International and Area Studies Commons^™

Place-Making, Mobility, And Identity: The Politics And Poetics Of Urban Mass Rapid Systems In Taiwan, Anru Lee

Publications and Research

No abstract provided.

Scale As A Key Factor For Sustainable Water Management In Northwest Honduras, E. Christian Wells, Karla L. Davis-Salazar, Jose E. Moreno-Cortes

Journal of Ecological Anthropology

In northwest Honduras, community-based interventions by outside development agencies seeking to assist communities with the treatment and delivery of potable water have been largely ineffective. This article examines the social, economic, ecological, and engineered contexts of gravity-fed water systems in the Palmarejo Valley of this region, identifying key barriers to long-term sustainability. Drawing from the results of our mixed-methods research in the valley incorporating ethnographic and spatial analyses along with water quality testing, we outline the limitations of community-based development approaches that ignore the broader social and political scales of resource inequalities. We find that water provisioning often requires coordination …

Into The Red: A Look Into The Reasons Why Refugees Decide To Flee, Settle Or Migrate To And From Morocco, Fadeelah E. Holivay

Master's Theses

This research paper explores some of the main reasons why refugees and asylum seekers, particularly from sub-Saharan African countries, embark on a journey and decide to settle, flee or migrate to and from Morocco. Because of this phenomenon, Morocco has seen a 96% increase of refugees migrating to the borders of Morocco each year for the past three years. Many say that this astonishing increase of migrants choosing Morocco is due to such factors as: wars breaking out regionally across central African and Middle Eastern countries causing them to flee; Morocco being a culturaly diverse francophone country whose laws and …

Navy, Russian (1991-), Bert Chapman

Libraries Faculty and Staff Scholarship and Research

Provides a historical overview and analysis of events affecting the Russian Navy from 1991-present. Emphasizes how this force still has mammoth strategic ambitions despite limited resources and an obsolete infrastructure. Stresses the ongoing presence of nuclear weapons, the increasing importance of the Northern Sea Route in Russian and international trade and strategy, and how U.S. and NATO countries budget constraints may make it hard for them to resist Russian assertiveness in areas such as Ukraine.

Army, Russian (1991-), Bert Chapman

Libraries Faculty and Staff Scholarship and Research

Provides a history of the Russian Army from the collapse of the Soviet Union in 1991 until the "annexation" of Crimea in 2014. Places emphasis on this force's strengths and weaknesses, military operations during this period, and emerging security challenges.

Avian Diversity Across Three Distinct Agricultural Landscapes In Guadalupe, Chiriquí Highlands, Panama, Jarred Jones

Independent Study Project (ISP) Collection

Deforestation of tropical forest for agricultural purposes threatens habitat loss of native species. The value of various agricultural landscapes in conserving avian populations is useful in determining diversity-conscious development plans. However, generalized results from regionalscale studies cannot be implemented to insular avian habitats. This study serves as the only current avian diversity study of the Chiriquí Highlands. To determine the effect of agricultural land use within an insular avian habitat, I compared avian diversity and site population similarity in Guadalupe, Chiriquí Highlands of the Talamanca Range, Panama. I hypothesized that avian diversity is greatest at forest edge followed by forest …

Index-Based Insurance And Risk Management Among Nomadic Mongolian Herders , Kelsey Larson

Independent Study Project (ISP) Collection

Mongolian herders must contend with the risk of dzuds, harsh winters that can kill large numbers of livestock. To do so, they use a mixture of formal financial tools and traditional risk mitigation techniques. This paper is a study of the interaction between the Mongolian Index-based Livestock Insurance Program and traditional informal risk mitigation techniques. The researcher interviews herders in Bulgan soum, Arhangai aimag and Galuut soum, Bayanhongor aimag to compare the IBLI program’s impact in a community that has had IBLI since 2006 and one that only received IBLI in 2012. This study finds that insurance purchase is positively …

Exploring The Preservation Of Pastoralism And The Natural World In Western Mongolia , Josephine Brownell

Independent Study Project (ISP) Collection

At a time when Mongolia is experiencing the intense effects of land degradation, human activity, and climate change, it is crucial that a new land management framework is developed with conservation in mind. Pastoralism’s unique relationship with the land serves as a method of protecting the natural world for the future. This study focuses on a pastoral community in Western Mongolia while considering a main research question: Is a herder’s historically deep connection with the land enough to protect the modern pastoral lifestyle in Mongolia for years to come? In answering this question, a review of related previous studies on …

