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Articles 601 - 630 of 794
Full-Text Articles in International and Area Studies
Learning To Belong, Lyn Parker, Raihani Raihani, Chang Yau Hoon
Learning To Belong, Lyn Parker, Raihani Raihani, Chang Yau Hoon
Research Collection School of Social Sciences
Educational efforts are being made around the country to enable minorities to feel they belong and to teach majorities that they should value the diversity of Indonesia. The cultural, linguistic and ethnic diversity of Indonesia is famed around the world and accepted within Indonesia. The national motto of ‘Unity in Diversity’ places diversity at the centre of the nation-state. But despite significant progress in democratisation, decentralisation and regional autonomy in post-Suharto Indonesia, old fears of federalism, separatism and disunity remain. Multiculturalism and pluralism are still often viewed with suspicion and paranoia is spread by extremists for their own ends.
Affirming Difference, Chang Yau Hoon
Affirming Difference, Chang Yau Hoon
Research Collection School of Social Sciences
Elite Christian schools in Indonesia can become places where religious, ethnic and class identities are heightened, particularly in relation to the nation’s ethnic Chinese. Exceptional academic performance, faith education, strict discipline and a safe environment are some of the factors that attract ethnic Chinese to enrol their children into elite Christian schools in Indonesia. In fact, these schools have become a thriving business across major cities, generating handsome profits from the provision of high quality education. They are generally attended by Chinese Indonesian students from a middle and upper class background. The schools are equipped with much better facilities than …
Stories For Today: A Contemporary Artist Brings New Life To A Moribund Indonesian Theatre Genre, Margaret Chan
Stories For Today: A Contemporary Artist Brings New Life To A Moribund Indonesian Theatre Genre, Margaret Chan
Research Collection School of Social Sciences
Dani Iswardana is single-minded about his mission to inject new life into wayang beber, perhaps the oldest form of Indonesian narrative theatre, but now described as a dying art. The intensity of his purpose buoys Dani through long stretches of painting when food is forgotten and his work, fuelled by coffee and cigarettes, is all that he cares for. However Dani has gone for years without producing anything, because he will work only when the creative spirit possesses him. Painting for money means nothing to him, and the everyday demands of making a living have no place in his creative …
China And Geography In The 21st Century: A Cultural (Geographical) Revolution?, Lily Kong
China And Geography In The 21st Century: A Cultural (Geographical) Revolution?, Lily Kong
Research Collection School of Social Sciences
A noted Singapore-based cultural geographer and specialist on Asia reviews the recent emergence of cultural geographic research on and within China and the implications of China's rise for the study of 21st century cultural geography more broadly. She identifies six major issues modern China is confronting that, when addressed from a cultural geographical perspective, may both enhance an understanding of the country and reshape the practice of cultural geography as a subdiscipline: agricultural reform, economic reform, urban change, rural-urban migration and related social inequalities, the changing family structure, and environmental change. The author argues that if China's cultural geography is …
Introduction: Contested Landscapes, Asian Cities, Lily Kong, Lisa Law
Introduction: Contested Landscapes, Asian Cities, Lily Kong, Lisa Law
Research Collection School of Social Sciences
A decade and a half after Cosgrove and Jackson (1987) wrote their seminal piece on ‘new’ cultural geography, the discipline of geography has experienced a ‘cultural’ turn. Economic geography, for instance, has been infleected through perspectives that take on board cultural retheorisations (see Thrift and Olds, 1996; Thrift, 2000). Within urban studies, the acknowledgement of culture’s powers is not new (see, for example, Agnew et al., 1984). Yet, geographers scrutinising urban landscapes have moved the field, using some of the retheorised perspectives that Cosgrove and Jackson (1987) encapsulated. Of most pertinence to this volume is the retheorised notion of culture …
Tan Ah Choon: The Singapore ‘King Of Spirit Mediums’ (1928-2010), Margaret Chan, Victor Yue
Tan Ah Choon: The Singapore ‘King Of Spirit Mediums’ (1928-2010), Margaret Chan, Victor Yue
Research Collection School of Social Sciences
On 27 January 2010 Tan Ah CHOON died at the age of 82. Born in the year of the dragon (1928), Tan was the most respected spirit-medium among his peers. He became a tangki (童乩 tongji ‘child diviner’ or Chinese spirit-medium) just before the 1950s, and by the 1960s was regarded as the wisest, most powerful spirit-medium in the Singapore tangki community so that he was nicknamed “Tangki Ong” (童乩王), the “Tangki King”.Mr Tan was “caught” by deities to become a spirit medium when he was aged about 21 years. This was just after the Second World War, but Tan’s …
Nationalizing International Theory: Race, Class And The English School, William A. Callahan
Nationalizing International Theory: Race, Class And The English School, William A. Callahan
Research Collection School of Social Sciences
Much work has been done to deconstruct the links between knowledge and power in IR as "an American Social Science". This topic has arisen again with the re- launching of the English School of IR Theory in 2001. This essay argues that although the English School is critical of the power-knowledge dynamic, it actually exacerbates the problem by deliberately "nationalising" international theory. The essay traces the emergence and logic of the English School and its key concept "International Society". It argues that the English School is tied not only to national identity but to the rules of European Empire. Using …
China's Grand Strategy In A Post-Western World, William A. Callahan
China's Grand Strategy In A Post-Western World, William A. Callahan
Research Collection School of Social Sciences
A number of different visions of China’s future as a leading world power are competing for public attention and influence. Among them are populist ideas that challenge Beijing’s official rhetoric about “building a harmonious world”, says William A Callahan.
