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Articles 2071 - 2100 of 2943

Full-Text Articles in International and Area Studies

Taking Crime Out Of Crime Business, Mark James Findlay, Nafis Hanif Dec 2012

Taking Crime Out Of Crime Business, Mark James Findlay, Nafis Hanif

Research Collection Yong Pung How School Of Law

It is one thing to assert that conventional market analysis is critically useful in understanding criminal enterprise. It is more challenging to suggest that corrupt and compromised legal regulation interacts with other critical market variables to maximise market advantage for crime business in a similar manner to legitimate regulatory forces in their protection and enhancement of legitimate business enterprise. The central argument of this paper is that crime business mirrors other business forms when considered in terms of critical market variables, and that in particular regulatory forces when inverted from their original purposes can influence market conditions in the same …

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Shall The Twain Never Meet? Competing Narratives And Discourses Of The Rule Of Law In Singapore, Jack Tsen-Ta Lee Dec 2012

Shall The Twain Never Meet? Competing Narratives And Discourses Of The Rule Of Law In Singapore, Jack Tsen-Ta Lee

Research Collection Yong Pung How School Of Law

This article aims to assess the role played by the rule of law in discourse by critics of the Singapore Government’s policies and in the Government’s responses to such criticisms. It argues that in the past the two narratives clashed over conceptions of the rule of law, but there is now evidence of convergence of thinking as regards the need to protect human rights, though not necessarily as to how the balance between rights and other public interests should be struck. The article also examines why the rule of law must be regarded as a constitutional doctrine in Singapore, the …

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A Preliminary Survey Of The Right To Presumption Of Innocence In Singapore, Siyuan Chen Dec 2012

A Preliminary Survey Of The Right To Presumption Of Innocence In Singapore, Siyuan Chen

Research Collection Yong Pung How School Of Law

The right to presumption of innocence is said to exist in almost all criminal justice systems, including Singapore. Curiously, however, no Singapore case has ever attempted to establish the exact source and contours of this longstanding right. This is unsatisfactory, as this diminishes the meaningfulness of what is supposed to be a fundamental right in the criminal justice process. The primary aim of this article is thus to conduct a preliminary survey of the law on the presumption of innocence in Singapore. It begins by proposing the Woolmington conception as a workable starting point, but posits a guiding principle to …

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China's Rare Earths Export Quotas: Out Of The China-Raw Materials Gate, But Past The Wto's Finish Line?, Han-Wei Liu, John Maughan Dec 2012

China's Rare Earths Export Quotas: Out Of The China-Raw Materials Gate, But Past The Wto's Finish Line?, Han-Wei Liu, John Maughan

Research Collection Yong Pung How School Of Law

Several recent studies have discussed the ramifications of the China – Raw Materials case for China's rare earths. However, none of these studies has conducted a thorough investigation of China's current export quota regime for rare earths or how it might stand up under WTO rules, assuming that it would be treated the same. This article makes no such assumption, investigating China's export quota regime for rare earths as it stands in early June 2012. The regime is somewhat improved over that applied during the Raw Materials case and could allow a more favourable WTO ruling. However, if General Agreement …

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Foreword, Amy C. Gaudion Nov 2012

Foreword, Amy C. Gaudion

Penn State Journal of Law & International Affairs (2012 - Present)

No abstract provided.

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Jlia Editorial Board & Staff Nov 2012

Jlia Editorial Board & Staff

Penn State Journal of Law & International Affairs (2012 - Present)

No abstract provided.

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To Forgive And Forget: How Reconciliation And Amnesty Legislation In Afghanistan Forgives War Criminals While Forgetting Their Victims, Sara L. Carlson Nov 2012

To Forgive And Forget: How Reconciliation And Amnesty Legislation In Afghanistan Forgives War Criminals While Forgetting Their Victims, Sara L. Carlson

Penn State Journal of Law & International Affairs (2012 - Present)