River Health In Puyo, Ecuador The Use Of Macroinvertebrates As Bioindicators Of Water Quality And Alternatives To Chlorine For Whitening Clothes In The Puyo River Watershed, Allison Rowe

Independent Study Project (ISP) Collection

Fresh water is an important resource in Puyo, Ecuador, a city named after the Kichwa word for ‘cloudy’ in reference to its overcast weather. However, the Puyo River watershed is the most contaminated in all of Pastaza Province. The objective of this investigation was first to evaluate the health of the Puyo River using macroinvertebrate analyses and measurements of chlorine concentrations, temperature, pH, turbidity, velocity, and flow rate. The second objective was to learn about practices used to whiten clothes in Puyo and perceptions of water quality in order to understand the magnitude of bleach pollution and the population’s awareness …

Where Is My Home, Where Is My Homeland: Ethiopian Identity In The Czech Republic, Wanda Hernandez

Independent Study Project (ISP) Collection

The purpose of this study is to understand the cultural identity of the Ethiopian diaspora who migrated to the former Czechoslovakia prior to 1989. The theoretical framework was created through secondary sources and interviews were conducted with Ethiopian migrants. By virtue of time the Ethiopian migrants have acquired tools that have integrated them into Czech society successfully, however, regardless of time and experience in the Czech Republic, members of the Ethiopian diaspora still culturally identify with the territory that is defined by Ethiopia.

Have Dominicans Surpassed Puerto Ricans To Become New York City’S Largest Latino Nationality? An Analysis Of Latino Population Data From The 2013 American Community Survey For New York City And The Metropolitan Area, Laird W. Bergad

Center for Latin American, Caribbean, and Latino Studies

Introduction: This study examines three data sets from the recently released American Community Survey (ACS) of 2013 to estimate the population sizes of the largest Latino national sub groups in New York City and in the City’s surrounding counties.

Methods: Data on Latinos and other racial/ethnic groups were obtained from the U.S. Census Bureau American Community Survey, reorganized for public use by the Minnesota Population Center, University of Minnesota, IPUMSusa. Cases in the dataset were weighted and analyzed to produce population estimates.

Results: The data released by IPUMS in November 2014 from American Community Survey for 2013, and analyzed here, …

China's Nine-Dashed Map: Maritime Source Of Geopolitical Tension, Bert Chapman

Libraries Faculty and Staff Scholarship and Research

The South China Sea (SCS) is becoming an increasingly contentious source of geopolitical tension due to its significance as an international trade route, possessor of potentially significant oil and natural gas resources, China’s increasing diplomatic and military assertiveness, and the U.S.’ recent and ongoing Pacific Pivot strategy. Countries as varied as China, Taiwan, the Philippines, Indonesia and other adjacent countries have claims on this region’s islands and natural resources. China has been particularly assertive in asserting its SCS claims by creating a nine-dash line map claiming to give it de facto maritime control over this entire region without regard to …

Vukovar, Siege Of, 1991, Bert Chapman

Libraries Faculty and Staff Scholarship and Research

Provides an over view of fhe siege of the Croatian city Vukovar bu the Serbian Military during the Serbo-Croatian war between May-November 1991.

Nato In The Balkans, Bert Chapman

Libraries Faculty and Staff Scholarship and Research

This encyclopedia entry examines the contemporary and recent historic role of the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) in Balkan countries. It also discusses and emerging security concerns affecting these countries.

Yugoslav-Soviet Split, Bert Chapman

Libraries Faculty and Staff Scholarship and Research

Describes the political and military split between the Communist countries of Yugoslavia and the Soviet Union in the years after World War II until Yugoslavia's disintegration in the early 1990s.

Women Write About Che, Nancy Stout

Library Staff Publications

In the last five years, three women have written biographies of Ernesto "Che" Guevara after decades of his life story being solidly in the hands of men. The question is: do women write biography differently?

A New Forensics: Developing Standard Remote Sensing Methodologies To Detect And Document Mass Atrocities, Nathaniel A. Raymond, Brittany L. Card, Isaac L. Baker

Genocide Studies and Prevention: An International Journal

Aim: The aim of this article is to highlight potential methods applicable to a standard forensic approach for the analysis of high-resolution satellite imagery that may contain evidence of alleged mass atrocities.

