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Articles 151 - 180 of 299
Full-Text Articles in International and Area Studies
The Tying Of The Ceremonial Wedding Thread: A Feminist Analysis Of “Ritual” And “Tradition” Among Syro-Malabar Catholics In India, Sonja Thomas
Journal of Global Catholicism
This article presents a feminist analysis of patriarchy persisting in Catholicism of the Syro-Malabar rite in Kerala. The article specifically considers the impact of charismatic Catholicism on women of the Syro-Malabar rite and argues that it is important to interrogate this new face of religiosity in order to fully understand how certain rituals are allowed to change and be fluid, while others, especially concerning female sexuality, are enshrined as “tradition” which often restricts the parameters for women’s empowerment and may reinforce caste and patriarchal hegemonies preventing feminist solidarity across different religious- and caste-based groups.
Dalit Catholic Home Shrines In A North Indian Village, Mathew Schmalz
Dalit Catholic Home Shrines In A North Indian Village, Mathew Schmalz
Journal of Global Catholicism
This article examines three Catholic home shrines in a Dalit community in North Indian and argues that it is misleading to think that home shrines and other collections of material objects are somehow static conveyors of meaning. “Meaning” can mean many things or nothing at all, depending upon the terms we are using and the scholarly methods we deploy. The crucial aspect of Dalit Catholic home shrines is that they are literally open to interpretation and reinterpretation, to touching and being touched. Their significance—their meaning—depends not on decoding their structure or symbolic logic, but interacting with them as part of …
The Grace Of God And The Travails Of Contemporary Indian Catholicism, Kerry P. C. San Chirico
The Grace Of God And The Travails Of Contemporary Indian Catholicism, Kerry P. C. San Chirico
Journal of Global Catholicism
This essay discusses the challenges faced by Indian Catholicism, particularly as it seeks to adapt to and in contemporary, post-colonial India through the process or program of what is called inculturation, a self-conscious program of adaptation to Indian religion and culture. Since Indian Catholicism is constituted by so many irreducible persons-in-relation, the article focuses on the life of the Catholic priest, Swami Ishwar Prasad in whose life we may chart something of the inculturation movement and the Catholic tradition as it is found in North India region, in one rather long and rich lifetime connecting two centuries. The article seeks …
In Continuity With The Past: Indigenous Environmentalism And Indian Christian Visions Of Flora, James Ponniah
In Continuity With The Past: Indigenous Environmentalism And Indian Christian Visions Of Flora, James Ponniah
Journal of Global Catholicism
This article considers whether Indian Christianity can be said to have a distinctive ecological vision. The first two parts of the article examine Christian environmentalism in two native forms of Indian Christianity: Tamil Christianity and Tribal Christianity. Continuing with the theme of conformity to the local culture—though of the elite—the third part of the article investigates how Christian Ashrams function as dynamic centers for ecological praxis. The last part of the article considers how contemporary Indian Christian communities can respond to the ecological challenges confronting them.
Antoniyar Kōvil: Hindu-Catholic Identity At The St. Anthony Shrine In St. Mary’S Co-Cathedral, Chennai, Pj Johnston
Antoniyar Kōvil: Hindu-Catholic Identity At The St. Anthony Shrine In St. Mary’S Co-Cathedral, Chennai, Pj Johnston
Journal of Global Catholicism
This article combines ethnographic description of the practices of Hindu and Christian visitors of the St. Antony Shrine in Chennai with the observation that this material cannot be understood using the standard world religions paradigm that essentializes Christianity as exclusivistic. Drawing upon the visual and material culture of the shrine in light of premodern and Vatican II templates for inculturation and the negotiation of religious difference, the article highlights overlap between Tamil Hinduism and the Tamil Popular Catholicism of the site to argue that the beliefs and practices documented should inform descriptive and normative accounts of Catholic Christianity. Because Tamil …
L’Écrivain Intellectuel Et Le Destin De L’Université Camerounaise, Jean Marie Wounfa
L’Écrivain Intellectuel Et Le Destin De L’Université Camerounaise, Jean Marie Wounfa
Présence Francophone: Revue internationale de langue et de littérature
This reflection is based on a corpus of narrative texts (novels and short stories) and on an eclectic approach which theoretical and methodological tools are borrowed from the comparatism, the institutional approach and the discourse analysis. The goal is to show that as a literary theme, the University strips off its pedestal and undergoes a more or less severe criticism under the pen of Cameroonian intellectual writers. Hence, its representation is marked with prejudgments, stereotypes and misconceptions that make the University a myth from which the writers free and engage themselves in a realistic representation of the university system. The …
La Littérature Africaine Francophone Et La Théorie Bourdieusienne De Champ Symbolique, Louis Bertin Amougou
La Littérature Africaine Francophone Et La Théorie Bourdieusienne De Champ Symbolique, Louis Bertin Amougou
Présence Francophone: Revue internationale de langue et de littérature
Pierre Bourdieu’s theory of symbolic fields as a social arena for rivalries between agents for the capture, accumulation or conservation of capitals of its own is now implemented with the same rigor to African literature as to French literature which served as the material for the French sociologist. Yet, the specific characteristics of African literary production make it a weak institution. The present article is an attempt to put in perspective the relevance of Bourdieu’s studies to an insufficiently autonomous literary institution and holds the point that any literary field is a secondary field.