More than three decades of war and hundreds of thousands killed or brutalized by the actions of warlords and insurgent commanders vying for power comprise the backdrop of modern Afghanistan. As Afghanistan continues toward a new era, seeking democracy in a country where tribal affiliations and ethnic groups often usurp any sense of patriotism, the reconciliation of armed fighters while providing an adequate grievance process for victims of war crimes must take priority in the process adopted to unify the Islamic Republic of Afghanistan. This comment explores the current attempt by the Islamic Republic of Afghanistan to provide a system …

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International Activity And Domestic Law, Adam I. Muchmore Nov 2012

International Activity And Domestic Law, Adam I. Muchmore

Penn State Journal of Law & International Affairs (2012 - Present)

This essay explores the ways States use their domestic laws to regulate activities that cross national borders. Domestic-law enforcement decisions play an underappreciated role in the development of international regulatory policy, particularly in situations where the enforcing State's power to apply its law extraterritorially is not contested. Collective action problems suggest there will be an undersupply of enforcement decisions that promote global welfare and an oversupply of enforcement decisions that promote national welfare. These collective action problems may be mitigated in part by government networks and other forms of regulatory cooperation.

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The Full Story Of United States V. Smith, America’S Most Important Piracy Case, Joel H. Samuels Nov 2012

The Full Story Of United States V. Smith, America’S Most Important Piracy Case, Joel H. Samuels

Penn State Journal of Law & International Affairs (2012 - Present)

This article explores the seminal United States Supreme Court decision of United States v. Smith (1820). Smith, an early piracy case, has influenced developments in both domestic and international law on piracy, universal jurisdiction, and a range of broader themes. This article is the first to explore the context within which the case arose, as well as the circumstances of the case itself. In addition to the details of the case, the story of the men prosecuted for their cruise aboard the vessel known as the Irresistible in the late spring and early summer of 1819 also offers a …

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Remarks On Counterstrike, Eric Schmitt Nov 2012

Remarks On Counterstrike, Eric Schmitt

Penn State Journal of Law & International Affairs (2012 - Present)

After 9/11, the United States government was forced to think differently about terrorism and the nation’s ability to respond to attacks. Eric Schmitt and Thom Shanker address many of the intricacies faced by officials at the White House, the State Department and the Pentagon in their book Counterstrike. In this essay, transcribed from remarks given on March 21, 2012 at the Clarke Forum for Contemporary Issues at Dickinson College, Schmitt discusses how the U.S. government’s policies toward Al Qaeda and terrorism in general have evolved in the ten-year period following the attacks.

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Remarks, The Big Picture: Beyond Hot Spots & Crises In Our Interconnected World, Anne-Marie Slaughter Nov 2012

Remarks, The Big Picture: Beyond Hot Spots & Crises In Our Interconnected World, Anne-Marie Slaughter

Penn State Journal of Law & International Affairs (2012 - Present)

The picture of foreign policy as seen by the United States has changed dramatically over the last few decades. The United States now faces a world far more interconnected and integrated than the foreign policy landscape of the Cold War and its immediate aftermath. Instead of one or two super power centers, the world today is made up of multiple global and regional power centers. This essay, transcribed and adapted from remarks given by Anne-Marie Slaughter on March 15, 2012, at the Dickinson School of Law of the Pennsylvania State University, examines the shift to a multi-polar world of foreign …

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International Order After The Financial Crisis, Harold James Nov 2012

International Order After The Financial Crisis, Harold James

Penn State Journal of Law & International Affairs (2012 - Present)

How is international order built, and how is it legitimate, in a world in which political and economic foundations are rapidly shifting? What are the consequences of the rise of major new powers for the structure and the functioning of the international system? Great wars or great financial crises have in the past led to disorientation about the moral foundations of society, domestically and internationally. The paper examines parallels with the Great Depression, and in particular the weakening of multilateralism and of small political units, and the strengthening of large powers with hegemonic claims. The paper then turns to an …

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The Growing Dark Side Of Cyberspace ( . . . And What To Do About It), Ronald Deibert Nov 2012

The Growing Dark Side Of Cyberspace ( . . . And What To Do About It), Ronald Deibert

Penn State Journal of Law & International Affairs (2012 - Present)