Methods: The primary method employed is the retrospective analysis of a case study involving the use of high-resolution satellite imagery analysis to document alleged mass atrocities. The case study utilized herein is the Satellite Sentinel Project’s reporting on the May 2011 sacking of Abyei Town by Government of Sudan-aligned armed actors. In the brief case study, categories of objects, patterns of activities, and types of alleged mass atrocity …

Grid: A Methodology Integrating Witness Testimony And Satellite Imagery Analysis For Documenting Alleged Mass Atrocities, Brittany L. Card, Isaac L. Baker

Genocide Studies and Prevention: An International Journal

Aim: This article documents the development and initial use case of the GRID (Ground Reporting through Imagery Delivery) methodology by the Harvard Humanitarian Initiative (HHI). GRID was created to support corroboration of witness testimony of mass atrocity related-events using satellite imagery analysis. A repeating analytic limitation of employing imagery for this purpose is that differences in the geographic knowledge of a witness and an imagery analyst can limit or impede corroboration.

Methods: The primary method used in this article is a case study of HHI’s development and use of GRID. The GRID methodology was designed during HHI’s work with the …

Utopias Misplaced: The Cost Of Outsourcing Dystopian Poetics To North Korea, Seo-Young J. Chu

Publications and Research

This is a slightly revised version of the text of a talk that I (Seo-Young Chu) gave as part of the Fall 2014 Franke Lectures in the Humanities at Yale University. I'm sharing the text here to make the lecture more accessible. Topics include: North Korea/the DPRK, the "uncanny body politic," the uncanny valley, "dystopian poetics," what it means to outsource dystopian poetics, the intersection of aesthetics and politics. Authors/artists mentioned include: Thomas Hobbes, Mary Shelley, David Mitchell, Marjane Satrapi, Song Byeok, Sun Mu, Masahiro Mori, Andy Warhol. The talk also discusses the James Bond film Die Another Day.

Human Trafficking In Morocco: A Focus On Sub-Saharan Migrant Women, Ladarrien Gillette

Independent Study Project (ISP) Collection

The purpose of this study was to report on the situation of exploited and trafficked Sub-Saharan migrant women in Morocco. With the lack of legal framework to recognize or combat human trafficking my research focuses on the broader context of trafficking as a means to exploit mostly women in regards to sexual assault. Since the crime is not explicitly defined within Moroccan penal code there are no specific organizations dealing with survivors of trafficking but there are a few that indirectly address women migrants. The irregular situation of migrants in Morocco makes their involvement with being trafficked more complicated than …

Mitigating Climate-Induced Migration In Rural Morocco: Improving Sustainable Development To Address Socio-Economic And Environmental Causes Of Migration, Jesse Meisenhelter

Independent Study Project (ISP) Collection

Morocco unique geography has made the country vulnerable to climate-induced migration (CIM) for three reasons. First, Moroccois located in a region identified as the highest vulnerability to climate change (IPCC, 2014). Second, Morocco’s economy remains dependent on natural resources due to a history of neo-liberal development and agriculture policies (Davis, 2006). These policies’ failure to diversify and develop the economy in rural regions has made Morocco the most geographically inequitable country in the MENA region (World Bank). Lastly, located just 14 km from Spain, Morocco has a 50-year history of migrating to Europe for work and opportunity (Eddouada, 2014). This …

Reformasi Tni: Pola, Profesionalitas, Dan Refungsionalisasi Militer Dalam Masyarakat, Ahmad Yani Basuki

Masyarakat: Jurnal Sosiologi

As a process of military withdrawal from politics, the internal reform of The Indonesian National Defense Forces (Tentara Nasional Indonesia/TNI) has specific characters in its pattern as well as in its professionality. In this paper, Talukder Maniruzzaman’s concept of military withdrawal from politics and Robert K. Merton’s and Talcott Parsons’ functional analysis were laboured to inquire that process experienced by TNI. That inquiry used the combination of quantitative and qualitative methods. The result shows that TNI reform is a gradual, hierarchical and sustainable process. TNI reform can also categorized as professional military withdrawal from politics—a process which is not going …