L’Africain Et Le Paradigme De La Modernité. Que Devient L’Identité?, Yvette Balana
L’Africain Et Le Paradigme De La Modernité. Que Devient L’Identité?, Yvette Balana
Présence Francophone: Revue internationale de langue et de littérature
Questioning the african uniqueness within the academic field of identity forces us to investigate the ability of Africans to find a way out of a painful aporia between an adulterated tradition and an overwhelming totalitarian modernity. The latter, in Africa more than anywhere else, constitutes an obstacle to individual emancipation. Thus it raises today like yesterday, the imperative of a dual liberation without which Africa will be unable to construct an identity taking into account both alterity and anteriority.
Transmettre Et Instituer Contre Vents Et Marées : Ambroise Kom, L’Universitaire Des Populations Camerounaises, Amelle Cressent
Transmettre Et Instituer Contre Vents Et Marées : Ambroise Kom, L’Universitaire Des Populations Camerounaises, Amelle Cressent
Présence Francophone: Revue internationale de langue et de littérature
This text touches on various aspects of Ambroise Kom’s social engagement. It explores some pathways taken by Kom outside Literature, his core academic field, insisting on the most prominent threads in his career: Knowledge transmission and institutionalization in Cameroon while prioritising collective over individual action. It also highlights Kom’s interaction with a challenging political and cultural environment, the social praxis resulting from it and his writings on what should be the contribution of Education, especially, higher Education, to contribute to nation building in Cameroon.
Savoir Et Légitimation En Afrique. Ambroise Kom Et La Critique De L’Extraversion Théorique, Kasereka Kavwahirehi
Savoir Et Légitimation En Afrique. Ambroise Kom Et La Critique De L’Extraversion Théorique, Kasereka Kavwahirehi
Présence Francophone: Revue internationale de langue et de littérature
This article has two main objectives: to show how Ambroise Kom raises the question of the legitimation of Knowledge in Francophone Africa and to present the way he proposes to the continent to overcome subalternity and theoretical extroversion in order to become its own center of production and legitimation of knowledge. The article also shows how Ambroise Kom, a cultural and literary critic, extends the tradition of African philosophers, mainly Mudimbe, Hountondji and Laleye, who, from 1970, put the issue of decolonization of the African discourse in the center of their work.
Resettling Syrian Refugees In The U.S.: Regional Stability And Saving Lives, Alexander Kochenburger
Resettling Syrian Refugees In The U.S.: Regional Stability And Saving Lives, Alexander Kochenburger
Washington Semester Program
In the greatest humanitarian catastrophe since World War II, millions of Syrians have fled their homes since the start of the Syrian conflict in 2011. This thesis argues that the United States needs to resettle more Syrian refugees to prevent further destabilization in Jordan, Lebanon, and Turkey. Specifically, the United States should go above President Obama’s current proposal to accept 10,000 Syrians this year and follow the recommendation of former Secretary of State Hilary Clinton and resettle 65,000 additional Syrian refugees over the next five years. In addition, most of these 65,000 refugees should be families with young children and …
Le Cinéma Face À L’Oblitération Génocidaire. Silences Éloquents Et Hors-Champ Intérieur Chez Philippe Van Leeuw Et Kivu Ruhorahoza, Alexandre Dauge-Roth, Ayse Irem Ikizler
Le Cinéma Face À L’Oblitération Génocidaire. Silences Éloquents Et Hors-Champ Intérieur Chez Philippe Van Leeuw Et Kivu Ruhorahoza, Alexandre Dauge-Roth, Ayse Irem Ikizler
Présence Francophone: Revue internationale de langue et de littérature
Philippe Van Leeuw and Kivu Ruhorahoza’s cinema proposes an esthetic and ethical gaze that distances itself from the historic realism that defines the majority of the films on the genocide against the Tutsi in Rwanda. By conferring an unprecedented eloquence to different types of silence and by maintaining viewers in a concerted state of ignorance, both filmmakers question societies’ will to know within the legacy of genocide and their willingness to culturally acknowledge the traumatic resonance of its aftermath.
