constitution which corresponds to Ethiopia’s historical experiences, but modified to suit its present conditions, and based on such principles as the rule of law, state secularism, a bill of rights, a system of checks an balances, political and economic pluralism, including the …

Technological Innovation, Adoption And The Management Of Vertisol Resources In The Highland Ethiopia, Gezahegn Ayele

International Conference on African Development Archives

No abstract provided.

From Marxism-Leninism To Ethnicity: The Sideslips Of Ethiopian Elitism, Messay Kebede

International Conference on African Development Archives

For many scholars, colonialism and neocolonial policies remain the root causes of Africa’s numerous impediments, ranging from the persistence of poverty to the ravages of ethnic conflicts. However, the number of scholars who prefer to ascribe these impediments essentially to the persistence of traditional views and methods and to the lack of reforms radical enough to trigger a sustained process of modernization is not negligible. My position contests this either-or debate and identifies the culprit as the rise of African elitism--a phenomenon implicating the specific effect of colonialism in conjunction with internal African contributions. I take the case of Ethiopia …

The Impact Of Globalization On Sustainable Management Of Natural Resources In African Economies, Livingstone Musoro

International Conference on African Development Archives

In this paper, we are not going to have a definitional discussion per se of what globalization is all about. So much has been done toward definitional discussion. Good coverage on the definitional aspects of globalization can be reviewed, for example, from the works of Kiely (in Kiely and Marfleet 1998) and Wolf (in Critical Review, Vol. 14, No. 1; 2001). My focus here is at a brief note on misconception or misunderstanding about the process of globalization, and then, at its impact on the sustainable management of natural resources in Africa.

Obstacles, Controversies And Prospects Surrounding Child Abuse Management In Addis Ababa, Getnet Tadele

International Conference on African Development Archives

Corporal punishment by parents or guardians, family members and relatives is an accepted cultural practice in Ethiopia. Aside from parents and other family members, many children are also abused (physically and sexually) by other persons who by chance meet them. At the same time, there are undergoing activities related to child abuse management by concerned institutions. Coordinated child abuse management involves various professionals and institutions. This paper examines the situation of child abuse and its management in Addis Ababa focusing on challenges and controversies revolving around this social problem. It assess pertinent issues involved in child abuse management on the …

Food Security And Rural Vulnerability In Ethiopia: A Development Perspective, Alemayehu Lirenso

International Conference on African Development Archives

This paper analyzes current food security and rural vulnerability situation in present day Ethiopia from a development perspective. In the sections that follow: (i) various issues relating to food security and vulnerability are presented, (ii) current food aid management policies and practices are reviewed and their implications for overall agricultural development policy are evaluated, and (iii) alternative strategies for combating the risks of future famines are suggested. The analysis is based partly on my own previous studies and partly on review of other recent studies listed in the references.

Nurturing A Culture Of Dialogue - Report Of The Visit To Skopje, Macedonia, Paul Mojzes, Leonard Swidler

Occasional Papers on Religion in Eastern Europe

No abstract provided.

The Role Of The Internet In Chinese Foreign And Domestic Affairs, Jean Bowman Leedy

Graduate Program in International Studies Theses & Dissertations

Problem: Rapid dissemination of Internet technology and the free access to information it affords poses a threat to non-democratic states that rely on control of information to maintain power and stability. This is of substantial concern to the Communist regime in The People's Republic of China due to the fact that its repressed population constitutes the fastest growing body of Internet users in the world.

Methods: This paper examines the potential impact of the Internet on Chinese foreign and domestic policy through interpretation of existing literature as it applies to the Internet, interviews with experts studying the emergence of China's …

Weapons As Weapons: Another Northern Ireland Impasse, Ibpp Editor

International Bulletin of Political Psychology

This article explores the psychology of weapons possession in the context of political conflict in Northern Ireland.

Trends. Colombian Rebels And Elite Interests: Rights And Wrongs On Human Rights, Ibpp Editor

International Bulletin of Political Psychology

This article discusses and analyzes the reactions of elites to rebel actions (e.g., human rights violations, other violent actions) in Colombia.