Cyberspace – the global environment of digital communications – surrounds and embodies us entirely, 24 hours a day, 7 days a week. We are always on, always connected: emailing, texting, searching, networking, and sharing are all now as commonplace as eating, breathing, and sleeping. But there is a dark side to cyberspace - hidden contests and malicious threats - that is growing like a disease from the inside-out. This disease has many symptoms, and is being reinforced by a multiplicity of disparate but mutually reinforcing causes. Some of these driving forces are unintended byproducts of the new digital universe into …

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The Rise Of Transparency And The Decline Of Secrecy In The Age Of Global And Social Media, P.J. Crowley Nov 2012

The Rise Of Transparency And The Decline Of Secrecy In The Age Of Global And Social Media, P.J. Crowley

Penn State Journal of Law & International Affairs (2012 - Present)

News reporting of a wide range of sensitive government policies, operations, and internal deliberations has raised understandable concerns that U.S. national security is being compromised. In response, there is an increase in investigations and prosecutions and proposed legislation to plug government leaks. But a broader reality may be at work. In the increasingly interconnected and transparent world of the Internet, Facebook, Twitter, satellite television, WikiLeaks, omniscient cellphones and technology-enhanced revolutions such as the Arab Awakening, governments have lost their ability to control the flow of information. More people have access to more information, with the ability to communicate anything from …

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The Balance Of Power, Public Goods, And The Lost Art Of Grand Strategy: American Policy Toward The Persian Gulf And Rising Asia In The 21st Century, Flynt Leverett, Hillary Mann Leverett Nov 2012

The Balance Of Power, Public Goods, And The Lost Art Of Grand Strategy: American Policy Toward The Persian Gulf And Rising Asia In The 21st Century, Flynt Leverett, Hillary Mann Leverett

Penn State Journal of Law & International Affairs (2012 - Present)

An important driver of relative decline in America’s international standing is the failure of its political elites to define reality-based foreign policy goals and to relate the diplomatic, economic, and military means at Washington’s disposal to realizing them—the essence of “grand strategy.” For several decades, American policy has been pulled in opposite directions by two competing models of grand strategy. In one—the leadership model—America maximizes its international standing by adroitly managing regional and global power balances and promoting the processes of economic liberalization known collectively as globalization. In the second model—the transformation model—America seeks not to manage power balances but …

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A Court For The Next Decade, Yihan Goh, Paul Tan Nov 2012

A Court For The Next Decade, Yihan Goh, Paul Tan

Research Collection Yong Pung How School Of Law

Discusses the impact of Mr Sundaresh Menon as Singapore's fourth post-independence Chief Justice.

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Recourse Against An International Arbitration Award Made In Singapore, Darius Chan Nov 2012

Recourse Against An International Arbitration Award Made In Singapore, Darius Chan

Research Collection Yong Pung How School Of Law

In Astro Nusantara International BV v PT Ayunda Prima Mitra [2012] SGHC 212, the Singapore High Court set out the available recourse against an international arbitration award made in Singapore. This case has significant implications for Singapore as a seat of arbitration, and this note contrasts the position between Singapore and Hong Kong against the backdrop of this case. In October 2008, after a failed joint venture, the Claimants, which belonged to the Astro group of companies of Malaysia, commenced arbitration in Singapore against the Respondents, which belonged to the Lippo group of companies of Indonesia. In May 2009, the …

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Tobacco Regulation And Its Discontents: A Cautious View From Singapore, Locknie Hsu Nov 2012

Tobacco Regulation And Its Discontents: A Cautious View From Singapore, Locknie Hsu

Research Collection Yong Pung How School Of Law

In this article, Locknie Hsu discusses the implications of the various legal claims being pursued in various fora in relation to plain packaging of tobacco products laws, especially in relation to Singapore and the Association of Southeast Asian Nations ('ASEAN'). The article proceeds as follows: (1) In Part 1, Hsu examines the current state of Singapore's regulation of tobacco; (2) part 2 of the article then considers Singapore's current investment treaty commitments and their likely compatibility with plain packaging legislation, were it to be introduced into Singapore.

