Geography Commons^™

Food Remittances: Migration And Food Security In Africa, Jonathan Crush, Mary Caesar

Hungry Cities Partnership

By drawing attention to the importance of food remittances for urban and rural food security and identifying the current knowledge gaps, this report contributes to the study of the relationship between migration and food security and creates a platform for the design of a new research agenda. Across Africa, there is considerable evidence of a massive informal trade in food, including staples, fresh and processed products. While most cross-border trade in foodstuffs is a result of commercial transactions by small-scale traders who buy in one country and sell in another, an unknown proportion is actually food remittances on their way …

Growing Food Security: The Impact Of Community Gardens On Food Security In Denver, Colorado, Grace Catherine Kellner

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Community gardens increase mental health, physical health and social inclusiveness and cohesiveness, while directly connecting gardeners to their environment. In some U.S. cities gardens additionally increase community and individual food security by providing fresh food to those who struggle to feed themselves and their families. This study examined the relationship between community gardens and increased food security in Denver, and is one of the first studies of its kind in this location. Specifically, I investigated who participates in community gardens, why they participate, whether gardens are accessible, and whether community gardens have the potential to improve individual and community food …

Model Lessons About Geography And Teaching With Primary Sources, Mary Arnold, Tabitha M. Richards, Helen Peynado, Licinia Stoian, Emily Pahlke, Alison Norton, Melanie A. Mays, Deidre Pribula, Deborah Jones, Mason Mahaffie, Emily Veale, Kerry Zambrano, Scott Bailon, Elena Kavanaugh, Stephanie Burns, Delia Wallis

Instructional Materials

Model Lessons for Teaching with Primary Sources to use with The Student Atlas of Oregon.

The Spatial Distribution Of Terrestrial Stable Carbon Isotopes In North America, And The Impacts Of Spatial And Temporal Resolution On Static Ecological Models, Sydney M. Firmin

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Due to the unique spatial and temporal characteristics of ecological phenomena, the extent and grain size of spatial data sets essentially filter the observations. This thesis examines the impacts of temporal and spatial resolution on the modeling of terrestrial stable carbon isotopic landscapes (isoscapes). I model the distribution of leaf stable carbon isotope composition (delta¹³C) for the continent of North America at multiple temporal and spatial resolutions. I generate each delta¹³C isoscape variation by first predicting the relative abundance of C3/C4 vegetation cover using monthly climate grids, crop distribution/type grids, and remote sensing data of plant …

Comparing Remotely Sensed Pictometry® Web Based Slope Distance Estimates With In Situ Total Station And Tape Slope Distance Estimates, David Kulhavy, Daniel Unger, Yanli Zhang, Phillip Bedford, I-Kuai Hung

Faculty Publications

Slope distance was measured between the top of 30 light poles and their respective ground level coordinate identified within a central parking lot on the campus of Stephen F. Austin State University, Nacogdoches, Texas. Slope distance measured using Pictometry^® hyperspatial 4-inch (10.2 centimeters) multispectral imagery within a web based interface was compared to in situ total station and tape measured slope distance. The range for mean slope distance for Pictometry^®, total station, and tape measured slope distance was 0.05 meters. Mean slope distance was 15.36 meters, 15.37 meters, and 15.41 meters for Pictometry^®, total station, …

Integrating Faculty Led Service Learning Training To Quantify Height Of Natural Resources From A Spatial Science Perspective, Daniel Unger, David Kulhavy, Kai Busch-Peterson, I-Kuai Hung

Faculty Publications

Arthur Temple College of Forestry and Agriculture (ATCOFA) faculty members were trained how to integrate service learning activities within senior level classes at Stephen F. Austin State University (SFASU) in Nacogdoches, Texas. The service learning training, taught under the acronym Mentored Undergraduate Scholarship (MUGS), involved meeting with fellow faculty members over the course of an academic year during the fall semester to first learn how to incorporate service learning activities in a senior level class followed by its incorporation into a class the following spring semester. The service learning model was applied to students in GIS 420, a senior level …