Reforming China's State-Owned Farms: State Farms In Agrarian Transition, Qian Forrest Zhang
Reforming China's State-Owned Farms: State Farms In Agrarian Transition, Qian Forrest Zhang
Research Collection School of Social Sciences
China’s 2000 strong state-owned farms are experiencing a dual transition in the country’s economic reforms: the market transition (from state-owned enterprises embedded in the redistributive system to independent enterprises in the new market economy) and agrarian transition (from small-scale, household-based agriculture to large-scale, capitalist forms of agriculture that rely on market exchanges of land, labor and products). This paper highlights the results of a comparative analysis of the state farms and rural farming households in the agrarian transition to address the theoretical debate about agrarian transition. Using field research data from state farms in HeilongJIANG Province and drawing extensively from …
Actor-Network Theory Of Cosmopolitan Education, Hiro Saito
Actor-Network Theory Of Cosmopolitan Education, Hiro Saito
Research Collection School of Social Sciences
In the past, philosophers discussed cosmopolitanism as a normative ideal of allegiance to humanity as a whole. A debate among social theorists, however, has examined cosmopolitanism as an incipient empirical phenomenon: an orientation of openness to foreign others and cultures. This paper introduces actor-network theory to elaborate the social-theoretical conception of cosmopolitanism. In light of the actor-network theory of cosmopolitanism, the paper proposes cosmopolitan education that aims to foster in students three dispositions: to extend attachments to foreign people and objects; to understand transnational connections in which their lives are embedded; and to act on these attachments and understandings to …
China’S Glee, William A. Callahan
China’S Glee, William A. Callahan
Research Collection School of Social Sciences
Since mid-2009, China has become much more assertive in world affairs, taking positions that challenge the US and Europe on numerous fronts including climate change, exchange rates, nuclear Iran, cyber security, and human rights. This list of problems came as a surprise to the many experts who for the past decade have been telling us that China’s peaceful rise demonstrates that Beijing has been socialized into the international system as a responsible actor.
Party Policy And Group Affiliation In The European Parliament, Gail Mcelroy, Kenneth Benoit
Party Policy And Group Affiliation In The European Parliament, Gail Mcelroy, Kenneth Benoit
Research Collection School of Social Sciences
Systematic empirical research has yet to explain how national parties join political groups in the European Parliament. This article first demonstrates, using original empirical measures from expert surveys of party positions, that EP party groups consist of national parties sharing similar policy positions. Secondly, using Bayesian/MCMC methods, the paper estimates the policy determinants of group affiliation using a (conditional) multinomial logit model to explain that party group choice is largely driven by policy congruence. Finally, predictions from the model identify national parties not in their ideally congruent EP groups. The findings suggest that the organization of and switching between EP …
Do Muslims Vote Islamic?, Charles Kurzman, Ijlal Naqvi
Do Muslims Vote Islamic?, Charles Kurzman, Ijlal Naqvi
Research Collection School of Social Sciences
Islamic parties have won parliamentary elections in several countries in recent years, leading some observers to speculate that Muslims vote Islamic whenever they are given the chance. However, a review of every parliamentary election in Muslim societies over the past 40 years shows that Islamic parties often compete and rarely win—and the freer the election, the worse these parties perform. In addition, an unprecedented collection of Islamic party platforms shows that Islamic parties have transformed since the 1980s, publicly endorsing democracy and women's rights and de-emphasizing shari'a and jihad. This record suggests that Islamic parties have embraced elections more than …
A New Approach To Human Rights (And China), William A. Callahan
A New Approach To Human Rights (And China), William A. Callahan
Research Collection School of Social Sciences
The focus of dialogue with Beijing about human rights should shift from enforcing universal laws towards building a shared moral identity, says William A Callahan.
Congkak, A Game That Connects Us With The World, Margaret Chan
Congkak, A Game That Connects Us With The World, Margaret Chan
Research Collection School of Social Sciences
No abstract provided.