The Economic Impact Of Lifting Sanctions On Iran: How The Joint Comprehensive Plan Of Action Will Affect The Economy Of Iran, Ryan Foley
Washington Semester Program
During the second term of the Obama Administration, the United States and the European Union negotiated a deal with the Islamic Republic of Iran regarding their nuclear program. These negotiations encompassed the relaxing of sanctions on the Iranian economy in exchange for concessions on the part of their nuclear program. This thesis investigates how the deal will affect the economy of Iran and the international oil market, two entities which are deeply intertwined. The findings suggest that the opening of Iran’s economy will almost certainly lead to a strengthening of their domestic economy in the short-term, but that the government …
La Première Couche D’Encre, Abdourahman Waberi
La Première Couche D’Encre, Abdourahman Waberi
Présence Francophone: Revue internationale de langue et de littérature
The author reexamines his engagement with the Rwandan genocide.
Une Poétique De La Mémoire : Lire Matière Grise, Le Film Du Réalisateur Rwandais Kivu Ruhorahoza (2011), Frieda Ekotto
Une Poétique De La Mémoire : Lire Matière Grise, Le Film Du Réalisateur Rwandais Kivu Ruhorahoza (2011), Frieda Ekotto
Présence Francophone: Revue internationale de langue et de littérature
The film Grey Matter [Matière grise] (2011) directed by a Rwandan filmmaker Kivu Ruhorahoza, is an attempt to offer psychoanalytic approaches to understanding a 1994 Rwandan genocide within the psychic and the social. This director is interested in representing the impossible, instead, he offers a poetic representation of trauma. It may be just like a dream in his psychic, wondering whether this event really happened and how to make sense of as time settles ? This noiseless film is the first feature length narrative film directed by a Rwandan who gives the world the visual interpretation of the impact of …
La Bande Dessinée À L’Épreuve Du Génocide Au Rwanda : État Des Lieux Critique D’Un Mode D’Expression Original, Markus Arnold, Karel Plaiche
La Bande Dessinée À L’Épreuve Du Génocide Au Rwanda : État Des Lieux Critique D’Un Mode D’Expression Original, Markus Arnold, Karel Plaiche
Présence Francophone: Revue internationale de langue et de littérature
20 years after the genocide of the Tutsis, one observes within the artistic production dealing with these traumatic events the presence of several comics (or bande dessinée). Yet is this specific mode of expression which often remains associated with lightness, humour and caricature capable to address in a credible fashion such delicate topics as pain, cruelty and death ? How do comics “translate” this 1994 tragedy for the purpose of critically raising awareness and providing memorial accounts while respecting the reader’s sensitivity ? Is there an “appropriate” depiction and where is the frontier between sensational, reliable and emotionally convincing portrayal …
Le Devoir De Mémoire Ou Une Identité Ravalée Dans Cicatrices D’Alain Kamal Martial, Katharine Hargrave
Le Devoir De Mémoire Ou Une Identité Ravalée Dans Cicatrices D’Alain Kamal Martial, Katharine Hargrave
Présence Francophone: Revue internationale de langue et de littérature
This article examines the construction of identity in Alain Kamal Martial’s novel, Cicatrices. Conceived during a rape committed by a group of militiamen, the narrator struggles against a sense of obligation to avenge his mother’s assault, as well as a need to liberate himself from this event. However, under the onus of being a proxy witness, he realizes that he cannot forget his duty of memory because he embodies the inherited trauma of past generations. The crude and powerful immediacy of this text forces the reader to reflect upon his or her own role in the remembrance of past injustices.