Incorporating Applied Undergraduate Research In Senior To Graduate Level Remote Sensing Courses, Richard Henley, Daniel Unger, David Kulhavy, I-Kuai Hung

Faculty Publications

An Arthur Temple College of Forestry and Agriculture (ATCOFA) senior spatial science undergraduate student engaged in a multi-course undergraduate research project to expand his expertise in remote sensing and assess the applied instruction methodology employed within ATCOFA. The project consisted of performing a change detection land-use/land-cover classification for Nacogdoches and Angelina counties in Texas using satellite imagery. The dates for the imagery were spaced approximately ten years apart and consisted of four different acquisitions between 1984 and 2013. The classification procedure followed and expanded upon a series of concrete theoretical remote sensing principles, transforming the four remotely sensed raster images …

Using Map Interfaces To Visualize And Access Archival Resources: Results Of A Survey Of North American Archives, Tom Belton

Western Libraries Presentations

This presentation reveals the results of a 2015 survey of North American archives as to their views on the utility of mapping layers to provide access to archival resources.

Turning On The Lights: Transcending Energy Poverty Through The Power Of Women Entrepreneurs, Leslie C. Gray, Alaina Boyle, Victoria Yu

Miller Center Fellowship

Solar lanterns offer affordable, high-quality lighting in developing countries. A number of organizations, including social enterprises, make solar lanterns available to rural households as an alternative to candles or kerosene lamps. One of the most successful of these organizations is Solar Sister.

Solar Sister, a social enterprise operating in Tanzania, Uganda, and Nigeria, is dedicated to eradicating energy poverty through the economic empowerment of women. In addition to economically empowering its women entrepreneurs, the business model of Solar Sister also cultivates sales networks built on trust in last-mile distribution methods.

While Solar Sister has previously conducted research regarding its many …

A Sediment-Based Reconstruction Of Caribbean Effective Precipitation During The ‘Little Ice Age’ From Freshwater Pond, Barbuda, Michael J. Burn, Jonathan Holmes, Lisa M. Kennedy, Allison Bain, Jim D. Marshall, Sophia Perdikaris

School of Global Integrative Studies: Faculty Publications

Contemporary climate dynamics of the circum-Caribbean Region are characterized by significant precipitation variability on interannual and interdecadal timescales controlled primarily by El Niño Southern Oscillation (ENSO) and the Atlantic Multidecadal Oscillation (AMO). However, our understanding of pre-industrial climate variability in the region is hampered by the sparse geographic distribution of paleoclimate archives. Here, we present a high-resolution reconstruction of effective precipitation for Barbuda since the mid-16th Century, based on biostratigraphic and stable isotope analyses of fossil ostracods and gastropods recovered from lake sediment cores from Freshwater Pond, the only freshwater lake on the island. We interpret episodic fluctuations in shell …

The Return Of Food: Poverty And Urban Food Security In Zimbabwe After The Crisis, Godfrey Tawodzera, Liam Riley, Jonathan Crush

Hungry Cities Partnership

The nadir of Zimbabwe’s political and economic crisis in 2008 coincided with the implementation of a baseline household food security survey in Harare by AFSUN. This survey found that households in lowincome urban areas in Zimbabwe’s capital were far worse off in terms of all the food insecurity and poverty indicators than households in the other 10 Southern African cities surveyed by AFSUN. The central question addressed in this report is whether food security in Zimbabwe’s urban centres has improved. AFSUN conducted a follow-up survey in 2012 that allows for direct longitudinal comparisons of continuity and change. The status of …

The Upper Peninsula As It Was: What The Europeans Encountered, Robert Archibald

Upper Country: A Journal of the Lake Superior Region

This essay establishes a baseline for measuring environmental change caused by the influx of Europeans beginning in the seventeenth century. In it the author describes the natural forces including volcanism, sedimentation, geologic metamorphism, and glaciation as natural forces that shaped the landscape of the Upper Peninsula and created deposits of minerals. He uses survey notes, travel accounts and journals to describe flora and fauna prior to large-scale commercial exploitation

Linkages And Spillovers In Global Production Networks: Firm-Level Analysis Of The Czech Automotive Industry, Petr Pavlinek, Pavla Žížalová