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Setting Aside An Award Over The Mis-Application Of A Choice Of Law Clause: Quarella Spa V Scelta Marble Australia Pty Ltd [2012] Sghc 166, Darius Chan Oct 2012

Setting Aside An Award Over The Mis-Application Of A Choice Of Law Clause: Quarella Spa V Scelta Marble Australia Pty Ltd [2012] Sghc 166, Darius Chan

Research Collection Yong Pung How School Of Law

In Quarella SpA v Scelta Marble Australia Pty Ltd [2012] SGHC 166, the High Court of Singapore (per Prakash J) rejected an application to set aside two related arbitration awards. The ground for setting aside was an alleged misinterpretation of a choice of law clause by the tribunal. In rejecting the application, the High Court demonstrated its unwillingness to set aside an award when the tribunal has considered and respected the choice of law clause (regardless of the interpretation the tribunal ultimately preferred). Notably, the High Court did not close the door on instances where the tribunal may have failed …

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Towards A Greater Global Understanding Of What Mediators Do, Nadja Alexander Oct 2012

Towards A Greater Global Understanding Of What Mediators Do, Nadja Alexander

Research Collection Yong Pung How School Of Law

In this post on the Kluwer Mediation Blog, the western facilitative mediation approach in relation to historical and cross-cultural perspectives is discussed.

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Proportionality In Interpreting Constitutions: A Comparison Between Canada, The United Kingdom And Singapore And Its Implications For Vietnam, Jack Tsen-Ta Lee Oct 2012

Proportionality In Interpreting Constitutions: A Comparison Between Canada, The United Kingdom And Singapore And Its Implications For Vietnam, Jack Tsen-Ta Lee

Research Collection Yong Pung How School Of Law

Few rights that are guaranteed by constitutions and bills of rights are expressed to be absolute. In many jurisdictions, the legislature is permitted to impose restrictions on rights for specified reasons and under particular conditions. However, constitutional or bill of rights text often do not expressly indicate how the courts should determine that applicants’ rights have been legitimately restricted. To this end, courts in jurisdictions such as Canada and the United Kingdom have adopted the European doctrine of proportionality. Essentially, this requires them to balance opposing types of public interests – the interest sought to be protected by the rights …

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Internships And The Making Of Future Lawyers, Seow Hon Tan Sep 2012

Internships And The Making Of Future Lawyers, Seow Hon Tan

Research Collection Yong Pung How School Of Law

As law firm internships provide law students with their first substantial encounters with lawyers, in situations where they are especially eager to impress, a project was undertaken to examine the impact of private law firm internships on the professional identities of future lawyers. Fifty-two volunteers from the Singapore Management University, which mandates 10 weeks of internships with approved partners, were surveyed. Most had done corporate or civil litigation work at local firms in Singapore. The findings of this research project were presented at the fifth International Legal Ethics Conference, held in Canada in July.

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Mediation Advocacy For Civil Disputes In The Subordinate Courts: Perspectives From The Bench, Dorcas Quek Anderson, Kenneth Choo Sep 2012

Mediation Advocacy For Civil Disputes In The Subordinate Courts: Perspectives From The Bench, Dorcas Quek Anderson, Kenneth Choo

Research Collection Yong Pung How School Of Law

“The New Lawyer: How Settlement is Transforming the Practice of Law” by JulieMacFarlane was reviewed in the May issue of the Law Gazette, in conjunction withthe introduction of a “Presumption of ADR” for civil disputes in the SubordinateCourts. MacFarlane describes the emergence of a new advocacy focusing on holisticproblem-solving. The reviewer posed a series of pertinent questions for theSingapore legal profession, “[W]e are all familiar with the popular notion of litigationlawyers as rights warriors. But the litigation lawyer as a conflict resolver? Is he or shean imaginary character or an emerging reality?”

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Controlling Shareholders In Concentrated Ownership Structures In Singapore, Wai Yee Wan Sep 2012

Controlling Shareholders In Concentrated Ownership Structures In Singapore, Wai Yee Wan

Research Collection Yong Pung How School Of Law

The talk outlines the corporate governance challenges in respect of listed companies in Singapore that have concentrated shareholdings.

