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Full-Text Articles in International Economics
Intellectual Property Protection And The Industrial Composition Of Multinational Activity, Olena Ivus, Walter Park, Kamal Saggi
Intellectual Property Protection And The Industrial Composition Of Multinational Activity, Olena Ivus, Walter Park, Kamal Saggi
Olena Ivus
In a North-South model with endogenous FDI, we examine the impact of Southern IPR protection on the mode and industry composition of international technology transfer. A novel feature of the model is that, due to technological reasons, industries differ with respect to their susceptibility to imitation. In equilibrium, licensing occurs in industries where the risk of imitation is low and FDI where it is of intermediate magnitude. Stronger IPRs in the South (i) alter the industrial composition of multinational activity towards licensing at the expense of FDI, (ii) reduce local imitation, (iii) increase licensing and, to a lesser extent, FDI.
Patent Protection And The Industrial Composition Of Multinational Activity: Evidence From U.S. Multinational Firms, Olena Ivus, Walter Park, Kamal Saggi
Patent Protection And The Industrial Composition Of Multinational Activity: Evidence From U.S. Multinational Firms, Olena Ivus, Walter Park, Kamal Saggi
Olena Ivus
Using data on U.S. firms' technology licensing to local agents in developing countries, this paper examines the impact of patent protection on internal and arms-length technology transfer. The effects of protection vary across products according to their complexity. Consistent with theories of internalization, we find that patent reforms enable local firms to attract more arms-length technology transfer, especially of simple products which are relatively easy to imitate. Affiliated licensing also rises among simple products, but falls among complex products. The results withstand several robustness checks, including controlling for endogeneity by using colonial origin as an instrument, and are equally strong …
Does Stronger Patent Protection Increase Export Variety? Evidence From U.S. Product-Level Data, Olena Ivus
Does Stronger Patent Protection Increase Export Variety? Evidence From U.S. Product-Level Data, Olena Ivus
Olena Ivus
Proponents of global intellectual property rights (IPRs) reforms have argued that developing countries' weak IPRs limit their access to foreign innovative products and technologies. Central to our understanding of the effects of IPRs on product access is the influence of national differences in patent protection on corporate behavior and business strategy of multinational firms. Using detailed product data on U.S. exports from 1990 to 2000, this paper assesses the impact of strengthening IPRs in developing countries on product variety of U.S. exports. Colonial origin and cross-industry variation in patent effectiveness serve to identify the impact. The results show that the …
Should Smaller Countries Be More Protectionist? The Diversification Motive For Tariffs, James Gaisford, Olena Ivus
Should Smaller Countries Be More Protectionist? The Diversification Motive For Tariffs, James Gaisford, Olena Ivus
Olena Ivus
This paper examines the diversification motive for tariffs under trade-related uncertainty when there is incomplete international and domestic risk sharing. In the context of a two-country Ricardian continuum-of-sectors model with shocks to foreign technologies or preferences, tariffs allow a country to mitigate external risk by diversifying across sectors. Given sufficiently high risk and risk aversion, the optimality of tariffs depends primarily on a country's ability to diversify, rather than its market power, such that small countries gain most.
The Impact Of Intellectual Property Rights On Welfare And Trade Flows, Olena Ivus
The Impact Of Intellectual Property Rights On Welfare And Trade Flows, Olena Ivus
Olena Ivus
No abstract provided.
Modelling Approaches To The Analysis Of Trade Policy: Computable General Equilibrium And Gravity Models, Olena Ivus, Aaron Strong
Modelling Approaches To The Analysis Of Trade Policy: Computable General Equilibrium And Gravity Models, Olena Ivus, Aaron Strong
Olena Ivus
No abstract provided.