Geography and Geology Faculty Publications

The aim of this article is to analyze the linkages between and spillovers from foreign-owned (foreign) to domestic-owned (domestic) firms in the Czech automotive industry. Theoretically and conceptually, our research draws on two strands of literature: spillovers, linkages and effects of foreign direct investment on domestic firms and regional economic development; and literature on global production networks, global value chains and industrial upgrading. Empirical analysis is based upon unique data collected by the authors through a questionnaire completed by 317 foreign and domestic firms in 2009 and on-site interviews with 100 firms conducted between 2009 and 2011. Data analysis has …

The Chemical Constituents Of New Essential Oils From Endemic And Sub Endemic Plants Of Mongolian Gobi, Sanduin Shatar, Jordanka Stavena, Milka Todorova, Shataryn Altantsetseg

Erforschung biologischer Ressourcen der Mongolei / Exploration into the Biological Resources of Mongolia, ISSN 0440-1298

The new essential oil-Endemic and sub endemic plants in Outer Mongolian Gobi were isolated by hydro distillation from the aerial parts of Brachanthemum gobicum Krasch, B. mongolicum Krach, B. mongolorum Grub., Asterothamnus centrali-asiaticus Novopork, A. molliusculus Novopork., Ajania trifida (Turcz) Tzvel, A. achilleoides (Turcz) Tzvel., Ferula ferulaeoides (Stend) Eug. Kor., Artemisia davajamczii Darijima., A. caespitosa Ldb, A. subchrysolepis Filat, A. schischkinii Krasch, A.intricata Franch, A.ordasica Krasch, A.gobica (Krasch) Grub., A. sphalerocephala Krasch that grown in wild in Outer Mongolian Gobi. The essential oils were analyzed by a combination of Capillary GC and GC-MS and their main constituents were described.

An Update Of The Family-Level Taxonomy Of Vascular Plants In Mongolia, M. Urgamal, Ch. Sanchir

Erforschung biologischer Ressourcen der Mongolei / Exploration into the Biological Resources of Mongolia, ISSN 0440-1298

A new comprehensive checklist of Mongolian vascular plant families includes descriptions of all accepted plant families, each with a basionym, homonym, and full list of synonyms. The list is a completely revised update of GUBANOV’s conspectus (1996) of the Mongolian flora. The currently list covers a total of 3,113 species, subspecies and 683 genera, 112 families of vascular plants, belonging to 39 orders, 14 classes or clades and 5 divisions of the vascular plants in the flora of Mongolia.

Morphological Variation Of Mesobuthus Eupeus Mongolicus (Birula, 1911) (Scorpiones: Buthidae) In Mongolia, Mike Heddergott, D. Pohl, Michael Stubbe, Annegret Stubbe, P. Steinbach

Erforschung biologischer Ressourcen der Mongolei / Exploration into the Biological Resources of Mongolia, ISSN 0440-1298

In the present study, we investigated morphological variation of Mesobuthus eupeus mongolicus (Birula, 1911) in Mongolia. Samples were collected in 16 sites located in the provinces Bayankhongor, Khovd, Dundgovi, Dornogovi, Govisümber and Ömnögovi. Statistical analyses (Kruska-Wallis one-way ANOVA, PCA and hierarchical cluster analysis) showed that (a) morphologically the M. e. mongolicus males sampled in Dundgovi, Dornogovi, Govisümber and Ömnögovi were similar to each other, while the populations of Bayankhongor and Khovd were differentiated, and (b) the females from Bayankhongor, Dundgovi, Dornogovi, Govisümber and Ömnögovi had a similar morphology, while the population from Khovd was differentiated.

