Income Distribution Commons^™

Essays On The Economic Effects Of Income Inequality, Adir Dos Santos Mancebo Junior

FIU Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Income inequality has been rising throughout the world. In the United States, for example, the income share of the population at the top 10% of the income distribution rose 34% from 1980 to 2019 according to data from the World Inequality Database. This dissertation studies how increasing levels of income inequality might affect the economy.

In the first chapter, I show that changes in the level of income inequality may affect consumption volatility through changes in household aggregate marginal propensity to consume (MPC). I propose a simple theoretical framework to explain this dynamic and evaluate it empirically, combining data from …

Investigating The Impacts Of Monetary Policy On Income Inequality In Developed Nations: Case Study Of The Euro Area, Japan And The United States, Hector Martinez Garcia

Masters Theses

This paper tries to evaluate the effect that unconventional monetary policy has had on income inequality for the set of Eurozone countries, the United States and Japan using an unbalanced panel data model over the period from 1980 to 2021, first jointly and then individually, using different regressions for each case. Based on the regression model analyzed, the study attempts to analyze the relationship between money supply and income inequality as measured by the Gini index using fixed effects and random effects for our panel data model. The study reveals the importance of the money supply variable in reducing inequality …

Effect Of Monetary Policy On The Nigerian Stock Market: A Smooth Transition Autoregressive Approach, Babaginda Jamilu S., Khan Asad-Ul I.

CBN Journal of Applied Statistics (JAS)

This paper examines the nonlinear effect of monetary policy decisions on the performance of the Nigerian Stock Exchange market, by employing the Smooth Transition Autoregressive (STAR) model on monthly data from 2013 M4 to 2019 M12 for the All Share Index and monetary policy instrument. This study considers the two regimes characterizing the stock market, which are the lower regime (the bear market) and the upper regime (the bull market). The results show evidence of nonlinear effect of monetary policy on the stock exchange market. Monetary policy rate, money supply, lagged monetary policy rate and lagged treasury bill rate are …

What Lies At The Core Of Core Inflation? An Empirical Analysis To Identify The Determinants Of Core Inflation In Pakistan, Mehwish Ghulam Ali, Muhammad Ather Elahi, Qazi Masood Ahmed

Business Review

Core inflation leads to erosion of purchasing power and distorts income distribution in favor of the rich and the creditors. Further, it aggravates poverty due to its regressive effect. By targeting core inflation, the Central Bank attempts to reduce poverty and improve income distribution. The Central Bank does and should target core inflation for the aforementioned objectives, hence it becomes necessary to identify if factors apart from monetary policy affect core inflation. This paper aims to identify the determinants of core inflation in Pakistan. This study is motivated by the lack of work done in identifying the determinants of core …

Central Bank Of Nigeria Annual Report And Statement Of Accounts For The Year Ended 31st December 2014, Central Bank Of Nigeria

CBN Annual Report

Annual Report and Financial Statements of the Central Bank of Nigeria (CBN) for the year ended 31st December, 2014. In general, 2014 has been a very eventful and challenging year for the Bank, the country, and the world at large. In the course of the year, the Bank underwent significant changes in its governance composition. In 2014, the global economy witnessed considerable vulnerabilities characterized by fragile growth and weak economic outlook. Global growth recovery was modest and continued to be threatened by strong downside risks, as a result of sharp drop in commodity prices, escalating geo-political tensions, and heightening threats …

Entral Bank Of Nigeria Annual Report And Statement Of Accounts For The Year Ended 31st December 1989, Central Bank Of Nigeria

CBN Annual Report

The Nigerian economy showed improvement in 1989 compared to 1988. Economic Growth: Gross Domestic Product (GDP) increased by 4.0%, driven by growth in agriculture and industry. The overall balance of payments moved from a deficit to a surplus, largely due to a significant increase in crude oil exports. The unemployment rate declined slightly, with more jobs created through government programs. Nigeria's external assets increased significantly, reflecting a deliberate policy to build official reserves. Inflation: Despite some improvement, inflationary pressures remained high, with domestic prices rising by 40.9%. Stagnant Manufacturing: Manufacturing production grew at a slow pace due to high production …

Central Bank Of Nigeria Annual Report And Statement Of Accounts For The Year Ended 31st December 1986, Central Bank Of Nigeria

CBN Annual Report

CBN annual report and statement of accounts for 1986 covers economic performance including key economic indicators such as inflation rate, GDP growth, exchange rate stability, banking sector performance, monetary policy, financial stability, fiscal policy, and regulatory updates for 1986. The development in 1986 were mixed. The GDP at constant 1977/78 factor cost was estimated at N25,290 million, representing a decline of 3.3 per cent and the decline was largely due to poor performance of the manufacturing, crude petroleum, wholesale and retail trade sectors. The trajectory of monetary aggregates was relatively in the download direction. Money supply indicated a 1.2 per …

Central Bank Of Nigeria Annual Report And Statement Of Accounts For The Year Ended 31st December 1966, Central Bank Of Nigeria

CBN Annual Report

CBN Annual Report and Statement of Accounts for 1966 discussed the economic performance of Nigeria with emphasis on inflation rate, GDP growth, exchange rate stability, banking sector performance, monetary policy, financial stability, fiscal policy, and regulatory updates. The state of the Nigerian economy in 1966 was dictated mainly by the social and political uncertainties that engulfed the country beginning in 1965. The country experienced mounting political problems in 1965, which, by the fourth quarter of that year, had become an important factor in the future investment plans of the business community. A growing burden of external debt and the slow-down …

Central Bank Of Nigeria Annual Report And Statement Of Accounts For The Year Ended 31st December 1965, Central Bank Of Nigeria

CBN Annual Report

CBN Annual Report and Statement of Accounts for 1965 discussed the economic performance of Nigeria with emphasis on inflation rate, GDP growth, exchange rate stability, banking sector performance, monetary policy, financial stability, fiscal policy, and regulatory updates. Two major developments dominated the world economic scene in 1965. One was the overall slowdown of economic expansion in most industrialized countries. The other was the overall contraction in the growth rate of world trade and in the flow of international capital. Due to the problem of balance of payment disequilibrium, the industrialized countries intensified economic measures to achieve internal stability and equilibrium …

Central Bank Of Nigeria Annual Report And Statement Of Accounts For The Year Ended 31st December 1961., Central Bank Of Nigeria

CBN Annual Report

CBN Annual Report and Statement of Accounts for 1961 discussed the economic performance of Nigeria with emphasis on inflation rate, GDP growth, exchange rate stability, banking sector performance, monetary policy, financial stability, fiscal policy, and regulatory updates. Economic activity, which had been at a relatively high level during the year of independence, expanded further during 1961. The production of most of the agricultural export commodities attained high levels during the 1960-1961. Mineral production varied widely among individual products but on balance activity was considerably higher in 1961 than in the previous year. Industrial production continued to grow, reflecting both the …

Central Bank Of Nigeria Annual Report And Statement Of Accounts For The Period Ended 31st December 1960, Central Bank Of Nigeria

CBN Annual Report

CBN annual report and statement of accounts for 1960 covers economic performance including key economic indicators such as inflation rate, GDP growth, exchange rate stability, banking sector performance, monetary policy, financial stability, fiscal policy, and regulatory updates. The banking system was relatively well developed with increase in bank deposits to 70 million Pounds. Also, the number of bank branches increased from 44 to 200. The development indicated growth and broadening of the banking system. The domestic publicly issued debt of the Federal Government consists of 300,000 Pounds. Nigeria Government Registered Stock 1956/61 which was due to be redeemed in December …