Imagining “Indonesia”: Ethnic Chinese Film Producers In Pre-Independence Cinema, Charlotte Setijadi, Thomas Barker
Imagining “Indonesia”: Ethnic Chinese Film Producers In Pre-Independence Cinema, Charlotte Setijadi, Thomas Barker
Research Collection School of Social Sciences
In this paper, we aim to re-examine the roles of ethnic Chinese filmmakers in Indonesian cinematic history as a preliminary study in the reconsideration of the early years of the film industry. Here, we regard the simplification of history in the film industry as part of a broader attempt by nationalist and New Order ideologues to “appropriate” the origins of cinema and “ ” in Indonesia. On the same note, we argue that the narrative tradition that privileges “indigenous” filmmakers as the originators of asli (authentic ortrue) Indonesian culture on screen reflects the dominant yet narrow definition of nationalism as …
The Sinification Of Western Company Forms In Modern China: A Hybridization Of Sinospheres And Anglospheres, Wai Keung Chung
The Sinification Of Western Company Forms In Modern China: A Hybridization Of Sinospheres And Anglospheres, Wai Keung Chung
Research Collection School of Social Sciences
Western company or corporate forms were introduced to China for more than a hundred years. What has been the impact of this Western institution on the traditional mode of Chinese family business? At the same time, has the traditional Chinese mode of doing business changed any of the fundamental features of this Western institution, and in the end created corporate forms with “Chinese characteristics”? This paper uses the historical sociology and economic sociology perspectives to analyse the interaction between traditional Chinese business and Western corporate forms during the late 19th earlier 20th century modern China. Traditional Chinese business convention for …
The Right To Survival In The Democratic People’S Republic Of Korea, Jiyoung Song
The Right To Survival In The Democratic People’S Republic Of Korea, Jiyoung Song
Research Collection School of Social Sciences
For the past decade, the author has examined North Korean primary public documents and concludes that there have been changes of identities and ideas in the public discourse of human rights in the DPRK: from strong post-colonialism to Marxism-Leninism, from there to the creation of Juche as the state ideology and finally 'our style' socialism. This paper explains the background to KIM Jong Il's 'our style' human rights in North Korea: his broader framework, 'our style' socialism, with its two supporting ideational mechanisms, named 'virtuous politics' and 'military-first politics'. It analyses how some of these characteristics have disappeared while others …
Celebrating Community: A Chinese Temple Procession Brings Chinese Culture To Life In Jakarta’S Streets, Margaret Chan
Celebrating Community: A Chinese Temple Procession Brings Chinese Culture To Life In Jakarta’S Streets, Margaret Chan
Research Collection School of Social Sciences
Chinese temples from all over Java staged what was probably Jakarta’s largest ever Chinese religious festival. Accompanied by musicians, lion and dragon dancers, hundreds of devotees paraded through the streets of Glodok, Jakarta’s Chinatown.
The Beginning Of The End? Agricultural Modernization And Dissolution Of The Peasantry In Contemporary China, Qian Forrest Zhang, John A. Donaldson
The Beginning Of The End? Agricultural Modernization And Dissolution Of The Peasantry In Contemporary China, Qian Forrest Zhang, John A. Donaldson
Research Collection School of Social Sciences
No abstract provided.
Conversations With A Crime Boss: Doing Asian Criminal Business, Nafis Hanif, Mark Findlay
Conversations With A Crime Boss: Doing Asian Criminal Business, Nafis Hanif, Mark Findlay
Research Collection School of Social Sciences
Media piracy, in Malaysia, is organised through illicit negotiations between a dominant crime syndicate and consumers, street-corner gang leaders, the Malaysian police, custom officers and directors of the Malaysian Film Censorship Board. These key social actors who crossover class, race, religion, gang membership, and bridge porous legitimate and illegitimate commercial and political sectors of society establish a mutually collaborative relationship by negotiating their asymmetrical social capital, according to a conventional cost-benefit analysis. Contextual analyses of these illicit interactions identify criminal enterprise opportunities and plot the interactive progress of enterprise as it unfolds, against models of organisational and functional inter-connection. The …
The Islamists Are Not Coming, Charles Kurzman, Ijlal Naqvi
The Islamists Are Not Coming, Charles Kurzman, Ijlal Naqvi
Research Collection School of Social Sciences
Do Muslims automatically vote Islamic? That's the concern conjured up by strongmen from Tunis to Tashkent, and plenty of Western experts agree. They point to the political victories of Islamc parties in Egypt, Palestine, and Turkey in recent years and warn that more elections across the Islamic world could turn power over to anti-democratic fundamentalists.