Geographical Distribution Of The Genus Mesobuthus (Scorpiones: Buthidae) In Mongolia, Mike Heddergott, Michael Stubbe, W. Stubbe, P. Steinbach, Annegret Stubbe

Erforschung biologischer Ressourcen der Mongolei / Exploration into the Biological Resources of Mongolia, ISSN 0440-1298

In the present study, we surveyed the diversity of scorpions in six provinces of Mongolia (Bayankhongor, Khovd, Dundgovi, Dornogovi, Govisümber and Ömnögovi) between 2001 and 2012. A total of 385 individuals were collected at 17 different sites. In addition to opportunistic sampling, animals were collected after detection with ultraviolet light. Only species from the genus Mesobuthus have been reported from Mongolia thus far. It was possible to confirm the occurrence of the species Mesobuthus eupeus mongolicus and report the presence of M. martensii martensii for the first time. We could not confirm the presence of M. caucasicus przewalskii and suggest …

Offspring Survival In The Demoiselle Crane Grus Virgo In Mongolia, Ueli Rehsteiner

Erforschung biologischer Ressourcen der Mongolei / Exploration into the Biological Resources of Mongolia, ISSN 0440-1298

The breeding performance of nine breeding pairs of the Demoiselle crane Grus virgo has been investigated in Takhin Tal, Mongolia, in order to get information about their breeding density as well as the survival rate of the juveniles. To this end, the nests and the offspring have been monitored from hatching up to the age of about two months in order to get information about their survival rate. All pairs settled within a distance of about 2 km to the only river in the area, resulting in a density of about 0.6 couples per km. The number of surviving juveniles …

Investigation Of Bats In The Darkhad Wetlands, Jargalsaikhan Ariunbold

Erforschung biologischer Ressourcen der Mongolei / Exploration into the Biological Resources of Mongolia, ISSN 0440-1298

The Darkhadyn Khotgor wetlands are located in the northern part of Mongolia and are transected by both small and large rivers such as the Shishged and the Tengis. Many small lakes are present and the large lake ‘Tsagaan nuur’ (English: White lake) is upstream of the Yenisei river. It is a land rich in biodiversity with pristine waters and an extreme continental climate. The Darkhadyn Khotgor wetlands are composed of three ecological zones, Siberian Taiga, forested steppe, and meadow valley. The area is surrounded by Ulaan Taiga strictly protected area (SPA) in the western part, Khoridol Saridag Mountains SPA in …

Erster Brutnachweis Für Den Bienenfresser (Merops Apiaster L., 1758) In Der Mongolei = First Breeding Record For The Bee-Eater (Merops Apiaster L., 1758) In Mongolia, Michael Stubbe, Davaa Lkhagvasuren, L. Kratzsch, H.-J. Döhle, Annegret Stubbe

Erforschung biologischer Ressourcen der Mongolei / Exploration into the Biological Resources of Mongolia, ISSN 0440-1298

First breeding record of Merops apiaster was observed for Mongolia in August 2014. Breeding locality was a little oasis eastern of Šarga-Sum in the Šargyn-gobi, Aimak Gobi-Altai, about 600 km eastern, far from the known area of the species in northwest China.

New Data On Feeding Ecology Of Bubo Bubo And Asio Otus (Aves: Strigidae) In Mongolia, Michael Stubbe, Nayamsuren Batsaikhan, Oliver Lindecke, Ravčigijn Samjaa, Annegret Stubbe

Erforschung biologischer Ressourcen der Mongolei / Exploration into the Biological Resources of Mongolia, ISSN 0440-1298

New materials of 10 Eagle owl Bubo bubo localities from Mongolia were analyzed. The feeding ecology of Long-eared owl Asio otus was studied by the investigation of pellets from 4 roosting or nesting places in S-Mongolia. All together in the prey of Bubo bubo were analyzed 1098 vertebrates (1017 mammals, 39 birds, 41 reptiles, 1 fish), involving about 22 mammal species. The pellets were dominantly those of Lagomorpha with 23.3% in SW-Mongolia, Dipodidae in W-, SW- and S-Mongolia (37.3%, 23.4%, 30.2%), Cricetidae in SW- and S-Mongolia (13.6%, 17.6%), Gerbillidae in W- and S-Mongolia (19%, 32.1%) and Arvicolidae in W- and …

A Revised Checklist Of Mongolian Mammal Species, V. S. Lebedev, A. A. Bannikova, Ya. Adiya, S. Shar, A. V. Surov