Short Term Effects Of The Retrenchment Exercise On Individual And Organisational Performance In The Uganda Civil Service: Part Ii, Ibpp Editor

International Bulletin of Political Psychology

IBPP Note. The concluding segment of this article provides theory, empirical data, and analysis on some political psychological consequences of organizational retrenchment in a political bureaucracy within a country often unattended to by Western researchers. It was written by Dr. Peter Baguma, Senior Lecturer, Institute of Psychology, Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda, and International Editor, IBPP. Dr. Baguma can be reached at [email protected].

Abstract. This study set out to assess the short-term effects of a retrenchment exercise on individual and organisational performance in the Uganda civil service. In all, 247 senior and lower rank employees from 6 civil service ministries were …

Trends. Meanings And Words: Communication Catalysis And Reactivity In The Mideast, Ibpp Editor

International Bulletin of Political Psychology

This article discusses the nature of public discourse and fact construction in the context of the conflict between the state of Israel and the Palestinian National Authority.

Telecommunications Reform In Botswana: A Policy Model For African States, Patricia K. Mccormick

Communication Faculty Research Publications

Since the mid-1990s, Botswana has pursued a policy of telecommunications liberalisation. This article, based on fieldwork conducted in Botswana in the summer of 2000, analyzes several notable aspects of the process of reform and denotes those worthy of emulation by other African states. The participation and protection of domestic telecommunication users, transparency in decision-making, the creation of an independent regulatory agency, and the introduction of competition in the form of private cellular service providers are among those policy features that are recommended for replication. Various facets of the tendering process and subsequent licences granted to the mobile operators as well …

Reshaping The Present And Constructing The Future Through Remembering The Past, Mercedes Barros

Human Rights & Human Welfare

A review of:

When History is a Nightmare: Lives and Memories of Ethnic Cleansing in Bosnia Herzegovina by Stevan Weine. New Brunswick: Rutgers University Press, 1999. 259 pp.

and

The Politics of Memory: Truth, Healing and Social Justice by Ifi Amadiume and Abdullahi An-Na’im. New York: Zed Books, 2000. 207 pp.

Review Of Larry Mcmurtry: A Critical Companion By John M. Reilly, Tom Pilkington

Great Plains Quarterly (through 2013)

In his recent travel book, Roads: Driving America's Great Highways, Larry McMurtry declares himself a plainsman born and bred. He makes no bones about his preference for the American West-especially the Great Plains-over the East and the South. Certainly much of McMurtry's fiction implicitly suggests this preference. His Pulitzer Prize-winning novel, Lonesome Dove, for example, follows an epic nineteenth-century cattle drive from the tip of south Texas to Montana near the Canadian border, and the writer's feeling for the land comes through loud and clear in his descriptive prose.

That McMurtry was chosen as the subject of one …

A New Vision Of America Lewis And Clark And The Emergence Of The American Imagination, James P. Hendrix Jr.

Great Plains Quarterly (through 2013)

When Lewis and Clark awakened in St. Louis on 24 September 1806, one suspects that they felt quite well rested. They had just slept in regular beds for the first time in 864 days. As men who "had forgotten the use of chairs ... they must have had a way of standing and a look in their eyes," Bernard De Yoto imagines.¹ Now was the time for reverie, and celebration, as the capital of the Northern Louisiana Territory welcomed back explorers who had been given up as lost.

Two days later, as the initial fanfare began to subside, Clark …

Review Of Holding Stone Hands: On The Trail Of The Cheyenne Exodus By Alan Boye, John H. Monnett

Great Plains Quarterly (through 2013)

In 1995 Alan Boye, an English professor at Lyndon State College in Vermont, began a thousand-mile journey on foot retracing the steps of Little Wolf's and Dull Knife's Northern Cheyennes in 1878-1879 that took them from Indian Territory to Montana. The Cheyennes were escaping from deplorable conditions on the Southern Cheyenne and Arapaho Indian Reservation at Darlington Agency near Fort Reno, Indian Territory. Troops from four federal military departments were eventually placed in the field to stop them.

Fighting their way through Indian Territory and Kansas, the Indians eventually split into two groups in Nebraska. Dull Knife's followers were captured …