Vicarious Shame, Narrative, Social Reconnection And Public Recognition In Bamporiki’S Sin To Them, Shame On Me, Rangira Béa Gallimore
Vicarious Shame, Narrative, Social Reconnection And Public Recognition In Bamporiki’S Sin To Them, Shame On Me, Rangira Béa Gallimore
Présence Francophone: Revue internationale de langue et de littérature
Sin to Them, Shame on Me is a testimony by the Rwandan writer, filmmaker and peace advocate, Bamporiki, who suffers from vicarious shame because of the crime of genocide that Hutu perpetrators committed against Tutsis in the name of the group. His testimony redeems his sense of self by acknowledging the wrongdoing of his group, yet it also represents a step that separates him from that group. His powerful testimonial narratives allow him to associate with genocide survivors and the world, and to develop a new identity as a Rwandan. The polymorphic narrative structure of his written testimony in which …
L’Inscription Territoriale De La Peur Dans Le Roman Urbain Camerounais De Langue Française, Étienne-Marie Lassi
L’Inscription Territoriale De La Peur Dans Le Roman Urbain Camerounais De Langue Française, Étienne-Marie Lassi
Présence Francophone: Revue internationale de langue et de littérature
This article analyzes the fictionalization of Cameroonian urban socio-political and geographical realities as well as the literary effects derived from the inclusion of real urban spaces in the novel. Based on the concepts of ecology of fear and existential territory, it shows that in Cameroon urban novels, the physical environment is a factor of instability of individuals and communities. It speculates that, in the novels studied, physical environment crystallizes political, social and psychological fears and anguish and presents itself as an important issue both in the interpretation of literary texts and in the resolution of postcolonial crises.
Chercheurs D’Afrique Et Archive Coloniale, Jean-Pierre Karegeye
Chercheurs D’Afrique Et Archive Coloniale, Jean-Pierre Karegeye
Présence Francophone: Revue internationale de langue et de littérature
The main goal of this article is to demonstrate that discourse on the Rwandan genocide has an origin. In other words, the hamitic myth transcends the question of race and is present in its most radical form in the events of 1994 in Rwanda. However, the myth itself is not intrinsically genocidal, but it did clear the path. The danger arose when the myth was demythified, that is to say, perceived as historic reality and scientific knowledge, and entered a new environment of genocide discourse. To proceed based on the notion of archive is to approach the genocide in relation …
La Fiction Du Génocide Ou Le Partage Des Émotions, Josias Semujanga
La Fiction Du Génocide Ou Le Partage Des Émotions, Josias Semujanga
Présence Francophone: Revue internationale de langue et de littérature
The goal of this study is to show that the fiction of genocide aims to share emotions between the narrator and the reader. It is possible to consider the narrator as representing the real reader and not only as the simple recipient written into the text. This is to say that the narrator is a part of the story but is also the reader’s counterpart as the real recipient, because both-- narrator and real reader-- are integrated in the imaginary world of the story. The role of the author is to construct intermediate mechanisms between the reader and the author. …
Esquisse D’Un Projet Épistémologique Pour La Science Politique Dans Une Afrique Post-Génocide, Mame-Penda Ba
Esquisse D’Un Projet Épistémologique Pour La Science Politique Dans Une Afrique Post-Génocide, Mame-Penda Ba
Présence Francophone: Revue internationale de langue et de littérature
This article attempts to answer two main questions: “What does it mean to teach political science in an African university when oneself is African?” and “what social realities are we documenting (or should we document)?” As a political scientist, I came to ask myself these questions based on my encounter with the genocide of the Tutsi in Rwanda, and based on the questions that this major event had kindled in me. My encounter with the subject of “genocide” was in all respects an upheaval because I understood suddenly a large weakness in the way political science was taught at Université …
La « Langue Fantôme » : Une Présence Familière Dans L’Écriture – Présentation Du Poète Malek Alloula Suivie D’Un Entretien, Yamna Abdelkader-Chaldi.
La « Langue Fantôme » : Une Présence Familière Dans L’Écriture – Présentation Du Poète Malek Alloula Suivie D’Un Entretien, Yamna Abdelkader-Chaldi.
Présence Francophone: Revue internationale de langue et de littérature
The evolution of Malek Alloula’s works, an important poet of Algerian literature whose first works date back to the sixties, is analyzed by Yamna Abdelkader. Afterwards, she interviews him on his poetic work and its relationship to language. The poet thus explains his writing ; how he composes his poetry in relation to the creative process ; his technique ; the influence of its cultural origins, and its relationship to language. In using the term “phantom language”, the poet refers to the haunting presence of the Arabic language spoken in Algeria, which, while unseen, has a major influence on his …
La Langue Seconde Au Service De La Créationcinématographique. Les Séries Télévisées En Afrique Subsaharienne Francophone, Dragoss Ouédraogo
La Langue Seconde Au Service De La Créationcinématographique. Les Séries Télévisées En Afrique Subsaharienne Francophone, Dragoss Ouédraogo
Présence Francophone: Revue internationale de langue et de littérature
The African sitcoms in the wake of South American telenovelas build steps to win spaces on TV screens. The case of Burkina Faso shows the vitality of filmmaking in second language, with breakable structure of production context.