Erforschung biologischer Ressourcen der Mongolei / Exploration into the Biological Resources of Mongolia, ISSN 0440-1298

A revised annotated checklist of Mongolian mammals is presented, supplemented with comments on modifications in species- and genus-level taxonomy introduced over the last 30 years. The checklist includes 140 species compared to 124 species recognized three decades ago by SOKOLOV & ORLOV (1980). Since then, four species were newly described; seven species were registered for the first time on Mongolian territory. Names for more than 20 taxa have changed, on most occasions this change occurred not for purely nomenclatural reasons but rather as a result of taxonomic revisions at the species level which have elevated the rank of many nominal …

Historische Und Aktuelle Daten Zum Wolf In Der Mongolei, D. Eregdenedagva, Ravčigijn Samjaa, Michael Stubbe, Annegret Stubbe

Erforschung biologischer Ressourcen der Mongolei / Exploration into the Biological Resources of Mongolia, ISSN 0440-1298

Zusammenfassung Die Mongolei beherbergt trotz intensiver Verfolgung einen der besten Wolfsbestände Eurasiens. Der Wolf kommt als wertvoller Großsäuger in allen Vegetationszonen der Mongolei vor. Bereits zahlreiche Steinzeichnungen künden von Mensch-, Haus- und Wildtierkonflikten mit dem wehrhaften Beutegreifer Wolf. Er ist und bleibt ein Konkurrent des Nomaden und andererseits ein wertvoller Pelzlieferant und Regulator in den Nahrungsnetzen. Die geringe menschliche Besiedlung und die in freier Weidewirtschaft gehaltenen Haustiere sowie eine reiche Fauna an kleinen und großen Wildsäugetieren bereiten der Wolfspopulation optimale nahrungsökologische Bedingungen. Seit geraumer Zeit hat die Haustierhaltung die 50 Millionengrenze überschritten. Der ökonomische Schaden des Wolfes in der Viehwirtschaft …

Bakken Crude Oil And The Changing Logistics Of The American Oil Industry, Austin Rau

Independent Research

The extraction of Bakken crude oil in the Williston Basin of North Dakota is transforming how petroleum is shipped. Before 2008, North American oil was carried primarily via pipeline from source regions to refineries along the Gulf Coast or to metropolitan areas close to consumers. The current pipeline system is ill-equipped to accommodate massive volumes of oil from this previously low producing region. Lack of infrastructure and high demand for “light tight oil” (LTO) led to the use of railroads as a means of moving the product to refineries across the nation. Transporting oil via rail over long distances was …

Comparing Unmanned Aerial Systems (Uas) Structure-From-Motion Digital Surface Modeling To Laser Imaging Detection And Ranging (Lidar), Joshua D. Schane

Geography Masters Research Papers

UAS (unmanned-aerial systems) mapping is an emerging technology in spatial science. UAS, more informally referred to as “drones,” are small, radio-controlled or autonomous aerial platforms outfitted with camera sensor systems that can be deployed to fly missions for mapping terrain and structures. With the use of a photogrammetry technique called structure-from-motion, overlapping aerial images can be developed into high-resolution spatial data (< 5-cm). These data are georeferenced by GPS location information assigned to aerial targets which act as ground-control points (GCPs). This research explores the accuracy of the UAS-derived digital surface model (DSM) as it relates to a LIDAR DSM of the same study area in St. Helens, Oregon.

The site that was chosen to be mapped was a large wastewater treatment plant, with surrounding natural areas, residential, and industrial properties. The site was mapped using a small quadcopter-style UAS which was programmed autonomously; the overlapping aerial …

An Ecotoxicological Survey Of Tributaries Of The Selenge River, Mongolia, August 2010, Viktor T. Komov, Ch. Javzan, William G. Brumbaugh

Erforschung biologischer Ressourcen der Mongolei / Exploration into the Biological Resources of Mongolia, ISSN 0440-1298