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Past Consideration Or Unconnected Consideration, Yihan Goh, Man Yip Sep 2012

Past Consideration Or Unconnected Consideration, Yihan Goh, Man Yip

Research Collection Yong Pung How School Of Law

It is trite law that a valid and enforceable contract must be supported by consideration. The recent Court of Appeal case of Rainforest Trading Ltd v State Bank of India Singapore [2012] 2 SLR 713 is a further addition to the local jurisprudence on consideration, specifically the issue of past consideration. This note considers the specific issue of past consideration and argues that its label should be discarded in favour of a more realistic one that correctly emphasises its underlying concerns.

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Housing And Development Board Flats, Trust And Other Equitable Doctrines, Hang Wu Tang Sep 2012

Housing And Development Board Flats, Trust And Other Equitable Doctrines, Hang Wu Tang

Research Collection Yong Pung How School Of Law

Although 85% of the population of Singapore reside in Housing and Development Board (HDB) flats, this area of the law remains largely under investigated. A perennially contentious issue is the complex interplay between equitable doctrines and the Housing and Development Act. In this article, the author reviews the jurisprudence pertaining to express trust, resulting trust and common intention constructive trust and the HDB flat. This article will also examine the applicability of other equitable doctrines such as donatio mortis causa and proprietary estoppel in relation to the HDB flat. In particular, this article will explore the applicability of the common …

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Internships And The Making Of Future Lawyers, Seow Hon Tan Sep 2012

Internships And The Making Of Future Lawyers, Seow Hon Tan

Research Collection Yong Pung How School Of Law

As law firm internships provide law students with their first substantial encounters with lawyers, in situations where they are especially eager to impress, a project was undertaken to examine the impact of private law firm internships on the professional identities of future lawyers. Fifty-two volunteers from the Singapore Management University, which mandates 10 weeks of internships with approved partners, were surveyed. Most had done corporate or civil litigation work at local firms in Singapore. The findings of this research project were presented at the fifth International Legal Ethics Conference, held in Canada in July.

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Weaponizing Tear Gas: Bahrain’S Unprecedented Use Of Toxic Chemical Agents Against Civilians., Richard Sollom, Holly G. Atkinson Aug 2012

Weaponizing Tear Gas: Bahrain’S Unprecedented Use Of Toxic Chemical Agents Against Civilians., Richard Sollom, Holly G. Atkinson

Publications and Research

The Bahraini government’s response to the early 2011 pro-democracy protests was brutal, systematic, and violent. In addition to birdshot and rubber bullets, government law enforcement attacked unarmed protestors with toxic chemical agents including tear gas. The government’s crackdown on the medical profession was especially harmful, as security forces arrested and detained doctors, raided health facilities, and obstructed patients from receiving necessary care. This report’s findings are based on field research that the authors conducted in Bahrain (April 2012) to investigate excessive use of force by law enforcement officials since June 2011—the end of Bahrain’s state of emergency. The medico-legal team …

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Creating Access To Quality Legal Representation – The Queen's Counsel (Re)Appears In Singapore, Kwan Ho Lau Aug 2012

Creating Access To Quality Legal Representation – The Queen's Counsel (Re)Appears In Singapore, Kwan Ho Lau

Research Collection Yong Pung How School Of Law

Litigants coming up against a large banking institution or corporation in Singapore have not always been able to procure quality legal representation. The larger law firms there, with their established dispute resolution practices and stables of Senior Counsel, are often unable or unwilling to act in litigation against their institutional clients. This article investigates the extent of the problem and the Ministry of Law’s soluion of easing the criteria for ad hoc admission of Queen’s Counsel in Singapore. The author then looks, in some detail, at the factors that a court might consider in any foreign lawyer’s application for admission. …

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Changes Reflect A Maturing S’Pore’S Priorities, Tan K. B. Eugene Aug 2012

Changes Reflect A Maturing S’Pore’S Priorities, Tan K. B. Eugene

Research Collection Yong Pung How School Of Law

SMU Assistant Professor of Law and Nominated MP Eugene Tan wrote about the recent restructuring of socially oriented government ministries and the Cabinet reshuffle. “The changes demonstrate how the Government and governance in Singapore have to evolve since the... General Election. The Government is called upon to be more responsive and sensitive to the intangibles like society and community issues as they impact profoundly upon the well-being of Singaporeans”, he said.

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