Globalisasi Dan Transformasi Institusi Pendidikan Militer Di Sekolah Staf Dan Komando Tni Al (Seskoal), Amarulla Octavian

Masyarakat: Jurnal Sosiologi

Globalization has brought some challenges and threats to the building of national defence and security of many countries, including Indonesia. Many efforts have to be made to answer these challenges and threats. One of these efforts is doing some necessary transformations in the institutions of military education—in this case, The School of Staff and Command of Indonesian Navy (Sekolah Staf dan Komando TNI AL/SESKOAL) that becomes the research subject of this article. This article argues that the attempt of military organization to do adaptation and anticipation in facing globalization can be done by transformation of institution of military education, especially …

Jaringan Purnawirawan Tentara Nasional Indonesia Dalam Politik Relasi Sipil–Militer Pasca Reformasi Tni, Arie S. Soesilo

Masyarakat: Jurnal Sosiologi

This article discusses the entering process of retired military (TNI) officers into politics and their performances in that arena. This article argues that the retired military officer’s roles in politics provided new characteristics to the pattern of civil-military relations in Indonesia. It related to their capability to bridge the communication and to act as muting agent in political conflict between civil and military politicians. This article also asserts that the involvement of retired military officers in politics is strongly based on their commitment to the constitution in building democratic consolidation, which is not representing military interests. Thereby, it criticizes existing …

Demokratisasi Relasi Sipil–Militer Pada Era Reformasi Di Indonesia, Koesnadi Kardi

Masyarakat: Jurnal Sosiologi

Indonesia’s military reform resulted cultural, structural, doctrinal and organizational changes. But those changes are not fundamental enough to build democratic civil–military relation that relies on civilian supremacy. The process of military reform in Indonesia showed us that the success of democratization of civil–military relation depends on institutional setup of the military related to civilian institutions’ persistency, guidance, and initiative. This study used Peter D. Feaver’s theory of “principal-agent” to show that the lack of civilian institutions’ coherence and resoluteness caused persisting problems to the Indonesia’s military reform under democratic system. Civilian supremacy in Indonesia appears to be relied on “voluntary …

Prajurit Profesional-Patriot: Menuju Tni Profesional Pada Era Reformasi, Syamsul Ma'arif

Masyarakat: Jurnal Sosiologi

This article discuses about The Indonesian National Defense Forces (Tentara Nasional Indonesia/TNI) who has been experiencing a shift from praetorian military to professional military because of fundamental change within Indonesian society after the end of the Soeharto’s regime in 1998 which is followed by a transition of power from New Order to reformed government. That shift can be seen through some issues related to territorial institutions, military business, and relation between TNI and The Ministry of Defense (Departemen Pertahanan). This paper argues that that shift and its related issues can be explained by patriot professional military thesis. This thesis combines …

Relasi Sipil-Militer Dalam Pemberdayaan Masyarakat Papua, Syafrudin Tippe

Masyarakat: Jurnal Sosiologi

This research attempts to show that active role of agencies allows an adequate civil–military relation to be established despite of some constrains to the relationship between the two. Employing qualitative approach to assess civil–military cooperation in empowering Papuan society, the case study shows how the military and civilian collaborated to subdue the social tension in a territory prone to conflict. The result suggests that military component took pivotal role in maintaining peace and national security in Papua. Through its history, Indonesian government planned Papua development with military’s involvement on one side, yet without any attempt to embrace the subject of …

The Soldier And The State: The Theory And Politics Of Civil–Military Relations, Hipolitus Yolisandry Ringgi

Masyarakat: Jurnal Sosiologi

No abstract provided.

Embrio Sosiologi Militer Di Indonesia, Redaksi Jurnal Masyarakat

Masyarakat: Jurnal Sosiologi

No abstract provided.

Track Ii As A Method To Break Barriers: Pakistan-India Relations Since 1980, Talat A. Wizarat

Business Review

Track-II diplomacy made major contribution in reducing tension between the US and Soviet Union during late 1950’s and 1960’s. Attempts have been made in the past to apply the concepts developed particularly during 1960’s to other regions of the world. South Asia at one time had more than a hundred channels, only a few have survived. Some of these ventures have been one time exercise while others have survived for several years. Socialization process has been more successful than the other three stages. Filtration and transmission also hold great significance but several factors have retarded their growth. Implementation can only …