The biodiversity of the Selenga river basin and the receiving waters of the lake Baikal, are among the greatest in the world with over 1,700 known endemic species of plants and animals. Mining activities along the Selenga river and its tributaries pose a major threat of chemical contamination, potentially reducing habitat quality and suitability for aquatic species. Moreover, the Selenga river serves as a major water source for the lake Baikal. Little information exists on the chemical contaminant concentrations in the Selenga river basin. Thus, the objectives of our study were to evaluate the concentrations of metals in soil, sediment, …

Materials On Heteroptera Of Uvs-Nuur Depression (Russia, Tuva), S. V. Kuzhuget

Erforschung biologischer Ressourcen der Mongolei / Exploration into the Biological Resources of Mongolia, ISSN 0440-1298

In this article are reported new data about spreading of 43 species of heteropterans of 10 families of the Tuvinian Uvs-Nuur depression.

Zur Erinnerung An Den Mongolischen Säugetierforscher Namshil Chotolchuu (1935-1990) – Im Gedenken An Die Wiederkehr Seines 80. Geburtstages 2015, Michael Stubbe

Erforschung biologischer Ressourcen der Mongolei / Exploration into the Biological Resources of Mongolia, ISSN 0440-1298

Namshil Chotolchuu wurde am 20.01.1935 in Ulaanbaatar geboren. Sein Vater war in den 60er und 70er Jahren ein bekannter Schachmeister der Mongolei. Mit Chotolchuu verbinden uns sehr erfolgreiche und prägende gemeinsame Mongolisch-Deutsche Biologische Expeditionen und daraus resultierende Publikationen sowie eine lange Freundschaft.

Mit diesem Nachruf wollen wir an ein langes Kapitel der deutsch-mongolischen Zusammenarbeit mit Kollegen der Mongolischen Akademie der Wissenschaften und an einen Pionier der eigenständigen mongolischen Säugetierforschung erinnern, der in der internationalen Kooperation, im Team der Mongolisch-Deutschen Biologischen Expeditionen und im Schrifttum sowie ganz persönlich unvergessen bleibt.

Vorläufige Checkliste Der Laufkäfer (Coleoptera: Carabidae) Der Mongolei 3. Beitrag Zur Carabidenfauna Der Mongolei, Peer Schnitter

Erforschung biologischer Ressourcen der Mongolei / Exploration into the Biological Resources of Mongolia, ISSN 0440-1298

Four hundred fifty-one species and subspecies of ground beetles were reported for Mongolia. Twenty-nine species are new for the fauna: Calosoma sycophanta (LINNAEUS, 1758), Carabus (Coptolabrus) schrencki MOTSCHULSKY, 1860 ? ssp., Elaphrus (Elaphroterus) punctatus MOTSCHULSKY, 1844, Dyschiriodes marani KULT, 1949, Dyschiriodes pusillus (DEJEAN, 1815), Broscus ? semistriatus DEJEAN, 1828, Bembidion (Asioperyphus) pamiricola LUTSHNIK, 1930, Bembidion (Asioperyphus) pseudoinfuscatum REBL i. litt, Bembidion (Hirmoplataphus) hirmocaelum CHAUDOIR, 1850, Bembidion (Peryphodes) amurense (MOTSCHULSKY, 1859), Bembidion (Peryphus) insidiosum holdhausi FASSATI, 1952, Bembidion (Peryphus) petrosum GEBLER, 1833, Bembidion (Plataphus …

Wildlife And Local Community Investigation In Trans-Boundary Area Between China-Mongolia Borders, Weikang Yang, Wenxuan Xu, Canjun Xia, Wei Liu, Xingyi Gao

Erforschung biologischer Ressourcen der Mongolei / Exploration into the Biological Resources of Mongolia, ISSN 0440-1298

During June 2008, and August and December 2010, we investigated both the status of wildlife and local human communities in the great Gobi trans-boundary area between China and Mongolia. We surveyed Baytik Mountain (called Baitag Bogdt on the Mongolian side of the border)( 44°59′ - 45°21′N，90°30′ - 90°53′E), which is located in the West of Great Gobi B strict protected area (GGB) and connected with Dzungarian Gobi. The Kazakh shepherds still maintain their nomadic life here in Baytik Mountains. The region was divided into summer, winter and transitional pasture, and most of the livestock were goats and sheep. We also …