Chinese Culture In Western Shadow: Sichuan Shadow Puppetry, Margaret Chan
Chinese Culture In Western Shadow: Sichuan Shadow Puppetry, Margaret Chan
Research Collection School of Social Sciences
No abstract provided.
The Cartography Of National Humiliation And The Emergence Of China’S Geobody, William A. Callahan
The Cartography Of National Humiliation And The Emergence Of China’S Geobody, William A. Callahan
Research Collection School of Social Sciences
Maps are an important site of the production and consumption of the national image. This essay examines modern Chinese maps to show how the very material borders between foreign and domestic space are the outgrowth of the symbolic workings of historical geography and the conventions of Chinese cartography. These maps do much more than celebrate the extent of Chinese sovereignty; they also mourn the loss of national territories through a cartography of national humiliation. The goal of this essay is to shift our attention from the diplomatic issues of international borders to examine what Chinese maps of China can tell …
Poetry And The Politics Of History: Revisiting Ee Tiang Hong, Kirpal Singh
Poetry And The Politics Of History: Revisiting Ee Tiang Hong, Kirpal Singh
Research Collection School of Social Sciences
The Malaysian poet Ee Tiang Hong was troubled by the fundamental changes being introduced by the leaders to ensure that Malaysia (which Ee always referred to as Malaya) became centrally a Malay nation. Not only was Ee trying his best to dissociate himself from what he termed the “mimicry of foreign birds” (i.e. the language of the colonial masters) but he was more critically searching for a new idiom which would give freshness to the rendition of the Malayan experience. While this struggle was in process, the tragedy of May 13 (1969) struck: here was a blatant illustration of the …
Irish Political Parties And Policy Stances On European Integration, Kenneth Benoit
Irish Political Parties And Policy Stances On European Integration, Kenneth Benoit
Research Collection School of Social Sciences
Support for the political and economic integration of Europe has formed an increasingly important policy issue for Irish political parties as the European Union has grown in importance at both the domestic and European level. This article examines the political positioning of Irish parties on the issue of European integration, comparing these positions across parties and across time. For data, it draws on expert surveys taken at each election since 1992, a time series of coded manifestos as well as a computerized content analysis of the 2007 party manifestos. The article also reports the results of a previously unpublished expert …
Reaching Out And Beyond: A Review Of Southeast Asian Writing In English [Book Review], Kirpal Singh
Reaching Out And Beyond: A Review Of Southeast Asian Writing In English [Book Review], Kirpal Singh
Research Collection School of Social Sciences
No abstract provided.
Patriotic Cosmopolitanism: China’S Non-Official Intellectuals’ Dream Of The Future, William A. Callahan
Patriotic Cosmopolitanism: China’S Non-Official Intellectuals’ Dream Of The Future, William A. Callahan
Research Collection School of Social Sciences
One of the fascinating things about China today is that it is a country in flux. With each turn along China’s path of rapid economic growth, a new set of political, economic and social questions arises. Hence it is very difficult to understand what is going on in China – not only for outsiders, but also for the Chinese people themselves.
Wolf Totem’S “Rational Exploration” Of Civilization And Barbarism, William A. Callahan
Wolf Totem’S “Rational Exploration” Of Civilization And Barbarism, William A. Callahan
Research Collection School of Social Sciences
China Beat has examined the bestselling novel Wolf Totem (Lang tuteng) from a number of different angles, including reviews (by Nicole Barnes and Timothy Weston) as well as several cultural critiques of the book and its media coverage (by Jeffrey Wasserstrom and Haiyan Lee). Now, on the eve of China’s big anniversary, and in a moment, simultaneously, when ethnicity is a crucial flashpoint in the PRC, William Callahan reflects on what the book tells us about China’s nation-building ideology.The fantastic success of Jiang Rong’s Lang tuteng [Wolf Totem] shows how notions of Chinese identity and culture are moving in new …
Gender Division Of Household Labor In Vietnam: Cohort Trends And Regional Variations, Bussarawan Teerawichitchainan, John Knodel, Manh Loi Vu, Tuan Huy Vu
Gender Division Of Household Labor In Vietnam: Cohort Trends And Regional Variations, Bussarawan Teerawichitchainan, John Knodel, Manh Loi Vu, Tuan Huy Vu
Research Collection School of Social Sciences
This study addresses the extent of change and regional differences in gender roles in the Vietnamese family based on innovative surveys in northern and southern Vietnam. The similarities and differences in political, economic, and social histories between northern and southern Vietnam provide a compelling setting to investigate the impact of socialist policies and the recent shift from a centrally planned to a market economy on gender stratification in the domestic spheres. We assess determinants of the gender division of household labor among three marriage cohorts that underwent early marital years during 1) the Vietnam War and mass mobilization, 2) nationwide …