Créativité Et Lecture En Langue Seconde : Propositions Pour La Lecture Des Textes Des Journaux Francophones Du Cameroun, Louis Martin Onguéné Essono
Créativité Et Lecture En Langue Seconde : Propositions Pour La Lecture Des Textes Des Journaux Francophones Du Cameroun, Louis Martin Onguéné Essono
Présence Francophone: Revue internationale de langue et de littérature
Nowadays, it is common to say that the French press in Africa greatly contributes to the lower level of French. If true, this assertion hides a much deeper problem that concerns the act of writing and the act of reading in a non-native language. The performance of newspaper, radio or television journalists show that these writers share the same competence and face the same difficulties as the entire French-speaking population who is compelled to transmit ideas and information in a second language they do not master, or just a bit. This paper aims at understanding the reasons why non-African readers …
Nous Habitons Les Langues Et Les Langues Nous Habitent, Cheikh Tidiane Sow
Nous Habitons Les Langues Et Les Langues Nous Habitent, Cheikh Tidiane Sow
Présence Francophone: Revue internationale de langue et de littérature
Who has not his mother, suckles his grandmother. This wolof of Senegal adage tells us that the absence of the native language and the adoption of another language, far from being a handicap, would open more “naturally” to the universal. The author, whose parents are Fulani speaking Pulaar, delivers his experience and his relationship to his two family “second languages”, Wolof and French.
L’Empreinte Du Renard De Moussa Konaté Et Les Transformations Africaines Du Polar, Alexie Tcheuyap
L’Empreinte Du Renard De Moussa Konaté Et Les Transformations Africaines Du Polar, Alexie Tcheuyap
Présence Francophone: Revue internationale de langue et de littérature
Within sub-Saharan Africa, Moussa Konaté is undoubtedly the contemporary writer dedicated to producing the most original crime fiction. In L’empreinte du renard, he offers a fundamental subversion of the genre that breaks with conventional thought on crime narratives. Moreover, the subversion of the canon accompanies a subversion of political structures by which the end of the story accompanies the end of the postcolonial state as it is known, and often caricatured: the State of corruption. As a result, such intrigue also becomes that of governmentability.
Géotropisme De Chamoiseau, Jean-Louis Cornille
Géotropisme De Chamoiseau, Jean-Louis Cornille
Présence Francophone: Revue internationale de langue et de littérature
There seems to be a strange parallel between the vegetable kingdom in which Patrick Chamoiseau sets his Biblique des derniers gestes and the way the narrative is being played out. The mangrove, with its entangled roots and stems, constitutes a perfect image of the novel, whose multiple branches are no longer anchored in any reality or in a centralised system, but seem moved by a principle which we could call “bibliotropic”, since in Biblique one could easily find traces of Perse, García Márquez, Glissant, Césaire and even of Rabelais. But certain “stems” are more difficult to track within this dense …
La Critique Des Langages Consacrés Et La Recherche D’Un Nouveau Rapport Au Monde Dans L’Oeuvre De V. Y. Mudimbe, Kasereka Kavwahirehi
La Critique Des Langages Consacrés Et La Recherche D’Un Nouveau Rapport Au Monde Dans L’Oeuvre De V. Y. Mudimbe, Kasereka Kavwahirehi
Présence Francophone: Revue internationale de langue et de littérature
This article shows how V. Y. Mudimbe’s work is both a space where consecrated languages (Christianity and Marxism) that wrap up themselves while pretending to explain the world or justify it are criticised, and a search for a new language to establish a new relationship with the world as it is lived, that means outside of any dogmatism and mystification. It is through this dynamic that Mudimbe has contributed to the renewal of thought and forms in Africa.
« Banlieue Noire » : La Question Noire Dans La Littérature Urbaine Contemporaine, Stève Puig
« Banlieue Noire » : La Question Noire Dans La Littérature Urbaine Contemporaine, Stève Puig
Présence Francophone: Revue internationale de langue et de littérature
Just as the “beur” movement started to flourish in France in the 80’s and the 90’s, a new question has emerged in French society in the last decade: the “black question”, which deals with the place of Africans and Antilleans in French society today. At the same time, a new literary genre has emerged: urban literature, which largely tackles themes related to the presence of Afro-caribbean people in metropolitan France. This article seeks to analyze three urban novels which take place in France, and more specifically how characters situate themselves regarding their Frenchness as the French government attempted to redefine …